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Article Evaluation

 * 1) Everything in article is relevant but some of the skipping rhymes were repetitive, some seemed like they were randomly placed in there
 * 2) The most recent article cited is from 2017. It's current but more could be found in the one year gap
 * 3) There isn't much history to back up the article, more could be found and edited.
 * 4) There's no bias seen
 * 5) There's no real viewpoint to it, very neutral and meant to be informative
 * 6) This article has neutral sources but some sources are from".com" websites so some might not be as reputable as others.
 * 7) People on the talk page are criticizing its references and some of the credibility

Edited History, Source Material, and some inaccurate citations/deleted information without citations — Preceding unsigned comment added by Rkshort (talk • contribs) 00:15, 5 November 2018 (UTC)

Editing Wikipedia Article
A skipping rhyme (occasionally skipping-rope rhyme or jump-rope rhyme), is a rhyme chanted by children while skipping. Such rhymes have been recorded in all cultures where skipping is played. Examples of English-language rhymes have been found going back to at least the 17th century. Like most folklore, skipping rhymes tend to be found in many different variations. The article includes those chants used by English speaking children.

History

Early Rope Makers were from China, but the game "jump rope" originated in the Netherlands.

Explorers reported seeing aborigines jumping with vines in the 16th century. European boys started jumping rope in the early 17th century. The activity was considered indecent for girls because they might show their ankles. There were no associated chants. This changed in the early 18th century. Girls began to jump rope. They added the chants, owned the rope, controlled the game, and decided who participated.

In the United States, domination of the activity by girls occurred when their families moved into the cities in the late 19th century. There, they found sidewalks and other smooth surfaces conducive to jumping rope, along with a host of contemporaries. In the 17th century, it was more of a boys game among Dutch Settlers (hene Double Dutch)

Another source suggests that, prior to 1833, the invention of pantaloons, enabled girls to jump rope without displaying ankles.

Chants are intended to structure the game and are secondary, explaining the nonsense or irrational lyrics. These chants are unusual inasmuch as they were transmitted from child to child usually without an underlying reason, as opposed to nursery rhymes which were transmitted from adult to child and often contained a moral. Chants may contain girlish references to boyfriends or marriage.

Examples of chants

Two girls with a long rope stood about 12 feet (3.7 m) apart and turned the rope as other children took turns jumping. If one were not a good jumper, one would be an 'Ever-Laster,' that is, one would perpetually turn the rope. When it was a child's turn to jump, she would enter as the rope turned, and jump to the rhyme until she missed. Then she would become a rope-turner, and the next child in line would take her place.

Jump in, jump out

For a line of potential jumpers, the jumpers were restricted on time by the length of the chant/ They jumped in at the beginning, jumped out at the end and the next jumper took their turn.

Charlie Chaplin went to France To teach the ladies how to dance. First the heel, then the toe, Then the splits, and around you go! Salute to the Captain, Bow to the Queen, And turn your back on the Nazi submarine!

Another counting rhyme:

Cinderella dressed in yellow, went upstairs (or downstairs) to kiss her fellow, by mistake kissed a snake, how many doctors will it take? 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 etc. (Go to 20 then go down to the next line) Cinderella dressed in blue, went upstairs to tie her shoe, made a mistake and tied a knot, how many knots will she make? 1, 2, 3, etc. Cinderella dressed in green, went downtown to buy a ring, made a mistake and bought a fake, how many days before it breaks? 1, 2, 3, etc. Cinderella dressed in lace, went upstairs to fix her face, oh no oh no, she found a blemish, how many powder puffs till she's finished? 1, 2, 3, etc. Cinderella dressed in silk, went outside to get some milk, made a mistake and fell in the lake, how many more till she gets a break? 1, 2, 3, etc.

The counting continues as long as the jumper avoids faulting. If they do then the counting starts again.:

Miscellaneous Skipping rhymes need not always have to be rhymes, however. They can be games, such as a game called, "School." In "Kindergarten" (the first round), all skippers must run through rope without skipping. In "First Grade", all skippers must skip in, skip once, and skip out without getting caught in the rope, and so on. Also, there is "Mouse Trap", where there is a special pattern, and players must run through rope without getting caught. If caught, the jumper caught must hold the rope. "Diamonds" pattern (the letters spelling "Diamond" are chanted)

Chinese jump rope patterns are often accompanied by chants. The diamonds pattern is accompanied by the letters which spell "diamond" ("D-I-A-M-O-N-D-S."), while the Americans pattern, as are many patterns, is accompanied by the names of the moves made while carrying out the pattern ("right, left, right, left, in, out/open, in, on.").

