User talk:Nazish aiman

Nazish aiman (talk) 14:01, 3 December 2012 (UTC)THE EFFECTS OF WAL-MART IN INDIA We estimate the effects of wal-mart stores on country-level retail employment and earnings,accounting for endogeneity of the location and timing of the wal-mart openings that most likely biases the evidence against finding adverse effects of wal-mart stores.we address the endogeneity problem using a natural instrumental variables approach that arises from the geographic and time pattern of the opening of wal-mart stores,which slowly spread out from the first stores in arkansas. The employment results indicate that a wal-mart store opening reduces country-level retail employment by about 150 workers,implying that each wal-mart worker replaces approximately 1.4 retail workers. This represents a 2.7% reduction in average ratail employment.The payroll results indicate that wal-mart store openings lead to declines in country-level retail earnings of about $1.4 million or 1.5%. Of course, these effects occured against a backdrop of rising retail employment, and only imply lower retail employment growth than would have occured absent the effects of wal-

Nazish aiman (talk) 16:10, 3 December 2012 (UTC)CHALLENGES OF WAL-MART IN INDIA: 1.The first challenge facing the wal-mart is competition from unorganised sector. 2.The tax structure in india favours small retail business. wal-mart has to pay huge taxes,which is negligible for small retail business,thus the business operations is very high in india. 3.The status of wal-mart will depend mostly on external factors like government regulations and policies and real estate prices,besides the activities of retailers and customers also show impact on wal-mart. 4.Wal-mart may face a difficult time in attracting customers from traditional kirana stores,especially in the food and grocery segment.

Nazish aiman (talk) 16:24, 4 December 2012 (UTC)WAL-MARTIZATION OF INDIA: A THREAT TO ECONOMY,ECOLOGY AND DEMOCRACY 1.independent stores will close,leading to massive job losses. walmart employs very few people. if allowed to expand in india as much as walmart has expanded in the united states,few thousand jobs may be created but millions will be lost. 2.walmart's efficiency at supply chain management leads to "direct" procurement of goods from the supplier.in addition to eliminaiting the "middle-man", due to its status as the leading retailer,suppliers of goods also bend over backwards to drop prices in order to assure consistent cashflow.there is the fear that this may not benifit the farmer,or the suppliers of walmart. 3.in all of the countries walmart has set up shop it has put other retailers out of business and driven down wages. walmart has clearly defined anti-union policy aimed at preventing its workforce from gaining any collective bargaining power. which could result in increased wages,covered health benifits and job security. many reports have been written documenting the economic and eventual social and environmental degradation which occurs when walmart "comes to town" 4.when walmart is competiting with local organised retailers in india, profits in the domestic industries fall,leading to fall in domestic savings. 5.As walmart is located in urban areas,they create imbalances between rural and urban opportunities,accelerating flow of rural population to urban areas 6.continuous outflow of profits is too large in walmart,putting pressure on foriegn exchange reserves. they are very particular about profit repatriation facilities. 7.walmart displace diversity,quality and taste and replace it with uniformity,quantity and appearance. as'to ensure timely delivery to numerous retail outlets,companies like walmart prefer to buy large amounts to products meeting uniform standards from a limited number of supplies. the contracts are often designed in a way that allowes retailers to place orders on very short notice,refuse products for quality reasons and pay several months after delivery, thereby cap turning value while passing business risks to suppliers and farms. "big retailers goes hand in hand with big agriculture. there is no place for small farmers in a walmart world. 8.walmartisation of indian agriculture will create more poverty for our people. it will also leave india poorer as a culture and civilazation,in which the reel free trade takes place face to face on our streets and in our haats and bazaars. box stores and hyper markets will rob india of her diversity and decentralised economy,which is the source of our resilence and real wealth of the people.

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