Ustyluh

Ustyluh (Устилуг; Uściług; אוסטילע), also known as Ustilug, is a small city in Volodymyr Raion, Volyn Oblast, Ukraine. It is situated on the east side of the border with Poland, and 13 km west of the city of Volodymyr. Population:

Igor Stravinsky had an estate in Ustyluh and visited it frequently between 1890 and 1914. His mansion is now a museum.

History
The oldest settlement in the territory of Ustyluh existed back in the Copper Age. During the times of Kievan Rus (9th to 12th centuries CE), there was a fortified settlement in the same location, with a necropolis nearby consisting of 29 burial mounds. In 1897, archaeologist M. F. Bilyashevsky excavated three of these mounds. Ustyluh was among the fortified towns taken by Volodymyr the Great. To this day, a pentagonal fortress remains, surrounded by earthen ramparts made of beaten clay, which in height are not inferior to the ramparts of Volodymyr's capital, and it is pierced from the east by the city gate.

Until the Russian Revolution of 1917, it was a settlement in Vladimir-Volynsky Uyezd of Volhynian Governorate of the Russian Empire; from 1921 to 1939 it was part of Wołyń Voivodeship of Poland. It has been a town since 1940.

Prior to World War II it had a population of at least 3,200 Jews. The Germans bombarded Ustyluh heavily on the morning of 22 June 1941, the day of the outbreak of war between the Soviet Union and Germany. The German Army conquered the town toward evening. The Germans established a Jewish ghetto, a Judenrat, and a ghetto police force, and used the town's Jews for slave labor. From time to time the Germans took groups of Jewish youth to a valley next to the Jewish cemetery and shot them. In October 1941 alone, the Germans killed 900 Jews from the town intelligentsia. The Germans transferred the remaining Jews of Ustyluh to the Volodymyr ghetto between September 1 and 15, 1942, and murdered them there along with the local Jews in pits prepared for the killings in the village of Piatydnie.

In January 1989 the population was 2,404 people.

With the opening of the Ustyluh-Zosyn international border crossing, the city's role has grown especially important. After Ukraine gained its independence, the Ustyluh-Zosyn international border crossing with Poland was opened in the city. In August 2015, the city became the center of the newly created Ustyluh urban hromada.