User talk:Murish Pat

The Concept of Facilitating an Exchange Marketing is a broad concept that includes the processes involved in identifying, classifying and facilitating interaction between sellers and customers for sale to be achieved. Marketing exchange is made when a seller and a buyer meet. The two parties focus on getting utility for what they have to offer. In this case, the seller receives more value for the resources sold while the buyer gets satisfaction. The two have to use less value than what they receive in their transaction for satisfaction. The concept of facilitating an exchange tends to make marketing universal because it works for all products and services. Any sale involves the exchange of goods and services for the value. The seller and the buyer of any product and service focus on getting value which is more than the initial status (Hunt & Kiefer, 2017). In this regard, it is crucial to explore marketing and understand the relationship involves in the exchange process. Marketing is confused to mean mere selling and advertising of products. Such a view is limiting because the concept of marketing revolves many issues. For instance, marketing is intended to help a business reach out to customers and make a relationship that will flourish the business. As established by Rahman and Kuzminov (2019), the process involves investing in 4Ps which look into the product, price, place and promotion of a product or service to create a lasting 4elationship with prospective customers. Apart from advertising business is expected to create a brand that attracts customers and meet their needs. A marketing concept must incorporate tools such as promotion, distribution, and selling of products and services to be effective. Therefore, the concept of facilitating exchange and marketing does not only revolve around buying, selling, and reaching out to customers for sale. Instead, it incorporates relationship and network building to promote a brand and make sales.

References Hunt, R. A., & Kiefer, K. (2017). The entrepreneurship industry: Influences of the goods and services marketed to entrepreneurs. Journal of Small Business Management, 55, 231-255. Rahman, M. M., & Kuzminov, A. N. (2019). MARKETING MIX AS A SOURCE OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF MARKETING ACTIVITY.

Treating Hazards Chemical in Oil and Gas Industries
Treating Hazards Chemical in Oil and Gas Industries Changing the Current Procurement Philosophy The iron triangle is a political term that is often used to mean a symbiotic relationship in the government. The iron triangle consists of the congress, the bureaucrats, and the interested parties that may include the lobby groups. The iron triangle ensures the three entities mutually benefit from each other in all sectors of the government. Therefore, each group will perform actions that will eventually benefit the other two parties of the triangle. As a result, the three parties form a strong bond and a lasting relationship. One of the significant solutions towards the problem in this study is to minimize the use of chemicals and oil and shift to natural gases and natural chemicals. These products may not be as powerful as oil, but they affect the environment. However, the iron triangle may or may not abide by this idea. A significant example is one of the following scenarios. Suppose there is a bureaucrat in the department of energy who manages oil and chemical products from all over the country’s industries. In his department, the bureaucrat wishes to ensure that funding is done to the department so that his sector cannot fail (Mochal, 2013). The bureaucrat must work collaboratively with the congressman who wishes to be re-elected and be known to be a hero in the fuel industry or the environment. This would give the congressman a popular perspective. The lobby man would ensure that he gets legislative bills, and his company is always funded. To achieve this, he needs the aid of the congressman and the bureaucrat as well. All three parties must ensure that they support one another so that they can achieve their goals. However, the chemicals and oil wastes produce substances that become hazardous to the environment. The bureaucrat supports the congressman’s and the lobby man’s interest to ensure that his department is ever funded. But, if his sector is funded, then this means that the industries will grow, employment jobs will be created, and oil and chemical refuse will increase. The best alternative would be to reach out to the bureaucrat individual and convince him to change course from the oil and chemical industry to natural gases and chemical products in the energy department. Such a change might be difficult, but it would be well supported by the citizens of the country and environmentalists (ieduNote, 2017). Once the congressman gets re-elected, the bureaucrat member will have proper funding to ensure that his department works well. Shifting the risk to the vendor and hiring parties who help in dealing with waste chemical products will incur costs to the organization and the government. There are legal terms and conditions to adhere to before such risks and decisions are made. The vendor has to have been given a notice of at least ten days before the termination of the contract or change of purchase. In most countries such as India, African countries, and the USA, the vendor is given a notice of 14 days before the termination of the contract or change of purchase (ieduNote, 2017). Another legal term that must be put into consideration is that the vendor and the purchaser must agree and make a binding agreement on paper on their sales and purchases. In this regard, both parties must agree before any transactions are made. However, if the purchaser wishes to change the vendor to a new one who can manage waste products, then they must get the current vendor to sign an agreement with the purchaser of termination of products and purchases. This includes clearing off debts and other pending purchases so that the vendor may sign off his previous agreement with the purchaser. This legal measure ensures that the purchaser and the vendor agree to end their previous engagement, and no more purchases and shipments are done. (ieduNote, 2017). The government body must handle any disputes that arise due to vendor shifting and risks shifting in place. The two parties must attend court hearings and submit their agreement documents and terms. The government body will clear pending arguments and offer advice to both parties. This means that neither of the parties should handle pending issues illegally that may, in one way or the other damage the, injure or affect the other party (Nagi, 2014). Besides, the buyer will not be legible for any failure of work that arises from disputes caused by the vendors. If the vendor agrees to undertake in a risk situation, then the