User talk:Ubaid Ullah Baig

GCT SITE Karachi Technology: - Electrical (PASS) Batch 2013-2014 Group: - Yellow Project: - point to point water level control and sensing Electrical Energy has become essential in our daily life regarding to run different industries, factories, machines, house appliances and many others. This project is designed to overcome energy conservation in a wide range of useless consumption of electrical energy in different fields. Reducing the consumption may also maintain our tariff and as well as power factor. The saved energy may be utilize for different purpose or restored. In this way the efficiency of machines increases. This project consists of simple a float switches/sensor, electric pump and some accessories for its controlling purpose. The system is design such a way that it works according to level of water in the tank. We have putted three sensor or switches for its sensing an operation. A pump is required for filling water in the tank. The sensor may show an indication on the panel regarding to the level of water. The indication lamps are of different colors, red shows low level whereas yellow shows medium level and blue shows full level. In this way we would be able to know about the level of water in the tank. So that the pump will run automatically according to demand rather than switching again and again in every little level dropping down of water.

Procedure: - Initially if we talk about the power control system we came across a circuit breaker which is further connected to a contactor than to the pump motor. The control diagram is the important part of an electrical system which controls all the system for make and break of connections. We have two options to provide power to the control system, 1. Direct from the phase through a breaker 2. Through transformer 24v DC In this project we have connected the control supply through phase wire. Initially current will be limited or from short circuit prevention we use fuse after that fuse the supply is connected to a circuit breaker, here the circuit breaker works for over load or manually switching on off purpose and then an emergency control switch, here it is used to cut off the supply in emergency case further that the connection goes on to the low and high level float switches which are fitted in a tank. Both high level float switch and low level float switch is generally kept normally closed. When the water level reduced from the low level point, the switch latches so the current flows through switch and that current energizes the coil of contactor. As a result the plunger strikes so the power makes its way to the motor pump. Now come to the left side of the diagram here the high level float switch is kept normally closed. When the water level reaches the top position of the tank than the switch changes its position from normally close position to normally open position due to change of position the supply breaks and the contactor auxiliary changes their positions as the contactor normally open auxiliary is in series to a relay. Once the contactor latches due to looping the supply to its auxiliary point remains continues unless the contactor coil supply is not broken or cut off. One low level float switch is used in the tank 2 to prevent the water level to a limited level. As the water reduce from that position the control circuit will cut off. If we do not do that them the motor will run weather water is available in the upper tank or not and as a result the motor will burnt out. For indication purpose indication lamps are connected the relay auxiliary points. One may indicates the low level and the other may indicate the high level. such more technology are required to preserve electrical energy for our future generation.

Engineer Ubaid Ullah Baig Hunzai