Speed rhymes

Some rhymes are intended to test the agility of the jumper by turning the rope more rapidly. The key word to start turning fast is often "pepper" to indicate speed, such as:

Mable, Mable, Set the table, Don't forget the salt, Vinegar, Mustard, Pepper! (rapid turning follows) When "RED HOT PEPPERS" was called, the turners would turn the rope as fast as they could. Pretty Little Dutch Girl Main article: Pretty Little Dutch Girl

"Pretty Little Dutch Girl" was a lengthy song, much too long for a simple chant, but often excerpted for jumping rope. "My husband's name is Fatty. He comes from Cincinnati." Or alphabetical, "My husband's name is Alfred, He comes from Atlanta, He works in the attic.." All made up on the spur of the moment. The jumper may be obliged to jump out upon finishing a letter, or be allowed to continue until either failing to invent new lyrics, or faulting.

Historical rhymes

Other rhymes are highly topical, and sometimes survive long after the events that inspired them have disappeared from the headlines. Perhaps the most notorious rhyme of this type is one that began circulating during the 1892 trial of Lizzie Borden. Despite Lizzie's desire to stay out of the public eye, children would follow her around and chant the rhyme. It later started being used as a rhyme used when skipping-rope:

Lizzie Borden took an axe She gave her mother forty whacks, After she saw what she had done, She gave her father forty-one. Lizzie Borden got away, For her crime she did not pay. Variations of this following rhyme, a wordplay on "influenza," were heard around the time of the 1918 flu pandemic: I had a little bird, And its name was Enza. I opened the window And in-flew-enza.

Robert-Shaw, Scott. "The History of Skipping". Retrieved December 6, 2017.

"The Jump Rope Book". HistoricalFolkToys.com. 1996. Retrieved November 2, 2016.

""Jumping Rope [Advice Book]," in Children and Youth in History, Item #340". Chnm.gmu.edu. 1833. Retrieved November 2, 2016.

"Jump rope rhyme". Encyclopædia Britannica. December 7, 2015. Retrieved November 2, 2016.

Matt Hopkins (July 5, 2014). "The Great List of Jump Rope Rhymes & Skipping Songs". buyjumpropes.net. Retrieved November 2, 2016.

Reid, L.M. (2010). [www.hubpages.com/hub/World-War-Two-the-Emergency-Ration-books-in-Stoneybatter-Dublin-7-Ireland "Remembering Rationing and Bombs during World War Two in Dublin Ireland"] Check |url= value (help). Hubpages.com. Retrieved 2011-03-18. Yes we had a rhyme we sang when we played skipping out in the street. It was about the gas rationing and the glimmer.

"Search results for 'home'" in The James T. Callow Folklore Archive, at Research.UDMercy.edu. Accessed: December 6, 2017.

"All Jump Rope Rhymes", Mudcat.org. Accessed: December 6, 2017.

Adam Selzer (December 17, 2009). "Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear: The Long History of a Jump Rope Rhyme". PlaygroundJungle.com. Retrieved November 2, 2016.

The British Library. "Skipping games - Cinderella, dressed in yellow". Playtimes. The British Library (BL.uk). Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2012.

Horowitz, Gayle L. (2009). International Games: Building Skills Through Multicultural Play, p.70. Human Kinetics. ISBN 9780736073943.

Oliver, Ray. "The Games", The History of the Olivers of Broken Hill. Accessed: December 6, 2017.

Tucker, Elizabeth (September 30, 2008). Children's Folklore: A Handbook. Greenwood Folklore Handbooks. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 59. ISBN 978-0313341892.

Lynch, Eileen A. (November–December 1998). "The Flu of 1918". The Pennsylvania Gazette. University of Pennsylvania (UPenn.edu).

March, Peyton C. (September 4, 1932). "General March's Narrative: Glimpses of Woodrow Wilson". The New York Times. p. XX3, Special Features section.

Further reading Iona and Peter Opie (1959). The Lore and Language of Schoolchildren. Oxford University Press. External links Educational CyberPlayGround Jumprope Chants, Clapping Games and Rhymes. Jump-Rope Rhymes Chants, Clapping Games, and Jump Rope Rhymes Jump Rope Rhymes Roger D. Abrahams (1969). "Jump Rope Rhymes. A dictionary". American Folklore Society. Retrieved November 2, 2016. vte Children's music and poetry

Children's cultureChildren's songCounting-out gameCumulative tale Cumulative songLullabyNonsense verseNursery rhyme listPlayground song listRepetitive songSinging gameSkipping-rope rhyme vte Gym, outdoor and playground games

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CatchChinese jump ropeDodgeballFour squareHide-and-seekHopscotchKick the canLeapfrogMarblesPlayground songs listRed RoverSimon SaysSkipping rope Double DutchRhymesSkullyStatuesThe floor is lavaTinikling

Better Reference for Skipping Rope History Jump Rope Rhymes Jump Rope Toy History Rkshort (talk) 19:45, 1 November 2018 (UTC)