parties involved must agree and sign a contract with the purchaser. Therefore, if the vendors fail to adhere to the terms and conditions stipulated in the contract, then they are legible for punishment and law enforcement. Changing vendors always incur costs, especially when some legal standards and measures have to be taken. Moreover, hiring a new vendor and “jumpstarting” the business once more is also costly and may require extra capital to ensure the success of the business. Such sentiments are based on the understanding that fuel and chemical products are widely used. The act of shifting from a vendor that supplies oil to one that cares about managing waste chemicals means that the organization may be hiring a vendor who will supply natural chemicals. The newly hired vendor may incur more costs on how to use their products safely without harming the environment. There are several ways in which one can manage new contracts effectively. To begin with, one needs to identify their requirements, needs, goals, and expectations. I would need to go through the binding document and identify all their requirements and what the contracts need to begin work. This will enable me to plan effectively for them and prepare a budget that is favorable for the organization so that they can be able to realize their goals. Also, it would seem necessary to identify risks and challenges. Such include what they lack and what they expect to be their biggest problem while working with the organization. It would ensure that I can be able to align these problems in advance and make all the necessary arrangements to ensure that proper measures have been taken to prevent challenges from happening. In addition, I would ensure that the new contracts have a welcoming environment that even though the challenges would be there, I would be present to ensure that they are dealt with effectively. The next step is to communicate with the author(s) of the contract and get their view on how well the contract will be effectively adhered to and executed (Riley, 2019). Communicating with the authors gives me a clear insight into the individuals I will be working with. In addition, negotiation is a key aspect that is needed to ensure that I can communicate effectively and agree on favorable conditions before the contract is executed and signed on. Negotiation reduces risks and ensures that the organization does not extend its resources too much to a contract that may or may not work. Strategy for making and implementing changes Once the strategies have been highlighted, then implementation is necessary. The Mendelow's matrix is often used by a company to identify the attitude of various stakeholders before the project commences. A stakeholder is one that has an interest in the project at hand. Normally different stakeholders have a different view of a project. They may have different tastes, requirements, and views of what the project should do and if it should be accepted or not. These different views may lead to conflicts. Therefore, in this case, it is important to utilize the Mendelow matrix to implement the changes and recommendations highlighted. Mendelow's matrix is used to analyze different views of the conflicting parties. In this regard, the matrix will ensure that conflicts that may arise from the party's' attitudes are neutralized. The matrix ensures that the level of interest of every stakeholder is taken into consideration, and their different strategies are noted (Riley, 2019). This enables the group involved in implementing the changes to understand and review their strategies to identify whether they can be used or not and whether their different views can affect the changes posed on the project. Mendelow's matrix has four boxes. The first one is of high interest and high power. This group is normally considered the greatest influence on the daily routines of the organization. They influence the organization, its regulations, and its rules. This means that they have the power to stop or change the project and any other work within the organization. Therefore, presenting the implementing strategy to this group would increase the influence and workability of the idea in case it is accepted. Moreover, the group will provide funding and other additional requirements to the strategies if at all, they seem worthy to be utilized. Their views are supreme and may affect the acceptance and overall implementation of the strategies. The second box consists of a group of managers who have high interest and low power. The group has an interest in what the project is all about, and members are likely able to support the working of the project and its implementing strategies. However, they do not have the power to implement or fund the strategies or recommendations made. Posing the strategies to this team will give the members that proposed these strategies motivation and a chance to work on implementing the strategies. Their views support the project and have additional implementations that may be included in the recommendations provided. In addition, they support the recommendations completely. However, if members are likely to team up with those who are interested and have power, then the strategies could be implemented and used in the working of the organization. The third box consists of individuals who have low interests in the project but are highly influential. This means that they have the executive power of the managerial team of the organization. Their views will criticize the working of the stipulated strategies and why they are not likely to succeed. They have the power that makes them influential towards the decisions and implementations made in the organization. Therefore, the group has a higher influential power like those who have an interest, and members have power (Riley, 2019). Presenting the project implementation ideas to this group will provide the proposing team with criticism that is likely to affect the organization negatively. Their views will help the proposing individual or team to mend their flaws and look for lasting solutions towards their recommendation ideas. Also, they have the power to either discard or accept the proposals of recommendations in case they are influenced well. The last box consists of members who have low interest and low power. This group consists mostly of employees and workers of the organization. Although they have minimal influence on the working of the project, their views are highly necessary. Providing this group with the recommendation ideas and strategic approach will enable the proposing team to identify why they feel that it is not necessary and what can be done to make it better. They may not be very influential, but most of them are the ones to implement the strategies in the organization and use them towards curbing chemical hazards. The four main leadership behaviors

