User talk:Sailorbo/sandbox

SMOKING CESSATION (EXISTING) Dual users were shown to have statistically significant increase of cigarettes smoked per day in the median number of cigarettes smoked in comparison to traditional cigarette only users. Dual users were found to have the worst fitness compared to either cigarette or e-cigarette only users. E-cigarette only users were shown to score better in physical activity, mood, and anxiety categories than users who smoke traditional cigarettes only. E-cigarette users reported worse fitness than individuals who did not use any type of smoke product. (Wang 2018). CHILDREN (EXISTING) Data on the usage of e-cigarettes varies wildly. Previous surveys reported that of the high school students who have previously used e-cigs only one fifth have used it as a nicotine delivery system. However, new studies that find that these self-reporting surveys are significantly false. Multiple studies have shown that a large portion of adolescents, middle school and high school, have tried e-cigarettes but most do not use e-cigarettes frequently. A 2015 YRB survey showed that 45% of high schoolers have used e-cigarettes before. They found that an overwhelming majority of purchases were for e-cigs with nicotine.

SAFETY (EXISTING) E-cig companies are not required to submit their juices for testing in a laboratory testing or to label the amount of nicotine in the product. Laboratory tests have shown there are small amounts of nicotine in those dubbed no nicotine juice (Marynak 2017) Diacetyl a chemical compound that has been known to cause illnesses such as popcorn lung has been found in many vape juices (Shaffer 2016). Toxicity of vape juices vary wildly as FDA has only recently started regulating vape juices (Woodruff 2018). A study showed that on average a quarter of the vape juice that is inhaled becomes deposited in the lungs as liquid. No research has been published on the effects of this deposition. POSITION OF MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS (EXISTING) A study evaluated the cytotoxicity multiple e-cig juices compared to the cytotoxicity of cigarette smoke. It was found that of the 21 e-cig juices, only the flavor coffee produced noticeable cytotoxicity compared to cigarettes (Romagna 2013). There is heavy contention among experts of the cytotoxicity of vape juices. PROPYLENE GLYCOL (NONEXISTING) Propylene glycol is a synthetic food additive that belongs to the same chemical group as alcohol. It is the main ingredient of every e-cig juice on the market. Propylene glycol is found in many packaged foods and is deemed to be safe by the FDA. In one recent study where researchers tested nicotine-free vape on mice, it was found to have caused pulmonary transcriptional alterations in genes of the circadian molecular clock. The vape juice also affected the function of the lungs, liver, brain, skeletal muscle, and kidney. These alterations could could result in lung and metabolic chronic diseases, infections, and cancer (Lechasseur et al. 2017). Due to the recency of e-cigarettes no long term study of the effects in humans have been released. However, other research shows the opposite. A study has also shown that Propylene Glycol has resulted in no adverse effect in the respiration ability of animals. It was noted in one study that at 30% vape levels, Propylene Glycol and its counterpart Vegetable Glycerin was found to be highly toxic(Sassano 2018). However, it was noted to be impossible for consumers to reach that level.