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Off The Wall
Off The Wall (album) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Off the Wall

Studio album by Michael Jackson Released	August 10, 1979 Recorded	December 1978–June 1979 Allen Zentz Recording Westlake Audio Cherokee Studios (Los Angeles, California) Genre	R&B, disco, funk, dance-pop[1] Length	42:16 Label	Epic EK-35745 Producer	Quincy Jones Michael Jackson (co-producer) Michael Jackson chronology Forever, Michael (1975)	Off the Wall (1979)	One Day in Your Life (1981) 2001 Special Edition

The slipcover for the Special Edition of the album. Current pressings of the special edition do not include the slipcover. Singles from OffBold text the Wall "Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough" Released: July 28, 1979 "Rock with You" Released: November 3, 1979 "Off the Wall" Released: February 2, 1980 "She's Out of My Life" Released: April 19, 1980 "Girlfriend" Released: July 16, 1980 Off the Wall is the fifth studio album by the American recording artist Michael Jackson, released August 10, 1979 on Epic Records, after Jackson's critically well received film performance in The Wiz. While working on that project, Jackson and Quincy Jones had become friends, and Jones agreed to work with Jackson on his next studio album. Recording sessions took place between December 1978 and June 1979 at Allen Zentz Recording, Westlake Recording Studios, and Cherokee Studios in Los Angeles, California. Jackson collaborated with a number of other writers and performers such as Paul McCartney, Stevie Wonder and Rod Temperton. Five singles were released from the album. Jackson wrote several of the songs himself, including the Platinum-certified lead single, "Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough". The record was a departure from Jackson's previous work for Motown. Several critics observed that Off the Wall was crafted from funk, disco-pop, soft rock, jazz and pop ballads. Jackson received positive reviews for his vocal performance on the record. The record gained positive reviews and won the singer his first Grammy Award since the early 1970s. With Off the Wall, Jackson became the first solo artist to have four singles from the same album peak inside the top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100. The album was a commercial success, to date it is certified for 8× Multi-Platinum in the US and has sold more than 20 million copies worldwide. On October 16, 2001, a special edition reissue of Off the Wall was released by Sony Records. Recent reviews by Allmusic and Blender have continued to praise Off the Wall for its appeal in the 21st century. In 2003, the album was ranked number 68 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. The National Association of Recording Merchandisers listed it at number 80 of the Definitive 200 Albums of All Time. In 2008, Off the Wall was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. Contents [hide] 1 Background 2 Production 3 Music and vocals 4 Release 5 Reception 6 Track listing 7 Personnel 8 Legacy 9 Sales 10 See also 11 References 12 External links [edit]Background

Starting in 1972, Michael Jackson released a total of four solo studio albums with Motown, among them Got to Be There and Ben. These were released as part of The Jackson 5 franchise, and produced successful singles such as "Got to Be There", "Ben" and a remake of Bobby Day's "Rockin' Robin". The Jackson 5's sales, however, began declining in 1973, and the band members chafed under Motown's strict refusal to allow them creative control or input.[2] Although the group scored several top 40 hits, including the top five disco single "Dancing Machine" and the top 20 hit "I Am Love", The Jackson 5 (minus Jermaine Jackson) left Motown in 1975.[2] The Jackson 5 signed a new contract with CBS Records in June 1975, first joining the Philadelphia International Records division and then Epic Records.[2] As a result of legal proceedings, the group was renamed The Jacksons.[3] After the name change, the band continued to tour internationally, releasing six more albums between 1976 and 1984. From 1976 to 1984, Michael Jackson was the lead songwriter of the group, writing or co-writing such hits as "Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground)", "This Place Hotel" and "Can You Feel It".[4] In 1978, Jackson starred as Scarecrow in the film musical The Wiz.[5] The musical scores were arranged by Quincy Jones, who formed a partnership with Jackson during the film's production and agreed to produce the singer's solo album Off the Wall.[6] Jackson was dedicated to the role, and watched videotapes of gazelles, cheetahs and panthers in order to learn graceful movements for his part.[7] Jones recalled working with Jackson as one of his favorite experiences from The Wiz, and spoke of Jackson's dedication to his role, comparing his acting style to Sammy Davis, Jr.[7] Critics panned The Wiz upon its October 1978 release.[8][9] Jackson's performance as the Scarecrow was one of the only positively reviewed elements of the film, with critics noting that Jackson possessed "genuine acting talent" and "provided the only genuinely memorable moments."[10][11] Of the results of the film, Jackson stated: "I don't think it could have been any better, I really don't".[12] In 1980, Jackson stated that his time working on The Wiz was "my greatest experience so far...I'll never forget that".[11] In 1979, Jackson broke his nose during a complex dance routine. His subsequent rhinoplasty surgery was not a complete success, and Jackson complained of breathing difficulties that would affect his career. He was referred to Dr. Steven Hoefflin, who performed Jackson's second rhinoplasty and other subsequent operations.[13] [edit]Production

