Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/B3

1001 – 1020

 * 1) Bevis Marks Gazette (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 2) Bevis Marks Synagogue JE (JE | ) the oldest Jewish house of worship in London; established by the Sephardic Jews in 1698, when Rabbi David Nieto took spiritual...
 * 3) Bezah (JE | ) Name of a Talmudic treatise of Seder Mo&#39;ed, the second of the six "sedarim" or orders of the Talmud. Its place in the...
 * 4) Bezai (JE | ) A family, 324 of whose members returned with Zerubbabel (Ezra ii. 17, and the parallel account, Neh. vii. 23). The name also...
 * 5) Bezalel JE (JE | ) in Ex. xxxi. 1-6, the chief architect of the Tabernacle. Elsewhere in the Bible the name occurs only in the genealogical lists...
 * 6) Bezalel UNR (JE | ) Palestinian amora of the fourth century, who is known in Midrashic literature only as the author of haggadistic sentences...
 * 7) Bezalel b. Joseph (Yosel) (JE | ) Russian Talmudist and rabbi at Orlo, government of Grodno, at the beginning of the nineteenth century. He is the author of...
 * 8) Bezalel b. Judah ha-Levi of Zolkiev (JE | ) Polish Talmudist of the second half of the eighteenth century. He wrote a commentary to the sayings of the fathers (Frankfort-on-the-Oder...
 * 9) Bezalel b. Moses ha-Kohen (JE | ) Talmudist; born at Wilna, Russia, Jan. 14, 1820, where he died April 13, 1878. He was a competent Talmudist at the age of...
 * 10) Bezalel ben Solomon of Kobryn (JE | ) Preacher at Slutzk, government of Minsk, Russia; later at Boskowitz, Moravia; died before 1659. He was the author of the following...
 * 11) Bezek (JE | ) 1. The scene of battle between the tribes of Judah and Simeon, and the Canaanites and Perizzites (Judges i. 4-6). 2. Place...
 * 12) Bezer (JE | ) A city of refuge in the territory of Reuben (Deut. iv. 43; Josh. xx. 8). It was also one of the cities allotted the Levites...
 * 13) Bezetha (JE | ) According to Josephus, the name of a hill north of the Temple-mound, and separated from the latter by a valley. After the...
 * 14) B& (JE | ) Town of France in the department of H&#233;rault. The date of the settlement of the Jews in B&#233;ziers is lost in antiquity...
 * 15) Samuel Bapuji Bhorupkar (JE | ) Beni-Israel soldier; born near Bombay, India, about 1790. He entered the Fourth Bombay Regiment on Feb. 2, 1811. In 1813 he...
 * 16) Alois Biach (JE | ) Austrian physician and medical writer; born in Lettowitz, Moravia, Austria, May 1, 1849. He was educated at the gymnasium...
 * 17) Rudolf Bial (JE | ) Violinist, conductor, composer, and manager; born at Habelschwerdt, Silesia, Aug. 26, 1834; died at New York Nov. 13, 1881...
 * 18) Biala (JE | ) -- See R479: Russia
 * 19) Zebi Hirsch ben Naphtali Herz Bialeh (JE | ) Rabbi and Talmudist; born about 1670 at Lemberg, Galicia; died Sept. 25, 1748, at Halberstadt, Prussia. He conducted a Talmudic...
 * 20) Christian Hermann Friedrich Bialloblotzky (JE | ) Jewish convert to Christianity; born April 9, 1799, at Pattensen, near Hanover; died March 28, 1868, at Ahlden-on the-Aller...

1021 – 1040

 * 1) Bialystok, Lithuania (JE | ) -- See B1636: Byelostok
 * 2) Abraham ben Shem-Tob Bibago (JE | ) Spanish religious philosopher and preacher; born at Saragossa; resided in 1446 at Huesca, and was still living in 1489. At...
 * 3) Der Bibel&#39;sche Orient (JE | ) A magazine of which only two numbers appeared (Munich, 1821), these being supposed to be edited by Isaac Bernays. Its object...
 * 4) Dmitri Gavrilovich Bibikov (JE | ) Russian soldier, administrator, and statesman; born 1792; died 1870. In 1837 Bibikov was appointed military governor of Kiev...
 * 5) Bible Canon (JE | ) the Greek word &#954;&#945;&#957;&#974;&#957;, meaning primarily a straight rod, and derivatively a norm or law, was first...
 * 6) Bible Concordances (JE | ) -- See C707: Concordance
 * 7) Bible Dictionary (JE | ) -- See D339: Dictionaries
 * 8) Bible Editions >> Early editions of the Hebrew Bible JE (JE | ) the advantages of the newly discovered art of printing were quickly recognized by the Jews. While for the synagogue service...
 * 9) Bible Exegesis (JE | ) Israel has been called "the People of the Book"; it may as fitly be called "the people of Scripture exegesis," for exegesis...
 * 10) Bible Inspiration (JE | ) -- See I152: Inspiration
 * 11) Bible Manuscripts (JE | ) By this term are designated handwritten copies and codices of the Hebrew Bible as a whole, or of several books arranged in...
 * 12) Bible in Mohammedan Literature (JE | ) Through intercourse at Mecca, at Medina, and on his various journeys in the seething, germinant Arabia of his day, Mohammed...
 * 13) Polyglot Bible (JE | ) -- See B1028: Bible Editions
 * 14) Bible Texts (JE | ) -- See M246: Masorah.
 * 15) Bible Translations (JE | ) Jewish translations of the Old Testament were made from time to time by Jews, in order to satisfy the needs, both in public...
 * 16) Bibleitzy (Biblists) (JE | ) Name given to a body of religious reformers, organized in the spring of 1882 among the Jewish working classes of Elizabethgrad...
 * 17) Biblical Ethnology (JE | ) the view of race-relationship expressed in the Bible. It is customary to designate the tenth chapter of Genesis as the oldest...
 * 18) Bibliography (JE | ) the science that deals with the description and classification of books. As applied to books of Jewish interest, it includes...
 * 19) Bibliomancy (JE | ) the use of the Bible for magic or superstitious purposes. The practise of employing sacred books, or words and verses thereof...
 * 20) Jewish Bibliophiles (JE | ) -- See B1318: Book Collectors

1041 – 1060

 * 1) Biblioth& (JE | ) National library of France, founded in 1354. The Hebrew manuscripts in this library have always stood at the head of the Oriental...
 * 2) Jacob Samuel Bick (JE | ) Austrian author; born in the eighteenth century; died in Brody, 1831. He was a satirical writer of force and ability, and...
 * 3) Gustav Wilhelm Hugo Bickell (JE | ) Christian Hebraist and professor in the University of Vienna; born July 7, 1838, at Cassel. After graduating at Marburg, where...
 * 4) Bidkar (JE | ) A captain under Jehu, by whom he was ordered to cast the body of Jehoram into the field of Naboth (II Kings ix. 25).J. Jr...
 * 5) Bidpai Fables in Hebrew (JE | ) -- See K44: Kalilah wa-Dimnah
 * 6) Oskar Bie (JE | ) German archeologist and professor at the Technische Hochschule at Charlottenburg, near Berlin; born at Breslau Feb. 9, 1864...
 * 7) Michael Lazar Biedermann (JE | ) Austrian jeweler and merchant; born at Presburg, Hungary, Aug. 13, 1769; died at Vienna Aug. 24, 1843. When fifteen years...
 * 8) Henry Biegeleisen (JE | ) Polish critic and author; born 1855 in Galicia. He studied at the universities of Lemberg, Munich, and Leipsic, receiving...
 * 9) Biel (Bienne) (JE | ) Town in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. It had Jewish inhabitants as early as the city of Bern itself. In 1305 a few Jewish...
 * 10) Bielgoraj (JE | ) A district town in the government of Lublin, Russian Poland. According to the "Zuk ha-&#39;Ittim," during the uprising of...
 * 11) Bieltzy (JE | ) District town of the government of Bessarabia, Russia. At the census of 1897 the population was 18,526, including over ten...
 * 12) Julius Bien (JE | ) American lithographer; son of Emanuel M., Chazan, lecturer, and lithographer; born at Naumburg, near Cassel, Hesse-Nassau...
 * 13) Lev Moiseievich Bienstok (JE | ) Russian writer, educationist, and communal worker; born April 6, 1836, at Lukachi, government of Volhynia; died Oct. 22, 1894...
 * 14) Joachim Heinrich Biesenthal (JE | ) Theologian and author; born at Lobsens, Posen, 1800; died in Berlin, 1886. He was destined for the rabbinate; but while attending...
 * 15) Bigamy (JE | ) According to Merrill&#39;s "Encyclopedia of Law," ii. 192, bigamy consists in "going through the ceremony of marriage with...
 * 16) Bigthan (JE | ) A eunuch of Ahasuerus, who, with Teresh, conspired against the king (Esther ii. 21, vi. 2). The conspiracy was discovered...
 * 17) Me& (JE | ) Cabalist; lived in Turkey in the eighteenth century. He is the author of the following works: (1) "Golel Or" (Who Evolved...
 * 18) Bikhakhanim JE (JE | ) Reigning princess of the Taman peninsula, Crimea. She was married in 1419 to the Genoese Jew Simeone de Guizolfi, who through...
 * 19) Bikkure Ha-&#39;ittim (JE | ) An annual edited and published in Vienna, 1820-31, by S. J. Cohen. It first appeared as a supplement to the Hebrew calendar...
 * 20) Bikkurim (JE | ) Name of the last treatise of Seder Zera&#39;im. It treats of the way of carrying out the commandment concerning first-fruits...

