User talk:Tubelius/page2

Geosynchronous_satellite
The orbits are known as geosynchronous orbit and geostationary orbit.

Wig
Wig

A wig or toupee is a head of hair - human, horse-hair or synthetic - worn on the head for fashion or various other aesthetic and stylistic reasons, including cultural and religious observance.

Actors, on the other hand often wear wigs so they better resemble the character they are portraying.

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1139
This page was last modified 12:58, 17 July 2005.

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License (see Copyrights for details).

1822
1822 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar).

May 24 - Battle of Pichincha: SimÃ³n BolÃ­var secures the independence of Quito.

June 14 - Charles Babbage proposes a Difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society entitled "Note on the application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables."

July 8 - Chippewas turn over huge tract of land in Ontario to the United Kingdom.

July 13 - Greek War of Independence: Greeks defeat Ottoman forces at Thermopylae.

1847
1847 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar).

January 13 - The Treaty of Cahuenga ends the Mexican-American War in California.

January 16 - John C. Fremont is appointed Governor of the new California Territory.

January 30 - Yerba Buena, California is renamed San Francisco.

1887
1887 is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar).

They are 15 inches (38cm) wide and 8 inches (20cm) thick.

February 26 - At the SCG, George Lohmann becomes the first bowler to take eight wickets in a Test innings.

June 18 - The Reinsurance Treaty is closed between Germany and Russia.

June 23 - The Rocky Mountains Park Act becomes law in Canada, creating that nation's first national park, Banff National Park.

1953
February 5 - The movie Peter Pan premieres (Roxy Theatre, New York City).

February 11 - President Eisenhower refuses clemency appeal for Ethel and Julius Rosenberg.

February 11 - The Soviet Union breaks diplomatic relations with Israel.

February 18 - The first 3D film, Bwana Devil opens.

1963
1963 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar).

Known as the Bogle-Chandler case.

January 11 - The Whisky A Go-Go night club in Los Angeles, the first disco in the USA, is opened.

January 14 - George Wallace becomes governor of Alabama.

February 11 - CIA Domestic Operations Division is created.

Foot
For other uses, see Foot (disambiguation).

The plural of foot is feet, and this pair is one of seven mutated English plurals.

Hand
Hand

For other uses, see Hand (disambiguation).

The hand (med./

manus) is the portion of the arm or anterior limb of a human or other primate, where the appendage terminates.

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Icon
For other uses, see Icon (disambiguation).

An icon (from Greek ÎµÎ¹ÎºÏ‰Î½, eikon, "image") is an image, picture, or representation; it is a sign or likeness that stands for an object by signifying or representing it, or by analogy, as in semiotics; in computers an icon is a symbol on the monitor used to signify a command; by extension, icon is also used, particularly in modern popular culture, in the general sense of symbol â€” i.e

. a name, face, picture or even a person readily recognized as having some well-known significance or embodying certain qualities.

Wool
Both the scaling and the crimp make it possible to spin and felt the fleece.

Brazil
For other uses, see Brazil (disambiguation).

The Federative Republic of Brazil (RepÃºblica Federativa do Brasil in Portuguese) is the largest and most populous country in Latin America, and fifth largest in the world.

Spanning a vast area between central South America and the Atlantic Ocean, it is the easternmost country of the Americas and it borders Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana â€” every South American nation except for Ecuador and Chile.

Exploiting vast natural resources and a large labor pool, it is today South America's leading economic power and a regional leader.

Archetype
Archetype

Archetype is defined as the original model of which all other similar persons, objects, or concepts are merely derivative, copied, patterned, or emulated.

Thus, the characters stand out as original by contrast, even though many of his characters were based on previously-garnered archetypes (Shakespeare often borrowed from fables, myths and magic to construct and embellish his plays).

The imitation process of an archetype or prototype itself is called a pastiche (noun), in which one who mimics pays homage to the original creator.

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Johannesburg
Johannesburg is the site of a large-scale gold and diamond trade due to its location on the mineral-rich Witwatersrand mountain range.

ITC_Entertainment
Originally creating television content for syndication, Grade was granted a franchise to operate as the ITV programme provider for the Midlands region on Monday to Friday, and the London region on Saturday and Sunday through ATV - a subsidiary of ITC. It was through ATV which Grade released almost all of his future ITC content.

