Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Gevninge helmet fragment/archive1


 * The following is an archived discussion of a featured article nomination. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the article's talk page or in Wikipedia talk:Featured article candidates. No further edits should be made to this page.

The article was promoted by Laser brain via FACBot (talk) 15:56, 11 June 2018.

Gevninge helmet fragment

 * Nominator(s): Usernameunique (talk) 19:29, 26 April 2018 (UTC)

The Gevninge helmet fragment, a gilded piece of metal that would fit in the palm of your hand, is seemingly ripped from the charred pages of the Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf. It was found in Gevninge, a coastal Danish village by Lejre, the contemporary royal capital and thought to be the site of the fabled mead hall Heorot. Beowulf’s trip to the hall takes him by such an outpost, where a “noble warrior”, brandishing a spear, rides down to meet him. If ever there were an artifact that one could imagine as singularly identifiable with a place and a person in Beowulf, the Gevninge helmet fragment is it.

Short and complete, this article covers all the relevant literature, much of which is in Danish. It has been expanded since its recognition as a good article last year, and is ready for FAC. Usernameunique (talk) 19:29, 26 April 2018 (UTC)

Comments from FunkMonk

 * It's finally here! I'll review soon, and of course, if you have any issues with the Danish, let me know. FunkMonk (talk) 19:56, 26 April 2018 (UTC)
 * Many thanks, glad to finally take this one here! --Usernameunique (talk) 13:56, 28 April 2018 (UTC)


 * "Eight centimeters wide and five tall" Give conversions? Also in the infobox.
 * Done.


 * "three kilometers" Also convert, twice.
 * Done.


 * "to the west of Roskilde." Perhaps Roskilde, Denmark, since you only name the country in the infobox prior to that.
 * Changed to "modern-day village in Denmark to the west of Roskilde."


 * "the dexter" Only stated in intro, which should not have unique info.
 * Added to "Description".


 * "The Gevninge helmet fragment therefore exists at the intersection of myth and reality" Only stated in intro.
 * Added to "Context and Beowulf ("evidence of both historical fact and of legend").


 * " glittering in the light." Only stated in intro, seems a bit flowery.
 * Can't argue with you there; every time I've read it I've wondered if I should take it out. Gone.


 * Support - that was quick! Comprehensive for such a tiny piece. One last thing, perhaps state who found it? FunkMonk (talk) 14:01, 28 April 2018 (UTC)
 * Thanks for your review and support, . I assume that it was discovered during excavations led by Tom Christensen, but I haven't seen that explicitly stated; just sent him a email asking exactly when it was found, and by whom. --Usernameunique (talk) 15:36, 28 April 2018 (UTC)

Short comment from Brianboulton
As an uninformed reader of this topic, I think the specific notability of this artefact needs to be more clearly highlighted in the lead, preferably in the opening paragraph. Is it a question of age? Or because it's the only one of its kind? Or does it have particular historical significance? Or some other reason? Some early clarification would give me better guidance in reading the article. Brianboulton (talk) 21:40, 26 April 2018 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the comment . I added a sentence at the end of the first paragraph, please let me know what you think. --Usernameunique (talk) 13:56, 28 April 2018 (UTC)
 * Yes, that's definitely helpful. Brianboulton (talk) 15:34, 28 April 2018 (UTC)

Oppose Support by Richard Nevell
That's a fascinating find, I can see why it caught your attention. The article is detailed, and while I am not familiar with the literature in this area of archaeology it looks to be well researched. While this page is an interesting read, the prose needs a bit more work to improve its readability and it would be worth considering the weight given to Beowulf in this context.


 * The term 'dexter' is used and while it is linked, I wonder if this could be changed to 'right' for a more general audience. Price & Mortimer 2014 doesn't use 'dexter' at all, preferring 'right' instead.
 * The problem with "right" and "left," which dexter and sinister solves, is that they do not give an indication of orientation. "Right" can be from the perspective of the wearer or from the perspective of an observer, who may herself be oriented in any direction. Some (e.g., Price & Mortimer) deal with this by adding a footnote or explanation saying that the orientation of the wearer is assumed, others (e.g., Maryon 1947) deal with this by using dexter and sinister. A benefit of this is that once it is explained it remains clear, while a footnote or tangential explanation can get lost. Another benefit of this is consistency; this terminology hasn't been an issue in two other similar articles that have gone through FAC, Pioneer helmet and Shorwell helmet.
 * Fair enough, that's a good reason to keep it as it is. Richard Nevell (talk) 21:51, 31 May 2018 (UTC)


 * The lead describes Lejre as the royal capital and 'believed to be ... the contemporaneous capital'. The first instance is gives the impression of certainty. I changed the sentence as part of a copy edit, but the previous version didn't have a qualifier either. Lejre is also referred to as the royal capital in the 'discovery' section.
 * Added qualifiers and a citation. Qualification is appropriate in the absence of definitive knowledge, but there aren't really any competing candidates.


