Volte-face

Volte-face ( or ) is a total change of position, as in policy or opinion; an about-face.

The expression comes from the French language.

In the context of politics a volte-face is, in modern English, often referred to as a U-turn (in the UK and US) or a flip-flop or about-face (US).

In politics

 * The royal assent by Charles I in June 1628 to the Petition of Right.
 * The 1938 decision of British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain to subsidize Balkan economies to resist German economic supremacy.
 * The 1990s switch of the Bharatiya Janata Party of India from a support of swadeshi (national) products to the embrace of free market ideas
 * The switch from populist protectionist policies that fed national movements to free market capitalism, wholly at odds with the election promises of Solidarity in Poland and the African National Congress in South Africa

In diplomacy

 * The Diplomatic Revolution
 * The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
 * The successful manoeuver of Italy in September 1943, when the Italian Army capitulated immediately after the Allied invasion of Sicily. Italy switched sides from one of the aggressor Axis Powers and was allowed to co-operate with the Allies with notable benefits.
 * The Soviet switch from supporting Somalia to supporting Ethiopia during the Ogaden War

In business

 * New Coke replaced Coca-Cola's main product with one containing a different formula. After a public backlash, Coca-Cola reintroduced the original formulation.

In gender

 * Jean Anouilh described the gender reassignment of Michel-Marie Poulain in 1946 as a volte-face.