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Sunil Manohar "Sunny" Gavaskar <a href="/wiki/File:Sunil_Gavaskar.ogg" title="File:Sunil Gavaskar.ogg"><img alt="Sunil_Gavaskar.ogg" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" width="11" height="11" border="0" /></a> <a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b3/Sunil_Gavaskar.ogg" class="internal" title="Sunil Gavaskar.ogg">pronunciation</a> <small class="metadata audiolinkinfo">(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" title="Wikipedia:Media help">help</a>·<a href="/wiki/File:Sunil_Gavaskar.ogg" title="File:Sunil Gavaskar.ogg">info</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Marathi_language" title="Marathi language">Marathi</a>: सुनिल मनोहर गावसकर ) (born 10 July 1949 in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Bombay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>), was a <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricketer</a> during the 1970s and 1980s for <a href="/wiki/Mumbai_cricket_team" title="Mumbai cricket team">Bombay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indian_cricket_team" title="Indian cricket team" class="mw-redirect">India</a>. Widely regarded as one of the greatest <a href="/wiki/Batting_order_(cricket)#Openers" title="Batting order (cricket)">opening batsman</a> in <a href="/wiki/Test_match" title="Test match">Test match</a> history, Gavaskar set world records during his career for the most runs and most centuries scored by any batsman. He held the record of 34 Test centuries for almost two decades before it was broken by <a href="/wiki/Sachin_Tendulkar" title="Sachin Tendulkar">Sachin Tendulkar</a> in December 2005. He was widely admired for his technique against <a href="/wiki/Fast_bowling" title="Fast bowling">fast bowling</a>, with a particularly high average of 65.45 against the West Indies, who possessed a four-pronged fast bowling attack regarded as the most vicious in Test history. His captaincy of the Indian team, however, was less successful. The team at one stage went 31 Test matches without a victory. There were incidents like crowd displeasure at <a href="/wiki/Eden_Gardens" title="Eden Gardens">Eden Gardens</a> in <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" title="Calcutta" class="mw-redirect">Calcutta</a> leading to multiple matches being disrupted, in response to the poor performance of the Indian team. Turbulent performances of the team lead to multiple exchanges of captaincy between Gavaskar and <a href="/wiki/Kapil_Dev" title="Kapil Dev">Kapil Dev</a>, with one of Gavaskar's sackings coming just six months before Kapil led India to victory at the <a href="/wiki/1983_Cricket_World_Cup" title="1983 Cricket World Cup">1983 Cricket World Cup</a>.

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<a name="Domestic_debut" id="Domestic_debut"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Domestic debut">edit</a>] Domestic debut Growing up in Mumbai, Gavaskar was named India's Best Schoolboy Cricketer of the Year in 1966. After scoring 246*, 222 and 85 in school cricket in his final year of secondary education, before striking a century against the touring London schoolboys. He made his first-class debut for Vazir Sultan Colts XI against an XI from <a href="/wiki/Dungarpur" title="Dungarpur">Dungarpur</a>, in 1966/67, but remained in Bombay's <a href="/wiki/Ranji_Trophy" title="Ranji Trophy">Ranji Trophy</a> squad for two further years without playing a match. He made his debut in the 1968/69 season against <a href="/wiki/Karnataka_cricket_team" title="Karnataka cricket team">Karnataka</a>, but made a duck and was the subject of derisive claims that his selection was due to the presence of his uncle <a href="/wiki/Madhav_Mantri" title="Madhav Mantri">Madhav Mantri</a>, a former Indian Test wicketkeeper on Bombay's selection committee. He responded with 114 against <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan_cricket_team" title="Rajasthan cricket team">Rajasthan</a> in his second match, and two further consecutive centuries saw him selected in the 1970/71 Indian team to tour the West Indies. He is the first batsman to score 10,000 runs.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a>

