Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Peter Raw/archive1

Peter Raw

 * Nominator(s): Nick-D (talk) 23:18, 3 October 2020 (UTC)

Peter Raw was one of the Royal Australian Air Force's leading pilots during the post-war era, but turned in a mixed performance in an important command role during the Vietnam War. He cut his teeth, and demonstrated remarkable skill and bravery, as a bomber pilot during World War II and remained in the air force after the war. He placed second in the 1953 London to Christchurch air race and commanded the RAAF's first jet bomber squadron. In 1966 he was posted to South Vietnam to coordinate air support for the Australian Army force there. He was not well suited to this role, and ended up in frequent shouting matches with his Army counterpart. This culminated in a bitter argument during the crucial Battle of Long Tan where Raw was probably wrongly perceived to be reluctant to risk RAAF helicopters to save an Army unit which was close to being overrun. After completing his posting to Vietnam, Raw served in administrative roles and commanded the RAAF's base in Malaysia.

I created this article in 2011 (before Raw's Australian Dictionary of Biography entry was published), and have worked on it on and off since then. It was assessed as a GA in 2013 and passed a Military History Wikiproject A-class review in 2014. The article has since been considerably expanded and improved, and the recent digitisation of back issues of the RAAF's in-house newspaper make me feel confident that I haven't missed anything significant. As such, I think that the FA criteria are now met. Thank you in advance for your comments. Nick-D (talk) 23:18, 3 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Image review—pass
 * Images are freely licensed. (t &#183; c)  buidhe  11:51, 4 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Thank you for this check Nick-D (talk) 00:19, 5 October 2020 (UTC)

Comments Support from Hog Farm
I'll give this a look later. Might be claimed for WikiCup points. Hog Farm Bacon 00:48, 9 October 2020 (UTC)


 * Lead
 * Optional, since this is given in the date range, but maybe tack on that he died in Richmond in 1988 to finish off the lead.
 * The lead doesn't say where he was born either - I don't think that either fact needs to be in the lead. Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 10 October 2020 (UTC)


 * Early career
 * Why did the RAN reject him?
 * The source doesn't say. The RAN and RAAF had more volunteers than they could handle at this stage of the war, so I suspect the Navy was being choosy. Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * "Raw completed his training and was commissioned as an officer in December that year" - What specific rank? Based on ref 9, he was an F.O. (I'm assuming Flying officer) by the time of the 166 holes in the fuselage incident, but it's not clear when he was promoted to this rank.  A little more detail on his various early-war ranks and promotions would be helpful.  The source given for the engagement places him as a flying officer at that time.
 * He started out as a pilot officer - added. None of the sources say when he became a Flying Officer, and unfortunately his personal file at the National Archives of Australia hasn't yet been digitialised.
 * "He assumed command of No. 205 Group Communication Squadron in 1945" - Where was this unit based?
 * The sources don't say, and I can't find anything about this unit. Italy most likely. Nick-D (talk) 01:02, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Did he get the DFC for a specific action?
 * The nomination states that it was for "exceptional skill on [a] notable tour of operations" - added. Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Commanding officer
 * Are there any further details about what he did between 1957 and 1960? It's pretty thin in there.
 * I've added the only mention of him in the Australian media I could find, which was pretty marginal for inclusion. The coverage of Raw's career is heavily focused on his flying roles and role in the Vietnam War, and there's not much on his staff and training positions. Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Subsequent career
 * Did he do anything after retiring from the air force? Did he move to Richmond after the retirment?  It's a little bare in the 1978-1988 time frame, too.
 * No source discusses this unfortunately. I suspect that he just retired, and then died at a young age. Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

