Veterans' benefits

The Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) under the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides a wide variety of benefits to retired or separated United States armed forces personnel and their dependents or survivors. Through the VA, Veterans can receive educational assistance (GI Bill), healthcare, assisted living, home loans, insurance, and burial and memorial services. The VA also provides compensation to disabled veterans who suffer from a medical disorder or injury that was incurred in, or aggravated by, their military service, and which causes social and occupational impairment. Many U.S. states also offer disability benefits for veterans.

Educational Benefits
The VA offers several education and career readiness programs including tuition assistance, vocational training, and career counseling. The Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 (commonly known as the "Post 9/11 GI Bill") provides full tuition and fees at four-year colleges or other qualified educational programs for Veterans who served on active duty for at least 3 years after September 11, 2001. The Personalized Career Planning and Guidance program (VA Chapter 38) provides free educational and career planning for eligible Veterans.

Medical Benefits
Eligible Veterans can receive VA health care, which covers standard preventative care and treatment services, as well as therapy and rehabilitation services, prosthetic items, and radiation oncology, among other services. Veterans with service-related physical conditions (e.g. chronic illness or injury) or mental health conditions (e.g. PTSD) can also apply for monthly tax-free disability compensation from the VA.

Employment Benefits
The Veteran Readiness and Employment program (VA Chapter 31) offers vocational rehabilitation, training, and other career services for Veterans who have a service-related disability. The Veteran Small Business Certification program provides advantages for Veteran-owned small businesses competing for government contracts.

Other Benefits
Additional benefits are available through the VA to qualifying Veterans including VA home loans, life insurance, pensions, and miscellaneous grants.

History
Archival record of the benefits awarded to injured soldiers and veterans of the American Civil War began after 1865. Union soldiers received a more committed pension archival effort on the part of the Federal government, thanks to superior databases in the North and a more stable bureaucratic oversight. Turmoil during Reconstruction in the war-weary South made any effort at maintaining pension records difficult if not impossible. Later university-led research projects would give insight into the history of pension provisions by the Federal government leading up to the Civil War. These analysis shed light on the ever-changing role of compensation in American society and delved into the idea that American Revolutionary War soldiers received superior care after war than later Civil War veterans.

In 1932 veterans from the First World War marched on Washington as the Bonus Army, also known as the Bonus Expeditionary Force, to demand benefits.