User talk:Yuyanchen97/sandbox

Critique of Wikipedia Page on Peptidoglycan
The Start-Class rated Wikipedia page on peptidoglycan leads readers to browse the topic through four different headings: structure, synthesis, inhibition, and similarity to pseudopeptidoglycan. Overall, the page provides a clear overview on the chemistry behind peptidoglycan structure and its synthesis process through a felicitous use of hyperlinks, neutral viewpoint, and reliable references from academic presses. However, the imbalanced coverage for equally important headings, missing relevant sections for information that is introduced in the lead, and lack of images to augment the understanding of chemical reactions suggest areas for improvement. The page’s extensive coverage of peptidoglycan structure and synthesis process compared to the brief inhibition section is unjustified considering the importance of understanding antibiotic mechanisms for disease treatments. In addition to penicillin and lysozyme, β-lactam antibiotics such as cephalosporins and carbapenems also inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis. The page should elaborate on how they inhibit transpeptidation reactions and make connections with the different peptidoglycan synthesis process in cocci and non-spherical bacteria during binary fission. Pivotal aspects, such as the function of peptidoglycan and the differences between gram positive and negative bacterial peptidoglycan, that are touched on in the lead have the potential to develop into new headings. Peptidoglycan’s usage in preventing bacteria from undergoing osmotic lysis in a hypotonic environment and its inability to prevent antibiotics from entering the bacteria should be elaborated in a new heading for peptidoglycan functions. Moreover, bacterial detection through the different proteins embedded in gram positive and negative bacteria’s peptidoglycan is also an important aspect. --Yuyan Chen (talk) 20:53, 17 September 2017 (UTC)

Assignment 2: Choose Your Wikipedia Article
The existence of heterotroph is ubiquitous and it’s not a surprise to find that the topic has been the focus of many discussions for a long period of time. The Wikipedia article on heterotroph verifies the high notability of this topic owing to its fulfillment of three criteria: significant coverage, reliable, and sources independent of subject. The article is supported by several textbooks such as Hogg’s Essential Microbiology, McGraw-Hill Higher Education’s How Cells Harvest Energy, and Campbell and Reece’s Biology; all of which have specific chapters dedicated towards the discussion of heterotroph in relation to respiration. The content of these textbooks is verifiable because it is a secondary source written by experts on the subject and published by renowned providers such as Wiley-Blackwell, McGraw-Hill Higher Education, and Benjamin Cummings. Lastly, the publishers are third parties who won’t be benefitting from holding a biased view on the subject. Despite the high notability of the subject, however, the article remains Start-Class rated, suggesting room for improvement. The ecology section of the article, in particular, merely provides a basic overview of heterotroph’s metabolism processes and underrepresents its ecological importance; therefore, it merits my consideration for improvement. Heterotroph’s interaction with the environment is much more complex and diverse than processing organic carbons. It metabolizes different carbon, electron, and energy sources from the environment in various ways. For instance, heterotroph catabolizes nutrients through glycolysis, extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, or periplasmic enzymes. It plays a pivotal role in the environment by the mineralization of elements, allowing them to become available to plants. In order to enrich the discussion of ecology in relation to heterotroph, I would elaborate on heterotroph’s anabolism, catabolism, and ecological importance. Heterotroph has two modes of catabolism, respiration and fermentation, which are concepts not discussed in the article. Those that catabolize by respiration will interact with the environment by taking in various terminal electron acceptors and releasing waste products. Classical and non-classical fermentation also determines whether a heterotroph will yield H2 gas into the atmosphere. Decomposition of organic matter is also a defining feature of heterotrophs that allows them to convert environmental elements from organic to inorganic form. --Yuyan Chen (talk) 00:32, 26 September 2017 (UTC)

==Notes=

==Notes=

Harjot Bhandol's Peer Review
The edit lacks clarity on multiple topics. For instance, sentence 2 mentions heterotrophs can respire or ferment implying that all heterotrophs are capable of both, which is untrue. Furthermore, the definition of mineralization is unclear and thus proceeding sentences (9 – 12) draws no parallels to heterotrophy for an audience with little microbial ecology background. The discussion of cytoplasmic enzymes implies that nutrients with carbon, hydrogen and oxygen cannot be used as substrates, once again an untrue statement. Restructuring the above sentences should be considered to improve writing style while also correcting the information.

Be clearer on the role of NAD+ in relation to heterotrophs by stating its involvement in fermentation and respiration so that information is easier to read by a diverse audience. To avoid making claims on unnamed groups, provide examples of environmental conditions and the heterotrophs that inhabit them as opposed to stating “some” as is done in sentence 6. This will allow you to maintain neutral content and tone. Also, there is a major grammatical error as sentence four is incomplete; this disrupts your overall structure.

Overall, the ecological importance of heterotrophs has good coverage from the second reference; however, there should be balanced coverage from the other references. Also consider adding the citation from reference 2 more frequently as the source of some statements may be unclear to readers. Having said this, the references provided are reliable.

Information flowed well; general information on heterotrophs was first established following more specific processes like mineralization. The placement of this subsection as the last topic discussed in the wikiarticle is a good idea because the preceding sections are more general to heterotrophy; this makes your edit easier to read, as it is information dense. Finally, no redundancy was evident within the edit itself and the wikiarticle as a whole. Harjot Bhandol (talk) 05:34, 7 November 2017 (UTC)