Vertiginidae

Vertiginidae, common name the whorl snails, is a family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.

Distribution
The distribution of the Vertiginidae is in the Northern Hemisphere: North America (60 species), Eurasia (30 species), North and central Africa (3-5 species). That gives a total of approximately 93-95 species.

Ecology
Snails in this family inhabit habitats ranging from forests to semi-open and open habitats with various different kinds of substrate cover, vegetation and humidity. They feed on microflora - bacteria and fungi - growing on dead and living plants.

Taxonomy
The following three subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):
 * Subfamily Vertigininae Fitzinger, 1833
 * Tribe Vertiginini Fitzinger, 1833
 * Tribe Truncatellinini Steenberg, 1925 - synonyms: Truncatellininae; Columellinae Schileyko, 1998 - raised in 2016 to family level Truncatellinidae
 * Subfamily Gastrocoptinae Pilsbry, 1918 - synonyms: Hypselostomatinae Zilch, 1959; Aulacospirinae Zilch, 1959
 * Subfamily Nesopupinae Steenberg, 1925 - synonym: Cylindrovertillidae Iredale, 1940

Genera
Genera in the family Vertiginidae include:


 * Subfamily Vertigininae

Tribe Vertiginini
 * Vertigo O. F. Müller, 1773 - the type genus of the family Vertiginidae


 * Subfamily Nesopupinae
 * Bothriopupa Pilsbry, 1898
 * Bothriopupa tenuidens (C. B. Adams, 1845)
 * Costigo O. Boettger, 1891
 * Cylindrovertilla O. Boettger, 1881
 * Glandicula F. Sandberger, 1875 †
 * Helenopupa Pilsbry & C. M. Cooke, 1920
 * Indopupa Pilsbry & C. M. Cooke, 1920
 * Insulipupa Pilsbry & C. M. Cooke, 1920
 * Lyropupa Pilsbry, 1900
 * Minacilla H. Nordsieck, 2014 †
 * Negulopsis H. Nordsieck, 2014 †
 * Nesopupa Pilsbry, 1900 - the type genus of the subfamily Nesopupinae
 * Nesopuparia Pilsbry, 1926
 * Nesopupilla Pilsbry & C. M. Cooke, 1920
 * Nesoropupa Gargominy, 2008
 * Paracraticula Oppenheim, 1890 †
 * Pronesopupa Iredale, 1913
 * Trigonopupa H. Nordsieck, 2014 †
 * Staurodon Lowe, 1852 : synonym of Vertigo O. F. Müller, 1773
 * Subfamily ?
 * Acmopupa O. Boettger, 1889 †
 * Propupa Stworzewicz & Pokryszko, 2006 †
 * Pseudelix O. Boettger, 1889 †
 * Tetoripupa Isaji, 2010 †
 * Sterkia Pilsbry, 1898 : synonym of Vertigo O. F. Müller, 1773