A.	Directive leadership This type of leadership involves a leader clearly identifying the objectives and the rules for the team to follow. This type of leadership is categorized by extreme authority and respect towards the leader's rules and authoritative order. The leader ensures that the subordinate group clearly understands the directions and the goals stipulated and what has to be done to realize them (ieduNote, 2017). The leader may be advisable when the organizational team is unskilled or inexperienced but seem competent to perform the task. The leadership is crucial when the implementation strategies are new to the organizational members. B.  Supportive leadership Out of all the leadership types, supportive leadership is a type of leadership whereby the leader organizes and advises his subordinates on what they are supposed to do. This is often on a step by step approach. The leader does not actually delegate tasks on what is expected of the organizational members. Instead, the leader guides the subordinate members slowly from the start until the goal has been realized (Riley, 2019). The major positive effect of this type of leadership is that the manager works hand in hand with the employee and thus improving the employee's confidence, skill, and ability to handle tasks under pressure. In my point, I believe this can work best towards implementing changes that can mitigate chemical hazards. C.   Participative leadership This is a type of leadership where the employees are given a chance to have input and work on almost all sectors of the institution. This type of leadership slows down the decision making process. However, the employees and the supervisors have an insight of all operations that happen within the organization (Blickenstaff, 2012). The supervisors and employees have a chance to understand the implementation and the changes made in each of the sectors of the organization. In addition, they have a chance to work with the implementation team and have their views and opinions taken into consideration (STU online, 2018). However, in a situation to curb chemical hazards, this form of leadership may be unfit and unwelcoming to both the employees and the management. D.   Achievement (oriented) leadership This is a type of leadership whereby the leader exposes the employees and his managerial team to challenging scenarios that make them work towards solving these situations. The leaders then sit back and watch their employees crack and solve problems and challenging scenarios. Therefore, the leader expects his subjects to perform their best and put in their highest level of confidence so that they can achieve the result and the ultimate goal. This leadership can be implemented in chemical manufacturing industries to make sure that employees can solve the challenges at hand (West, 2019). This means that the leader can pose a chemical hazard situation and make employees and other organizational members find solutions towards managing this situation. Recommended strategy Strategies that can be implemented to prevent and mitigate life-threatening chemical hazards are as follows. The short term strategies are likely the first choice and the best options for a hazardous environment. First, the surrounding residence must be educated on the effects of the chemical wastes being released from these industries (Wissal, Belllili, & Mnif, 2016). This enables them to take precautions and possibly wear protective clothing while walking around the affected areas or handling products. Also, both the employees, workers, and surrounding individuals must avoid inhaling the poisonous chemicals, and ingestion, as well as skin contact with these chemicals or areas, spilled with harmful substances. The management must attempt to label chemicals correctly to prevent accidents that may arise from poor handling. Poisonous hazardous chemicals must be labeled correctly before transportation, use, transfer, or disposals. The measures ensure that such dangerous chemicals do not harm living creatures in water bodies or soil. Besides, the chemicals cannot harm human beings in cases where the containers were labeled wrongly during operations. The chemicals must always be locked safely and stored out of reach of infants, animals, or moving objects. The disposal of chemicals should be handled with care. Chemical wastes should not be disposed of anywhere near residential areas or water bodies. Lastly, all those handling the chemicals should ensure that they wear protective gear before touching the substances. The long term strategies to manage chemicals are crucial. There must be an influence of both administrative and governmental control. These rules should touch the suppliers, the procedures being used, training, and protective measures being taken against the materials. Administrative and governmental law enforcement should ensure that chemicals are handled properly, labeled correctly, and always used in the right manner at all times (Rajant, 2017). Any remaining risks or danger must be addressed through administrative controls or government laws. Also, the company can consider going organic. This may be tough, especially for Qatar Gas Company. But eventually, going organic and being creative levies the company from a lot of risks and hazardous situations they have to handle. The act of avoiding dumping chemical wastes randomly on residential areas, vegetation, soil, or water is another long term strategy that can be deployed. Many chemical producing organizations find it difficult to treat their wastes before release because of incurring extra cost. Besides, some companies already have structural measures that make them dump wastes on the water at their own pleasures. Avoiding such practices is a long term strategy that is beneficial to every individual and living thing in the long run (Benz, 2015). The last strategy in this category is safety training. This training is offered to the employees of the organization on how they can protect themselves from hazardous situations in the company. The environment can be protected by treating wastes before dumping them. The implementation may be tough and hard to follow. This is because it needs a lot of co-operation and patience to realize an environment that is chemical free and safe for use. In addition, implementation comes at a cost. In this scenario, the cost is sacrificing what has been the norm to a safer method of producing fuel and one that does not harm the environment. This can mean leaving the production of chemicals and fuel completely and using organic, natural chemicals or treating wastes before disposal (WHO, 2017). The benefits of this strategy include realizing an eco-friendly environment that is free from chemical hazardous wastes, happy employees, and the surrounding neighborhood, and lastly, an improving nation that protects its environment.