<a name="Test_debut" id="Test_debut"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Test debut">edit</a>] Test debut A diminutive player, Gavaskar stood at just 165cm. After missing the First Test due to an infected fingernail, Gavaskar scored 65 and 67 not out in the second Test in <a href="/wiki/Port-of-Spain" title="Port-of-Spain" class="mw-redirect">Port-of-Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinidad" title="Trinidad">Trinidad</a>, hitting the winning runs which gave India its first ever win over the West Indies. He followed this with his first century, 116 and 64* in the Third Test in <a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Guyana" title="Georgetown, Guyana">Georgetown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a>, and 1 and 117* in the Fourth Test in <a href="/wiki/Bridgetown" title="Bridgetown">Bridgetown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a>. He returned to Trinidad for the fifth Test and scored 124 and 220 to help India to its first ever series victory over the West Indies, and the only one until 2006. His performance in the Test made him the second player after <a href="/wiki/Doug_Walters" title="Doug Walters">Doug Walters</a> to score a century and double century in the same match. He also became the first Indian to make four centuries in one Test series, the second Indian after <a href="/wiki/Vijay_Hazare" title="Vijay Hazare">Vijay Hazare</a> to score two centuries in the same Test, and the third after Hazare and <a href="/wiki/Polly_Umrigar" title="Polly Umrigar">Polly Umrigar</a> to score centuries in three consecutive innings. He was the first Indian to aggregate more than 700 runs in a series, and this 774 runs at 154.80 remains the most runs scored in a debut series by any batsman.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a>

Gavaskar’s arrival in England in 1971 for a three Test series generated substantial publicity in light of his debut series. He was unable to maintain his performance, making only two half centuries. He was involved in controversy when taking a quick single from the bowling of <a href="/wiki/John_Snow_(cricketer)" title="John Snow (cricketer)">John Snow</a>. They collided and Gavaskar fell over. Snow was suspended. Gavaskar’s 144 runs at the low average of 24,<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> led some to question Gavaskar’s worthiness in international cricket.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> In 1972-73, England toured India for a five Test series, Gavaskar’s first on home soil. He was ineffective in the first three Tests, accumulating only sixty runs in five innings as India took a 2-1 lead. He scored some runs in the final two Tests which India drew to complete consecutive series wins over England. His first home series was largely disappointing, aggregating 224 runs at 24.89.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a> His English critics were placated when India returned in 1974 and Gavaskar scored 101 and 58 in the First Test at <a href="/wiki/Old_Trafford_(cricket_ground)" title="Old Trafford (cricket ground)" class="mw-redirect">Old Trafford</a>. He managed 227 runs at 37.83 as India were whitewashed 3-0.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a><sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a>

Gavaskar’s 1974-75 Indian was interrupted, playing in only the First and Fifth and final Test of the series against the West Indies. He scored 108 runs at 27, with an 86 at <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> the closest the Indian public got to seeing a century.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a> The Test was the start of a world record streak of 106 Test appearances.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> The 1975-76 season saw three and four Test tours of New Zealand and the West Indies respectively. Gavaskar led India in a Test for the first time in January 1976 against <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cricket_team" title="New Zealand cricket team" class="mw-redirect">New Zealand</a> during the First Test in <a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a> when regular captain <a href="/wiki/Bishen_Bedi" title="Bishen Bedi" class="mw-redirect">Bishen Bedi</a> was suffering from a leg injury.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> Standing in despite having scored only 703 runs at 28.12 since his debut series, Gavaskar rewarded the selectors with 116 and 35*. As a result, India secured an eight wicket victory. He ended the series with 266 runs at 66.33.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a> On the West Indian leg of the tour, Gavaskar scored consecutive centuries of 156 and 102 in the Second and Third Tests, both in <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Spain" title="Port of Spain">Port of Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinidad" title="Trinidad">Trinidad</a>. These were his third and fourth centuries at the grounds. In the Third Test, his 102 helped India post 4/406 to set a world record for the highest winning fourth innings score. The Indians’ mastery of the Caribbean spinners on a turning track reportedly led West Indian captain <a href="/wiki/Clive_Lloyd" title="Clive Lloyd">Clive Lloyd</a> to vow that he would rely on pace alone in future Tests. Gavaskar totalled 390 runs at 55.71 for the series.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a><sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a>

Gavaskar was not to score a century on home soil until November 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> In an eight Test summer, three and five against New Zealand and England respectively, Gavaskar scored centuries in the first and last Tests of the season. The first was 119 in front of his home crowd at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wankhede&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wankhede (page does not exist)">Wankhede</a> Stadium in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Bombay</a>, helping India to a victory. Gavaskar scored another half century in the Second Test to end the series with 259 at 43.16. In the First Test against England at <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, he was mobbed upon becoming the first India to reach 1000 Test runs a calendar year.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> A steady series saw him finish with 394 runs at 39.4 with a century coming in Fifth Test at <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> and two half centuries. <sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a>