Ironically, it was Grade's ITC productions (which were based in London) which caused him to lose the ITV Midlands franchise.

Bulls_Gap%2C_Tennessee
59094, -83.0

Frank_Ryan_(football_player)
Frank Beall Ryan (born 1936) is a retired American football quarterback who played for the Los Angeles Rams (1958-1961), Cleveland Browns (1962-1968) and Washington Redskins (1969-1970).

. in mathematics to play in the league.

Country_music
Country_music

Cultural origins:

early 20th century Appalachia, esp.

However, country music is actually a catch-all category that embraces 12 distinctly different genres of music: Nashville sound (the pop-like music very popular today); bluegrass, a fast mandolin and fiddle-based music popularized by Bill Monroe and by the Foggy Mountain Boys; Western also known as Western swing, a sophisticated dance music popularized by Bob Wills; Bakersfield sound (popularized by Buck Owens and Merle Haggard); Cajun; Zydeco; gospel; oldtime (generally pre-1930 folk music); honky tonk; Appalachian; rockabilly; and jug band.

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South_America
Please help improve it to featured article standard.

Egypt
For other uses, see Egypt (disambiguation).

Ø¬Ù…Ù‡ÙˆØ±ÙŠÙ‘Ø© Ù…ØµØ±Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø±Ø¨ÙŠÙ‘Ø©

Ç¦umhuriyat Miá¹£r al-Ë�Arabiyah

&#160;listen?

Internet TLD

.e

The Arab Republic of Egypt, commonly known as Egypt, (in Arabic: Ù…ØµØ±, romanized Miá¹£r, or Maá¹£r in Egyptian dialect) is a republic mostly located in North-Eastern Africa.

Portugal
Portugal

The Republic of Portugal (Portuguese: RepÃºblica Portuguesa) is a democratic republic located on the west and southwest parts of the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, and is the westernmost country in continental Europe.

Area

&#160;- Total

&#160;- % water

&#160;

92,391 kmÂ² (109th)

0.5

Internet TLD

.p

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Paris
For other uses, see Paris (disambiguation).

The city of Paris proper is also a dÃ©partement, called Paris dÃ©partement (French: dÃ©partement de Paris).

Paris, together with its suburbs and satellite cities, forms the Greater Paris metropolitan area, with a population estimated at 11.5

Ph.D.
Ph.D.

(Redirected from Ph.D

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D

.), an abbreviation for the Latin "PhilosophiÃ¦ Doctor" (or alternatively Doctor philosophiÃ¦, Dr.

was originally a degree granted by a university to a learned individual who had achieved the approval of his peers and who had demonstrated a long and productive career in the field of philosophy.

The appellation of "Doctor" (from Latin: teacher) was usually awarded only when the individual was in middle age.

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Floating_exchange_rate
Floating_exchange_rate

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Recent_deaths
Recent_deaths

Sir Richard Doll, 92, British epidemiologist, first person to link cigarette smoking and lung cancer.

Pietro Consagra, 84, Italian sculptor.

Gretchen Franklin, 94, television actress, best known as Ethel Skinner in EastEnders.

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London
For other places with the same name, see London (disambiguation).

London (see also different names) is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England.

The capital of the former global empire, London is pre-eminent in culture, communications, politics, finance, and the arts and has considerable influence worldwide.

Guayaquil
For the canton named after this city, see Guayaquil (canton).

Santiago de Guayaquil, or just Guayaquil, is the most populous and largest city in Ecuador, as well as that nation's main sea port city.

Monty_Hall_problem
In search of a new car, the player picks door 3.

The game host then opens door 1 to reveal a goat and offers to let the player pick door 2 instead of door 3.

The Monty Hall problem is a puzzle in game theory that is loosely based on the American game show Let's Make a Deal.

United_States
For other uses, see US (disambiguation) and United States (disambiguation)

The United States of Americaâ€”also referred to as the United States, the USA, the U.S., America, the States, and (poetically) Columbiaâ€”is a democratic constitutional federal republic of fifty states.

Forty-eight of the statesâ€”often referred to as the Continental, Contiguous or Lower 48â€”are located in a contiguous region between Canada and Mexico.