1061 – 1080

 * 1) Bikkurim (JE | ) A Hebrew annual that appeared in Vienna for two years (1864, 1865), Naphtali Keller being its editor and publisher. The greatest...
 * 2) Bildad (JE | ) One of the three friends of Job (Job ii. 11). The meaning of the name is not clear; opinions of scholars vacillate between...
 * 3) Bileam (JE | ) -- See B161: Balaam
 * 4) Bilgah (JE | ) One of the twenty-four divisions of the priests who officiated in the Temple. According to I Chron. xxiv. 14, Bilgah is the...
 * 5) Bilhah (JE | ) A locality in southern Judea (I Chron. iv. 29), evidently the same as "Balah" (, Josh. xix. 3) and "Ba&#39;alah" (, Josh....
 * 6) Bilhah (JE | ) Rachel&#39;s handmaid, given by Rachel as a concubine to Jacob, to whom, according to Gen. xxx. 3 (compare Gen. xxix. 29,...
 * 7) Bill of Divorce (JE | ) -- See D398: Divorce
 * 8) Bill of Exchange (JE | ) -- See E542: Exchange
 * 9) Bill of Manumission (JE | ) -- See S850: Slaves
 * 10) Bilshan (JE | ) One of the important men who came to Jerusalem from Babylon with Zerubbabel (Ezra ii 2; Neh. vii. 7). In I Esd. v. 8 he is...
 * 11) Bina ben David (JE | ) Cabalist, and rabbi at Lockacze, Poland, in the middle of the seventeenth century. Bina was the author of "Zer Zahab" (Crown...
 * 12) Binding (JE | ) the art of fastening together sheets of paper, leaves of parchment, or folios, and of covering them with parchment, leather...
 * 13) Binding and Loosing (JE | ) Rabbinical term for "forbidding and permitting." the expression "asar" (to bind herself by a bond) is used in the Bible (Num...
 * 14) Abraham Bing (JE | ) German rabbi and Talmudist; born in 1752 at Frankfort-on-the-Main; died in 1841 at W&#252;rzburg, Bavaria, where he had been...
 * 15) Albert Bing (JE | ) Austrian physician; born at Nikolsburg, Moravia, Sept. 20, 1844. He attended the gymnasium in his native city, and studied...
 * 16) Meyer Hermann Bing (JE | ) Danish art publisher and manufacturer; born at Copenhagen June 4, 1807; died there Sept. 15, 1883. As a boy he was employed...
 * 17) Solomon Bing (JE | ) German physician; son of Dr. Abraham Bing of Bingen, and son-in-law of the well-known physician and scholar Joseph Solomon...
 * 18) Bingen (JE | ) City of Hesse, situated on the Rhine. Jews lived there from the earliest times, for they are mentioned by the traveler Benjamin...
 * 19) Binnui (JE | ) 1. A Levite (Ezra viii. 33). 2. One of the Bene Pahath Moab who had taken foreign wives (Ezra x. 30). 3. One of the Bene Bani...
 * 20) Birah (JE | ) -- See A748: Acra

1081 – 1100

 * 1) Felix Victor Birch-Hirschfeld (JE | ) German pathologist and medical author; born at Kluvensiek, near Rendsburg, in the province of Holstein, Prussia, May 2, 1842...
 * 2) Birds (JE | ) the general designation for winged animals is "&#39;of" (, Hosea ix. 11; Isa. xvi. 2) or "&#39;of kanaf" (, Gen. i. 21), "&#7827...
 * 3) Birkat Kohanim (JE | ) -- See B1137: Blessing, Priestly
 * 4) Birkat ha-Minim (JE | ) -- See S612: Shemoneh &#39;Esreh
 * 5) Birmingham, Alabama (JE | ) Capital of Jefferson county, Alabama, founded in 1871. The first congregation, Emanu-El, was organized in 1882; the corner-stone...
 * 6) Birmingham, England (JE | ) Chief town of Warwickshire. The Jewish community consists (1902) of a population of about 4,000, having grown to this number...
 * 7) New Birth (JE | ) Renewal of a man&#39;s nature by casting aside the impurity of sin which cleaves to him from his former life, thus turning...
 * 8) Birthday (JE | ) There are no positive data in the Bible or in rabbinical literature concerning birthday festivals among the ancient Jews....
 * 9) Birthright (JE | ) the right of possession into which the eldest son is born. The first son born to the father occupied a prominent place in...
 * 10) Births (JE | ) the number of births among the Jewish populations of the world is generally found to vary from that of the surrounding population...
 * 11) Birzhi (JE | ) District of Poniwiezh, government of Kovno. The population of 1,500 includes 600 Jews, the majority of whom are engaged in...
 * 12) Johanna Bischitz de Heves JE (JE | ) Hungarian philanthropist; born in Tata in 1827; died in Budapest March 28, 1898; daughter of a porcelain manufacturer and...
 * 13) Louis Raphael Bischoffsheim (JE | ) French banker and philanthropist; born in Mayence, Germany, in 1800; died in Paris, Nov. 14, 1873. His father&#39;s sudden...
 * 14) Raphael Jonathan Bischoffsheim (JE | ) Belgian financier and philanthropist; born at Mayence in 1808; died at Brussels Feb. 6, 1883. He left his native town when...
 * 15) Raphael Louis Bischoffsheim (JE | ) French banker; member of the Institute of France; son of Louis Raphael Bischoffsheim; born July 22, 1823, in Amsterdam. He...
 * 16) Raphael (Nathan) Bischoffsheim (JE | ) Merchant and prominent philanthropist; born at Bischofsheim-on-the-Tauber, 1773; died at Mayence Jan. 22, 1814. He went to...
 * 17) Bischofsheim-on-the-Tauber (JE | ) City in the district of Mosbach, Baden. At Landa and the neighboring Tauber-Bischofsheim seven prominent Jews were tortured...
 * 18) Bisenz (JE | ) Town in Moravia, Austria. About the earliest history of its Jews nothing is known. Pesina, whose "Mars Moravicus" was published...
 * 19) Nahman ben Benjamin Cohen Zedek Bishka (JE | ) Russian Talmudist; lived in the second half of the eighteenth century. Together with his brother, Shabbetai Bishka, he wrote...
 * 20) Bishop of the Jews (JE | ) Title given to an official of the Jews in the Rhine country and in England in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. At Cologne...

1101 – 1120

 * 1) Bisliches (JE | ) Editor of some valuable Hebrew works of medieval authors; born at Brody, Austria, at the end of the eighteenth century; died...
 * 2) Prince Otto Eduard Leopold Bismarck (JE | ) Prussian statesman; born at Sch&#246;nhausen April 1, 1815; died at Friedrichsruh July 30, 1898; member of the Prussian Diet...
 * 3) Bisna, Bisinah, Bisni (Bizna) (JE | ) Palestinian scholar of the fourth amoraic generation (fourth century); contemporary of Berechiah II., with whom he appears...
 * 4) Kalman Kohn Bistritz (JE | ) Hungarian Neo-Hebraic poet; lived at the beginning of the nineteenth century. He was the author of the Purim drama "Goral...
 * 5) Me& (JE | ) Hungarian Neo-Hebraic poet and author; born in Vag-Bistritz, Hungary, 1820; died in Vienna Sept. 7, 1892. He lived the greater...
 * 6) Bithiah (JE | ) Daughter of Pharaoh, whom Mered of the tribe of Judah married (I Chron. iv. 18). In the Midrash (Lev. R. &#167; 1) she is...
 * 7) Bithynia (JE | ) A province in the northwest of Asia Minor, adjoining the Propontis, the Thracian Bosporus, and the Euxine. A Jewish colony...
 * 8) Bitter Herbs (JE | ) -- See P98: Passover
 * 9) Bittern (JE | ) from an examination of the passages in which "Kippod" occurs it would seem that a bird is meant by the word. In Isa...
 * 10) Isaac Bittoon (JE | ) English pugilist, fencing master, and teacher of "the noble art of self-defense"; born in 1778; died in Feb., 1838. His first...
 * 11) Bitumen (JE | ) A substance said (in Gen. xi. 3) to have been used for mortar. It belongs to the class of hydrocarbons, and is a resultant...
 * 12) Biurists JE (JE | ) A class of exegetes of the school of Mendelssohn. Not content with giving a simple meaning, most of the Biblical commentators...
 * 13) Biztha (JE | ) One of the seven eunuchs of Ahasuerus, who was commanded to bring Vashti to the king (Esther i. 10).J. Jr. G. B. L.     ...
 * 14) Black Death (JE | ) A violent pestilence which ravaged Europe between March, 1348, and the spring of 1351, and is said to have carried off nearly...
 * 15) Piotr Blanc (JE | ) Polish financier of the eighteenth century; court banker under King Stanislaus Augustus Poniatowski (1764-95); date and place...
 * 16) Maria Theresa Bland (JE | ) English actress and singer; born in 1769 of Italian-Jewish parents; died at London Jan. 15, 1838. When only four years old...
 * 17) Isaac b. Solomon Blaser (JE | ) Russian rabbi and educator; born in Wilna about 1840. Educated to be a rabbi, he is recognized as the foremost pupil of Israel...
 * 18) Vidal Blasom (JE | ) -- See M890: Moses Narbonne
 * 19) Blasphemy (JE | ) Evil or profane speaking of God. The essence of the crime consists in the impious purpose in using the words, and does not...
 * 20) Fritz Blau (JE | ) Austrian chemist; born at Vienna April 5, 1865. He received his education at the gymnasium and university of his native city...

