User talk:Shofi1987

=Reactive dyes=

Defination of Reactive Dye:
Reactive Dye contains Reactive groups which chemically reacts with the cellulosic fibers and forms covalent bond and becomes a part of the fibers. The reactive groups of Reactive Dyes react with –OH groups of Cellulose and –NH2 group of protein fibers. Due to this fact these dyes are known as Reactive dyes.

Properties of Reactive Dyes:
a. During the dying process the reactive group of the dye forms covalent bond with the fibers. b. Anionic in nature. c. Soluble in water. d. These dyes are normally used for dyeing cellulose and protein fibers. e. All these types of shades can be produced from these dyes. f. Dyeing is done in alkaline condition. g. Their wet fastness & light fastness are good. h. They have better substantivity. i. The dyeing process is very easy.

Influencing Factors for Dyeing:
1. The PH of the dyebath. (10-11.5) 2. The Temperature of the dyebath. 3. The concentration of the electrolyte. 4. The time of dyeing. (Time Hydrolysis) (Exhausting 20-30 min) 5. The liquor Ratio (1:5 to 1:20)

Application of Reactive Dyes on Grey Cotton Fabrics
Recipe:

Scouring Recipe: Fabrics =100 kg Water Ratio= 1:10 Caustic Soda(NaOH)=5 gm/l Hydrogen Per Oxide (H2O2)=2 gm/l Peroxide Stabilizar=0.5 gm/l Anti-Creasing agent=0.5 gm/l Anti-foaming agent or defoamer=0.3 gm/l Detergent+Wetting agent=1 gm/l Acetic Acid = 1 gm/l (Adding upo to Neutralizing PH=6.5-7.0)

Peroxide killer=0.5 gm/l Bio-polishing Enzyme =0.5 gm/l Acetic Acid= 0.5 gm/l (Adding up to PH-5.5)

Dyeing and Finishing Recipe: Reactive Red 3BS =1% Reactive Royal Blur RSPL=0.5% Soda Ash=10 gm/l Glauber Salt=20 gm/l Levelling Agent= 1 gm/l Acetic Acid=0.5 gm/l Fixing agent=1 gm/l Softener=2%

Scouring and Bleaching Procedure: First load Fabrics in the machine then fill water into machine. According to recipe, add Caustic Soda(NaOH)=5 gm/l Hydrogen Per Oxide (H2O2)=2 gm/l Peroxide Stabilizar=0.5 gm/l Anti-Creasing agent=0.5 gm/l Anti-foaming agent or defoamer=0.3 gm/l Detergent+Wetting agent=1 gm/l. After that rise temperature 100 oC and run it for 1 hour.

Dyeing Procedure

=Direct Dyes:= Direct Dyes is Sodium Salt of sulphonic Acid. This dyes are soluble in Water. And it also has sensitivity to the cellulose fibers. So Direct dyes can easily apply to cotton fibers without any soluble Auxiliaries chemicals to dye that is why called direct dyes.

It has three types of direct dyes- (a) self levelling direct dyes (b) alkali levelling direct dyes (c) salt levelling direct dyes

=Water based Printing Pigment Paste:=

Introduction of Pigment:
Printing Pigment is a Textile Printing paste form color. It has no affinity or absorbency to the any Textile fibers, so printing or dyeing of Textile fabrics by the pigment needs another auxiliary chemicals for fixup pigment color to the fabrics. Binder and Thickener are the compulsory auxiliary chemicals for making and fixing printing pigment on the surfaces of fabrics. And also some parameters need for fulfill printing process such as Drying and Curing.

Auxiliary Chemicals for Pigment based Printing:
=Textile Dyeing auxiliary Chemicals=

Textile Dyeing auxiliaryis assistant chemicals for any types fabrics dyeing by any catagories dyestuff. It may be dyeing fabrics by Reactive dyes, Direct dyes, 'Disperse dyes', acid dyes, Vat dyes, Pigment' dyes, Silpher dyes. For every types of dyeing must need some assistance chemicals for even and uniform fabrics dyeing without any fault. Such types of auxiliary like Detergent, Wetting agent, Dispersing agent, Anti foaming agent, Sequestering chemicals, neutralizing agent, Levelling agent, Stabilizer, Dye fixing, softener etc.

Detergent
Detergent is the cleaning agent as dissolved wax from the yarn or fabrics and reduce the surface tension between textile substrate and water. As a result the fabrics are increased absorbency water with dye molecules. So before dyeing process this detergent treatment must needed.

Caustic soda
Caustic soda is chemically named Strong Alkali (NaoH). It is used in Scouring dyebath process. fabrics with this chemicals dissolve the Oil, Fat and Greece. As result the fabrics are increased absorbency for the dyeing process.

Hydrogen Peroxide
hydrogen peroxide is a reducing Agent. By use this product in Scouring and bleaching bath, remove natural color from fibers and make the fabrics white and bright.

Sequestering chemicals
Any process in dyebath before dyeing must add sequestering agent. It removes hardness from dyebath water. It is also used as dirt or oil spot remover from fabrics or cloth. This chemicals are supplied as both powder and liquid form.

Anti Foaming agent
''Anti foaming means defoamer agent. It is used as defoamer agent in dyebath of Fabrics Scouring and Bleaching process. If in any wet processing bath produces more foams that can be created barrier between solution and fabrics, As a result applied chemicals can be not penetrated into fibers spaces. So it is carry very important roles on wet processing or dyeing procedure.''

Wetting Agent
T.R oil is known as Wetting agent. Wetting Agent is used as assistant of dyes penetration into fibers of the fabrics porous. It reduces the surface tension between the liquid with dyes and fabrics. As a result when rise the dyeing bath temperature, the dyes molecule dispersing dye liquors around the fabrics. for adding wetting agent the fabrics absorbed dyes molecules and the dyes form covalent bond with fibers.