%C3%8Ele_de_France
%C3%8Ele_de_France

This page was last modified 05:16, 16 July 2005.

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License (see Copyrights for details).

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20th_century
Common usage sometimes regards it as lasting from 1900 to 1999, but this is considered incorrect due to the nonexistence of a "Year Zero" before AD 1/1 CE. The 20th century is also sometimes known as the nineteen hundreds (1900s), referring to the latter usage.

Decades are almost always considered as starting with the "0" year and named accordingly ("1960s", etc.)

, so the first decade of a century technically overlaps back into the preceding one.

Racism
An African-American drinks out of a water cooler designated for use by "colored" patrons in 1939 at a streetcar terminal in Oklahoma City.

Historically, it has been defined as the belief that race is the primary determinant of human capacities, that a certain race is inherently superior or inferior to others, and/or that individuals should be treated differently according to their racial designation.

There is a growing, but somewhat controversial, opinion that racism is a system of oppression -- a nexus of racist beliefs, whether explicit, tacit or unconscious; practices; organizations and institutions that combine to discriminate against and marginalize a class of people who share a common racial designation, based on that designation.

Cuban_Revolution
Czechoslovak poster saying: "We greet the heroic Cuban people".

The Cuban Revolution was the overthrow of Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista by the 26th of July Movement and the establishment of a new government led by Fidel Castro in the 1950s.

It began with the assault on the Moncada Barracks on July 26, 1953, and ended on January 1, 1959, when Batista was driven from the country and the cities Santa Clara and Santiago de Cuba were seized by sections of the people's army, led by Che Guevara and Fidel Castro, respectively.

Fixed_currency
China's Renmimbi (Which actually means "The People's Money") has been pegged for decades.

Syncom
Syncom

The programme name is an abbreviation of "synchronous communication satellite".

Pre-launch fueled masses were 68 kg, whilst orbital masses were 39 kg with a 25 kg payload.

They were capable of emitted signals on two transponder at just 2 W. Thus, Syncom satellites were only capable of carrying a single two-way telephone conversations, or 16 teletype connections.

It was launched on February 14, 1963 with the Delta B #16 launch vehicle from Cape Canaveral, but was lost on the way to geosynchronous orbit due to an electronics failure.

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Bicycle_racing
In bicycle racing sports bicycles are used in a competitive way, most often speed, sometimes a style competition.

The most competitive and devoted countries are generally thought to be Italy, Spain, Belgium, Germany, France, the Netherlands and Switzerland, although the United States also have a high international standing, and many countries the world over do well in certain disciplines.

Bicycle racing includes BMX racing, cyclo-cross, track cycling, mountain biking and road cycling.

Independence_Day
Independence_Day

For other uses, see Independence Day (disambiguation).

Israel

(Yom Ha'atzma'ut) Hebrew date of 5 Iyar (unless that falls on Shabbat, in which case it is the 3rd) which occurs usually at the end of spring (May).

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People's_Bank_of_China
The People's Bank of China (ä¸­å›½äººæ°‘é“¶è¡Œ, pinyin: ZhÅ�ngguÃ³ RÃ©nmÃ­n YÃ­nhÃ¡ng ) (not to be confused with the Bank of China or the Central Bank of China) is the central bank of the People's Republic of China with the power to control monetary policy and regulate financial institutions in mainland China.

After the communist victory, all banks were nationalized and incorporated into the PBOC. The headquarters were first located in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, then moved to Beijing in 1949.

List_of_historical_anniversaries
Condensed list of historical anniversaries.

This page was last modified 20:32, 8 July 2005.

All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License (see Copyrights for details).

2005_Sharm_el-Sheikh_attacks
2005_Sharm_el-Sheikh_attacks

On July 23, 2005 a series of bomb attacks hit the Egyptian resort city of Sharm el-Sheikh on the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula.

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Tailcoat
HM the Queen with Commonwealth Prime Ministers, in the 1950s.

To her right, Sir Winston Churchill; to her left, Robert Menzies of Australia and Louis St.

Laurent of Canada.

They wear evening dress with decorations.

Evening dress (also known as full evening dress) or white tie is the most formal dress code that exists for civilians today.1

L._L._Zamenhof
L._L._Zamenhof

Ludovic Lazarus (Ludwik Lejzer) Zamenhof (December 15, 1859â€“April 14, 1917) was a Russian-Jewish ophthalmologist, philologist, and Zionist, and the initiator of Esperanto, the most widely spoken planned language to date.

