Water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's team rosters

These are the rosters of all participating teams at the women's water polo tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. The ten national teams were required to submit squads of 12 players. Additionally, teams could name one alternate player. In the event that a player on the submitted squad list suffered an injury or illness, that player would be able to be replaced by the player in the alternate list. On 3 July 2021, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) confirmed that there was a change for the 2020 Summer Olympics, allowing all 13 water polo players named to be available on the roster, with 12 being named for each match. This change was implemented due to the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. As of 7 August 2021, all players competed in the women's tournament.

As the head coach of the South Africa women's national water polo team, Delaine Mentoor became the first female head coach in the men's and women's Olympic water polo tournaments.

Australia
 Australia's final squad was announced on 24 May 2021.

Head coach: Predrag Mihailović

Note: Age as of 23 July 2021 Source: Australia Women | Tokyo 2020 Olympics 

Canada
 Canada's final squad was announced on 28 June 2021.

Head coach: David Paradelo

Note: Age as of 23 July 2021 Source: Canada Women | Tokyo 2020 Olympics 

Netherlands
 The Netherlands's final squad was announced on 24 June 2021.

Head coach: Arno Havenga

Note: Age as of 23 July 2021 Source: Netherlands Women | Tokyo 2020 Olympics 

South Africa
 South Africa's squad was announced on 24 June 2021. Daniela Passoni and Kelsey White were replaced by Hannah Calvert and Nicola Macleod.

Head coach: Delaine Mentoor

Note: Age as of 23 July 2021 Source: South Africa Women | Tokyo 2020 Olympics 

Spain
<section begin=ESP /> Spain's final squad was announced on 9 July 2021.

<section begin=ESPWPT />Head coach: Miki Oca

Note: Age as of 23 July 2021 Source: Spain Women | Tokyo 2020 Olympics <section end=ESPWPT /><section end=ESP />

China
<section begin=CHN /> <section begin=CHNWPT />Head coach: 🇲🇪 Petar Porobić

Note: Age as of 23 July 2021 Source: China Women | Tokyo 2020 Olympics <section end=CHNWPT /><section end=CHN />

Hungary
<section begin=HUN /> Hungary's final squad was announced on 29 June 2021.

<section begin=HUNWPT />Head coach: Attila Bíró

Note: Age as of 23 July 2021 Source: Hungary Women | Tokyo 2020 Olympics <section end=HUNWPT /><section end=HUN />

Japan
<section begin=JPN /> Japan's final squad was announced on 19 May 2021.

<section begin=JPNWPT />Head coach: Makihiro Motomiya

Note: Age as of 23 July 2021 Source: Japan Women | Tokyo 2020 Olympics <section end=JPNWPT /><section end=JPN />

ROC
<section begin=ROC /> ROC's final squad was announced on 13 July 2021.

<section begin=ROCWPT />Head coach: Alexandr Gaidukov

Note: Age as of 23 July 2021 Source: ROC Women | Tokyo 2020 Olympics <section end=ROCWPT /><section end=ROC />

United States
<section begin=USA /> The United States' final squad was announced on 23 June 2021.

<section begin=USAWPT />Head coach: Adam Krikorian

Note: Age as of 23 July 2021 Source: United States Women | Tokyo 2020 Olympics <section end=USAWPT /><section end=USA />

Age

 * Legend
 * – Female head coach