1121 – 1140

 * 1) Heinrich Blau (JE | ) German journalist and playwright; born in Neu-Stettin, Pomerania, Sept. 21, 1858. He received his education at the Jewish...
 * 2) Ludwig Blau JE (JE | ) Hungarian scholar and publicist; born April 29, 1861, at Putnok, Hungary; educated at three different yeshibot, among them...
 * 3) David Blaustein (JE | ) Educator; born May 5, 1866, at Lida, near Wilna, Russia. He received his first education in Hebrew in the Cheder and...
 * 4) Ozer Blaustein (JE | ) Russian teacher, and writer in Russian and Jud&#230;o-German; born at D&#252;naburg in 1840; died in Warsaw April 27, 1899...
 * 5) Benjamin Blayney JE (JE | ) English divine and Hebraist; born 1728; died Sept. 20, 1801. He was educated at Oxford, took the master&#39;s degree in 1735...
 * 6) Blazon (JE | ) -- See C551: Coat of Arms
 * 7) Bleeding (JE | ) in accordance with the pathology of its epoch, the Talmud declares, "At the head of the list of human ailments stands plethora...
 * 8) Friedrich Bleek (JE | ) Christian theologian; born July 4, 1793, at Ahrensb&#246;ck, Holstein; died at Bonn in 1859. After a preparatory course at...
 * 9) Philip Johann Bleibtreu JE (JE | ) Jewish convert to Christianity; born at Frankfort-on-the-Main in the middle of the seventeenth century; died there in 1702...
 * 10) Gerson, Baron von Bleichr& (JE | ) German banker; born Dec. 22, 1822; died Feb. 19, 1893, in Berlin. At the age of sixteen he entered the banking firm founded...
 * 11) Blemish (JE | ) the Hebrew term for "blemish" ( or ) seems to have originally meant a "black spot" (compare Gesenius-Buhl, "Handw&#246;rterbuch...
 * 12) David S Bles (JE | ) Communal worker at Manchester; born at the Hague, Holland, in 1834; died at Vienna on Oct. 14, 1899. He was senior partner...
 * 13) Blessing of Children (JE | ) in the domestic life of the ancient Hebrews the mutual respect existing between parents and children was a marked feature...
 * 14) Blessing and Cursing (JE | ) the Hebrew verb for "bless" is "berek" . Since in Assyrian and Min&#230;an the corresponding verb appears to be "karabu...
 * 15) Jacob& (JE | ) -- See J20: Jacob, Blessing of
 * 16) Moses& (JE | ) -- See M832: Moses, Blessing of
 * 17) Priestly Blessing (JE | ) One of the most impressive and characteristic features of the service both in the Temple of Jerusalem and in the synagogue...
 * 18) Blin d& (JE | ) French manufacturer who introduced into France woolen cloth for ladies&#39; use. It was soon considered the best in Europe...
 * 19) The Blind in Law and Literature (JE | ) the ancient nations regarded blindness as the lowest degradation that could be inflicted upon man; hence gouging out the eyes...
 * 20) Ferdinand Blind-Cohen (JE | ) German student who made an attempt on the life of Prince Bismarck May 7, 1866, and on the following day committed suicide...

1141 – 1160

 * 1) Blindness (JE | ) Statistics, wherever obtainable, show that the proportion of blindness is greater among modern Jews than among their non-Jewish...
 * 2) Ivan Stanislavovich Blioch (Bloch) EL:JE (JE | ) Russo-Polish financier, economist, and railway contractor; distinguished as an advocate of universal peace; born at Radom...
 * 3) Jekuthiel ben Isaac Blitz (JE | ) Corrector of the press in the Hebrew printing-office of Uri Phoebus at Amsterdam; lived there in the second half of the seventeenth...
 * 4) Andr& (JE | ) French musician; son of a rabbi at Wissembourg, Alsace; born in that city in 1873. At the age of seven Bloch began to compose...
 * 5) Issachar Baer b. Samson Hasid Bloch (JE | ) Austrian rabbi of the eighteenth century; a native of Hamburg, and son of the author of the Tosafot &#7716;adashim on the...
 * 6) Bianca Bloch (JE | ) German authoress; born at Lauban, Silesia, Jan. 19, 1848, where her father was attendant at a local court. Owing to the reduced...
 * 7) Elisa Bloch (JE | ) French sculptress; born at Breslau Jan. 25, 1848. After receiving a thorough education at Paris, whither her parents had removed...
 * 8) Emil Bloch (JE | ) German otologist; born at Emmendingen, Baden, Dec. 11, 1847. He was educated at the universities of Heidelberg, W&#252;rzburg...
 * 9) Gustave Bloch (JE | ) French historian and archeologist; born at Fegersheim, Alsace, July 21, 1848. After passing through the Ecole Normale Sup&#233...
 * 10) Heinrich Bloch (JE | ) Austrian philologist; born Feb. 4, 1854, at Herman-Mestec, Bohemia; son of Moses Bloch, president of the Jewish Theological...
 * 11) Hermann Bloch (JE | ) German author; born at Breslau April 26, 1826; died Nov. 19, 1896. He was a grandson on his mother&#39;s side of the learned...
 * 12) Isaac Bloch JE (JE | ) French rabbi; born at Sultz, Alsace, July 17, 1848. He received his education at the lyceum at Strasburg and at the Jewish...
 * 13) Ivan Bloch (JE | ) -- See B1142: Blioch, Ivan Stanislavovich
 * 14) Josef Bloch (JE | ) Violin virtuoso and composer; born at Budapest Jan. 5, 1862. He made his first appearance in public at the age of twelve,...
 * 15) Josef Samuel Bloch JE (JE | ) Austrian rabbi and deputy; born at Dukla, a small city in Galicia, Nov. 20, 1850. His parents, who were poor, destined him...
 * 16) Julienne Bloch (JE | ) French educator and writer; died Nov. 12, 1868. She was the eldest and most distinguished daughter of Simon Bloch, founder...
 * 17) Bloch, Louis, (JE | ) Swiss educator; born in 1864; since 1896 privat-docent in archeology and mythology at the University of Zurich. Bloch has...
 * 18) Ludwig Bloch (JE | ) German dramatist; born at Berlin Dec. 6, 1859; son of the theatrical publisher Eduard. Bloch was educated at the Friedrich-Wilhelm...
 * 19) Marcus Eliezer Bloch (JE | ) German ichthyologist and physician; born at Ansbach in 1723; died in Carlsbad Aug. 6, 1799. His parents, being very poor,...
 * 20) Mattithiah Ashkenazi Bloch (JE | ) Cabalist; lived at Jerusalem in the seventeenth century. A blind adherent and indefatigable apostle of Shabbethai Zebi...

1161 – 1180

 * 1) Maurice Bloch (JE | ) French educator and writer; born at Colmar, Alsace, Aug. 5, 1853. He received his first education at the Jewish communal school...
 * 2) Moritz Bloch (Ballagi) (JE | ) Hungarian Christian theologian and lexicographer; born March 18, 1815, at In&#243;cz, Zempl&#233;n, Hungary; died Sept. 1...
 * 3) Moses Bloch (JE | ) French rabbi; born at Wintzenheim, Upper Alsace, Jan. 2, 1854; died Nov.,1901; educated at the Lyc&#233;e Colmar, the Paris...
 * 4) Moses Bloch (JE | ) German rabbi; born at Gailingen, Baden, in 1805; died at Buchau March 3, 1841. He pursued his Talmudical studies at Endingen...
 * 5) Moses L& JE (JE | ) Rector of the rabbinical seminary at Budapest; born at Ronsperg (Bohemia) Feb. 15, 1815. Among his ancestors were Isaac, rabbi...
 * 6) Philip Bloch (JE | ) Rabbi and author; born in Prussia May 30, 1841. He studied at the University of Breslau, and under Frankel, Gr&#228;tz, and...
 * 7) Rosine Bloch (JE | ) French singer; born in Paris in 1844; daughter of a merchant. She was very beautiful and had a magnificent mezzosoprano voice...
 * 8) Samson (Simson) b. Isaac ha-Levi Bloch (JE | ) Galician author; born in Kulikow, near Lemberg, 1782; died there Oct. 7, 1845. He received the usual Talmudical education...
 * 9) Bloemfontein (JE | ) -- See S988: South Africa
 * 10) Blogg (JE | ) German author; native of Neuw&#228;gen in Hanover; died Feb. 11, 1858. He was a teacher of the Hebrew language, and founded...
 * 11) Blois (JE | ) Capital of the department of Loir-et-Cher, France. Although of small importance itself, Blois occupies a prominent place in...
 * 12) Blood (JE | ) the importance of blood for the continuance of life must have been recognized even in most remote antiquity and under the...
 * 13) Blood Accusation (JE | ) A term now usually understood to denote the accusation that the Jews&#8212;if not all of them, at all events certain Jewish...
 * 14) Blood-money (JE | ) Ransom paid by a murderer to the avenging kinsmen of a murdered man, in satisfaction for the crime. Among the Anglo-Saxons...
 * 15) Blood-money in Rumania (JE | ) According to the common law of Moldavia and Wallachia, the murder of a person entailed not only the execution of the murderer...
 * 16) Blood-relationship (JE | ) Family connection between persons otherwise than by marriage. To the casual reader of the Old Testament, blood-relationship...
 * 17) Maurice Bloomfield (JE | ) Professor of Sanskrit and comparative philology in Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; born at Bielitz, Austrian Silesia...
 * 18) Fanny Bloomfield-Zeisler JE (JE | ) American pianist; sister of Maurice Bloomfield; born at Bielitz, Austrian Silesia, July 16, 1866. In 1868 her parents settled...
 * 19) Karl Blosz (JE | ) German painter; born at Mannheim Nov. 24, 1860. He studied at the art school in Carlsruhe from 1880 to 1883, and was a pupil...
 * 20) Henri Georges Stephan Adolphe Opper de Blowitz (JE | ) Special correspondent at Paris of the London "Times"; born at Blowitz, Bohemia, Dec. 28, 1825; died in Paris Jan. 18, 1903...