Zamenhof was born on December 15, 1859 in the town of BiaÅ‚ystok, in what is now Poland but was then part of the Russian Empire.

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Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn
Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn

JosÃ© de San MartÃ­n (25 February 1778 â€“ 17 August 1850) was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence from Spain.

Together with SimÃ³n BolÃ­var in the north, San MartÃ­n is regarded as one of the Liberators of Spanish South America.

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United_States_dollar
United_States_dollar

The United States dollar, or American dollar, is the official currency of the United States.

The most commonly used symbol for the U.S. dollar is the dollar sign ($).

The ISO 4217 code for the United States Dollar is USD; the U.S. dollar is also referenced as US$ by the International Monetary Fund.

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Current_events
To read and write about current events in detail, please visit our sister project, Wikinews.

[edit]

Ongoing events

â€¢ 2005 Atlantic and Pacific hurricanes

â€¢ 2005 Gujarat Flood

â€¢ Expo 2005 in Aichi, Japan

â€¢ Fuel prices

â€¢ Gomery Comm.

[edit]

July 25, 2005 (Monday)

Bilateral negotiations have resumed between the US and North Korea.

(IHT)

Two men, one today, one yesterday, have been arrested in the New Southgate area of London during police investigations into the recent London bombings.

Mathematics
It has historically developed, through the use of abstraction and logical reasoning, from counting, calculation, measurement, and the study of the shapes and motions of physical objects.

This latter meaning of mathematics includes the mathematics used to do calculations or models and is an indispensable tool in the natural sciences, engineering and economics.

The word "mathematics" comes from the Greek Î¼Î¬Î¸Î·Î¼Î± (mÃ¡thema) meaning "science, knowledge, or learning" and Î¼Î±Î¸Î·Î¼Î±Ï„Î¹ÎºÏŒÏ‚ (mathematikÃ³s) meaning "fond of learning".

Cricket
Cricket

For other uses, see Cricket (disambiguation).

For more coverage of cricket, go to the Cricket portal.

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World_War_II
World_War_II

Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km (over 11 miles) into the air, August 9, 1945 after the Allied atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

World War II or the Second World War was a global conflict that began on 7 July 1937 in Asia and on 1 September 1939 in Europe.

Virtually all countries that participated in World War I were involved in World War II. It was the most extensive, expensive and bloodiest armed conflict in the history of mankind.

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Ethnic_slur
Ethnic_slur

The following is a list of ethnic slurs that are, or have been, used to refer to members of a given ethnicity (or in some cases, nationality, region, or religion) in a derogatory or pejorative manner.

The term is listed, followed by its primary user(s) and a definition.

The term is most widely used in the UK where circumcision among non-Jews or non-Muslims is more rare, but in the United States, where it is more common, it can be considered insulting to many non-Jewish males as well.

3/5th

(United States) a term for blacks referring to the Congressional Compromise which agreed that, for purposes of representation in the House, every slave would be counted as 3/5ths of a person.

51st Stater&#160;

(International) Facetious reference to any citizen of a nation whose politics and culture appear closely aligned with the United States.

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Jason_King_(television)
Jason_King_(television)

Jason King was a typical product of late 1960s/early 1970s television.

Over 26 episodes King, portrayed by the smooth Peter Wyngarde, would manage to become embroiled in a 50 minute adventure which took in glamourous women, exotic locations (for the era) and menacing villains.

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Metropolitan_Police_Service
Metropolitan_Police_Service

The Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) (usually just referred to as the Metropolitan Police, its former official name, or colloquially as the Met) is the territorial police force in Greater London, England, with the exception of the square mile of the City of London, which has its own police force, the City of London Police.

Along with the Met and the City of London Police, Greater London is also policed by the British Transport Police (who are responsible for policing on the rail systems, London Underground, Tramlink and Docklands Light Railway), the Royal Parks Constabulary (who patrol a number of London's major parks), and several borough park police forces.

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Caucasian
Caucasian is originally a geographical term, meaning relative or pertaining to the Caucasus region of Eastern Europe and West Asia.