That's my first round of comments. Hog Farm Bacon 20:51, 9 October 2020 (UTC) Can I please check whether I've addressed your comments, and if you have any others? Nick-D (talk) 23:17, 22 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Thank you Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Comments Support by PM
This is in great shape. A few comments: That's it. Peacemaker67 (click to talk to me) 03:17, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Lead
 * suggest "He saw combat as a bomber pilot in the European theatre in the later stages of World War II"
 * Partly done - the next para notes his war service in more detail Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * That's fine, but did he really "see combat" in Vietnam? I think it would be better to go with something like "He saw combat in the European theatre during the later stages of World War II and was in a senior command position during the early stages of the Australian involvement in the Vietnam War." Peacemaker67 (click to talk to me) 08:08, 13 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Yes, the sources state that flew on helicopter and Caribou combat missions and got shot at during Operation Hayman. Nick-D (talk) 09:58, 13 October 2020 (UTC)
 * OK, but I didn't emphasise that my main concern is that his role in Vietnam should be more precise in the first para. He was there in a senior command position, the combat was incidental. Peacemaker67 (click to talk to me) 03:24, 14 October 2020 (UTC)
 * I've tweaked the wording to clarify his roles in the wars - does this look OK? Nick-D (talk) 09:31, 14 October 2020 (UTC)
 * That's exactly what I was thinking of. Peacemaker67 (click to talk to me) 21:08, 17 October 2020 (UTC)
 * say what sort of squadron No. 2 was when he commanded it, including aircraft flown
 * same for No. 82 Wing
 * Both done Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * for Australian forces in South Vietnam link Military history of Australia during the Vietnam War
 * Done Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * suggest "generated lasting controversy, and contributed to the later decision to transfer battlefield helicopters to Army control."
 * Done Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Body
 * Use his full name at the beginning of the Early career section, otherwise it is uncited
 * Done Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * link Apprenticeship and Electrical artificer
 * Done Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * was commissioned as an officer, pilot officer? If so, when was he promoted to flying officer?
 * Per the review above, I've been able to confirm he started as a PO but can't find a source with the date of promotion to FO. Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * why link Romania but not Hungary?
 * Delinked Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * what did No. 205 Group Communication Squadron do?
 * I'm not sure I'm afraid - I've looked extensively for this, but with no luck. I'd be guessing that it undertook miscellaneous light transport and liaison duties with light aircraft and castoffs like the RAAF's communications units did (which are themselves very obscure). This source hints at this role for the squadron when it was a flight. Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * what was the DFC for?
 * Added per the above review. Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * "was appointed the commanding officer of No. 2 Squadron" say what sort of squadron it was at the time
 * Done Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * "He regularly flew combat missions" did that mean he was trained as a helicopter pilot?
 * No source says what this involved, unfortunately. It doesn't seem that he was ever trained as a helicopter pilot so he possibly served as an observer of sorts. Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure about the timeline here. AFAIK No. 9 Squadron started flying missions on 30 June 1966, so if "there were tensions between the Army and RAAF over the employment of No. 9 Squadron" when Raw arrived, when did he arrive exactly? The article implies May, so this really doesn't work.
 * wasn't there also a Dept of Air directive that peacetime regs applied? See Eather, quoted in the No. 9 Squadron article.
 * That's noted in the article. The regulations weren't quite peacetime, but they were unrealistic (Alan Stephens is quite scathing about how badly prepared the squadron was for combat due to the RAAF's misconception that the war wasn't a big deal). Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * There were only 108 men of D Coy, 6 RAR at Long Tan, not 200.
 * Given the Warsaw airlift was a airdrop operation, I don't see how Clark could conclude "his experiences in the Warsaw airlift meant that he understood the dangers facing the helicopter pilots". I would have thought flying helicopters into a ground battle is a completely different kettle of fish.
 * I've added more material about the Warsaw airlift - the point Clark is making is that Raw had flown very difficult and risky transport missions so understood that the helicopter pilots lives were at great danger if he gave the resupply mission the go-ahead. Nick-D (talk) 22:55, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * It would be worth looking at Scott's memo, reproduced as an appendix in McAulay, which gives the RAAF line on the situation on No. 9 Squadron support to 1 ATF immediately before Long Tan. I also wonder if we are getting a mainly RAAF perspective on No. 9 Squadron at Long Tan given the sources used are all RAAF-oriented. I've checked Duty First and it is silent. Could you have a look at the official history volume by McNeill and see what it says, and perhaps the other books written on Long Tan?
 * In response to the above comments, I've reworked the two paras on No. 9 Squadron and the Battle of Long Tan, including by expanding this out to three paras. Interestingly, Stephens (the official RAAF historian) is more scathing about the state of the squadron and the RAAF high command than any other source! McNeill and David W. Cameron provide a less sympathetic portrayal of Raw though which I've tried to work in. It seems that he was out of his depth during the battle, but took only slightly too long to make the right decision. Nick-D (talk) 06:33, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
 * The new version implies that the same choppers flew the casevac mission, whereas it was actually those two plus another five. Peacemaker67 (click to talk to me) 08:08, 13 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Oops, yes that's right - the official history's wording was vague. I've clarified this, and noted Raw's role in the second mission. Nick-D (talk) 09:58, 13 October 2020 (UTC)
 * was Operation Hayman a US or Australian op?
 * Australian - clarified. Nick-D (talk) 06:33, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
 * The motivation for Army to take over battlefield helicopters is essentially ascribed to Long Tan, but there was more to it, and I think this is a simplification. There are plenty of journal articles and media releases about the decision, which should be consulted and reflected in the article to give a less RAAF-centric perspective.
 * Yes, good point. I've tweaked the wording here to make it clearer that Long Tan was only part of the factors which motivated this viewpoint and it was a recommendation in the Dibb Report which proved crucial. Nick-D (talk) 01:23, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
 * I note that the ADB says Raw "hesitated" rather than refused regarding Long Tan. I wonder if the Long Tan para couldn't be more closely cited.
 * Good point - the issue is that he was initially hesitant, but gave the go ahead after consultations. I've tweaked the wording here. Nick-D (talk) 01:23, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks a lot for this review. Per the above, I've reworked the Vietnam section which I think makes for a stronger article - I'd be grateful for your thoughts and any further comments. Nick-D (talk) 06:33, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Not sure about putting the NM in the infobox, it is a long service award. Peacemaker67 (click to talk to me) 08:08, 13 October 2020 (UTC)
 * A couple of additional things. Peacemaker67 (click to talk to me) 08:08, 13 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Supporting this excellent article for promotion. Peacemaker67 (click to talk to me) 21:11, 17 October 2020 (UTC)