In 1977-78 he toured Australia, scoring three consecutive Test centuries (113, 127, 118) in the second innings of the first three Tests at <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Western_Australia" title="Perth, Western Australia">Perth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> respectively. India won the third but lost the earlier two. He finished the Five Test series with 450 runs at 50, failing twice as India lost the final Test and the series 3-2.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a> 1978-79 saw India tour <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> for the first series between the arch rivals for 17 years. For the first time Gavaskar faced Pakistani captain and pace spearhead Imran Khan, who described him as “The most compact batsman I’ve bowled to.” Gavaskar scored 89 in the First Test and 97 in the Second, which India drew and lost respectively. Gavaskar saved his best for the Third Test in <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>, scoring 111 and 137 in the Third, but was unable to prevent a defeat and series loss.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> His twin centuries made him the first Indian to score two centuries in one Test on two occasions, and saw him pass Umrigar as India’s leading Test runscorer. Gavaskar had finished the series with 447 runs at 89.40.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a>

<a name="Captaincy" id="Captaincy"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Captaincy">edit</a>] Captaincy <a href="/wiki/File:Sunil_Gavaskar_Graph.png" class="image" title="Sunil Gavaskar's career performance graph."><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Sunil_Gavaskar_Graph.png/350px-Sunil_Gavaskar_Graph.png" width="350" height="179" border="0" class="thumbimage" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Sunil_Gavaskar_Graph.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" height="11" alt="" /></a> Sunil Gavaskar's career performance graph. Gavaskar was captain of the Indian team on several occasions in the late 1970s and early 1980s, although his record is less impressive. Often equipped with unpenetrative bowling attacks he tended to use conservative tactics which resulted in a large number of draws. During his tenure <a href="/wiki/Kapil_Dev" title="Kapil Dev">Kapil Dev</a> emerged as a leading pace bowler for the country. He captained India to nine victories and eight losses, but most of the games were drawn, 30.

His first series in charge was a West Indian visit to India for a six Test series. Gavaskar’s several large centuries contrasted with several failures. His 205 in the First Test in Bombay made him the first Indian to score a double century in India against the Caribbeans.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> He added a further 73 in the second innings of a high scoring draw. After failing to score in the Second Test, he scored 107 and 182 not out in the Third Test at <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" title="Calcutta" class="mw-redirect">Calcutta</a>, another high scoring draw. This made him the first player in Test history to achieve centuries in both innings of a Test three times. He managed only 4 and 1 in the Fourth Test in <a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Madras</a> as India forced the only win of the series. He posted a fourth century for the series, scoring 120 in the Fifth Test at Delhi, becoming the first Indian to pass 4000 Test runs. He aggregated 732 runs at 91.50 for the series, securing India a 1-0 win in his first series as captain.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a> Despite this, he was stripped of the captaincy when India toured England in 1979 for a four Test tour. The official reason given was that <a href="/wiki/Srinivas_Venkataraghavan" title="Srinivas Venkataraghavan" class="mw-redirect">Srinivas Venkataraghavan</a> was preferred due to his superior experience on English soil, but most observers believed that Gavaskar was punished because he was believed to be considering defecting to <a href="/wiki/World_Series_Cricket" title="World Series Cricket">World Series Cricket</a>. He started consistently, scoring four half centuries in five innings of the first three Tests.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a> It was in the Fourth Test at <a href="/wiki/The_Oval" title="The Oval">The Oval</a> that he produced his finest innings on English soil. India were 1-0 down needed to reach a world record target of 438 to square the series. They reached 76/0 at stumps on the fourth day. Led by Gavaskar, India made steady progress to be 328/1 with 20 overs remaining on the final day with a record breaking victory still possible. An <a href="/wiki/Ian_Botham" title="Ian Botham">Ian Botham</a> lead fightback saw Gavaskar removed, with India still needing 49 runs from 46 balls. With three balls left in the match, all four results were possible. India ended nine runs short with two wickets in hand when stumps were drawn. According to <a href="/wiki/Sanjay_Manjrekar" title="Sanjay Manjrekar">Sanjay Manjrekar</a>, it was “Vintage Gavaskar, playing swing bowling to perfection, taking his time initially and then opening up. Nothing in the air, everything copybook.” He ended the series with 542 runs at 77.42 and was named as one of the <a href="/wiki/Wisden_Cricketers_of_the_Year" title="Wisden Cricketers of the Year">Wisden Cricketers of the Year</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a>