Implementation plan There are a number of activities that have to be prioritized to realize the implementation strategy successfully. Some of the strategies that need to be prioritized are essential to be discussed. For instance, the organization must set aside necessary infrastructures for the same purpose. Some of such infrastructure includes protective gear, medicinal treatment for industrial wastes, and resources to build overflow systems of wastes to safe locations (Concordnow, 2017). The second item to be prioritized in coordination with the government. This includes communicating and talking about necessary labor enforcements, resources required, and other materials that are needed. The next implementation strategy is the training of the employees and the people around them. This is a vital element that is required to ensure that employees and the surrounding neighborhood understand the effects of chemical hazards and how they can be avoided for hazard mitigation. The training enables employees to use protective gear while working and how to take care of oneself in case one has inhaled toxic chemicals. The next implementation that needs to be prioritized is ensuring that the overall goal has been achieved and is evaluated. This means that the individuals responsible for overseeing the development of the process must ensure that their subordinates must work hand in hand to use resources wisely. Also, they must be able to work collaboratively and realize a greater goal than the one they were set out to perform. The resources that are to be available in the implementation plan would be the following. The crew needs protective gear to explore and work in hazardous conditions without worrying about health effects. Employees must also be provided with sewage and waste treatment chemicals to ensure that all their wastes are treated before disposal to prevent contamination of the environment, human beings, and other living creatures. Additionally, enough finances should be allocated. This would enable the team to look for materials that are insufficient to complete the task. Lastly, they must have access to waste repository areas and other chemical products to be able to work with them effectively and label them as well. The challenges the team might face are varying. For instance, the team may find the environment or the working conditions non-cooperative with their work. This kind of neglect and resistance might influence their productivity. Another challenge would be the lack of access to proper working materials (Bussiness Queen's island, 2016). Insufficient working materials may cause anxiety and drop the self-esteem of the individuals working in these areas. Challenges and limitations influence the productivity and output of individuals. Current issue with chemicals in Qatar Gas One cannot be sure of what hurt them until they realize it. Therefore, one cannot be sure of what they have been exposed to that harms them until they are educated on possible causes of their problems. It is important to ensure that people know what they are exposed to in their daily lives to keep off from harmful chemicals that might endanger their lives. Some of these answers can help them prepare for problems that come along with it. As a result, the affected people become aware and educated on the subject matter, especially when it comes to toxic substances. Understanding in-depth what toxic substances are and how chemical hazards can affect the environment and one’s health can help in curbing the effects and prepare for them adequately. A toxic substance is anything that is poisonous and causes unwelcoming health issues and problems that are often deadly. Normally, people are only concerned about the waste products that they understand. The deadly one that many people know of is the PCB, and it is located in waste sites. However, they are not aware that other toxic substances are caused by chemicals that cannot be easily noticed or pointed out in waste sites. Some of these substances may be located in the air or water bodies or in the food human beings consume. The “unknown” toxic chemicals may be more poisonous than the ones witnessed at wastes sites. This makes people more vigilant and careful while interacting with chemical products or walking near chemical hazards. Qatar is one of the leading countries in chemical and oil production. The country has quite many industries that are very profitable in producing oil and chemical products for the public to use. However, oil and chemical wastes and its manufacture make it dangerous and non-friendly to the employees working at the site and the surrounding neighborhood. The chemicals produced at the factories in Qatar are highly toxic and hazardous (Nagi, 2014). They result in a number of illnesses and health complications. In addition, they affect the environment that includes other living creatures both on land and in water. A research done by WHO elaborates that Qatar has the leading chemical and oil waste releases. The situation is serious in the sense that such chemicals are short-lived. What makes a chemical poisonous and highly toxic is their level of toxicity. Some of these chemicals contaminate the air. If the chemicals are short-lived, they will cause a great deal of damage to the atmosphere and depletion of the ozone layer in a matter of months (Mochal, 2013). This study elaborated that Qatar is inclusive of countries with short-lived chemicals. Short-lived chemicals are highly poisonous and toxic. If they are inhaled, they cause immediate respiratory problems and can lead to health complications if they are not dealt with immediately. If they are ingested by both animals and plants, they can cause death in a short while. In addition to these, short-lived