1181 – 1200

 * 1) Ephraim Israel Bl&#252;cher (JE | ) Austrian rabbi and author; born Oct. 2, 1813, at Glocksdorf, Moravia; died at Budapest April 6, 1882. For some years he was...
 * 2) Abraham Blum (JE | ) French major; born in 1823; died at Boulogne, France, in 1894. He distinguished himself in the Crimean war in 1854, having...
 * 3) David Blum (JE | ) German Talmudist of the middle of the sixteenth century; rabbi at Sulzburg, near Freiburg in Baden [?]. He was classed among...
 * 4) Ernest Blum (JE | ) French dramatist; born in Paris Aug. 15, 1836. The son of an actor, he began at an early age to work for the theater. At eighteen...
 * 5) Isaac August Blum (JE | ) French mathematician; born at Paris in 1831; died there Jan. 5, 1877. He entered in 1831 the Ecole Polytechnique and was graduated...
 * 6) Julius Blum (JE | ) Austro-Egyptian financier; born at Budapest, Hungary, in 1843. In 1869 he became director of the Austro-Egyptian bank at Alexandria...
 * 7) Leopold Blumenberg (JE | ) American soldier; born in the province of Brandenburg, Prussia, Sept. 28, 1827; died at Baltimore Aug. 12, 1876. He was the...
 * 8) Marc A Blumenberg (JE | ) American musical critic and editor; born at Baltimore, Md., May 21, 1851; educated in the public schools of that city, and...
 * 9) Aron Wolff Blumenfeld (JE | ) German composer; born at Kurnik, Posen, Feb. 29, 1828. In 1846 he went to Berlin, where he studied with Rungenhagen, and afterward...
 * 10) Berish Blumenfeld (JE | ) Galician Hebraist; flourished in the first half of the nineteenth century. He was one of the wealthy Hebrew scholars of that...
 * 11) Feitel (Fadei) Blumenfeld (JE | ) Russian rabbi; born in 1826; died at Kherson Dec. 4, 1896. He graduated from the rabbinical college at Jitomir, and for about...
 * 12) Hermann Fadeyevich Blumenfeld (JE | ) Russian lawyer, son of Feitel (Fadei); born in Kherson Sept. 2, 1861; received his education at the high school of his birthplace...
 * 13) Ignatz Blumenfeld (JE | ) Austrian publisher and merchant; born March 25, 1812, at Brody, Galicia; died Oct. 2, 1890, at Geneva, Switzerland. He was...
 * 14) J C Blumenfeld (JE | ) Polish litterateur and revolutionist; born about 1810; died before 1840. Blumenfeld was one of the leaders of a band of young...
 * 15) Simon Blumenfeldt (JE | ) Russian calligrapher; born in Mitau, Courland, 1770; died at the same place 1826. He possessed the gift of writing in characters...
 * 16) Leo Blumenstock von Halban (JE | ) Austrian physician; born at Cracow March 11, 1838; died there Feb. 28, 1897. Educated at the gymnasium and university of his...
 * 17) Heinrich Blumenthal (JE | ) German manufacturer and philanthropist; born at Darmstadt, Hesse, March 12, 1824; died there March 27, 1901. Even as a boy...
 * 18) Joseph Blumenthal (JE | ) American communal worker; born in Munich, Germany, Dec. 1, 1834; died in New York March 2, 1901. In 1839 he went to the United...
 * 19) Mark Blumenthal (JE | ) American physician; born July 11, 1831, at Altenstadt-on-the-Iller, Bavaria.He came to America with his parents in Aug., 1839...
 * 20) Nissen Blumenthal (JE | ) Russian Chazan; born in Jassy, Rumania, 1805; died in Odessa Feb. 9, 1902. Though educated for the rabbinate, his excellent...

1201 – 1220

 * 1) Oskar Blumenthal JE (JE | ) German author and playwright; born at Berlin March 13, 1852. He was educated at the gymnasium and the university of his native...
 * 2) B& (JE | ) the largest and oldest Jewish fraternal organization. It has (1902) a membership of about 30,000, divided into more than 330...
 * 3) B& (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 4) Bnei Zion (JE | ) -- See F355: Fraternities
 * 5) Wild Boar (JE | ) in Psalm lxxx. 14 the wild boar is introduced in a metaphor and described as coming out of the wood to root up the vine. Wild...
 * 6) Eduard Boas (JE | ) German author and traveler; born at Landsberg-on-the-Warthe Jan. 1, 1815; died there June, 1853. He was destined for a commercial...
 * 7) Ismar Boas (JE | ) German physician and medical author; born at Exin, province of Posen, Prussia, March 28, 1858. After having completed his...
 * 8) Boat (JE | ) -- See N139: Navigation
 * 9) Boaz JE (JE | ) One of the relatives of Elimelech, husband of Naomi; a wealthy Judean, living at Bethlehem in Judah (Ruth ii. 1). He was one...
 * 10) Israel Michael Boaz (JE | ) -- See C885: Cresson, Warder
 * 11) Bobovnia (JE | ) -- See M643: Minsk
 * 12) Bobruisk (JE | ) City in a district of the same name, in the government of Minsk, Russia; situated on the right bank of the River Berezina...
 * 13) Abraham b. Moses Bocara (JE | ) Rabbi of the community of Leghorn Jews at Tunis, where he died in 1879. He was the author of "Ben Abraham," a work treating...
 * 14) Giovanni Boccaccio in Jewish Literature (JE | ) Among the translations into Jud&#230;o-German of popular books and legends, such as Bevis of Hampton, the Arthur legend, and...
 * 15) Samuel Bochart (JE | ) One of the greatest scholars of the seventeenth century, and an illustrious representative of the science and theology of...
 * 16) Bochim (JE | ) Name of a place near Beth-el. The Septuagint reads in Judges ii. 1, "The place of weeping to Beth-el and to all Israel." It...
 * 17) Hayyim b. Benjamin Ze& (JE | ) Cabalist, Talmudist, and grammarian; born at Cracow, Galicia, in the first quarter of the seventeenth century; died at F&#252...
 * 18) Austria Bochnia (JE | ) -- See G30: Galicia
 * 19) Alfred Bock (JE | ) German novelist; born at Giessen, Hesse-Darmstadt, Oct. 14, 1859. He received his education at the gymnasium and the university...
 * 20) M H Bock (JE | ) German educator; born at Magdeburg, 1784; died at Leipsic April 10, 1816, while on a journey. He was one of the ablest modern...

1221 – 1240

 * 1) Bodek (JE | ) -- See B494: Bedi&#7731;ah
 * 2) Herman Bodek (JE | ) Galician Hebraist; born in Brody Sept. 27, 1820; died at Leipsic Aug. 19, 1880. He was descended from a highly respected family...
 * 3) Jacob Bodek, of Lemberg (JE | ) Galician Hebraist; died at Lemberg 1856. He published "Ha-Ro&#39;eh v-MebakKer Sifre Mechabre Zemanenu" (Spectator...
 * 4) Levi Bodenheimer JE (JE | ) Consistorial rabbi at Krefeld, in the Rhine province; born Dec. 13, 1807, at Carlsruhe; died Aug. 25, 1867, at Krefeld. He...
 * 5) Johann Christian Georg Bodenschatz JE (JE | ) German Protestant theologian; born at Hof, Germany, May 25, 1717; died Oct. 4, 1797, at Baiersdorf near Erlangen. In his early...
 * 6) Bodensee (JE | ) -- See C742: Constance, Lake of
 * 7) Julius Bodenstein (JE | ) German landscape-painter; born in Berlin Aug. 4, 1847. He studied at the Berlin Academy under Sch&#252;tze and Hermann Schnee...
 * 8) Bodleian Library (JE | ) the well-known University Library at Oxford, England. The building which at present forms the reading-room of the Bodleian...
 * 9) Bodo JE (JE | ) Bishop and chaplain of Emperor Louis the Pious. After a dissolute life at court, he made (838) a pilgrimage to Rome, was converted...
 * 10) Body in Jewish Theology (JE | ) in Hebrew the idea of "body" is expressed by the term "basar" (Assyrian, "bishru"), which, commonly translated "flesh," originally...
 * 11) Johannes Boeschenstain (JE | ) German Hebraist; born at Eslingen in 1472; said to have been of Jewish parentage, this statement, however, being denied by...
 * 12) Boethusians JE (JE | ) A Jewish sect closely related to, if not a development of, the Sadducees. The origin of this schism is recounted as follows...
 * 13) Frederike Bognar (JE | ) German actress; born at Gotha Feb. 16, 1840. Her father was a singer, and Frederike was destined for a musical career. After...
 * 14) Andrei Bogolyubski (JE | ) First grand duke of Russia (1169-74). He conquered Kiev after the death of Vladimir Monomakh (1169), but selected the northern...
 * 15) Grigori Isaacovich Bogrov (JE | ) Russian writer; born March 13, 1825, in Poltava; died May 10, 1885, at Derevki, government of Minsk. He received his early...
 * 16) Boguslav (JE | ) Town in the government of Kiev, Russia. It is mentioned in official documents dated 1195. Nothing is known of the date of...
 * 17) Bohemia (JE | ) Crown land in the northernmost part of the Austro-Hungarian empire. The history of the first settlement of Jews in Bohemia...
 * 18) Moses B& (JE | ) German physician; flourished in the middle of the eighteenth century. In 1740 he was engaged by the Jewish community of Halberstadt...
 * 19) Israel b. Joseph B&#246;hmer (JE | ) Russian Neo-Hebraist and lexicographer; born about 1820; died in Slutzk, government of Minsk, April 4, 1860. His father, R...
 * 20) Joseph b. Me& (V03p292001jpg) (JE | ) Lithuanian rabbi and Talmudist; born at Skudy in 1796; died May 7, 1864, at Slutsk. One of the most eminent pupils of R. &#7716...

