User talk:Sarahbethcampos/sandbox

'''Sarah Beth- It makes sense where you want to place your article section (In EGYPTIAN CUISINE between CHEESE and BREAD). You need to find more scholarly sources- what you have now is this. Also need to further develop your piece which at this point is quite thin. Yuji provided excellent feedback. ''' — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jennyschiffberg (talk • contribs) 17:45, 7 December 2017 (UTC)

Article Evaluation
Article I chose: Agriculture. Link to the article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture#Agriculture_and_civilization

I only focused on the History and Agriculture and Civilization sections. The history of Agriculture did not go in depth into how the transformation from hunter-gathering societies to agricultural societies occurred. In fact, it did not mention the shift that groups of people underwent, which is one of the most important aspects of the history of agriculture. It simply summarized some key areas in which domestication of animals and food began in, but does not touch on all of the main areas agriculture developed in and did not explain what specific foods originated where and how much of a role geography played. Regarding citations- most of them work well and everything is well-cited. The sources they cited are all independent and used from a variety of different types of platforms. They did not use the same sources twice. However, a large problem with these sources is that they are very outdated. The earliest publication of a source they used was 1914 and many were between 1960-1980. So to edit this, it would be important to add more specific information regarding the topic and finding more recent sources. In the talk page, the people that did comment were primarily saying that there should be some significant changes made to this article and some added external links. It was rated a B-class, meaning many changes should be made.

Week 4- Adding to an Article
Article link I added to: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture Source I used for extra information: https://www.ancient.eu/nile/

However, the way in which the Nile began to be deified by the people in Egypt was because it played such a crucial role in the formation of civilization around this area. This began because early settlers flocked towards the river bank of the Nile around 6000 BCE which in turn slowly progressed into Egypt becoming the first recognizable nation state around 3150 BCE. It was able to flourish as a nation state due to the many benefits and resources the Nile provided. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sarahbethcampos (talk • contribs) 05:55, 9 October 2017 (UTC)

Week 5- Potential Topics
Links for potential Wikipedia articles:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture focus on adding more information to the history of agriculture and how it changed civilization

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_dietary_laws add the importance of the development of the Christian Diet- it began as a simplistic diet; and explain how/why it changed over time

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter-gatherer go more in depth with the history of hunter gatherer. Include dates, specific groups that remained Hunter-gatherer, and how they were able to what made many groups change from H-G to agricultural societies

Articles to tackle:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter-gatherer For the introduction of the Hunter-Gatherer update, I want to add what specific foods people were gathering and what animals they were hunting. I also want to include how many people lived in each hunter-gatherer society and how different people played different roles in the groups. Also, explain why these tribes or nomadic groups needed to stay small (survival, constantly on the move, etc.) and how they ensured that they stayed small (abstaining from mating, possibly killing weak links, etc.)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture I would really like to focus on the history of agriculture in which I would add that it was not a sudden change from H-G to agricultural societies- there were many factors that went into it and it developed faster in some areas versus others for a variety of reasons (climate, resources available, etc. ). — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sarahbethcampos (talk • contribs) 06:54, 9 October 2017 (UTC)

Final Project Topic
For my final project I would like to write about how important Maize was to many Natives living in North and South America (prior to the Columbian exchange) and how Europeans preferred wheat over Maize at first shortly after European colonization in the New World. Also would like to go into how Maize is now an important part of many Latin American cuisines and culture. First source: The Columbian Exchange by Alfred Crosby - mentions how Europeans wanted to grow wheat but it was harder to grow in these areas. And how many natives used maize and how Europeans at first did not accept it

Second source: http://www.panoramas.pitt.edu/other/collecting-corn-why-do-latin-american-countries-have-more-varieties-corn-united-states this source can be used to say how many different form of corns are grown in Mexico and Peru specifically, and how important it is to their culture -also how it has been cultivated for over 9,000 years in these areas

third source: http://maize.teacherfriendlyguide.org/index.php/what-is-maize/cultural-uses-of-maize -this is a good source to explain why maize became a staple food and the history behind it - also the different uses of maize today — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sarahbethcampos (talk • contribs) 08:06, 17 October 2017 (UTC)

Rough Draft for Final Project
Adding to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt#Cuisine and add to the section "irrigated land and crops" [blockquote]I didn't see an existing "irrigated land and crops section" not sure if it went through revisions since you looked at it (I did see a busy revision history). Does it make more sense to work in the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_cuisine article and adding a similar section or something on crops/ag? Or possibly this article https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_cuisine Rgh234 (talk) 14:36, 24 October 2017 (UTC)

Add: The Nile river has had a major importance in Egypt's agriculture because it provided important resources for the land which allowed crops to grow.

It does not rain much in Egypt which is another reason why the Nile was so critical in crop production.

Add: Egypt, for example, has seen a drastic increase in population since 1882 to 1964 because of the large expansion of maize production Maize grows well in Egypt because of the climate and land, and the labor costs of cultivating maize are very low in comparison to other crops

Sources: Crosby, http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACS287.pdf , http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/nile_01.shtml , http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Africa/Egypt-AGRICULTURE.html — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sarahbethcampos (talk • contribs) 07:14, 24 October 2017 (UTC)

First Draft
Wikipedia website I'm adding to: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_cuisine

I am adding to the Section titled Features and creating a section

Section I am creating after Cheeses is Titled Maize

Maize

Maize is believed to have originated in Latin America and primarily in Mexico. After the Columbian Exchange it was brought to many countries in the Middle East and Africa, including Egypt. Although maize was brought to Egypt around 1500, it did not become a staple crop until the 1700s. Egypt utilized a large portion of their land to grow maize because of its high yields. This was possible due to Egypt having the ideal climate, resources and growing conditions for maize, because of the large water supply provided by the Nile and its hot weather.

