User talk:Mlb13/sandbox

The “Women in Ghana” page is part of the “Women In Society” series on Wikipedia. This page is important because it allows people from across the world to get a glimpse of what it is like to live as a woman in Ghana, a country known for lacking a lot of central capabilities. I want to portray an accurate picture for readers in the best way I can, and I want to provide factual, relevant, and non-biased information. This page needs to be revised for multiple reasons. It is currently written like an opinion essay, which is clearly visible from the banner at the top of the page stating that it has a Wikipedia editor’s personal feelings included in the article. Therefore, this page does not currently fit Wikipedia’s encyclopedia format. Additionally, the “Domestic Violence” and “Health” sections are quite sparse and need more information.

Outline: Contents Lead: Must be lengthened •1Politics The addition of a politics section will allow for a space where I can discuss how women in Ghana have participated in government historically and how they participate today. I want to start with this section because I think it will display some of the inequalities between men and women in Ghana. Specifically, I would like to cover Ghana’s promotion of women in politics with the “People’s Representation Bill of 1960,” how women are still under-represented in Ghana’s legislature today, and any current initiatives to get women more involved in politics. I am considering adding sub-sections such as “voting rights” or “Political History,” but this will depend on how much research is available and my overall workload. •2Family structure 1.1Marriage 1.2Familial roles 1.3Family size •3Education Although I will not be writing a new education section, I would like to add some information from an article I found. The article discusses gender preference for education. I would like to add a few sentences about how boys are the preferred gender for primary school enrollment. •4Employment •5Crimes Against Women This section will include an overview of the crimes committed against women in Ghana. I will include some statistics and general background knowledge. This section will not go too in depth, as I have divided each crime into a different sub-section and will write about those specific crimes in much more detail in that sub-section. 5.1 Domestic Violence This sub-section will replace the domestic violence section that is in the current article. I would like to write about the different forms of  domestic violence – physical, emotional, and sexual – but will mostly focus on physical violence. I will write about the factors that influence physical violence, social norms, and effects on women. If there is enough available research, I would also like to include information about any laws, policies, or movements around domestic violence. 5.2 Rape This section will focus on the crime of rape. It will include statistics from studies and information on the effects of rape on women. I will also discuss the issue of gang rape. Additionally, I would like to write about legislative action and any laws that are in place to protect women against rape. 5.2.1 Marital Rape 5.3 Female Genital Mutilation This section will discuss the prevalence of FGM, historically and currently, as well as reasons why Ghanaians practice FGM. From the research that I have done, it seems that FGM is not as prevalent in Ghana as other countries. If possible, I would like to discuss the reasons FGM has decreased. 5.4 Trafficking This section will focus on human trafficking in Ghana. Human trafficking is considered a crime, yet it is still prevalent. I will write about how sex work is seen as a female activity and is intertwined with trafficking. Additionally, I would like to talk about how young girls in Ghana are trafficked. Another aspect of this section will be about legislation that is in place against human trafficking. 5.5 Witch camps The witch camps section is already written in the current article. I will just move it into the “Crimes Against Women” section. I see this as a crime because placing women in camps due to mental illness is depriving them of their capabilities. •6Health I do not plan on rewriting the health sections. However, I would like to edit and add information from an article I found that relates to violence against women and health. The information from this article will fit best in the health section because media fails to recognize violence against women as a health issue. Therefore, this is a way in which women’s capabilities are being deprived. 6.1HIV/AIDS 6.2Maternal health 6.3Health insurance •7Women's rights 7.1Feminist efforts •8Notable figures •9References

Bibliography Addo, Owusu-Addo, Antoh, Sarpong, Obeng-Okrah, Annan. “Ghanian media coverage of violence against women and girls: implications for health promotion.” BMC Women’s Health (2018). 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-018-0621-1

Ako, Matilda Aberese, & Akweongo, Patricia. "The Limited Effectiveness of Legislation against Female Genital Mutilation and the Role of Community Beliefs in Upper East Region, Ghana." Reproductive Health Matters 17, no. 34 (2009): 47-54. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40647445.