Gavaskar was restored to the captaincy for the gruelling 1979-80 season, with six Test home series against both Australia and Pakistan. The first two Tests against Australia were high scoring draws where only 45 wickets fell, with India taking a first innings lead in both after making scores over 400. India broke through for a 153 run win in the Third Test at <a href="/wiki/Kanpur" title="Kanpur">Kanpur</a>, where Gavaskar scored 76. He made 115 in the Fourth Test in <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, where India were unable to convert a 212 run first innings lead, resulting in a draw. After another stalemate in the Fifth Test, Gavaskar scored 123 in the Sixth Test in Bombay, where Australia collapsed by an innings after India posted their fourth first innings in excess of 400 for the series. The series against Pakistan was similarly high scoring, with four draws, three of which did not reach the fourth innings. India won the Third and Fifth Tests in Bombay and Madras. At Madras, he made 166 in the first innings and was unbeaten on 29 when India brought up the winning runs. Having secured the series 2-0, Gavaskar was stepped down as captain for the drawn Sixth Test. This occurred because Gavaskar had refused to tour the West Indies for another series immediately afterwards, asking for a rest. As a result, <a href="/wiki/Gundappa_Viswanath" title="Gundappa Viswanath">Gundappa Viswanath</a> was appointed so that he could prepare his leadership skills for the tour. In the end the tour did not go ahead as the West Indian board were not interested in a team without Gavaskar. The season ended with a one off Test against England in Mumbai, which India lost. In the 13 Tests that season, he made 1027 runs at 51.35 with three centuries and four half centuries. This ended a 14 month span in which Gavaskar played in 22 Tests and the 1979 Cricket World Cup. In the time, he scored 2301 Test runs including eight centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> <sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a> The 1980-81 season saw Gavaskar returned as captain for the Australasian tour, but it was to be the start of an unhappy reign for Gavaskar and India. He managed only 118 runs at 19.66 in the three Tests against Australia, but his impact in Australia was a controversial incident. At the <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Ground" title="Melbourne Cricket Ground">Melbourne Cricket Ground</a>, when Gavaskar was given out by the Australian umpire <a href="/wiki/Rex_Whitehead" title="Rex Whitehead">Rex Whitehead</a>, he ordered his fellow opener <a href="/wiki/Chetan_Chauhan" title="Chetan Chauhan">Chetan Chauhan</a> off the field<a href="http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/columns/content/story/257492.html" class="external autonumber" title="http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/columns/content/story/257492.html" rel="nofollow">[1]</a>. Instead of abandoning the match, the Indian manager, <a href="/w/index.php?title=SK_Durani&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="SK Durani (page does not exist)">SK Durani</a> persuaded Chauhan to return to the match which India went on to win by 59 runs as Australia collapsed to 83 in their second innings.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> India drew the series 1-1 but the following three Test series in New Zealand were to signal the start of a barren run of 19 Tests under Gavaskar of which India were to win only one and lose five. India lost to New Zealand 1-0, with Gavaskar managing 126 runs at 25.2. He finished the Oceania tour with 244 runs at 22.18, with only two half centuries, making little impact.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a>