 * In the 'discovery' section, which organisation carried out the excavations?
 * Not entirely clear, but as said in the above comments, I sent Christensen an email asking this. Haven't yet heard back.
 * It would be interesting to include if Christensen does reply, but if not then we of course have to work within the limits of the sources. Richard Nevell (talk) 21:51, 31 May 2018 (UTC)


 * 'The excavation was occasioned by the impending construction of houses on an undeveloped hectare of land in the middle of the village' is a bit clunky. I don't know the context of the excavations, but would it be reasonable to rephrase it to 'Before houses were built on undeveloped land, archaeologists were asked to investigate the site and record any archaeological remains. They discovered...'?
 * Rephrased. The undeveloped hectare has some significance. If you click on the coordinates in the infobox and select a satellite view, you'll see how the undeveloped plot stands out as one of the few such areas in the middle of the village.


 * When explaining the deposition of the fragment may have been deliberate, it would be worth explaining why (ie: Price & Mortimer note it's unusual for eyepieces to be found on their own).
 * The article says "If buried alone, it might have been an allusion to the one-eyed god Odin who sacrificed an eye in exchange for wisdom and intelligence in Norse mythology." What else are you looking for? Price & Mortimer make a convincing case that from the sixth century to the Viking Age there was a deliberate practice of eye removal or alteration in a variety of objects, and that this was connected in some way to the belief that Odin had one eye. The significance is much less clear. Price & Mortimer (and others), on this and other evidence, attempt to connect the Sutton Hoo helmet to the face of Odin, and suggest that its wearer—likely a king—was invoking divine kinship and authority. Yet enough objects have been found, in enough different circumstances, that it is clear the meaning transcended rulers trying to say they were divine. Price & Mortimer interpret the similar eyebrow from Uppåkra in the context of its discovery near a building "interpreted as having cultic functions," and among a deposit of weapons. As they argue, "[g]iven the context of military sacrifice, the eyebrow must represent a deliberate deposit and was likely removed from its helmet for that purpose." That's not much to go on—really, it's the context for the significance rather than the significance itself—and given that the area around the Gevninge fragment was only explored with metal detectors, the significance for this piece is even less clear.
 * My thinking is less about the allusion to Odin (which IMO is pretty clear) but why finding an eyepiece on its own might indicate it was deliberately deposited. To the general reader, loss might sound very plausible so a small addition might be worthwhile. Richard Nevell (talk) 21:51, 31 May 2018 (UTC)


 * Are readers going to know what a 'shielding' is?
 * Linked to Scylding.


 * I think it's worth reconsidering how the article discusses Beowulf. I'm not really comfortable with the article saying 'Adornments like the Gevninge helmet fragment [are] evidence of both historical fact and of legend'. It makes it sounds like the eyepiece proves that the legend is true – which is one issue – and what the cited source says cultural affinity between Sutton Hoo, Uppsala and Lejre woven together in the heroic poem, Beowulf. The point is not that the eyepiece is evidence of the legend, but it is part of a culture which had links to England and Denmark.
 * After my changes and the copy edit, the phrase now reads "the fragment provides a nexus between legend and historical fact."