Amoakohene, Margaret. “Violence against women in Ghana: a look at women’s perceptions and review of policy and social responses.” Social Science & Medicine 59, no. 11 (2004). 2373-2385. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953604001637?via%3Dihub

Ansah, Nancy. "Structural Relations of the Sex Trade and Its Link to Trafficking: The Case of Ghana." Agenda: Empowering Women for Gender Equity, no. 70 (2006): 100-06. http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy.rice.edu/stable/4066739.

Apusigah, Agnes & Adatuu, Roland. “Enhancing Women’s Political Fortunes in Ghana: Is a 50/50 Campaign Realistic?” Ghana Journal of Development Studies 14, no. 2 (2017). 43-62. doi: 10.4314/gjds.vl4i2.3

Archampong, Elizabeth & Sampson, Fiona. “Marital Rape in Ghana: Legal Options for Achieving State Accountability.” Canadian Journal of Women and the Law 22, no. 2 (2010). 506-534.https://muse-jhu-edu.ezproxy.rice.edu/article/409079/pdf

Aryee, Edna. “I was raped: The Psychological Effects of Rape Among Liberian & Ghanaian Women in Ghana.” Women’s Health & Urban Life 12, no. 1 (2013). 98-115. http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.rice.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=1&sid=4e1d97b4-cd43-4d6e-8b25-fe7fd8091150%40sessionmgr4007

Bukari, Apusigah, Abagre. “Affirmative Action as a Strategy for Promoting Women’s Participation in Politics in the Frafra Traditional Area of Ghana.” Ghana Journal of Development Studies 14, no. 2 (2017). 121-141. doi:10:4313/gids.vl4i2.7

Dzorgbo, Dan-Bright & Gyan, Sylvia. “Exploratory Study of the Current Status of the Rights and Welfare of Ghanaian Women: Taking Stock and Mapping Gaps for New Actions.” African Journal of Reproductive Health 20, no. 3 (2016). 136-148. http://www.bioline.org.br/pdf?rh16046

Lawrance, Benjamin. "From Child Labor "Problem" to Human Trafficking "Crisis": Child Advocacy and Anti-Trafficking Legislation in Ghana." International Labor and Working-Class History, no. 78 (2010): 63-88. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40931304.

Mahama, Tia & Nkegbe, Paul. “Gender Preference in Primary School Enrollment among Households in Northern Region, Ghana.” Ghana Journal of Development Studies 14, no. 1 (2017). 60-78. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/gjds/article/view/156471/146082

Musah, Baba Iddrisu & Gariba, Ibrahim. “Women and Political Decision Making: Perspectives from Ghana’s Parliament.” Journal of Alternative Perspectives in the Social Sciences 5, no. 3 (2013). 443-476. http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.rice.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=1&sid=0d38bd22-6ce2-432d-b4b9-575d1dea4624%40pdc-v-sessmgr04

Osei-Tutu, Ellen & Ampadu, Ernest. “Domestic Violence against Women in Ghana: The Attitudes of Men toward Wife-Beating.” Journal of International Women’s Studies 18, no. 4 (2017). 106-116. http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.rice.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=3&sid=05c23b32-6f64-4179-b19d-722be93d6014%40pdc-v-sessmgr05

Owusu Adhah, Ebenezer & Agbemafle, Isaac. “Determinants of domestic violence against women in Ghana.” BMC Public Health (2016). 1-9. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186%2Fs12889-016-3041-x.pdf

Quarshie, Davies, Badasu, Tagoe, Otoo, Afriyie. “Multiple perpetrator rape in Ghana: offenders, victims and offence characteristics.” Journal of Sexual Aggression 24, no. 1 (2017). 125-141. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13552600.2017.1378024?scroll=top&needAccess=true

Sakeah, Doctor, Hodgson. “Factors associated with males’ intention to circumcise their daughters in northern Ghana.” Journal of Social Development in Africa 22, no. 1 (2007). 71-88. http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.rice.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=1&sid=bc52b67d-6e42-47d5-90fb-b5cd329f5eaa%40sessionmgr4006

Tenkorang, Owusu, Yeboah, Bannerman. “Factors Influencing Domestic and Marital Violence against Women in Ghana.” Journal of Family Violence 28, no. 8 (2013). 771-781. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10896-013-9543-8

Mlb13 (talk) 16:43, 25 September 2018 (UTC)