1241 – 1260

 * 1) Boil (JE | ) the rendering, in the English versions of the Scriptures, of the Hebrew word "shechin," which comes from a root meaning...
 * 2) Bojanowo (JE | ) A town in the district of Ravditsch, province of Posen, Germany. A Jewish community of one hundred and forty-four souls dwelt...
 * 3) Bokhara (JE | ) Capital of the khanate of the same name in Central Asia; a principal seat of Islam and, with Samarcand, a center of Mohammedan...
 * 4) Leone Bolaffio (JE | ) Italian jurist; born at Padua July 5, 1848. He was educated at Padua; attended the public schools, the Talmudic college&#8212...
 * 5) Luigi Filippo Bolaffio (JE | ) Italian journalist and publisher; born in Venice 1846, died at Milan 1901. While he was still a youth his parents moved to...
 * 6) Bolat (JE | ) -- See B1581: Bulat
 * 7) Bolechow (JE | ) Town in the district of Dolina, Galicia, Austria, the population of which in 1890 was 4,402, of whom half were Jews. The Jewish...
 * 8) Boleslaw I Chrobry (JE | ) King of Poland from 992 to 1025. According to the Polish preacher Matheusz Bembo, a contemporary of Sigismund III. (beginning...
 * 9) Boleslaw III Krzywousty (JE | ) King of Poland from 1102 to 1139. In his time, according to Naruschewicz, the Jews spread through Poland and Lithuania as...
 * 10) Boleslaw Pobozny (JE | ) Duke of Kalisz; died 1278. He was distinguished for his courage and administrative ability. Boleslaw aimed at furthering the...
 * 11) Boleslaw V Wstydliwy (JE | ) King of Poland (1228-79). During his reign (1240) the Mongols under Batu-Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan, invaded Poland...
 * 12) Boleso (JE | ) -- See H970: Hungary
 * 13) Bologna (JE | ) Capital of the province of Bologna and of the division of Emilia, in northern Italy. As early as the beginning of the fourth...
 * 14) Bombay, India (JE | ) -- See B710: Beni-Israel
 * 15) Daniel Bomberg (JE | ) Christian printer and publisher of Hebrew works; born at Antwerp; died at Venice in 1549. After having learned from his father...
 * 16) Bona Sforza (JE | ) Polish queen; born 1493; died 1557; second wife of King Sigismund I. She was remarkable for her beauty and energy, but thoroughly...
 * 17) Bonafos (JE | ) French physician; lived in the second half of the fourteenth century at Perpignan, where he was president of the community...
 * 18) Astruc Azariah b. Joseph Bonafos (JE | ) -- See A2196: Azaria b. Joseph
 * 19) Menahem ben Abraham Bonafos (JE | ) French philosopher; flourished at the end of the fourteenth century and at the beginning of the fifteenth. He was the author...
 * 20) Vidal Bonafos (V03p300007jpg) (JE | ) Talmudist of Barcelona, at the end of the thirteenth century. Bonafos took a very active part in the anti-Maimonistic controversy, and tried...

1261 – 1280

 * 1) Daniel Israel Bonafoux (JE | ) An active adherent of Shabbethai Zebi; lived at Smyrna in the seventeenth century. He was not disappointed when the...
 * 2) Menahem ben Abraham Bonafos (JE | ) -- See B1259: Bonafos, Menahem b. Abraham
 * 3) Louis-Gabriel-Ambroise Bonald (JE | ) French philosopher, politician, and anti-Jewish writer; born Oct. 2, 1774; died at Nomma Nov. 23, 1840. Being opposed to the...
 * 4) David Bonan (JE | ) Rabbi of the Livornian community of Tunis; died in that city in 1850. After his death his family defrayed the expenses of...
 * 5) Isaac Bonan (JE | ) Author; father of David Bonan; lived in Tunis at the end of the eighteenth century. After his death the following works of...
 * 6) Napoleon Bonaparte (JE | ) See Napoleon I.
 * 7) Bonastruc Desma& JE (JE | ) Spanish controversialist at the disputation at Tortosa 1413-14. Bonastruc was a prominent citizen in Gerona. When, under a...
 * 8) Isaac Bonastruc (JE | ) Rabbi at Palma in Majorca at the end of the fourteenth century; probably born in Barcelona. After the loss of his entire fortune...
 * 9) Bonastruc da Porta (JE | ) -- See M910: Moses b. Na&#7717;man
 * 10) Fortunato de S Bonaventura (JE | ) Member of the Royal Academy of Science of Lisbon about the beginning of the nineteenth century. He attempted a history of...
 * 11) Moses Bonavoglio (Hefez), of Messina (JE | ) Sicilian physician; born at the end of the fourteenth century; died 1447. Renowned for his learning and eloquence, he was...
 * 12) Bondage (JE | ) -- See S850: Slaves and Slavery
 * 13) Bondavi (En) (JE | ) Translator; brother of Samuel of Marseilles; lived at Tarascon in the first half of the fourteenth century. Bondavi assisted...
 * 14) Bonjudes Bondavin (JE | ) Physician; lived at the end of the fourteenth century and the beginning of the fifteenth. He practised medicine at Marseilles...
 * 15) Abraham ben Yom-Tov Bondi (JE | ) Bohemian Talmudist; died 1787 at Prague. His posthumous work, "Zera&#39; Abraham" (Seed of Abraham), essays on various treatises...
 * 16) Elijah ben Selig Bondi (JE | ) Austrian preacher; born at Prague at the end of the eighteenth century; died there about 1860. He studied Talmud at Presburg...
 * 17) Jonas Bondi (JE | ) American rabbi; born at Dresden, Saxony, July 9, 1804; died at New York March 11, 1874. He was educated at the University...
 * 18) Mordecai Bondi (JE | ) German author; lived at Dresden in the first quarter of the nineteenth century. He wrote, together with his brother Simon...
 * 19) Nehemiah Bondi (JE | ) -- See A608: Bondi, Abraham b. Yom-&#7788;ob
 * 20) Philip Bondi (JE | ) Austrian rabbi; born at Jinoschitz, Bohemia, Feb. 26, 1830. After having received a good education at home under the care...

1281 – 1300

 * 1) Simon Bondi (JE | ) Lexicographer of the Talmud; lived at Dresden; died there Dec. 20, 1816. He wrote, together with his brother Mordecai, the...
 * 2) Bondmaid (JE | ) -- See S850: Slaves and Slavery
 * 3) Bondman (JE | ) -- See S850: Slaves and Slavery
 * 4) Bondoa (JE | ) -- See T249: Todros b. Moses Yom-&#7788;ob
 * 5) Bonds (JE | ) -- See D203: Deeds
 * 6) B& (Bona) (JE | ) Town in the province of Constantine, Algeria, called by the Romans "Hippo Regius." It had many Jewish inhabitants as early...
 * 7) Bonenfante of Milhaud (JE | ) French physician; lived in the fourteenth century. He was the author of a medical treatise entitled "Gabriel," still extant...
 * 8) Abigdor b. Meshullam Bonet (JE | ) -- See A281: Abigdor, Abraham
 * 9) Abraham Prophiat Bonet (JE | ) -- See B492: Bedersi, Jedaiah B. Abraham
 * 10) Jacob ben David ben Yom-Tob (Bonjorn) Bonet JE (JE | ) Spanish astronomer; lived probably at Perpignan in the fourteenth century. He was the author of astronomical tables prepared...
 * 11) Bonet de Lates JE (JE | ) Physician and astrologer; known chiefly as the inventor of an astronomical ring-dial by means of which solar and stellar altitudes...
 * 12) Sen Bonet de Lunel (JE | ) French author of the Middle Ages. He wrote a supercommentary on ibn Ezra&#39;s Bible commentary, which is mentioned by Nathaniel...
 * 13) Bonet b. Meshullam b. Solomon (JE | ) -- See A281: Abigdor, Abraham
 * 14) Solomon ben Reuben Bonfed JE (JE | ) Rabbi at Saragossa, and poet; lived at the end of the fourteenth century and the beginning of the fifteenth. His diwan, still...
 * 15) Immanuel ben Jacob Bonfils (JE | ) Physician, mathematician, and astronomer; lived at Orange, France, and later at Tarascon, in the fourteenth century. He was...
 * 16) Joseph b. Samuel Bonfils (JE | ) French Talmudist, Bible commentator, and "payye&#7789;an"; lived in the middle of the eleventh century. Of his life nothing...
 * 17) Bongodas Caslari (JE | ) -- See C224: Caslari
 * 18) Bongodas Cohen (JE | ) Proven&#231;al physician; flourished in 1353. No details of his life can be ascertained. He was the author of a Latin work...
 * 19) Me& (JE | ) Proven&#231;al poet; lived at the end of the thirteenth century. He is quoted in the diwan of Abraham Bedersi, who was chosen...
 * 20) Bongoron JE (JE | ) Astronomer; lived at Perpignan in the middle of the fourteenth century. The name "Bongorn" or "Bonjorn" is the Proven&#231...

