User talk:Nehamalhotra805/sandbox

One of the major effects of alcohol consumption during pregnancy is Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders(FASDs). Of which, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome(FAS) is the most severe form. It is shown that small amounts of alcohol consumed during pregnancy does not show any health related issues in the face, but behavioral issues can be seen.

The alcohol consumed by the women during pregnancy can cross over to the fetus via the placenta. The alcohol that enters a developing fetus is more concentrated and is processed differently than adults. The alcohol has an effect on the nutrition and oxygen that is vital for the development of the fetus' organs.

There is a wide range of symptoms seen in persons suffering from FASDs which include: •	Abnormal facial features, such as a smooth ridge between the nose and upper lip (this ridge is called the philtrum) •	Small head size •	Shorter-than-average height •	Low body weight •	Poor coordination •	Hyperactive behavior •	Difficulty with attention •	Poor memory •	Difficulty in school (especially with math) •	Learning disabilities •	Speech and language delays •	Intellectual disability or low IQ •	Poor reasoning and judgment skills •	Sleep and sucking problems as a baby •	Vision or hearing problems •	Problems with the heart, kidneys, or bones

There are four types of FASDs depending on the symptoms: (1) Fetal Alcohol Syndrome(FAS) (2) Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder(ARND) (3) Alcohol-Related Birth Defects(ARBD) (4) Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure(ND-PAE)

There are three approaches to treatment of FAS: (1) At Home- A stable and loving home along with a regular routine, simple rules to follow and where rewards are given for positive behavior is a good environment for children with FAS. (2) Medications- Medications are used to specifically treat symptoms of FASDs and not FAS entirely. Some of the medications used are antidepressants, stimulants, neuroleptics and anti-anxiety drugs. (3) Counseling- Children with FAS benefit from behavioral and functional training, social skill training and tutoring. Support groups and talk therapy not only help the children suffering from FAS, but also help the parents and siblings of these children.