When Jackson began the Off the Wall project he was not sure what he wanted as the final result. However he did not want another record that sounded like The Jacksons. He wanted more creative freedom, something he had not been allowed on prior albums.[14] Jones and Jackson jointly produced Off the Wall, whose songwriters included Jackson, Heatwave's Rod Temperton, Stevie Wonder and Paul McCartney.[15] All sessions took place at Los Angeles County-based recording studios. Rhythm tracks and vocals were recorded at Allen Zentz Recording, the horn section's contributions took place at Westlake Audio, and string instrumentation was recorded at Cherokee Studios in West Hollywood. Following the initial sessions, audio mixing was handled by Grammy-winning engineer Bruce Swedien at Westlake Audio, after which the original tapes went to the A&M Recording Studio, also located in L.A., for mastering.[16] Swedien would later mix the recording sessions for Jackson's next album and his most well-known work, 1982's Thriller.[16] Jones recalled that, at first, he found Jackson to be very introverted, shy and non-assertive.[17] "She's Out of My Life" was written for Jones by Tom Bahler three years prior. Jackson heard and enjoyed it, and Jones allowed him to use it on the record.[15] Jones called in Heatwave's keyboardist Rod Temperton to write three songs. The intention was for Jackson and Jones to select one of his songs, but Jackson, liking them all, included all of them in the final cut.[15] Jackson stayed up all night to learn the lyrics to these songs instead of singing from a sheet. He finished the vocals to these three Temperton songs in two recording sections.[15] Temperton took a different approach to his song writing after spending some time researching the background to Jackson's music style. Temperton mixed his traditional harmony segments with the idea of adding shorter note melodies to suit Jackson's aggressive style.[15] Jackson wrote "Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough" after humming a melody in his kitchen.[18] After listening to hundreds of songs, Jackson and Jones decided upon a batch to record.[18] In hindsight, Jones believed they took a lot of risks in the production of Off the Wall and the final choice of album tracks.[15] Attention was also paid to the album cover, which shows Jackson smiling, wearing a tuxedo and trademark socks. His manager stated, "The tuxedo was the overall plan for the Off the Wall project and package. The tuxedo was our idea, the socks were Michael'".[19] [edit]Music and vocals

Music critics Stephen Thomas Erlewine and Stephen Holden observed that Off the Wall was crafted from funk, disco-pop, soul, soft rock, jazz and pop ballads.[20][21] Prominent examples include the ballad "She's Out of My Life", and the two disco tunes "Workin' Day and Night" and "Get on the Floor".[21] "I Can't Help It" is a jazz piece.[19] In Quincy Jones' autobiography, he compares Jackson to other jazz singers noting that Jackson "has some of the same qualities as the great jazz singers I'd worked with: Ella, Sinatra, Sassy, Aretha, Ray Charles, Dinah. Each of them had that purity, that strong signature sound and that open wound that pushed them to greatness." "She's out of My Life" and "It's the Falling in Love" (a duet with R&B singer Patti Austin) are melodic pop ballads.[18] The end of the former song showed an "emotional" Jackson crying as the track concluded.[19] Of the song R&B writer Nelson George proclaimed, "[It] became a Jackson signature similar to the way "My Way" served Frank Sinatra. The vulnerability, verging on fragility that would become embedded in Michael's persona found, perhaps, its richest expression in this wistful ballad".[6] "Rock With You" is a romantic, mid-tempo song.[18] With the arrival of Off the Wall in the late 1970s, Jackson's abilities as a vocalist were well regarded; Allmusic writer Stephen Thomas Erlewine described him as a "blindingly gifted vocalist".[21] At the time, Rolling Stone compared his vocals to the "breathless, dreamy stutter" of Stevie Wonder. Their analysis was also that "Jackson's feathery-timbered tenor is extraordinary beautiful. It slides smoothly into a startling falsetto that's used very daringly".[22] John Randall Taraborrelli expressed the opinion that Jackson sings with "sexy falsetto" vocals in "Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough".[18] [edit]Release