The 1981-82 Indian season saw a hard-fought 1-0 series win over England in six Tests. India took the First Test in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, before five consecutive draws resulted, four of which did not even reach the fourth innings. Gavaskar made 172 in the Second Test at <a href="/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a> and reached a half century on three further occasions to compile 500 runs at 62.5. India reciprocated England’s visit in 1982 for a three Test series, which was lost 1-0. Gavaskar made 74 runs at 24.66 but was unable to bat in the Third Test.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a> The 1982-83 subcontinental season started well for Gavaskar on an individual note, as he made 155 in a one off Test against <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_cricket_team" title="Sri Lankan cricket team" class="mw-redirect">Sri Lanka</a> in Madras. It was the first Test between the two nations, with Sri Lankan having only recently been awarded Test status. Despite this, India were unable to finish off their novice opponents, the draw heralding a start of a winless summer. India played in twelve Tests, losing five and drawing seven. The first series was a six Test tour to Pakistan. India started well enough, drawing the First Test in <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>, with Gavaskar scoring 83. Pakistan then defeated India in three consecutive matches. In the Third Test in <a href="/wiki/Faisalabad" title="Faisalabad">Faisalabad</a>, Gavaskar managed an unbeaten 127 in the second innings to force Pakistan into a run chase, but the other two losses were substantial, both by an innings. Despite holding on for draws in the last two Tests, Gavaskar was replaced by Kapil Dev as captain after the 3-0 loss. Despite his team’s difficulties, Gavaskar remained productive with 434 runs at 47.18 with a century and three half centuries. Gavaskar went on to the West Indies for a five Test tour purely as a batsman, but could not reproduce the form that he had shown in the Caribbean in 1971 and 1976. He managed only 240 runs at 30, as India were crushed 2-0 by the world champions. Apart from an unbeaten 147 in the drawn Third Test in <a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Guyana" title="Georgetown, Guyana">Georgetown, Guyana</a>, his next best effort was 32. <sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> <sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a>

The 1983-84 season started with a home series against Pakistan, with all three matches being drawn. Gavaskar scored an unbeaten 103 in the First Test in <a href="/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, and made two further half centuries to total 264 runs at 66. This was followed by a six Test series against the touring West Indies at the height of their powers. The First Test was held in <a href="/wiki/Kanpur" title="Kanpur">Kanpur</a> and India were crushed by an innings. Gavaskar had his bat knocked out of his hand by a hostile delivery from <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Marshall" title="Malcolm Marshall">Malcolm Marshall</a> before being dismissed. In the Second Test in <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, Gavaskar delivered his riposte to Marshall, hooking him for a consecutive four and six to start his innings. Gavaskar, unwilling to be dictated to by the Caribbean pacemen, hooked the short pitched barrage relentlessly, reaching his half century in 37 balls. He then went on to score 121, his 29th Test century in 94 balls, equalling <a href="/wiki/Don_Bradman" title="Don Bradman" class="mw-redirect">Don Bradman</a>’s world record. He also passed 8000 Test runs in the innings, and was personally honoured by <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister of India</a> at the ground. The match was drawn. Gavaskar’s 90 in the Third Test at <a href="/wiki/Ahmedabad" title="Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a> saw him pass <a href="/wiki/Geoff_Boycott" title="Geoff Boycott" class="mw-redirect">Geoff Boycott</a>’s Test world record of 8114 career runs was insufficient to prevent another defeat. During the Fifth Test in the series, India were defeated by an innings at <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" title="Calcutta" class="mw-redirect">Calcutta</a> to concede a 3-0 series lead. India had won only one of their 32 most recent Tests and none of their last 28. The Bengali crowd singled out the Marathi Gavaskar, who had made a golden duck and 20. Angry spectators pelted objects onto the playing arena and clashed with police, before stoning the team bus. In the Sixth Test in Madras, he compiled his 30th Test century, with an unbeaten 236 which was the highest Test score by an Indian. It was his 13th Test century and third double century against the West Indies. He had aggregated 505 at 50.50 for the series.<sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a><sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a>

With India having failed to win for 29 successive Tests, Kapil was sacked as captain and Gavaskar resumed leadership at the start of the 1984-85 season. The two Test tour of Pakistan resulted in two further draws, with Gavaskar compiling 120 runs at 40. The First Test against England in Bombay saw India breakthrough for its first Test victory in 32 matches. It proved to be a false dawn, with England squaring the series 1-0 in Delhi before another controversial Third Test at Eden Gardens in <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" title="Calcutta" class="mw-redirect">Calcutta</a>. The hostile crowd watched as India batted for over two days to reach 7/437 after 203 overs. Angry with the slow pace of India’s innings, the crowd chanted “Gavaskar down! Gavaskar out!” blaming him for India’ performance. The local police chief reportedly asked Gavaskar to declare to placate the angry crowd. When Gavaskar led his team onto the field, he was pelted with fruit. Gavaskar vowed never to play at Eden Gardens again, and duly withdrew from the team for India’s next fixture at the Bengali capital two years later, ending his record of 106 consecutive Tests. The match was drawn, but India conceded the series after losing the Fourth. The series ended 1-2, and with a poor display of 140 runs at 17.5, Gavaskar resigned, although he had already announced his into to relinquish the leadership before the series. The change of captain improved the form of neither Gavaskar nor India as they toured Sri Lanka for a three Test series. India were embarrassed 1-0 by the Test minnows, with Gavaskar managing only 186 runs at 37.2.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> <sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a> <a name="International_farewell" id="International_farewell"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: International farewell">edit</a>] International farewell