 * I can't read Danish, so even if I had Christensen's works I wouldn't be able to read them. But I would be interested in how he approaches the fragment and Beowulf. Price & Mortimer use Beowulf to show how helmets were used; does Christensen do something similar or is he trying to explicitly link this fragment to the poem? This article's section on 'context and Beowulf' is mostly about how the settlement of Gevninge may be the capital's port, and rather than providing context to the fragment it feels tangential. It builds up to saying that the eyepiece was from a helmet which would have demonstrated the owner's rank. This is an interesting point and could be developed further. Would this have belonged to someone high ranking? The lead goes into more detail on Beowulf than I would expect.
 * You'll see some of the relevant text from Christensen 2002, along with a translation, at the Gevninge DYK nomination. As you will see, he explicitly links the fragment to the poem, and includes lines from the same passage quoted in this article. Christensen also includes more of a discussion of decorated helmets serving as status symbols and objects connected to ceremonies, which is briefly discussed in this article but could be expanded upon; it's always tenuous to discuss the social significance of prehistoric objects, however. To the extent that what Beowulf says about helmets is relevant, it is generally included in the relevant articles: see, e.g., Sutton Hoo helmet#Beowulf, Guilden Morden boar#Boar-crests in Beowulf, and Pioneer Helmet#Boar-crests in Beowulf.


 * What do you mean by Discovered by itself, the Gevninge helmet fragment has little to contextualize it? Are we saying that the excavations recovered not other archaeological finds, or is it simply that the rest of the helmet is missing? Either way we need to be clear. Either way, it would be worth explaining the results of the rescue excavation to give context.
 * It now reads "The Gevninge helmet fragment was discovered by itself, with no other nearby artefacts to give it some context." I'll add some more information on the other finds.


 * What information is there on post-excavation work on the fragment? Are there any challenges in conservation, has it been cleaned up, and who carried out the work?
 * Nothing that has been published. I can ask Christensen if he responds; I can also ask the museum, with whom I have been in contact. The latter I'd prefer to leave until after we clear up the major aspects of your comments, however.

I've made some changes to the text myself, but I think it would be worth getting another editor to give the article a copy edit. The article is an interesting read and I left it feeling more informed about Viking helmets, and there are some fascinating details in there, but for me the issues with the weight on Beowulf and the need for some extra copyediting pushed me to oppose. I hope these comments are useful because this has the makings of a fine article. Richard Nevell (talk) 23:44, 10 May 2018 (UTC)


 * , specific comments are above. has kindly copy-edited the article, which hopefully addresses your readability concerns. From what I can tell of your comments, your main concern is the article's treatment of Beowulf. Perhaps the Christensen translation linked above will help allay this concern, for he treats the connection between Gevninge, the Gevninge helmet fragment, and Beowulf both seriously and explicitly. That's the main significance of the Gevninge fragment. We could always add a section discussing social significance/function (see, e.g., second paragraph of Shorwell helmet), but the Gevninge fragment isn't the best conduit for that discussion. That discussion is better suited for better-preserved helmets, for trying to analyze the significance of an entire object when only a fragment of it remains introduces a second layer of speculation. Moreover, the Gevninge fragment is uniquely suited to the discussion of Beowulf, for it is a military piece from a military outpost akin to the military outpost visited by Beowulf and his men. In other words, the fragment tells us nothing new about the social status of helmets and those who wore them during the Nordic Iron Age and Viking Age, but it does tell us something new about Gevninge, something new about Beowulf, and something new about the relationship between the two of them. --Usernameunique (talk) 01:23, 13 May 2018 (UTC)


 * , I have now reformatted and added to the article. The primary addition is a "Function" section, which discusses how the fragment would have demonstrated rank and status. This level of discussion has been removed from "Context and Beowulf", which now focuses solely on the role of Gevninge and the role of the place Beowulf passes through, and the relationship between them. Now that I believe all your concerns have been addressed I would welcome your response. --Usernameunique (talk) 22:37, 16 May 2018 (UTC)

Striking my oppose as the article has clearly changed - holding off changing to support until I've had a chance to reread the article properly. Sorry for the delay, it's been a busy few weeks. Richard Nevell (talk) 19:00, 22 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Thanks for striking the oppose, . Take your time on the second read; been busy over here too! --Usernameunique (talk) 22:15, 27 May 2018 (UTC)
 * I've had a chance to re-read the article and the prose is much smoother. If the emphasis on Beowulf reflects Christensen's work then it's reasonable to take that approach here. Good work with the article, it's interesting to see how one can be structured around a small find. Richard Nevell (talk) 21:51, 31 May 2018 (UTC)

Comments from Midnightblueowl
Nice work on this, Usernameunique. Good to see these articles being expanded. Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:39, 17 May 2018 (UTC)

In the lede:
 * "during the minor excavation" - I'd scrap the "minor" at this juncture, it really isn't important enough for such a mention in the lede. Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:39, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Done.


