Whitley County, Indiana

Whitley County is a rural county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 36,825. Whitley County is the 49th largest county in Indiana. The county seat (and only incorporated city) is Columbia City. The county has the highest county number (92) on Indiana license plates, as it is alphabetically the last in the state's list of counties. It is part of the Fort Wayne Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Fort Wayne–Huntington–Auburn Combined Statistical Area.

History
Indiana was granted statehood near the end of 1816. On February 7, 1835, the state legislature approved an omnibus bill that authorized the creation of thirteen counties, including Whitley. It was named for Col. William Whitley, who was killed in the Battle of the Thames in the War of 1812.

The first non-Native American settlers arrived in the area during that year, as a result of the end of the Black Hawk War and completion of the Erie Canal. They were from New England - "Yankee" settlers, descendents of the English Puritans who settled New England in the colonial era. They were primarily members of the Congregational Church though due to the Second Great Awakening many of them had converted to Methodism and some had become Baptists before coming to Indiana. Whitley County government was organized in 1838.

In the late 1870s immigrants began arriving from Germany and Ireland.

Geography
Prior to white settlement, Whitley County's low rolling hills were densely forested, and dotted with lakes across its northern portion. At present, the available land is mostly deforested, and is entirely devoted to agriculture or to urban development. Its highest point (approx. 1000 ft ASL) is a small rise NE of Cedar Lake. The Eel River flows southwestward through the lower part of the county, and the Blue River flows southwestward through the upper part.

According to the 2010 United States Census, the county has a total area of 337.91 sqmi, of which 335.57 sqmi (or 99.31%) is land and 2.34 sqmi (or 0.69%) is water.

Adjacent counties

 * Noble County - north
 * Allen County - east
 * Huntington County - south
 * Wabash County - southwest
 * Kosciusko County - west

City and towns

 * Columbia City (city/county seat)
 * Churubusco
 * Larwill
 * South Whitley

Census-designated place

 * Tri-Lakes

Unincorporated places

 * Blue Lake
 * Briggs
 * Coesse
 * Coesse Corners
 * Collamer
 * Collins
 * Cresco
 * Dunfee
 * Etna
 * Five Points
 * Laud
 * Lorane
 * Luther
 * Peabody
 * Raber
 * Saturn
 * Tunker
 * Washington Center

Townships

 * Cleveland
 * Columbia
 * Etna-Troy
 * Jefferson
 * Richland
 * Smith
 * Thorncreek
 * Union
 * Washington

Lakes

 * Blue Lake
 * Brown Lake
 * Cedar Lake
 * Crooked Lake (part)
 * Dollar Lake
 * Goose Lake
 * Indian Lake
 * Little Cedar Lake
 * Loon Lake (part)
 * Mud Lake
 * New Lake
 * Old Lake
 * Rine Lake
 * Robinson Lake (part)
 * Round Lake
 * Scott Lake
 * Shriner Lake
 * Tadpole Lake
 * Troy Cedar Lake
 * Winters Lake

Protected areas

 * Deniston Resource Area
 * Goose Lake Wetland Conservation Area
 * Pisgah Marsh Nongame Area (part)

Major highways

 * [[Image:US 24.svg|20px]] U.S. Route 24
 * [[Image:US 30.svg|20px]] U.S. Route 30
 * [[Image:US 33.svg|20px]] U.S. Route 33
 * [[Image:indiana 5.svg|20px]] Indiana State Road 5
 * [[Image:indiana 9.svg|20px]] Indiana State Road 9
 * [[Image:indiana 14.svg|20px]] Indiana State Road 14
 * [[Image:indiana 105.svg|20px]] Indiana State Road 105
 * [[Image:indiana 109.svg|20px]] Indiana State Road 109
 * [[Image:indiana 114.svg|20px]] Indiana State Road 114
 * [[Image:indiana 205.svg|20px]] Indiana State Road 205

Climate and weather
In recent years, average temperatures in Columbia City have ranged from a low of 14 °F in January to a high of 83 °F in July, although a record low of -24 °F was recorded in January 1994 and a record high of 103 °F was recorded in June 1988. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.80 in in February to 4.44 in in June.

Government
The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County Council: The legislative branch of the county government; controls spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected to four-year terms from county districts. They set salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.

Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county; commissioners are elected to four-year staggered terms in county-wide elections. One commissioner serves as president. The commissioners execute the acts legislated by the council, collect revenue, and manage the county government.

Court: The county maintains a small claims court that handles civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana bar. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.

County Officials: The county has other officers elected to four-year terms, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.

Whitely County is part of Indiana's 3rd congressional district and as of 2020 is represented by Republican James Edward Banks in the United States Congress.

2010 Census
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 33,292 people, 13,001 households, and 9,228 families in the county. The population density was 99.2 PD/sqmi. There were 14,281 housing units at an average density of 42.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the county was 97.6% white, 0.3% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.3% black or African American, 0.4% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.5% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 38.2% were German, 12.6% were Irish, 12.5% were American, and 9.3% were English.

Of the 13,001 households, 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.4% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 29.0% were non-families, and 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.99. The median age was 40.1 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $63,487. Males had a median income of $44,883 versus $30,724 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,644. About 5.1% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.2% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.