Egypt’s population grew from about 6.7 million to 28.9 million from 1882 and 1964, leading to a large increase of the mass production of maize. During the 1980s, Egypt underwent many changes that helped revolutionize the production of maize, including privatization of the maize industry and increased availability of resources necessary for production such as fertilizer and well-equipped machinery.

The two main types of maize that are grown in Egypt are white maize and yellow maize. However, for consumption white maize is preferred, which is why it made up 97% of maize production in 1998. Maize is sometimes blended with wheat to make certain breads that make up the Egyptian diet, called baladi bread or Egyptian flatbread. A common type of baladi bread is called battau, which is made up of 50% wheat and 50% maize. Preparation includes rolling the baladi bread dough flat and baking it until crispy. Another typical dish that Egyptians make with maize is called Dura Mashwi. This is a grilled maize dish that is mostly commonly sold in larger cities

Peer Edit by Yuji Cusick: Pretty solid start, but so far it's very general in scope. Instead of writing that Maize was "believed to have originated" and "brought to many countries in the Middle East", it'd be much more effective to be more specific. The more specific you are in detail, the more your article seems credible. Write more about how maize responded to the Egyptian climate because its a two way street; not every plant can adapt well to an arid climate (rice, cacao, banana, etc.). From 1882 to 1964, what caused this population swell? Like what we talked about in class, there's a positive feedback loop in which increased crop production leads to population growth, which in turn leads to increased production. You could also write about how the introduction of maize affected Egyptian economy. Did maize production allow them to acquire more machinery, fertilizer, etc? My next point would be that you don't differentiate between white and yellow maize. Why was white maize preferred? You write about battau, which is a mix of maize and wheat. Was maize or wheat more common in Egypt, and how did that affect their cuisine? Tone of the article is good, you're not trying to persuade anyone any which way. Overall, no issues, but I think you can expand on a lot of the statements you made. Also, you can reuse citations, instead of making new ones. Right now, you have three citations of the same book by Crosby.Yujicusick99 (talk) 15:11, 16 November 2017 (UTC)

Final Draft
 Maize in Egypt''' '''

Overview
Maize is believed to have originated in Latin America and primarily in Mexico. After the Columbian Exchange it was brought to many countries in the Middle East and Africa, including Egypt. Although maize was brought to Egypt around 1500, it did not become a staple crop until the 1700s. Egypt utilized a large portion of their land to grow maize because of its high yields. This was possible due to Egypt having the ideal climate, resources and growing conditions for maize, because of the large water supply provided by the Nile and its hot weather.

Types of Maize
The two main types of maize that are grown in Egypt are white maize and yellow maize. However, for consumption white maize is preferred, which is why it made up 97% of maize production in 1998. Maize is sometimes blended with wheat to make certain breads that make up the Egyptian diet, called baladi bread or Egyptian flatbread. A common type of baladi bread is called battau, which is made up of 50% wheat and 50% maize. Preparation includes rolling the baladi bread dough flat and baking it until crispy. Another typical dish that Egyptians make with maize is called Dura Mashwi. This is a grilled maize dish that is mostly commonly sold in larger cities

Cultivation and Importation
Agriculture is limited in comparison to other countries since the Sahara Desert covers large areas of its’ land. There are approximately 82.2 million people living in Egypt, most of them being concentrated in the surrounding areas of the Nile River. The distribution of maize that is grown in Egypt is 75% is grown in the Delta and 20% in Middle Egypt The cultivable land around the Nile River bank has an area of about 40,000 km. In this area of cultivated land, there is 0.05 hectare per head. This amount is very low, making Egypt one of the lowest crop producers in the world. Around 80% of maize-producing farms are small and privately owned. 70% percent of these holdings are less than 0.42 hectare. To make up for the disparity in maize production, Egypt imports maize from many different countries. Egypt imported 1774 thousand tonnes of maize between the years 1985-1989, 1800 tonnes between 1990-1994 and 3,266 thousand tonnes between 1995-2000. Egypt’s largest supplier of maize is the United States, which made up 77% of importations between 1993-1994. During the years 1995 and 2001, this percentage increased to 81.7%.

Advances in Production
Egypt’s population grew from about 6.7 million to 28.9 million from 1882 and 1964, leading to a high demand in the increase of the mass production of staple crops, maize included. In 1987, Egypt enacted policy changes to help improve and increase the production of maize, known as the Structural Adjustment Program in agriculture (SAP). The SAP privatized the maize industry, liberalized foreign trade, eliminated subsidies and removed high interest rate subsidies on loans. The SAP also allowed farmers to enact decision-based crop rotation rather than the previously required crop rotation that had been set by the government. Maize then was able to see a 3.58% rate of growth during 1985-1994, which followed the years the SAP was first implemented. The SAP also helped Egypt become a more self-sufficient nation in regards to food, which only improved their food security. .