It has in time acquired other specific meanings, most notably in the US, where it has come to mean white, which, however, is an unfortunate misnomer given the fact that Caucasians aren't quite white.

in linguistics, the languages of the Caucasus are a large number of languages spoken in the Caucasus area; often specifically those that have no demonstrated relatives outside of that region, which are classified into the South, Northwest, Northeast, and North-central Caucasian language families.

July_23
July 23 is the 204th day (205th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining.

American Civil War: Henry W. Halleck takes command of the Union Army.

Ernst Pfenning of Chicago, Illinois becomes the first owner of a Ford Model A.

1914 - Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia allowing the Austrians to find out who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

July_24
July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining.

War of 1812: General Phineas Riall advances toward Niagara to halt Jacob Brown's American invaders.

American Civil War: Battle of Kernstown - Confederate General Jubal Early defeats Union troops led by General George Crook in an effort to keep Yankees out of the Shenandoah Valley.

July_25
July 25 is the 206th day (207th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 159 days remaining.

July_26
July 26 is the 207th day (208th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 158 days remaining.

The declaration of independence of the northern Low Countries from the Spanish king, Philip II.

1775 - The birth of what would later become the United States Post Office Department was established by the Second Continental Congress and Benjamin Franklin was appointed the first Postmaster General.

1803 - the Surrey Iron Railway, arguably the world's first public railway, opens in south London.

Department_S
Department_S

The series lasted for 28 episodes, which aired during 1969-1970.

The series starred Peter Wyngarde as Jason King (who later went on to star in his own spin-off series), Joel Fabiani as Stewart Sullivan and Rosemary Nicols as Annabelle Hurst.

The trio were agents for a fictional special department (the 'S' of the title) of Interpol.

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Carte_Orange
A holder of the pass is entitled to unlimited use of the public transit system within a given period of time, with cartes oranges being available for durations of one week or one month.

The public transportation system (RER, MÃ©tro, bus and tramway) in the Parisian region, the ÃŽle de France, is divided into eight zones, and different cartes oranges are valid for different zones.

The subway pass â€” a small, rectangular ticket composed mainly of stiff paper â€” lists the period of time and the zones for which it is valid, as well as its price.

Main_Page
Main_Page

White blackface performers in the past used burnt cork, then later greasepaint, to affect jet-black skin and exaggerated lips, often wearing woolly wigs, gloves, tails or ragged clothes to complete the transformation.

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Moncada_Barracks
On July 26, 1953, at 5:00AM, Fidel Castro and his brother RaÃºl led 160 poorly-armed and perhaps overeager insurgents in an attack on dictator Fulgencio Batista's second largest fortress in Cuba, headquarters of the 1,000 strong Maceo regiment.

Their plan was to take the barracks, including the radio transmitter within it, and use it as a centre from which to broadcast propaganda to the Cuban people.

Quarterback
The quarterback is a position in the offensive backfield of American and Canadian football, directly behind players of the "line".

If the quarterback is tackled behind the line of scrimmage, it is known as a sack.

Blackface
This reproduction of a 1900 minstrel show poster, originally published by the Strobridge Litho Co.,

shows the transformation from white to "black".

White blackface performers in the past used burnt cork, then later greasepaint, to affect jet-black skin and exaggerated lips, often wearing woolly wigs, gloves, tails or ragged clothes to complete the transformation.

American
For an article about those various uses, please see Use of the word American.

This page was last modified 02:20, 21 July 2005.

Fidel_Castro
Fidel Castro Ruz (born August 13, 1926), has led Cuba since 1959, when, leading the 26th of July Movement, he overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista, and transformed Cuba into the first Communist state in the Western Hemisphere.

During his more than 40-year rule, he has emerged as one of the most controversial political figures in the world.

Liberia
It has recently been afflicted by two civil wars (1989â€“1996 and 1999â€“2003) that have displaced hundreds of thousands of its citizens and destroyed the Liberian economy.

Internet TLD

.l

The historical roots from which a majority of present-day Liberians derive their identity, however, are found in the varied traditions of the several tribal groups of indigenous Africans whom the settlers confronted in their struggle to gain a foothold in Africa and, later, extend their control into the interior.

On July 26, 1847, the Americo-Liberians declared the independence of the Republic of Liberia.

