Valinhos

Valinhos is a municipality (município) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It is the birthplace of Adoniran Barbosa. Valinhos is famous for its purple fig, the theme of its annual Fig Fest. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas. The population is 131,210 in an area of 148.54 km2. Its elevation is 660 m. Its name means 'little valleys' in Portuguese.

History
The city was founded on 2 December 1732 by Alexandre Simões Vieira. A passage between the villages of São Paulo and Jundiaí had been opened. The main economic foundation of the town in the 19th century was the production of coffee, figs and grapes. Later on, a railway was created to transport the products to the Port of Santos.

Since the fig has been a town's symbol, the city counsel organizes the Festa do Figo (a traditional Fig Fest, attended by more than 75,000 people yearly). The city is mainly composed by closed neighbourhoods, condominium complexes and some residential buildings. There is also a Colégio Visconde de Porto Seguro.

Geography
Mostly two thirds of the area is a rural community scattered around 89 km², however, the urban area is growing as soon as the neighbourhoods are built. Around the city are the most important highways of the state of São Paulo, which are named Anhanguera, Bandeirantes and Dom Pedro I.  They connect all parts of the state and are considered the best highways in the country.

Economy
Part of the greater Campinas, Valinhos hosts branches from several multinational companies; Vermeer, Wenger, Cogna Educação, Chr. Hansen, Eaton, Unilever, Schlegel-Giesse and many others. According to the magazine Exame, Valinhos is the 12th best city in Brazil in terms of life quality.

Demography
Population (in percentage) Area
 * 2018: 127,123 citizens
 * Urban 95%
 * Rural 5%
 * Urban 65.9 km²
 * Rural 88.0 km²

Health, Security and Education
These three sections are provided by the government and are well designed in the town, as well as the children and teenagers have the chance to learn, have their free time, play some sports and are within a secure area. There are two new hospitals in the town that looks after partly two thirds of the population, where it's not paid. However, there is another one, which is private that attends the other third.

Media
In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).