1301 – 1320

 * 1) Boniface VIII (Benedict Gaetan) (JE | ) One hundred and ninety-eighth pope; born at Anagni, Italy; elected pope Dec. 24, 1294; died 1303. He succeeded Celestin V...
 * 2) Boniface IX (Pietro Tomacelli) (JE | ) Two hundred and eighth pope; born at Naples; elected pope Nov. 2, 1389; died at Rome in 1404. His pontificate was very favorable...
 * 3) Alphonsus Bonihominis (JE | ) -- See A1207: Alfonsus Bonihominis
 * 4) Solomon Bonirac (JE | ) Spanish translator; lived at Barcelona in the middle of the fourteenth century. He translated from the Arabic into Hebrew...
 * 5) Bonn (JE | ) City in Rhenish Prussia. It had a Jewish community at an early date. Ephraim ben Jacob of Bonn (b. 1133), as a boy of thirteen...
 * 6) Jonas ben Moses Bonn (JE | ) Physician; lived in Frankfort-on-the-Main in the seventeenth century. Though not in the employ of the community, his name...
 * 7) Bonnet (JE | ) -- See C822: Costume
 * 8) Bonosus (JE | ) -- See A1586: Antioch
 * 9) Bonsenior Gracian (JE | ) -- See G402: Gracian
 * 10) Solomon Bonsenior (JE | ) -- See J217: Jekuthiel B. Solomon
 * 11) Ibn Yahya Bonsenior (JE | ) Chess expert. No details of his life can be obtained. The name is probably Proven&#231;al, and he lived certainly not later...
 * 12) Astruc Bonsenyor (JE | ) from 1259, if not earlier, dragoman and Arabic secretary to Jaime I. of Aragon; died 1280. He was a native of Barcelona. He...
 * 13) Astruc Bonsenyor (JE | ) Grandson of Astruc Bonsenyor, the dragoman of Jaime I. of Aragon; father of Judah Bonsenyor. He was a physician in Barcelona...
 * 14) Isaac Bonsenyor (JE | ) Son or grandson of Judah Bonsenyor; lived in Barcelona; in 1391 became a Christian, and took the name Ferrario Gracia de Gualbis...
 * 15) Judah Bonsenyor (JE | ) Notary-general of Aragon, and translator from the Arabic; son of the elder Astruc, and, like his father, interpreter, first...
 * 16) Bonviva (JE | ) French Tosafist; flourished probably early in the thirteenth century at Ch&#226;teau-Thierry. He and his father are mentioned...
 * 17) Book-clasps (JE | ) -- See B1072: Binding
 * 18) Book-collectors (JE | ) the ideal of learning being so characteristically Jewish, it is natural that many Jews should have collected materials of...
 * 19) Book of Life (JE | ) the book, or muster-roll, of God in which all the worthy are recorded for life. God has such a book, and to be blotted out...
 * 20) Book-plates (Ex-libris) (JE | ) Labels with emblematic designs, with references to the names of the owners of the books in which they are inserted. Bookplates...

1321 – 1340

 * 1) Book-trade (JE | ) the trade in books was carried on by Jews long before the invention of printing. A catalogue of a bookseller of the twelfth...
 * 2) Bookbinders (JE | ) -- See B1072: Binding
 * 3) Boot (JE | ) -- See S652: Shoe
 * 4) Booth (JE | ) A rendering, in the English versions of the Bible, of the Hebrew word "sukkah"; also occasionally translated "pavilion" or...
 * 5) Booths (JE | ) -- See T3: Tabernacle
 * 6) Booty (JE | ) -- See W37: War
 * 7) Germany Boppard (JE | ) -- See B1173: Blood Accusation
 * 8) Marc Borchard (JE | ) German physician and author; born in Mecklenburg, 1808; died at Paris June 21, 1872. He graduated as M. D. at Halle, later...
 * 9) Bruno Borchardt (JE | ) German physicist and author; born at Bromberg Nov. 17, 1859. Educated at Berlin, where he graduated as Ph.D., he was appointed...
 * 10) Felix Borchardt (JE | ) German painter; born in Berlin March 7, 1857; studied at the Berlin Academy and with Max Michael; traveled extensively in...
 * 11) Karl Wilhelm Borchardt (JE | ) German mathematician; born Feb. 22, 1817, at Berlin; died there June 27, 1880. He studied from 1839 to 1843 at K&#246;nigsberg...
 * 12) Bordeaux (JE | ) in medieval times capital of Guienne; to-day, of the department of La Gironde, France. It derives its name from Bourdelois...
 * 13) Borders (JE | ) Ornamental designs surrounding printed pages. The first ornaments for title-pages consisted of arabesque borders with white...
 * 14) Borek (JE | ) Borek is the birthplace of Elias Guttmacher, known by the name "Gr&#228;tzer Raw."D. M. L. B.           					  						  							...
 * 15) Borerim (JE | ) Name of electors of a congregation, and applied particularly to the five distinguished representatives of the community in...
 * 16) Borger (JE | ) Cabalist; lived at Z&#252;lz, Prussia, in the seventeenth century; corrector of the press in the printing-house of Shabbethai...
 * 17) Moses Boris (JE | ) French colonel; born in the department of Meurthe in 1808; died in Paris June 13, 1884. At the age of twenty-six he entered...
 * 18) Borisov (JE | ) Town and district in the government of Minsk, Russia; situated on a peninsula on the left bank of the Beresina, about fifty...
 * 19) Borispol (JE | ) A village in the district of Pereyaslav, government of Poltawa. Its population of 10,000 embraces about 1,000 Jews. Of the...
 * 20) Kalman ben Phineas Seligman Borkum (JE | ) Court Jew of Duke Peter Biron of Courland; born in the middle of the eighteenth century; died at Mitau in 1828, on the same...

1341 – 1360

 * 1) Gustav Jacob Born JE (JE | ) German histologist and medical author; born at Kempen, province of Posen, Prussia, April 22, 1851. He received his education...
 * 2) Karl Ludwig B& (JE | ) German political and literary writer; born May 6, 1786, at Frankfort-on-the-Main; died in Paris Feb. 12, 1837. The family...
 * 3) Arthur Bornstein (JE | ) German author; born at Breslau March 23, 1867; studied at Breslau, Berlin, and Bern; and passed the state examination in Berlin...
 * 4) Paul Bornstein (JE | ) German author; born in Berlin April 8, 1868; educated in and graduated from the university in that city, receiving the degree...
 * 5) Borodavka (JE | ) Lithuanian farmer of taxes and distillery privileges; lived in the sixteenth century at Brest-Litovsk. He is first mentioned...
 * 6) Samuel Hyman Borofsky (JE | ) Born at Wolkovyshki, government of Suvalki, Russian Poland, April, 1865. He was educated in the schools of his native place...
 * 7) Isidor Borowski (JE | ) Soldier under Bolivar y Ponte, and, later, a Persian general; born at Warsaw, Poland, 1803; killed at the siege of Herat in 1837...
 * 8) Borrow (JE | ) See Commerce and Trade.
 * 9) Borrower (JE | ) One who receives, at his own request, the property of another, for free use, upon the agreement that it shall be returned...
 * 10) Moses ben Solomon de Boshal (Bostal) (JE | ) Turkish Talmudist and preacher of the seventeenth century. He wrote "Yismach Mosheh" (Moses Rejoices), a homiletic commentary...
 * 11) Bosheth (JE | ) Used concretely by the Prophets as "the shameful thing" to designate the Baalim and their images. (See Hosea ix. 10 and Jer...
 * 12) Agron Machimovitsch Bosko (JE | ) -- See L468: Lithuania
 * 13) Wolf Boskovitz (JE | ) the first rabbi of the congregation of Budapest; died 1818. In 1787 the Jewish community at Pest was sufficiently large to...
 * 14) Boskowitz (JE | ) Town in Moravia, about 21 miles to the north of Br&#252;nn. It has one of the oldest and most important communities in the...
 * 15) Hayyim ben Jacob Boskowitz (JE | ) Palestinian author; lived about the middle of the eighteenth century. He wrote the "Toze&#39;ot &#7716;ayyim"(Life&#39...
 * 16) Yom-Tob Lipman ha-Kohen Boslanski (JE | ) Russian rabbi; born 1824; died in Mir, government of Grodno, Dec. 26, 1892. In his younger days he was rabbi in Khaslavich...
 * 17) Bosnia (JE | ) Province of the Balkan peninsula, on the frontier of Austria and of Montenegro. Formerly under Turkish rule, it came under...
 * 18) Bosor (JE | ) 1. A city of Gilead, which Judas Maccabeus conquered (I Macc. v. 26, 36). It may be identified with the modern "Bu&#7779;r...
 * 19) Bosora (JE | ) -- See B1376: Bozrah
 * 20) Cimmerian Bosporus (JE | ) Name of the ancients for the strait of Yenikale or of Theodosia; on the eastern coast of the Black Sea. The country on both...