2005_Tour_de_France
It was a clockwise route, visiting the Alps before the Pyrenees.

The traditional prologue on the first day was replaced by an individual time trial of more than twice the length of a standard prologue.

Theater_in_the_U.S.
For information about the movie industry see Cinema of the United States.

Free_content
Free content, or free information, is any kind of functional work, artwork, or other creative content upon which no legal restriction has been placed that significantly interferes with people's freedom to use, redistribute, improve, and share the content.

Importantly, when free content is modified, expanded, or incorporated within another work, the resulting work must be legally distributable, either just as freely as or under more restrictive terms than the original.

Free content, whether available at no cost or only for a fee, must be able to be changed if it may be used at all.

Because the law by default grants copyright holders monopolistic control over their creations, copyrighted content must be explicitly declared free, usually by the referencing or inclusion of licensing statements from within the work.

Retirement
Retirement

This usually happens upon reaching a determined age, when physical conditions don't allow the person to work any more (by illness or accident), or even for personal choice (usually in the presence of an adequate pension).

The retirement with a pension is considered a right of the worker in many societies, and hard ideological, social, cultural and political battles have been fought for this right to be granted.

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Cosmetics
"In the 1800s, Queen Victoria publicly declared makeup impolite.

It was viewed as vulgar and something that was worn by actors and prostitutes."

Acrocyanosis
Acrocyanosis is a disorder of the cardiovascular system that causes cyanosis (a bluish discoloration of the skin) of the hands and sometimes the feet.

Lord's_Cricket_Ground
For more coverage of cricket, go to the Cricket portal.

Lord's Cricket Ground is a cricket ground in St John's Wood in London, at grid reference TQ268827.

Lord's is often referred to as the Home of Cricket.

Afonso_I_of_Portugal
Afonso I of Portugal (English Alphonzo), more commonly known as Afonso Henriques, or also Affonso (Archaic Portuguese), Alfonso or Alphonso (Portuguese-Galician) or Alphonsus (Latin version), (GuimarÃ£es, 1109, traditionally July 25 â€“ Coimbra, 1185 December 6), also known as the Conqueror ( Port.

o Conquistador), was the first king of Portugal, declaring his independence from Leon.

He was proclaimed king in July 26, 1139 and died on December 6, 1185 in Coimbra.

At the end of the 11th century, the Iberian Peninsula political agenda was mostly concerned with the Reconquista, the driving out of the Muslim successor-states to the Caliphate of CÃ³rdoba after its collapse.

Theater
For other usages see Theatre (disambiguation)

Theatre is that branch of the performing arts concerned with acting out stories in front of an audience using combinations of speech, gesture, music, dance, sound and spectacle â€” indeed any one or more elements of the other performing arts.

In addition to the standard narrative dialogue style, theatre takes such forms as opera, ballet, mime, kabuki, classical Indian dance, Chinese opera, mummers' plays, and pantomime.

[edit]

Overview of theatre

"Drama" (literally translated, is defined as: Action) is that branch of theatre in which speech, either from written text (plays), or improvised is paramount.

However, theatre is more than just what one sees on stage.

Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar
SimÃ³n JosÃ© Antonio de la SantÃ­sima Trinidad BolÃ­var y Palacios (July 24, 1783 â€“ December 17, 1830) was a South American revolutionary leader.

Credited with leading the fight for independence in what are now the nations of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, today's Panama and Bolivia, he is revered as a hero in those countries and throughout the rest of Latin America.

Among his tutors was SimÃ³n RodrÃ­guez, from whose ideas and educational style was heavily influenced.

Esperanto
The name derives from D-ro Esperanto (Dr.

Hopeful), the pseudonym under which L. L. Zamenhof first published the language in 1887.

Renminbi
Renminbi

The renminbi (Simplified Chinese: äººæ°‘å¸�; Traditional Chinese: äººæ°‘å¹£; pinyin: rÃ©nmÃ­nbÃ¬; literally "people's currency") is the official currency in the mainland of the People's Republic of China.

It is issued by the People's Bank of China, the monetary authority of the PRC. The official ISO 4217 abbreviation is CNY, although also commonly abbreviated against ISO standard as "RMB."