Source review - spotchecks not done
 * Trove refs should consistently use via for the NLA credit rather than publisher
 * Done Nick-D (talk) 06:33, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
 * FN4 appears incomplete
 * The source here is a small folder of news clippings held by the National Library of Australia. I've tweaked the article to reflect the NLA's catalogue entry. Nick-D (talk) 06:33, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
 * So there's no indication of where this particular clipping is actually from originally? Nikkimaria (talk) 20:44, 17 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Be consistent in when newspaper titles are linked. Nikkimaria (talk) 14:46, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Delinked all. Thanks for this review. Nick-D (talk) 06:33, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

Support Comments by Ian
Recusing coord duties, I took part in the MilHist ACR way back when, and have kept an eye on the article ever since. Having copyedited a little before this nom, and again just now, I have the following comments: That's about it, except to say no concerns with the breadth and quality of the sources -- shame that we can't pinpoint a few more precise dates but you can only work with what you have and I don't think anything vital is missing. Cheers, Ian Rose (talk) 09:51, 11 October 2020 (UTC)
 * I would've thought it was worth putting No. 178 Squadron under Units in the infobox.
 * The guidance for this infobox states that the 'unit' field should only be used 'for persons who are not notable as commanding officers'. Nick-D (talk) 10:22, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Well there you go, I always assumed it wasn't an either-or thing, you'd use this for units they belonged to without commanding, and the other for units they did command -- I guess no-one else knows about this 'cos I've always used both in "my" military bio FAs... ;-)
 * I notice you haven't included any Gazette refs. While three of the four I found don't really add to what you have, the DFC one includes a full citation that gives you more to work with than you have now, and includes an intriguing reference to Ploesti that could also be worth mentioning at this point.
 * I'm not familiar with navigating the London Gazette, and didn't have any luck with it - thanks. I've added material from the DFC citation, which is quite interesting as it's explicitly for the entire combat tour and notes his success as a leader of his bomber crew - this helps to explain why he made the cut for the post-war RAAF and was then given choice assignments. Nick-D (talk) 10:22, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
 * He regularly flew combat missions with the UH-1 Iroquois -- since it appears unlikely he was ever at the controls, would it be worth tweaking to "flew on combat missions", or "accompanied combat missions"?
 * Tweaked Nick-D (talk) 10:22, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
 * the relationship between Raw and senior Army commanders in 1 ATF was "most difficult" throughout the remainder of his time in South Vietnam -- I'd usually recommend attributing a quote inline (though I have little doubt it's Clark) but in this case since it's just two words I wonder if we could paraphrase ("strained" perhaps, or even "very strained"?).
 * 'Strained' seems the most appropriate word here. Nick-D (talk) 10:22, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Raw's initial reluctance to commit helicopters reinforced the perception among some Army officers that the RAAF was reluctant to support their service in battle -- could we avoid the "reluctance"/"reluctant" repetition?
 * Yep - changed to 'hesitance'. Nick-D (talk) 10:22, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks Ian. It's a shame that his NAA file hasn't been digitised yet, which would help greatly with dates. Nick-D (talk) 10:22, 12 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Tks for all that, happy to support. Cheers, Ian Rose (talk) 11:37, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