In 1985-86, India toured Australia, playing against a team in a poor form slump. India were unable to capitalise as all three Tests were drawn, but Gavaskar did. He scored an unbeaten 166 in the First Test in Adelaide and 172 in the Third Test in Sydney, ending the series with 352 runs at 117.33. A three Test tour of England saw him score only 185 runs at 30.83, which India won 2-0 despite his unproductivity. In 1986-87, Gavaskar’s final season in Test cricket, India faced a long season of eleven home Tests. Against a team as the worst to leave Australian shores, Gavaskar made 90 in the second innings of the First Test in Madras, giving India a chance of reach the target of 348, which ended in a tie. He scored 103 in the Third Test in Bombay to end the series with 205 runs at 51.66. The First Test against Sri Lanka in Kanpur saw Gavaskar’s 34th and final Test century of 176. He scored 74 and 5 in the next two Tests as India won the three match series 2-0. The five Test series against arch enemies Pakistan was to be his last. Gavaskar scored 91 in the drawn First Test in Madras before withdrawing from the Second Test in Calcutta as he had promised. In the Fourth Test in Ahmedabad, Gavaskar’s 63 made him the first batsman to pass 10,000 runs. With the teams locked 0-0 leading into the final Test in Bangalore, there was to be no fairytale. Gavaskar was dismissed for 96 in the second innings as India were bowled out to give Pakistan a 1-0 series win.<sup id="cite_ref-espn_0-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espn-0" title=""> [ 1 ] </a> <sup id="cite_ref-testlist_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-testlist-1" title=""> [ 2 ] </a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">[broken footnote]</a> <a name="Style" id="Style"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Style">edit</a>] Style Gavaskar was also a fine slip fielder and his safe catching in the slips helped him become the first Indian (excluding wicket-keepers) to take over a hundred catches in Test matches. In one ODI against Pakistan in Sharjah in 1985, he took four catches and helped India defend a small total of 125. Early in his Test career, when India rarely used pace bowlers, Gavaskar also opened the bowling for a short spell on occasions if only one pace bowler was playing, before a three-pronged spin attack took over. The only wicket claimed by him is that of Pakistani <a href="/wiki/Zaheer_Abbas" title="Zaheer Abbas">Zaheer Abbas</a> in 1978-79.

While Gavaskar could not be described as an attacking batsman, he had the ability of keeping the scoreboard ticking with unique shots such as the "late flick". His focus of technical correctness over flair meant that his style of play was usually less suited to the shorter form of the game, at which he had less success. His reknowned 36 not out in the 1975 World Cup, carrying his bat through the full 60 overs against England, lead Indian supporters to storm the field and confront him. Gavaskar almost went through his career without scoring a one-day century. He managed his first (and only ODI century) in the 1987 World Cup, when he hit 103 not out against <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cricket_team" title="New Zealand cricket team" class="mw-redirect">New Zealand</a> in his penultimate ODI innings at Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground, <a href="/wiki/Nagpur" title="Nagpur">Nagpur</a>. <a name="Outside_cricket" id="Outside_cricket"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Outside cricket">edit</a>] Outside cricket Gavaskar has also been awarded the <a href="/wiki/Padma_Bhushan" title="Padma Bhushan">Padma Bhushan</a>. In December 1994 he was appointed the <a href="/wiki/Sheriff_of_Mumbai" title="Sheriff of Mumbai">Sheriff of Mumbai</a>, an honorary for a year. After retirement, he has been a popular, sometimes controversial commentator, both on TV and in print. He has written four books on cricket – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunny_Days_(book)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunny Days (book) (page does not exist)">Sunny Days</a> (autobiography), Idols, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Runs_n%27_Ruins&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Runs n' Ruins (page does not exist)">Runs n' Ruins</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=One_Day_Wonders&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="One Day Wonders (page does not exist)">One Day Wonders</a>. He also served as an advisor to the <a href="/wiki/Indian_cricket_team" title="Indian cricket team" class="mw-redirect">Indian cricket team</a> during the home series against <a href="/wiki/Australian_cricket_team" title="Australian cricket team" class="mw-redirect">Australia</a> in 2004 and currently serves as the <a href="/wiki/Chairman" title="Chairman">Chairman</a> of the <a href="/wiki/International_Cricket_Council" title="International Cricket Council">ICC</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cricket_committee&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cricket committee (page does not exist)">cricket committee</a>.

