User talk:Ssbohio/Rind

Suggested passage by Ssbohio
In 1998, the American Psychological Association published a peer-reviewed paper (Rind et al) written by researchers Rind, Tromovich and Bauserman in its flagship publication, the Psychological Bulletin. This meta-analysis reviewed 15 studies based on college students' experiences of "precocious sexual contacts" and, among others, drew the conclusion that "for boys in nonclinical populations, willing relations are generally experienced positively or neutrally and are not associated with maladjustment." The United States Congress criticized the study's methods and conclusions in a 1998 House resolution. Scientific critics have disputed the study's definitions of willing relations and sexual abuse. In one example, Rind's determination that boys reacted positively in 37% of the cases studied, while girls reacted positively in 11% was challenged because it didn't correct for the difference in base rates of child sexual abuse between males and females, leading to a "misleading" finding. Another criticism is that what some reviewers see as Rind's advocacy of value-neutral terminology (for example referring to child sexual abuse as adult-child sex) is being used for support by pro-pedophile activist organizations like NAMBLA. Tht said, publication of Rind et al has been tacitly or implicitly defended by well-regarded organizations such as the American Psychological Association, , its president, Raymond Fowler, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, other scientists and Congressman Brian N. Baird.

Original
In 1998, Bruce Rind, PhD argued in his study known as Rind et al. that not all cases of "adult-child sex" should be termed child sexual abuse. This study was condemned by the United States Congress, an event which marked the first time in U.S. history that Congress officially condemned a study published in a major scientific journal. Rind's study was a meta-analysis of 15 studies using college students that found that boys reacted positively in 37% of the cases, while girls reacted positively in 11% of the cases. The methodology and conclusions drawn by this study has been criticized by many researchers, including Dallam et al., who stated "After a careful examination of the evidence, it is concluded that Rind et al. can best be described as an advocacy article that inappropriately uses science in an attempt to legitimize its findings." (2002). The study has also received some support for its scientific validity, though not necessarily its conclusions.

One study found that most men formerly involved in woman-boy sexual relations evaluate their experience as positive upon reflection. There is contrasting evidence that some children who initially report positive feelings will sometimes go on to reassess their abuse in a negative light. 38% of the 53 men studied by Urquiza (1987) said that they viewed their experience as positive at the time, but only 15% retained this attitude. One exploratory questionnaire-based study of 63 men and women who self-identified as maintaining at least a partial positive feeling about sexual abuse during their childhood or adolescence suggested a wide range of possible effects in adult life. Of the 63 subjects, 41% recalled feelings of guilt, 35% said they were frightened at the time, and 29% reported feelings of shame. Russell (1986) speculated that the perception of a sexually abusive event as 'positive' could stem from a mechanism for coping with traumatic experiences.

Edited
In 1998, the American Psychological Association published a peer-reviewed paper (Rind et al) written by researchers Rind, Tromovich and Bauserman in its flagship publication, the Psychological Bulletin. This meta-analysis reviewed 15 studies based on college students' experiences of "precocious sexual contacts" and, among others, drew the conclusion that "for boys in nonclinical populations, willing relations are generally experienced positively or neutrally and are not associated with maladjustment." The United States Congress criticized the study's methods and conclusions in a 1998 House resolution. Scientific critics have disputed the study's definitions of willing relations and sexual abuse. In one example, Rind's determination that boys reacted positively in 37% of the cases studied, while girls reacted positively in 11% was challenged because it didn't correct for the difference in base rates of child sexual abuse between males and females, leading to a "misleading" finding. Another criticism is that what some reviewers see as Rind's advocacy of value-neutral terminology (for example referring to child sexual abuse as adult-child sex) is being used for support by pro-pedophile activist organizations like NAMBLA. Tht said, publication of Rind et al has been tacitly or implicitly defended by well-regarded organizations such as the American Psychological Association, , its president, Raymond Fowler, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, other scientists and Congressman Brian N. Baird.