Comments from Mike Christie
Support. I've made a couple of minor copyedits. Other than that I can only find one thing to complain about, which doesn't affect my support. A fine article. Mike Christie (talk - contribs - library) 13:04, 19 October 2020 (UTC)
 * fostered an enthusiastic aircrew: I know what you mean but I think the wording isn't quite right. One fosters enthusiasm, not a crew.
 * Belated thanks Mike. I've tweaked the wording to take the above comment into account. Nick-D (talk) 23:19, 22 October 2020 (UTC)
 * The tweak looks good. Mike Christie (talk - contribs - library) 00:50, 23 October 2020 (UTC)

Support Comments by JennyOz
Hi Nick, I have only a few minor comments... Nothing else I can find, regards JennyOz (talk) 11:09, 24 October 2020 (UTC)
 * London to Christchurch (x3) v London-to-Christchurch (x2)
 * Removed the dashes Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * task force v Task Force
 * Standardised on caps except for the quote where the author didn't use them Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * new speed record for a flight between New Zealand and Australia, completing the crossing between Auckland and Sydney in two hours and 49 minutes. - maybe needs context eg at average 500 mph and/or distance? I.e., was it a record time rather than a record speed he reached at some time during the flight? Do we know what the previous time record was?
 * Tweaked to clarify that it was the fastest crossing to that time Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * air/land warfare - no link available to explain what this term refers to?
 * Linked to Close air support and Air assault as we don't seem to have a single article on the use of aircraft and transport helicopters to support Army units. Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * He regularly on flew combat missions - flew on? (or is that jargon?)
 * oops, yes - fixed. Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Australian Army is linked only in lede
 * Linked in the Vietnam section Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * with Raw personally briefing the crews - "personally" redundant (though I understand if there for emphasis)?
 * Yeah, I included this for emphasis given that it illustrates that he played a particularly active role in this battle after a rocky start (briefings like this would usually be handled by the squadron operations order or squadron commander at the highest, not a senior officer). Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * "the relationship between Raw and senior Army commanders in 1 ATF was strained " ... "did lead to a better working relationship" - any way to avoid 2 x relationship? Maybe even 'working relations'?
 * Tweaked. Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * was better suited to operations in Papua New Guinea - explain why PNG came into consideration. Is the relevance for aid, training, highlands? Maybe add 'Australian administered'. (Can't have readers thinking we were at war with PNG!)
 * Done - and corrected the name of the place at the time to Territory of Papua and New Guinea Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Raw further stated that there was - swap "further stated" to said?
 * Done Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Raw was portrayed in Danger Close: The Battle of Long Tan (by Christopher Sommers) per this but I can't find an RS.
 * Yeah, I'm not sure if it's worth noting though given it doesn't seem to have been a major role/character in the movie given that lack of sourcing (I haven't seen the film, though I understand that it's pretty good).
 * Cite 25 The Advertiser. 1 January 1954. p. 3 - not a link to dab but add Adelaide?
 * It was just called 'The Advertiser" at the time. Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks for this review Jenny. Nick-D (talk) 00:57, 25 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks Nick, all good and I'm happy to support. JennyOz (talk) 03:58, 25 October 2020 (UTC)

-- Laser brain  (talk)  18:12, 29 October 2020 (UTC)