Wikipedia:Integrating Patient-centered Outcomes Research into Wikipedia/Teaching Resources

  Integrating Patient-centered Outcomes Research into Wikipedia TEACHING RESOURCES

Given Wikipedia's use in the educational setting, numerous online resources exist to help educators start their own Wikipedia teaching projects, teach Wikipedia editing, and monitor Wikipedia editors. This project page includes a list of available online resources compiled from Wikipedia project pages and recent publications. While integrating general Wikipedia educational resources, this project page focuses on the use of Wikipedia in education for health services and draws on resources from the WikiMedia Foundation Events Dashboard, PCORI, Cochrane, and others.
 * For more information on Wikipedia editing initiatives in higher education in North America, the Wiki Education Foundation provides support and resources. For those from countries outside of North America, numerous local Wikimedia groups often provide support (e.g.: Wikimedia UK in the United Kingdom).

Wikipedia in Courses for Health Professional Students
A range of health professions courses are utilizing Wikipedia as a teaching tool. Wikis/Wikipedia have been integrated into courses using a variety of educational approaches. In several instances, the courses focus on teaching health professional students (e.g., medical, dental, nursing trainees) to edit health care articles on Wikipedia in order to learn medical content, engage critically with biomedical research, and improve Wikipedia. These courses have been found to increase student knowledge of Wikipedia as well as their knowledge of health care resources. Students reported increased comfort with reading and analyzing primary literature and core medical content. Other positive results for students in courses that included Wiki/Wikipedia editing tasks included improving collaboration and teamwork skills, having their work read by a diverse audience, and enjoying the opportunity to contribute to a highly accessed public resource. The student-edited articles from these courses were frequently highly viewed, with views becoming more frequent after their edits. Researchers tracking articles edited in their courses found that the edits the students made remained after the course ended. Students did experience some challenges in the courses. When editing Wikipedia students struggled between making edits that were comprehensive and readable, frustration with Wikipedia coding, difficulty engaging with the Wikipedia editors/community, and distrust of Wikipedia editors as content experts. However, students increased their confidence in the Wikipedia process and understanding of Wikipedia, with some students even planning to continue to edit after the course activities were over.

Wikipedia Student Information Page and Editing Guides
In response to numerous teaching initiatives on Wikipedia, Wikipedians created an information page with suggestions for developing student assignments editing Wikipedia. This page contains information for instructors on best practices for course design, including a specific section for editing medical articles.


 * Link to information page: Wikipedia Student Assignments

Wikipedia relies on volunteer editors and the Wikipedia community provides many resources and guidelines about how to edit in Wikipedia. Some basic Wikipedia sites are listed here:


 * Reliable sources
 * Manual of Style/Medicine-related articles
 * Conflicts of interest (medicine)
 * Neutral point of view

Those who edit medical articles in Wikipedia follow strict guidelines, which include Wikipedia's Guideline for Reliable Sources for Medical Articles and Medical Manual of Style. We encourage educators to first familiarize themselves with these guidelines before sharing evidence on Wikipedia.

Wiki Education
Wiki Education is 501(c) nonprofit organization designed to connect higher education and Wikipedia. Their Wikipedia Student Program includes a range a resources for university faculty who incorporate Wikipedia assignments into their courses.
 * WikiEducation
 * WkiEdu Resource for Educators
 * WikiEdu handout for Medicine

WikiProject Medicine
WikiProject Medicine was developed to manage and help in curation of Wikipedia's medical articles. WikiProject Medicine has generated a number of resources that are helpful for university faculty who incorporate Wikipedia assignments into courses in the health care fields. WikiProject Medicine has created a resource to guide new student editors of Wikipedia pages about healthcare. This notice for students includes information about proper Wikipedia editing formats and is designed to be added to student talk pages.