Writer, journalist and biographer John Randall Taraborrelli stated, "Fans and industry peers alike were left with their mouths agape when Off the Wall was issued to the public. Fans proclaimed that they hadn't heard him sing with such joy and abandon since the early Jackson 5 days".[19] On July 28, 1979, Off the Wall's first single, "Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough", was released. It peaked atop the Billboard Hot 100 and reached number three in the UK.[23][24] On November 3, 1979 the second single from the album, "Rock with You" was released, again it peaked atop the Billboard Hot 100.[25] In February, the album's title track was released as a single and went to number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and became a top 10 hit in four countries.[26] "She's out of My Life", also reaching number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in June.[27] Thus Off the Wall became the first album by a solo artist to generate four US top 10 hits.[23] Today, Off the Wall is certified 8× Multi-Platinum in the US for shipments of eight million units and sold over 20 million copies worldwide.[28][29][30] The album's success lead to the start of a 9-year partnership between Jackson and Jones, their next collaboration would be Thriller, which is the world's best selling album of all time.[31] [edit]Reception

Professional ratings Review scores Source	Rating Allmusic	[1] Blender	[32] Robert Christgau	(A)[33] Melody Maker	(favorable) [34] Q	[35] Rolling Stone	(favorable)[20] Yahoo! Music	(favorable)[36] Off the Wall was hailed as a major breakthrough for Jackson, while receiving critical recognition, along with praises, from major music publications. In a 1979 review of the album, Rolling Stone magazine contributor Stephen Holden praised Jackson's maturity and transition from his early Motown material, while calling the album a "slick, sophisticated R&B-pop showcase with a definite disco slant". Holden went on to compare Jackson to Stevie Wonder, another Motown performer who began recording at a young age and gained critical acclaim for his transition.[20] Music critic Robert Christgau gave the album a positive (A) grade believing that Off the Wall was "the dance groove of the year" and the album presented Jackson as a grown up.[33] In a review for Melody Maker Phil McNeill expressed the opinion that in Off the Wall Jackson sounded comfortable, confident and in control. He believed "Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough" had a "classy" introduction and that it was the best song on the album. He also praised "Rock With You", describing it as "masterful". The reviewer concurred with a colleague that Jackson was "probably the best singer in the world right now in terms of style and technique".[34] In 1980, Jackson won three awards at the American Music Awards for his solo efforts: Favorite Soul/R&B Album, Favorite Male Soul/R&B Artist and Favorite Soul/R&B Single (for "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough").[23] That year, he also won Billboard Music Awards for Top Black Artist and Top Black Album and a Grammy Award for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance (for "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough").[23] Despite its commercial success, Jackson felt Off the Wall should have made a much bigger impact, and was determined to exceed expectations with his next release.[23][37] In particular, Jackson was disappointed that he had won only a single Grammy Award at the 1980 Grammys, a Grammy Award for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance for "Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough".[38] Jackson stated that "It was totally unfair that it didn't get Record of the Year and it can never happen again".[39] [edit]Track listing

