User talk:Xiran Zhao/sandbox

Annotated Bibliography Xiran Zhao Topic: Censorship in Jamaica

Block, Kristen. Ordinary Lives in the Early Caribbean : Religion, Colonial Competition, and the Politics of Profit. Athens: U of Georgia, 2012. Early American Places. Web.

In this article provides me the background knowledge of the early Caribbean period. Due to the Jamaican unique history of colonialism, the influence of Spain and England is significant to today’s Jamaican culture, literature. The author used the stories of average people, explained the central position of Christianity in Jamaican history, as well as pushing historians to think about the question of “how self-censorship, anxiety, and shame have shaped the historical record.”

"Jamaican Censors Cut 'Amistad'." Sentinel [Los Angeles, Calif.] 11 Mar. 1998: B5. Web.

This short article is about the movie "Amistad" was cut the opening scene in Jamaica, since it was restricted rating in U.S.; more importantly, the authorities thought the scene of a slave ship revolt was inappropriate showing for Jamaican audiences because of considering the Jamaican slave trade history. The film censorship in Jamaica also attracted criticism and disappointment from people.

Lalla, Barbara. "Creole and Respec' in the Development of Jamaican Literary Discourse." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 20.1 (2005): 53-84. Web.

This article introduces the use of Creole in Jamaican Literature in the different period. In the early 20th century, by the influence of England, there had been limited to using Creole in literature; but later on, with the limited freedom of movement, Creole gradually becomes an identification mark of Jamaican literature discourse.

Watson, Roxanne. "“DAGGERING” AND THE REGULATION OF QUESTIONABLE BROADCAST MEDIA CONTENT IN JAMAICA." Communication Law and Policy 16.3 (2011): 255-315. Web.

This article argues the conflict of the dancehall and government in terms of the issue of “Daggering music”, they also pursue methods to monitoring and enforcing this new style music. With the emergence of the “Daggering music” in 2008, The Broadcasting Commission of Jamaica was forced stop playing “Daggering music”, because people complained the content of “Daggering music” involved a large number sex and homosexual lyrics. This article includes the regulation in Jamaican media, broadcast censorship in Jamaica, and various other people’s view for and against the issue.

"Canada: Silencing Jamaican Musicians Fuels Censorship Debate." Freemuse. N.p., 18 Mar. 2013. Web. 27 Oct. 2016.

In this debate, it gives me a new perspective of other country’s view of “daggering music”, and through the way of people’s reaction, such as a Canadian coalition, Community Church were calling for a boycott of Jamaica and its music; it can been censorship is more powerful in other developed country, also the issue of “daggering music” related a list of negative impacts to Jamaica’s economy and politics.

Watson, Roxanne. "Toward Reform of Defamation Law in the British Caribbean: Efforts at Reform in the United Kingdom and Jamaica." Communication Law and Policy 18.2 (2013): 155-216. Web.

This article focuses on the need for transparency in public affairs and aims to reform the Caribbean defamation law in a better way that can integrate into democracy. The author also indicates the government transparency promotes the democratic process in Jamaica. This article also emphasis talk about the importance of government transparency that can be seen as a transformation of Jamaica politics, a new political environment will be formed.

Fisher, Kellye-Rae. "JAMAICA: A DEVELOPING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD OF COPYRIGHT." Copyright & New Media Law Newsletter 17.2 (2013): 5-6,11. Web. Copyright

This article demonstrates the issue of copyright in Jamaica; since Jamaica as a developing country, the lack of awareness of copyright for the artist, writer towards a questionable copyright protection and enforcement. As a former British colony, Jamaica's Copyright framework is mostly based on the British structure. In this article, it also discussed the case of Bob Marley about his extension of the copyright term allow him to collect royalties for extra decades. This article includes the Jamaica Intellectual Property Office (JIPO), the U.K. Copyright Act of 1956, as well as Jamaica's Copyright Act of 1993.

Hume Nicola Johnson. "Performing Protest in Jamaica: The Mass Media as Stage." International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics 4.2 (2008): 163-82. Web. This article shows the relationship between the mass media and performing protest, the author argues they are interdependence. In this article, it provides me the role of media in Jamaican society; also through citizen’s view of mass media, it gives me the sense of the real situation in Jamaican politics.

"NEW DISCUSSIONS:"CENSORSHIP AND THE ARTS IN THE CARIBBEAN"" NEW DISCUSSIONS:“CENSORSHIP AND THE ARTS IN THE CARIBBEAN” ~ ART:Jamaica. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Oct. 2016

This article talked about the Jamaican dancehall culture and freedom of public art. The author indicants the significance of art in the postcolonial world, it can be seen as a development of the whole society. This article also introduced a “Censorship and the Arts in the Caribbean” project.

Jamaican Broadcasting Commission. 2009. Statement by the Broadcasting Commission on Actions and Recent Directives Relating to Broadcasting Media Content. Kingston, JM.

This statement examines the “daggering song” against provisions of “Regulation 30(d) and Regulation 30(l) of the Television and Sound Broadcasting Regulations”. Through this statement published by broadcasting commission, giving me a better understanding in Jamaica broadcast censorship, and the limitation of Jamaican dancehall culture.