chemicals are always on “the front raw” when it comes to health problems. This argument is because, other than the ones mentioned, contamination by short-lived chemicals leads to the following diseases. An infected person can experience burns and vomiting or nausea. Also, they may lead to diarrhea and breathing problems. In large amounts of exposure, it can lead to organ failures, damaged organs, and even death. Some of these short-lived chemicals are highly unstable as they are extremely toxic; thus, they should be stored away from people and in a well build stores. Some explode when exposed to heat or pressure in their surrounding environment. Also, some burn or react easily when they come into contact with other chemicals. This is because they are highly unstable and volatile. When these toxic chemicals mix and explode or burn with other chemicals or substances, they are likely to produce a less toxic substance or a more toxic substance, which might bring about unexpected results if the chemicals are to be used in producing products. In addition to these problems, Qatar does not have enough storage area for these chemicals. The situation leads to open or weak storage of chemicals. If highly toxic chemicals are not stored properly, they can cause contamination and health issues, especially through skin contact. Without a clear storage space, they cannot manage their chemicals well. This may also lead to a number of accidents and unwanted problems that may arise due to the mishandling of chemical substances. Lack of storage space may be a leading problem in an organization that needs to be addressed immediately before errors arise. For example, due to lack of proper storage space, an employee might mix chemicals that are not supposed to mix, or in the store, these chemicals may accidentally mix, which may cause accidents. This may cause transfer and shipping errors or accidents if these chemicals react with each other. Also, because Qatar does not have enough storage space, this means that it cannot renew and get a new license to continue working on their products. This makes it illegal and exposes law enforcement. Qatar storage areas have different sites to store and retrieve chemicals. Each of these warehouses has different procedures for acquiring and returning chemicals and oil products. This means that the gas industries have to undergo a number of procedures and regulations before they can acquire what they need and be served properly. This results in time wastage and improper handling of products in Qatar. Therefore, many of Qatar warehouses are difficult to access and difficult to manage. Possible mitigation plan There are four possible mitigation plans underway to prevent such challenges from recurring within the industries in Qatar. For instance, Qatar must have one single centralized warehouse. This provides convenient access, ease of accessibility, and one procedure for acquiring products (Abrahamson, 1995). A company with a centralized warehouse has a number of advantages over those that have multiple warehouses with different procedures for access. A centralized warehouse provides the organization with a sense of ownership. This is because when the company receives products from other organizations, they store them in a single warehouse that acts as a primary repository and access point of all the company’s resources. Moreover, the centralized warehouse makes it easier for the company to access its resources and account for each one of them with ease. If the organization has multiple warehouses with different procedures, accessing its resources and records would be difficult. This is because it would lead to redundancy of data, data inconsistency and loss of data among other problems Secondly, Qatar industries must ensure that before six months of expiry day, the end-user must be notified to verify with the manufacturer and supplier if the material can be stored and used in the future even after the expiry date. This is often a legal or ethical practice that is undertaken to ensure that the buyer or the user cannot file charges against the company for stealing and deception. Notifying the users of the expiry date prior to the expiry date enables the, to be prepared and ensure that they can make arrangements to use the product before the expiry date or choose not to purchase it if they would not wish for it to expire before fully consuming it. Moreover, it enables the user to understand if the product can be used even after expiry and its effects. It is a good practice to ensure that customers have access to expiry dates of the products they purchase before acquiring them. A recommended practice would be to attach the expiry dates as labels on the containers holding the product. The consumer would see the labels and plan on whether or not to purchase the item. Another possible mitigation plan would be to standardize the disposal criteria and follow government policy for obtaining required approval for disposing of the chemicals. Adhering to the rules and regulations of a given governmental institution is the best practice an organization can undertake. This is because it minimizes problems with the government body and ensures that they can attain certificates of permit. Lastly, Qatar industries must learn on proper methods of disposal and consider possible criteria that do not affect the environment, such as weather for each category of a chemical, air condition warehouse, and proper ventilation. Proper methods of disposal of waste products include treatment before duping into sewages or treated water firms. In addition, another method of waste disposal would be recycling and reusing the chemical wastes as chemical resources that can be used to produce different and better products.