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length 1.	"Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough" 	Michael Jackson	6:04 2.	"Rock with You" 	Rod Temperton	3:40 3.	"Working Day and Night" 	Michael Jackson	5:14 4.	"Get on the Floor" 	Michael Jackson, Louis Johnson	4:39 5.	"Off the Wall" 	Rod Temperton	4:05 6.	"Girlfriend" 	Paul McCartney	3:05 7.	"She's Out of My Life" 	Tom Bahler	3:37 8.	"I Can't Help It" 	Stevie Wonder, Susaye Greene	4:29 9.	"It's the Falling in Love" (featuring Patti Austin)	Carole Bayer Sager, David Foster	3:48 10.	"Burn This Disco Out" 	Rod Temperton	3:41 [show]2001 Special Edition The original LP and cassette pressings of this album contain the original mixes of "Rock with You" and "Get on the Floor". [edit]Personnel

Michael Jackson – lead vocals, background vocals, co-producer, percussion Randy Jackson – percussion Michael Boddicker – keyboards, synthesizers, programming Larry Carlton – guitar George Duke – keyboards, synthesizers, programming David Foster – keyboards, synthesizers, programming Gary Grant – trumpet, flügelhorn Marlo Henderson – guitar Jerry Hey – trumpet, flügelhorn Kim Hutchcroft – saxophone, flute, trumpet, flügelhorn Louis Johnson – bass guitar Quincy Jones – producer Greg Phillinganes – keyboards, synthesizers, programming Steve Porcaro – keyboards, synthesizers, programming William Reichenbach – trombone John "JR" Robinson – drums Bruce Swedien – recording engineer Phil Upchurch – guitar Bobby Watson – bass guitar Wah Wah Watson – guitar David Williams – guitar Larry Williams – saxophone, flute Richard Heath – percussion Paulinho da Costa – percussion David Williams – guitar David "Hawk" Wolinski – Electric Piano Patti Austin – vocals Jim Gilstrap – vocals Augie Johnson – vocals Mortonette Jenkins – vocals Paulette Mc Williams – vocals Zedrick Williams – vocals Horn and string arrangements by Jerry Hey and performed by The Seawind Horns, Ben Wright, Johnny Mandel. [edit]Legacy

“	...the album that established him as an artist of astonishing talent and a bright star in his own right. This was a visionary album, a record that found a way to break disco wide open into a new world where the beat was undeniable. ” —Stephen Thomas Erlewine, Allmusic, [21] On October 16, 2001, a special edition reissue of Off the Wall was released by Sony Records.[21] The material found strong praise from critics more than 20 years after the original release. Allmusic gave the record a five star review, praising the record's disco-tinged funk and mainstream pop blend, along with Jackson's songwriting and Jones' crafty production.[21] The publication believed, "[Off the Wall] is an enormously fresh record, one that remains vibrant and giddily exciting years after its release".[21] In recent years Blender gave the record a full five star review stating that it was, "A blockbuster party LP that looked beyond funk to the future of dance music, and beyond soul ballads to the future of heart-tuggers—in fact, beyond R&B to color-blind pop. Hence, the forgivable Wings cover".[32] In 2003, the album was ranked number 68 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.[40] The National Association of Recording Merchandisers listed it at number 80 of the Definitive 200 Albums of All Time.[41] In 2004, Nelson George wrote of Jackson and his music, "the argument for his greatness in the recording studio begins with his arrangements of "Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough". The layers of percussion and the stacks of backing vocals, both artfully choreographed to create drama and ecstasy on the dance floor, still rock parties in the 21st century".[6] In 2008, Off the Wall was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. Grammy Awards Year	Nominated work	Award	Result 1980	"Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough"	Best Disco Recording	Nominated[42] "Don't Stop 'til You Get Enough"	Best R&B Vocal Performance - Male	Won[42] Grammy Hall of Fame Year	Nominated work	Award	Result 2008	Off the Wall	Album	Inducted[43] [edit]Sales

Region	Certification	Sales/shipments Australia (ARIA)[44]	5× Platinum	350,000^ Canada (Music Canada)[45]	Platinum	100,000^ France (SNEP)[46]	Platinum	300,000* Italy (FIMI)[47]	Gold	30,000* New Zealand (RIANZ)[48]	6× Platinum	90,000^ United Kingdom (BPI)[49]	Platinum	300,000^ United States (RIAA)[50]	8× Platinum	8,000,000^ Summaries World		20,000,000[28] ^shipments figures based on certification alone Bold text
 * sales figures based on certification alone