1361 – 1380

 * 1) Bostanai JE (JE | ) First exilarch under Arabian rule; flourished about the middle of the seventh century. The name is Aramaized from the Persian...
 * 2) Boston (JE | ) Capital and chief city of the state of Massachusetts in the United States.Nothing definite is known of Jews in Boston prior...
 * 3) Botany (JE | ) the science that treats of plants. Like grammar and other sciences based on logical thought, scientific botany originated...
 * 4) Moses Botarel (Boterello, Botril, Botrelli) (JE | ) -- See M848: Moses Botarel
 * 5) Boton >> Abraham de Boton JE (JE | ) Spanish family, which immigrated to Salonica, Turkey, in 1492, and which has produced many eminent rabbis and Talmudists....
 * 6) Bottle (JE | ) the Authorized Version (partly after the example of the Vulgate, which uses "lagena," I Sam. x. 3; "laguncula," Lam. iv. 2)...
 * 7) Boul& (JE | ) Court of justice, or Sanhedrin; also the seat of the senate (Josephus, "B. J." v. 4, &#167; 2; hence also, &#946;&#959;&#965...
 * 8) Boundaries (JE | ) Limits of a tract of land. When the Hebrew tribes gave up their nomadic life and settled in Palestine in agricultural communities...
 * 9) Bourgas (JE | ) City of eastern Rumelia (southern Bulgaria) and port on the Black Sea; six hours distant from Constantinople. The Jews of...
 * 10) Bourges (JE | ) Capital of the department of Cher, France. From the beginning of the Middle Ages Jews dwelt in Bourges. It is recorded that...
 * 11) Bovo Buch (JE | ) -- See B41: Baba Buch
 * 12) Bow (JE | ) -- See A1731: Archer
 * 13) Bowl (JE | ) -- See D486: Drinking-Vessels
 * 14) Box-tree (JE | ) Judging by Isa. lx. 13, the box-tree (A. V. "box") is a tree of the Lebanon, promised for the rebuilding of the Temple, together...
 * 15) Bozecchi (JE | ) Prominent Italian family, the members of which when settling at Rome called themselves after their native place, Buzecchio...
 * 16) Bozrah (JE | ) According to Isa. xxxiv. 6, lxiii. 1; Amos i. 12; Jer. xlix. 13, 22, one of the principal cities, or perhaps the capital,...
 * 17) Hayyim Obadiah ben Jacob Obadiah Di Bozzolo (JE | ) Talmudist and cabalist; lived at Salonica in the middle of the sixteenth century; probably a native of Bozzolo in Italy, wherefore...
 * 18) Bracelets (JE | ) Ornaments in the form of rings for the arm, worn by the Hebrews, as well as by all ancient peoples. Besides serving as ornaments...
 * 19) Jacob Brafmann (JE | ) Jewish convert to Christianity; born in Russia; died in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. After having tried many...
 * 20) Bragadini (JE | ) Family of printers at Venice. After the decline of the Bomberg printing-press a fierce rivalry grew up at Venice among the...

1381 – 1400

 * 1) Bragan&#231;a (JE | ) City of Portugal, in the province of Tras-os-Montes. In 1250 nineteen of the Jews living there were accused of usury. They...
 * 2) Bragin (JE | ) Village of Russia, in the government of Minsk, having a population (1898) of 4,520, including 2,248 Jews, of whom 256 were...
 * 3) John Braham (JE | ) English tenor singer; born in London 1774; died there Feb. 17, 1856. His parents dying in his childhood, he became a chorister...
 * 4) Tycho Brahe (JE | ) -- See G63: Gans, David
 * 5) Otto (Abrahamsohn) Brahm (JE | ) German dramatic critic and manager; born in Hamburg Feb. 5, 1856. He studied philosophy, German philology, and the history...
 * 6) Braila (JE | ) -- See R475: Rumania
 * 7) Brailov (JE | ) Town in the district of Vinitza, government of Podolia. The population at the census of 1897 was 8,972, including 3,924 Jews...
 * 8) Ruben Brainin JE (JE | ) Hebrew publicist and biographer; born in Russia in the last half of the nineteenth century; is now (1902) living in Berlin...
 * 9) Simon Brainin JE (JE | ) Russian physician; born at Riga, Livonia, July 15, 1854. He graduated from the gymnasium of his birthplace; studied medicine...
 * 10) Bramble (JE | ) A prickly shrub. The word serves as a translation for two Hebrew terms and a Greek one, all of which, however, should receive...
 * 11) Leo Bramson (JE | ) Russian jurist and writer; born at Kovno April 17, 1869; graduated from the Moscow University as a "candidatus juris." He...
 * 12) Fernando Alvarez Brandam (JE | ) Marano and physician at Lisbon in the seventeenth century; contemporary of Manuel Fernandez de Villa-Real, who characterizes...
 * 13) Baruch Judah Brandeis (JE | ) Bohemian rabbi and author; lived in the second half of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century at Prague...
 * 14) Bezaleel ben Moses Brandeis (JE | ) Bohemian rabbi and author; died about 1750 at Jung-Bunzlau, where he was district rabbi and director of a Talmudic academy...
 * 15) Frederick Brandeis (JE | ) Musician; born at Vienna July 5, 1832; died at New York May 14, 1899. He studied at the University of Vienna, and received...
 * 16) Moses Brandeis (JE | ) German rabbi and Talmudic teacher; born about 1685; died June 24, 1761, in Mayence. As his surname indicates, he was famous...
 * 17) Brandenburg (JE | ) Province of Prussia. In documents of the thirteenth century Jews are mentioned as living in the mark of Brandenburg and carrying...
 * 18) Carl Eduard Cohen Brandes (JE | ) Danish author and politician; born at Copenhagen, Oct. 21, 1847; brother of George Brandes. At the age of eighteen he entered...
 * 19) Ernst Immanuel Cohen Brandes (JE | ) Danish economist; born at Copenhagen Feb. 1, 1844; died there Aug. 6, 1892. He was a brother of the critic Georg Brandes and...
 * 20) Georg Morris Cohen Brandes (JE | ) Danish author and critic; born in Copenhagen, Denmark, Feb. 4, 1842. He graduated in 1859, and for a short time studied law...

1401 – 1420

 * 1) Ludvig Israel Brandes (JE | ) Danish physician; born in Copenhagen Oct. 26, 1821; diedthere Sept. 17, 1894. In 1839 he entered the University of Copenhagen...
 * 2) Marthe Brand&#232;s (Marthe-Jos&) (JE | ) French actress; born in Paris Jan. 31, 1862. She first studied design, sculpture, and music, and, finally, the drama. Successful...
 * 3) Mordecai ben Eliezer Brandes (JE | ) German Talmudist; lived at Frankfort-on-the-Main in the middle of the eighteenth century. Engaged by the Jewish community...
 * 4) Benjamin Raphael Dias Brandon (JE | ) Dutch Talmudist and Hebrew author; died about 1750 at Amsterdam, where he was cantor. He wrote: "Orot ha-Mizwot" (Lights...
 * 5) Jacob Emile & (JE | ) French genre painter; born at Paris July 3, 1831. A pupil of Picot, Montfort, and Corot, he entered the Ecole des Beaux Arts...
 * 6) Jules Benjamin Brandon (JE | ) French officer and scion of an ancient Sephardic family that went to France from Spain after the exodus of 1492; born Sept...
 * 7) Mordecai David Brandst&#228;dter (JE | ) Galician novelist; born Feb. 14, 1844, in Brzesko, Galicia. He received a good Talmudical education, and after his marriage...
 * 8) Marcus Brann (JE | ) German historian; born in Rawitsch July 9, 1849; son of Rabbi Solomon Brann. He studied at the University of Breslau, attending...
 * 9) Solomon Brann (JE | ) German rabbi; born in Rawitsch, Nov. 3, 1814. He attended for several years the yeshibah in Lissa, and continued his studies...
 * 10) Moritz Brasch JE (JE | ) German philosopher and litterateur; born at Zempelburg, West Prussia, Aug. 18, 1843; died at Leipzig Sept. 14, 1895. He was...
 * 11) Braslaw Nahman (JE | ) -- See N29: Nahman b. Sim&#7717;ah of Bratzlav
 * 12) Brass (JE | ) A composition of copper and zinc. The application of the word in the Bible is uncertain, as instruments of copper and bronze...
 * 13) Bratzlav (JE | ) A town in the government of Podolia, Russia, situated on the right bank of the southern Bug. It was founded in the fourteenth...
 * 14) Reuben Asher Braudes JE (JE | ) Hebrew novelist and journalist; born at Wilna, Russia, 1851; died in Vienna Oct. 18, 1902. Educated on the usual Talmudical...
 * 15) Alexander Braudo JE (JE | ) Russian author; born in 1864. From 1889 until 1892 he was reviewer of literature on Russian history for the "Jahresbericht...
 * 16) Josef Braun (JE | ) Austrian journalist, dramatist, and librettist; born at Budapest, May 5, 1840. Braun was educated for the profession of medicine...
 * 17) Solomon Braun JE (JE | ) French lieutenant of artillery; born at Paris, 1868; died in Togbao, Sudan, in 1899. His father, a poor pedler, observing...
 * 18) Abraham b. Eliezer Braunschweig (Brunschwig) (JE | ) Reviser of the rabbinical Bible published by the printer K&#246;nig of Basel in 1619; and assistant to Johannes Buxtorf, both...
 * 19) Jacob Eliezer Braunschweig (JE | ) German rabbi and Talmudic author of the seventeenth and the eighteenth century; died in Vienna April 16, 1729. Of his life...
 * 20) Moses ben Mordecai Braunschweig (JE | ) Polish Talmudist; lived about the middle of the sixteenth century at Cracow. He wrote a commentary on Jacob Weil&#39;s widely...

