User talk:Lernervld

Tardive Dyskinesia

A number of clinical reports have suggested that piracetam may be effective in improving symptoms in a range of movement disorders, including that of acute neuroleptic induced extrapyramidal symptoms and TD. Sikora J, Kabes J, Pisvejc J. [Management of neuroleptic side-effects with piracetam (author's transl)]. Cesk Psychiatr 1981; 77:137-142. Kabes J, Sikora J, Pisvejc J, et al. Effect of piracetam on extrapyramidal side effects induced by neuroleptic drugs. Int Pharmacopsychiatry 1982; 17:185-192. Kabes J, Sikora J, Stary O, et al. [Effectiveness of piracetam in tardive dyskinesia - double-blind cross-over controlled trial with a placebo]. Cesk Psychiatr 1983; 79:339-345. Chaturvedi SK. Piracetam for drug-induced dyskinesia. J Clin Psychiatry 1987; 48:255. Obeso JA, Artieda J, Quinn N, et al. Piracetam in the treatment of different types of myoclonus. Clin Neuropharmacol 1988; 11:529-536. Piperidou C, Maltezos E, Kafalis G, et al. Piracetam for choreoathetosis. Lancet 1988; 2:906.Fleischhacker WW, Roth SD, Kane JM. The pharmacologic treatment of neuroleptic-induced akathisia. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1990; 10:12-21.Fehr C, Dahmen N, Klawe C, et al. Piracetam in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia and akathisia: a case report. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2001; 21:248-249. In these reports, the dose of piracetam used for treating TD varied from 800 mg/day to 24000 mg/day. Kabes J, Sikora J, Stary O, et al. [Effectiveness of piracetam in tardive dyskinesia - double-blind cross-over controlled trial with a placebo]. Cesk Psychiatr 1983; 79:339-345. Chaturvedi SK. Piracetam for drug-induced dyskinesia. J Clin Psychiatry 1987; 48:255. Fehr C, Dahmen N, Klawe C, et al. Piracetam in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia and akathisia: a case report. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2001; 21:248-249. In the randomized double-blind placebo-controlled, crossover study performed in 2007, the researchers have confirmrd that piracetam is effective in reducing symptoms of TD. The specific mechanism by which piracetam may attenuate symptoms of TD needs to be further evaluated.Libov I., Miodownik C., Bersudsky Y., Dwolatzky T., Lerner V. Efficacy of piracetam in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. J Clinical Psychiatry, 68:1031-1037, 2007. ````