China's currency, which for the previous decade had been tightly pegged at 8.2

8 renminbi to the U.S. dollar, was revalued in July 2005 to 8.1

U.S. dollar.

The People's Bank of China also announced that the renminbi would be pegged to a market basket of foreign currencies, rather than being strictly tied to the U.S. dollar, and would trade within a narrow 0.3

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Hey_Jude
For the album of the same name, see Hey Jude (album).

All Music Guide (4.5

"Hey Jude" is a song attributed to Paul McCartney and John Lennon (but largely the work of McCartney).

The song, despite its unusual length of 7 minutes, 11 seconds on the original 45 rpm version, became the Beatles' best-selling single.

Archie_Campbell
Archie_Campbell

Archie Campbell (born November 7, 1914 in Bulls Gap, Tennessee, died August 29, 1987 in Knoxville, Tennessee) was a writer and star of Hee Haw, a popular long-running country-flavored television variety show.

Campbell studied art at Mars Hill College in North Carolina, after which he began a radio career at WNOX in Knoxville.

At the end of World War II, Campbell returned to WNOX. He left that station for rival WROL where he helped start Knoxville's first country music television show (on WROL-TV), "Country Playhouse" that premiered in 1952 and ran until 1958.

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Public_transport
While it is generally taken to mean rail and bus services, wider definitions would include scheduled airline services, ferries, taxicab services etc.

Andy_Ducat
Andrew Ducat (born February 16, 1886 in Brixton, London - died July 23, 1942 at Lord's Cricket Ground, St John's Wood, London) was an England and Surrey cricketer.

Ducat died of an apparent heart attack whilst playing in a wartime cricket match and remains the only man to have died during a game at Lord's.

He played in only one Test, against Australia in 1921.

In later years he was captain of a cup-winning Aston Villa football team and was cricket coach at Eton.

Ducat was one of the Wisden Cricketers of the Year in 1920.

Lance_Armstrong
For other uses, see Lance Armstrong (disambiguation).

Armstrong on the cover of Sports Illustrated after winning the 2004 Tour de France.

He is most famous for recovering from testicular cancer to subsequently win the Tour de France a record seven consecutive timesâ€”1999 to 2005.

His success prompted some to nickname the event the Tour de Lance.

Spin-off
A spin-off (or spinoff) is a new organization or entity formed by a split from a larger one such as a new company formed from a university research group.

Spin-offs can include a dissenting faction of a membership organization, a sect of a cult, a denomination of a church, a diversified branch of a large corporation, or a start-up company formed by members of a research group at a university.

21_July_2005_London_bombings
On 21 July 2005, four attempted bomb attacks disrupted part of London's public transport system exactly two weeks after the 7 July 2005 London bombings.

People's_Republic_of_China
People's_Republic_of_China

For other uses, see PRC (disambiguation).

For the historical and cultural entity, see China.

EOT

Jean_Charles_de_Menezes
Jean_Charles_de_Menezes

Jean Charles de Menezes (January 7, 1978â€“July 22, 2005) was a Brazilian electrician living in Tulse Hill in south London.

Menezes was shot and killed by Metropolitan Police officers at Stockwell tube station on the London Underground.

A Roman Catholic from Gonzaga in Minas Gerais, Menezes had lived in the United Kingdom for three years before his death.

EOT

Sharm_el-Sheikh
Sharm_el-Sheikh

Sharm el-Sheikh (Ø´Ø±Ù… Ø§Ù„Ø´ÙŠØ®, also transliterated as Sharm ash Shaykh), often known simply as "Sharm," is a city situated on the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula, in Janub Sina', Egypt, on the coastal strip between the Red Sea and Mount Sinai.

It is an approximately four hour drive to IsmaÃ¯lia and a three hour drive to Taba.

EOT

Austin_Powers
Austin_Powers

Austin Powers in International Man of Mystery.

EOT

Cleveland_Browns
In some accounts there may be confusion regarding the team's history due to unusual and unprecedented actions taken following the relocation of the original team to Baltimore, Maryland following the 1995 season.

For that reason, official records and Pro Football Hall of Fame players are attributed to the Browns and not to the Ravens.

Some, however, consider the 1996 Baltimore Ravens and the relocated 1995 Browns as one continuous entity, often using the term The Modell Franchise to denote it (after its long-time owner, Art Modell).