Wikipedia:Embedded citations

An embedded citation or embedded link uses an unnamed link to a URL for an inline citation. The link creates a full-size bracketed number within the rendered text of the sentence, e.g.,, that takes the reader directly to the external website of the reliable source, rather than to the references section at the end of the article. The term embedded here refers to an external link, while inline refers to any shorthand part in the text which is a referent to the full citation at the end of the article.

An embedded citation offers a one-click-away presentation of the source to the reader. (It does not use reference tags to create a link to a footnote, where the reader is then presented with a link to the source.) Unfortunately, this creates two problems. (1) It is then possible to have only the inline part of the embedded citation without the full citation part of the embedded citation in the appendix of the article. (See below for how the full citation is important for article maintenance.) (2) Also the association between the inline part of the embedded citation and the corresponding full citation part of the embedded citation, in the list at the end of the article, is not readily apparent from the rendered text. All the reader sees is a number in square brackets.

Embedded citations that fail to include the full citation part are better than no citation and are easy to implement, but the use of embedded links for inline citations is deprecated. For details about the other inline citation methods see Wikipedia:Citing sources.

Description
Embedded citations are offered as one option for citing sources on Wikipedia. This approach is to place a numbered external link in the text of the article like this: and also put a full citation in a References section.


 * This style of external link should only be used as a citation for a specific section or fact. Other external links should go in an External links section as described at External links.
 * A separate entry in the References section is required. It should include as much information as possible about the source!  If the link breaks, other editors must still be able to find the source, either as a paper copy or at another URL.
 * A full citation might include the link, quoted title, author, title of publication, volume, issue, page, the date of publication, and the date retrieved.
 * An embedded external link is placed after the period at the end of a sentence, or, when within a sentence, after the comma or semicolon at the end of a clause, without intervening space.
 * Embedded links in references do not have to comply fully with the External links guidelines. For example, in the case of an academic journal article, do not omit an external link in a full reference solely because the reference is not freely available to all readers.  When multiple links are available for the same content, please choose the link that best complies with the guidelines.
 * If you are not yet familiar with external link syntax, read External links first.

Examples
For every source, you need to add two links. The first link is a plain URL after the statement that it supports, and the second is a full citation in the references section.

In article
Adding this text during an edit: In 2009 scientists reached one trillion electron volts. 

Would appear as the following, in the article, after the edit was saved:
 * In 2009 scientists reached one trillion electron volts.

Do not use this style:
 * In 2009, Scientists reached one trillion electron volts.

In references
A full citation may be composed by hand or using one of the citation templates developed for aiding in this process. Both techniques are shown and used below with the same result.

Adding this text during an edit:  * Rincon, Paul. "Large Hadron Collider sets world energy record", BBC News, November 30, 2009. Retrieved on November 30, 2009.

Would appear as the following, in the article, after the edit was saved:
 * Rincon, Paul. "Large Hadron Collider sets world energy record", BBC News, November 30, 2009. Retrieved on November 30, 2009.