His son <a href="/wiki/Rohan_Gavaskar" title="Rohan Gavaskar">Rohan</a> is also a cricketer who plays at the national level in the <a href="/wiki/Ranji_Trophy" title="Ranji Trophy">Ranji Trophy</a>. He has played some <a href="/wiki/One_Day_International" title="One Day International">One Day Internationals</a> for India, but could not cement his spot in the team. The <a href="/wiki/Border-Gavaskar_Trophy" title="Border-Gavaskar Trophy">Border-Gavaskar Trophy</a> has been instituted in his (co-)honour. <a name="Controversies" id="Controversies"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Controversies">edit</a>] Controversies

In a notorious ODI performance in 1975, he opened the batting and managed just 36 (not out) off 174 balls (scoring just one four). Replying to England's 334 from 60 overs, India managed only 132 for 3 from the 60 overs. It was alleged that Gavaskar deliberately performed poorly in that match, due to his annoyance with the promotion of <a href="/wiki/Srinivas_Venkataraghavan" title="Srinivas Venkataraghavan" class="mw-redirect">Srinivas Venkataraghavan</a> to captaincy. He later claimed that he could not adjust to the pace of the game. Recently, he has been involved in a string of controversies as an ICC official. He has been criticized for supporting changes in cricket rules that tend to favour batsmen. In addition, his role as the chief selector for <a href="/wiki/ICC_World_XI" title="ICC World XI" class="mw-redirect">ICC World XI</a> also came under criticism due to some controversial selections, which resulted in one sided matches against the ICC World Champion, Australia. On <a href="/wiki/March_25" title="March 25">25 March</a> <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Speed" title="Malcolm Speed">Malcolm Speed</a>, ICC chief executive, told Gavaskar "very clearly", during a meeting between the two at Dubai, that he would have to quit his post at the ICC if he failed to give up his job of commentator and newspaper columnist,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2" title=""> [ 3 ] </a> in which capacity he has frequently criticised his employers and levelled serious accusations of <a href="/wiki/Racism" title="Racism">racism</a>. He sparked especial controversy in early 2008 for his comments on the contentious <a href="/wiki/Second_Test,_2007%E2%80%9308_Border-Gavaskar_Trophy" title="Second Test, 2007–08 Border-Gavaskar Trophy">Sydney Test Match</a>: "Millions of Indians want to know if it [match referee <a href="/wiki/Mike_Procter" title="Mike Procter">Mike Procter</a>'s verdict against <a href="/wiki/Harbhajan_Singh" title="Harbhajan Singh">Harbhajan Singh</a>] was a 'white man' taking the 'white man's' word against that of the 'brown man'. Quite simply, if there was no audio evidence, nor did the officials hear anything, then the charge did not stand."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3" title=""> [ 4 ] </a> Australian writer <a href="/wiki/Gideon_Haigh" title="Gideon Haigh">Gideon Haigh</a> subsequently pointed out that, if Gavaskar genuinely believed this, "then he should almost certainly resign, for if the ICC is a bastion of 'white man's justice', Gavaskar bears some of the blame for having failed to change it."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4" title=""> [ 5 ] </a>

<a name="Personal_life" id="Personal_life"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Personal life">edit</a>] Personal life Sunil is married to Marshniel Gavaskar (née Mehrotra), daughter of a leather industrialist in Kanpur. They have a son <a href="/wiki/Rohan_Gavaskar" title="Rohan Gavaskar">Rohan</a>. <a name="References" id="References"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>] References