 * I'd also wikilink excavation to Excavation (archaeology). Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:39, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Done.


 * "The Gevninge helmet fragment therefore exists at the intersection of myth and reality, shedding light on both historical fact and legend." - a nice turn of phrase, but not really in keeping with Wikipedia's standard style. I'd probably scrap it. Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:39, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Changed to "The Gevninge helmet fragment, a military piece from a riverside outpost, therefore sheds light on the relationship between historical fact and legend."

Description:
 * "8 centimetres (3 in)" - if you spell out "centimetres", then spell out "inches" too. Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:39, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Abbreviated both.


 * "and gilded" - gilded in what? Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:39, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Linked to gilding, which should make clear that the coating is of gold.


 * " found on Danish soil," - perhaps a bit literary for Wikipedia. I'd just say "Denmark". Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:39, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Done.


 * "In the Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf," - this is the first mention of the poem in the main body of the text, so warrants a Wikilink. Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:39, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Done. Unlinked Beowulf in "Context and Beowulf".


 * "The dying words of Beowulf," - ditto, this is the first mention of the hero; it needs a link. Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:39, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Done.


 * "Yet one guarding Gevninge," - the "one" in question being a person, right? As the paragraph is currently structured it implies that the "one" is a helmet. Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:41, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
 * It's being used as an indefinite pronoun meaning "a person," are you sure that's not correct?


 * "Adornments like the Gevninge helmet fragment would have identified the rank of such a person,[24] as well as adding decoration to a helmet.[22][13]" - "helmet" gets repeated here, so perhaps alter the latter part to "as well as adding decoration to the headpiece" or something. Midnightblueowl (talk) 20:41, 17 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Changed to "Adornments like the Gevninge helmet fragment..."

Thanks for your comments,. Responses are above. --Usernameunique (talk) 13:30, 18 May 2018 (UTC)

Support. Good work, Usernameunique. Midnightblueowl (talk) 12:05, 21 May 2018 (UTC)

Image review

 * File:Gevninge helmet fragment - 150x105.png: Use is fine, I see that the license is pending.
 * File:Sutton Hoo helmet 2016.png: Use and license are fine (one could more cleanly delineate between the artifact's copyright and the photographer's copyright).
 * Would PD-art-3d work?
 * Yes. Jo-Jo Eumerus (talk, contributions) 10:20, 2 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Done. —Usernameunique (talk) 11:07, 2 June 2018 (UTC)
 * File:Beowulf folio 137r.png: License and use are fine for me. I take that the quoted text is from the photographed text.
 * Yes; added a footnote to the caption to make it clear.
 * ALT text is fine. Jo-Jo Eumerus (talk, contributions) 15:52, 1 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the review, . Responses are above. --Usernameunique (talk) 23:56, 1 June 2018 (UTC)

Comments from JM
I hope I haven't missed the party!
 * I think the lead is much too long for an article of this length. I think the third paragraph could be dropped altogether, the fourth merged into the first two, and the remainder trimmed a little.
 * I'm struck that the word "Denmark" doesn't appear in the opening sentences!
 * Is Lejre Museum worth a wikilink? Don't be scared of redlinks!
 * It feels like there's a little repetition between the discovery and context sections.

Very nice. I particularly enjoyed the way the helmet has been linked so closely with Beowulf! Josh Milburn (talk) 12:21, 3 June 2018 (UTC)

Sources review
The sources look to be in good order and of the appropriate quality and reliability. My only (trivial ) query: is there a reason for the absence of "p." or "pp." in the Beowolf citations? Brianboulton (talk) 19:51, 4 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the source review of yet another of my FAC nominations, . The citations are to the lines, which is more precise, and the way in which Beowulf is normally cited; pages differ per edition, but the lines are always the same. I've given pages for Heaney's translation, by contrast, as it's one edition rather than a general work, but could change that to the lines as well if you think it better. --Usernameunique (talk) 20:03, 4 June 2018 (UTC)
 * For the benefit of readers, you could precede the Beowulf numbers with "line", but the point is small and I'll leave it to you. Brianboulton (talk) 20:35, 4 June 2018 (UTC)

-- Laser brain  (talk)  15:56, 11 June 2018 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive. Please do not modify it. No further edits should be made to this page.