 * Link to template page: Template for medical student notice
 * Template (copy and past the following template onto student talk pages): ~
 * WikiProject Medicine/How to edit
 * Cochrane Wikipedian-in-Training Resource (New May 2019)
 * Editing Medical Topics on Wikipedia- Cheat Sheet by J. Dawson
 * Spanish version (in progress)


 * WikiProject Medicine How to edit medical content in Wikipedia

Additional Wikipedia Teaching Resources
There are a number of additional resources to develop a course which edits Wikipedia pages. These resources include tutorials, style guides, practice activities, videos, and other supports.


 * Tutorial - Wikipedia Medicine Newbie Crash Course by User:Amosabo for Students 4 Best Evidence
 * Tutorial - An introduction to Wikipedia editing includes guides for using VisualEditor to edit text, images, and references
 * Video - How to be a Wikipedia medical editor video by Ian Furst
 * Video - METRO Webcast Wikipedia and Medicine, Streamed live on Dec 10, 2014 by Metropolitan New York Library Council
 * OCLC Wikipedia + Libraries: Training Curriculum
 *  Introduction to Medical Editing Instructional Video

Building a Case for Wikipedia Editing in Courses
Wikipedia is used as a resource by those in the medical fields as well as by patients and the public to understand a range of health issues and to access health information. Many studies have been conducted to better understand the reliability, accuracy, and readability of health information in Wikipedia. These studies have had mixed findings. Factual errors, information deficiencies, and incomplete information were identified in the articles. Some research has indicated that this may be a particular challenge for Wikipedia articles in languages other than English. For some health topics, studies found that Wikipedia provided sufficiently accurate information for students in the medical fields. However, the same recommendations made for Wikipedia use were not necessarily made for patients or the general public. Many of the studies found Wikipedia articles required beyond high school grade-level readability and were not considered to be patient-centered.

Evidence-Based Medicine Resources
MedEdPORTAL is an open-access journal that provides teaching and learning resources for the health professions published by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), in partnership with the American Dental Education Association. Some of the faculty offering Wikipedia courses to students in the health professions have integrated their courses into evidence-based medicine (EBM) practices in order to create authentic EBM experiences. The MedEdPORTAL guide provides additional EBM teaching resources.


 * MedEdPORTAL Search Link: Evidence-based medicine resources

PCOR Resources
Students in the health care fields have indicated that one of the challenges of Wikipedia tasks is managing to make edits that are comprehensive and readable for patients. Research has also found that Wikipedia health articles are not patient-centered and at a recommended readibility level for the general public. To better support patient-centered outcomes research, PCORI and other organizations have developed tools and resources for teaching researchers, students, patients, caregivers, clinicians, and other healthcare stakeholders about PCOR.


 * PREP IT PCOR Video
 * Foundations of Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (PCOR)

SciScanner
We have been collaborating with researchers at the Insight Center for Data Analysis at University College Dublin to customize the SciScanner application for patient centered outcomes research (PCOR) research discovery. SciScanner is a free meta-search application for health-related scientific research. This application searches several scientific evidence platforms (like the Cochrane library, Medline, Wikipedia and YouTube) simultaneously, to help users find research and resources relevant to specific health information needs.

PCOR-SciScanner Project Overview
SciScanner searches across 25 million scientific artifacts to help identify content that covers treatment, diagnosis, aetiology, prognosis and clinical prediction. SciScanner can be used to find primary research (including randomised controlled trials), systematic reviews, meta-analyses and consensus articles. The SciScanner App is available on the Apple App store and Google Play store, and has been customized to include a search limited to PCOR and PCORI-funded research. These search options are based on PubMed searches that utilize PCORI in the Literature search hedge.

SciScanner App Information
SciScanner

Presentations and Media
August 17 2019, Wikimania: https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/2019:Health/A_meta-search_engine_for_science:_combining_Wikipedia_with_Pubmed,_Cochrane_and_YouTube_to_fulfil_%E2%80%98information_needs%E2%80%99_in_healthcare.