<ul> <li>Brown, Alex. "Gavaskar slams 'white man' ban." <a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a>, <a href="/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">14 January</a> <a href="/wiki/2008_in_literature" title="2008 in literature">2008</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gideon_Haigh" title="Gideon Haigh">Haigh, Gideon</a>. "Gavaskar's double role." <a href="/wiki/Cricinfo" title="Cricinfo">Cricinfo</a>. <a href="/wiki/January_15" title="January 15">15 January</a> 2008. <a href="http://content-www.cricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/331054.html" class="external autonumber" title="http://content-www.cricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/331054.html" rel="nofollow">[2]</a> (accessed <a href="/wiki/November_22" title="November 22">November 22</a>, <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>).</li>

</ul> <a name="Notes" id="Notes"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>] Notes <li id="cite_note-espn-0">^ <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-0" title="">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-1" title="">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-2" title="">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-3" title="">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-4" title="">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-5" title="">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-6" title="">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-7" title="">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-8" title="">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-9" title="">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-10" title="">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-11" title="">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-12" title="">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-13" title="">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-14" title="">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-15" title="">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-16" title="">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-espn_0-17" title="">r</a> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFArmstrong2002">Armstrong, Geoff (2002). ESPN legends of cricket. <a href="/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin" title="Allen &amp; Unwin">Allen &amp; Unwin</a>. pp.&#160;??. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1865088366" class="internal">ISBN 1-86508-836-6</a>. <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=ESPN+legends+of+cricket&amp;rft.aulast=Armstrong&amp;rft.aufirst=Geoff&amp;rft.au=Armstrong%2C+Geoff&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B%3F%3F&amp;rft.pub=%5B%5BAllen+%26+Unwin%5D%5D&amp;rft.isbn=1-86508-836-6&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sunil_Gavaskar"> &#160; </li>

<li id="cite_note-testlist-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-0" title="">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-1" title="">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-2" title="">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-3" title="">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-4" title="">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-5" title="">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-6" title="">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-7" title="">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-8" title="">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-9" title="">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-10" title="">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-11" title="">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-12" title="">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-13" title="">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-14" title="">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-15" title="">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-16" title="">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-testlist_1-17" title="">r</a> <a href="http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1/1378/t_Batting_by_Season.html" class="external text" title="http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1/1378/t_Batting_by_Season.html" rel="nofollow">Test Batting and Fielding in Each Season by Sunny Gavaskar</a>, <a href="/wiki/CricketArchive" title="CricketArchive">CricketArchive</a>. Retrieved on 5 September 2008.</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2" title="">^</a> <a href="http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/current/story/344084.html" class="external text" title="http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/current/story/344084.html" rel="nofollow">Gavaskar to decide on future with ICC</a>, 25 March 2008, Cricinfo. Retrieved on 5 September 2008.</li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3" title="">^</a> Quoted in Brown 2008.</li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4" title="">^</a> Haigh 2008.</li> </ol> <a name="External_links" id="External_links"></a> [<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Gavaskar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>] External links

<ul> <li><a href="http://www.cricinfo.com/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/india/content/player/28794.html" class="external text" title="http://www.cricinfo.com/http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/india/content/player/28794.html" rel="nofollow">Player Profile: Sunil Gavaskar</a> from <a href="/wiki/Cricinfo" title="Cricinfo">Cricinfo</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1/1378/1378.html" class="external text" title="http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1/1378/1378.html" rel="nofollow">Player Profile: Sunil Gavaskar</a> from <a href="/wiki/CricketArchive" title="CricketArchive">CricketArchive</a></li> <li><a href="http://cricket.indiatimes.com/homepages/gavaskar_border/sg_index.html" class="external text" title="http://cricket.indiatimes.com/homepages/gavaskar_border/sg_index.html" rel="nofollow">The Big Hundred Specialist: Sunil Gavaskar</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.rediff.com/sports/sunny.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.rediff.com/sports/sunny.htm" rel="nofollow">Rediff page on Gavaskar</a></li> <li><a href="http://in.sports.yahoo.com/cricket/sunil_collection.html" class="external text" title="http://in.sports.yahoo.com/cricket/sunil_collection.html" rel="nofollow">Sunil Gavaskar column on Yahoo! Cricket</a></li>

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