1421 – 1440

 * 1) Bravery (JE | ) -- See C830: Courage
 * 2) Abraham Bravo (JE | ) A financier living in London in 1710. He was a descendant of a Spanish-Portuguese family, and one of the earliest Anglo-Jewish...
 * 3) Bray-sur-Seine (JE | ) Small town situated between Provins and Montereau, in the department of Seine-et-Marne; belonged formerly to Champagne. In...
 * 4) Brazen Sea JE (JE | ) the brazen laver of the Mosaic ritual; made by Solomon out of bronze captured by David at Tibhath and Chun, cities of Hadarezer...
 * 5) Brazen Serpent (JE | ) An image set up by Moses which is said to have healed those who looked upon it. When the people of Israel, near the close...
 * 6) Brazier (JE | ) -- See C549: Coal
 * 7) Brazil (JE | ) the largest of the South American states, extending from lat. 5&#176; N. to 33&#176; 45&#39; S., long. 35&#176; to 74&#176...
 * 8) Breach of Promise of Marriage (JE | ) the refusal of either party to a contract of marriage to fulfil it. In order that there may be a breach of promise, there...
 * 9) Breach of Trust (JE | ) Violation by fraud or omission of any duty lawfully imposed upon a trustee, executor, or other person in a position of trust...
 * 10) Bread (JE | ) Bread was the principal article of food among the Hebrews, while meat, vegetables, or liquids served only to supplement the...
 * 11) Michel Jules Alfred Br& (JE | ) French philologist; born of French parentage at Landau, Rhenish Bavaria, March 26, 1832. He received his education at Weissenburg...
 * 12) Breastplate (JE | ) A rendering of the Hebrew "shiryon" or "siryon," which would be more correctly translated "coat of mail" or "cuirass." The...
 * 13) Breastplate of the High Priest (JE | ) A species of pouch, adorned with precious stones, worn by the high priest on his breast when he presented in the Holy Place...
 * 14) Breath (JE | ) -- See H865: Holy Spirit
 * 15) Adolph Brecher (JE | ) Austrian physician; born at Prossnitz, Moravia, in 1831; died at Olm&#252;tz April 13, 1894. He was the son of the physician...
 * 16) Gideon (Gedaliah b. Eliezer) Brecher JE (JE | ) Austrian physician and author; born at Prossnitz, Moravia, Jan. 12, 1797; died there May 14, 1873.Brecher, who was the first...
 * 17) Bregenz (JE | ) -- See T376: Tyrol
 * 18) Eliezer b. Moses Bregman (JE | ) Russian financier and philanthropist; born in Indura (commonly called by Russian Jews "Amdur"), government of Grodno, in 1826...
 * 19) Moritz Wilhelm August Breidenbach (JE | ) German jurist; born at Offenbach-on-the-Main Nov. 13, 1796; died at Darmstadt April 2, 1857. He first attended the gymnasium...
 * 20) Wolf Breidenbach (JE | ) German court agent and champion of Jewish emancipation; born in the village of Breidenbach, Hesse-Cassel, 1751;died in Offenbach...

1441 – 1460

 * 1) Eduard Breier (JE | ) Austrian writer; born at Warasdin in Croatia Nov. 3, 1811; died at Zaiwitz near Znaim, Moravia, June 3, 1886. His first novel...
 * 2) Max Breitenstein (JE | ) Austrian writer and translator; born at Iglau, Moravia, Nov. 10, 1855. He attended the gymnasium of his native city and the...
 * 3) John Frederick Breithaupt (JE | ) Christian Hebraist and rabbinical scholar at the beginning of the eighteenth century; aulic councilor to the emperor and to...
 * 4) Bremen (JE | ) Free city of the German empire; remarkable as one of the places where few Jews have ever dwelt. A baptized Jew, Paulus, is...
 * 5) Samuel Friedrich Brenz JE (JE | ) Anti-Jewish writer; born at Osterburg, Bavaria, in the latter half of the sixteenth century; date and place of death unknown...
 * 6) Bresch (JE | ) Translator of the Pentateuch into Jud&#230;o-German; lived in Germany in the sixteenth century, He is known only from de Rossi...
 * 7) Brescia (JE | ) City and province of Lombardy, Italy. The Jews first settled there during Roman times. A commemorative stone, dating from...
 * 8) Breslau (JE | ) -- See S712: Silesia
 * 9) Aryeh L& (JE | ) German Talmudist and rabbi; born in 1741 at Breslau, Prussia; died April 22, 1809, at Rotterdam, Holland. He lived at Lissa...
 * 10) Joseph b. David Breslau (JE | ) German Talmudist and rabbi; born (probably at Breslau) in 1691; died Jan. 22, 1752, at Bamberg. He was at first a rabbi at...
 * 11) Marcus Heymann Breslau (JE | ) Author and journalist; born at Breslau, Germany; died in London May 14, 1864. He went to London as a youth, and for a time...
 * 12) Hermann Breslauer (JE | ) Austrian neuropath; born at Duschnik, Bohemia, Nov. 10, 1835. He was educated at the gymnasium at Pilsen and the University...
 * 13) Max Breslauer (JE | ) German chemist; born at Trebnitz, Prussian Silesia, June 19, 1856. He received his education at the universities of Leipsic...
 * 14) Emil Breslaur (JE | ) German musician and writer on musical pedagogics; born at Kottbus May 29, 1836. He first attended the gymnasium in his native...
 * 15) Isaac ben Elijah Levi Bresner (JE | ) Austrian educator; lived at Prague in the second half of the seventeenth century and the beginning of the eighteenth. In 1795...
 * 16) Heinrich Bresnitz (JE | ) Austrian author and journalist; born at Czernowitz, Bukowina, Austria-Hungary, 1844. In 1867 he established in Vienna a periodical...
 * 17) Me& (JE | ) German notary and secretary of the Reform congregation of Hamburg; born 1785 (?); died in Hamburg Dec. 25, 1839. He was identified...
 * 18) Harry Bresslau (JE | ) German historian; born in Dannenberg, Hanover, March 22, 1848. He studied history in G&#246;ttingen from 1866 to 1869; became...
 * 19) Mendel ben Hayyim Judah Bresslau (JE | ) Bookseller at Breslau (died 1829); author of articles in the periodical "Ha-Meassef," and of an allegorical ethical dialogue...
 * 20) Brest-litovsk (JE | ) A fortified town in the government of Grodno, Russia, at the junction of the Mukhovetz river with the western Bug; capital...

1461 – 1480

 * 1) Brestovitza (JE | ) Town in the district and government of Grodno, Russia, about forty miles south of the capital. From a record of a lawsuit...
 * 2) Joseph Breuer (JE | ) Austrian physician; born Jan. 15, 1842, at Vienna. He studied medicine at the University of Vienna, whence in 1863 he graduated...
 * 3) Bribery (JE | ) the offer or receipt of anything of value in corrupt payment for an official act done or to be done.The moral basis for the...
 * 4) Brichany (JE | ) Town in the government of Bessarabia, Russia, with (in 1898) 7,303 Jewish inhabitants in a total population of 8,094. The...
 * 5) Brick (JE | ) the expression "brick" (translated once "tile" in A. V., Ezek. iv. 1) designates both the burnt and the sun-dried brick...
 * 6) Bride (JE | ) the allegorical use of the name "Bride" for "Israel" is based upon Hosea ii. 19-20: "I will betroth thee forever," and, in...
 * 7) Bridegroom and Bridegroom& (JE | ) -- See B995: Betrothal
 * 8) Bridegroom of Genesis (Hatan Bereshit) (JE | ) -- See B1469: Bridegroom of the Law
 * 9) Bridegroom of the Law (Hatan Torah) (JE | ) the somewhat poetic designation of Bridegrooms of the Law and of Genesis are given to the persons called up in the synagogue...
 * 10) Bridegroom of the Torah (JE | ) -- See B1469: Bridegroom of the Law
 * 11) Bridle (JE | ) A term used in the English versions of the Bible interchangeably with bit to represent the three Hebrew words, and , which...
 * 12) Brieg (Brzeg) JE (JE | ) Town in Silesia; formerly the capital of the duchy of the same name. Jews settled there about 1324, chiefly because it was...
 * 13) Ludwig Brieger (JE | ) German physician and medical writer; born at Glatz, in Prussian Silesia, July 26, 1849. He received his education at the gymnasium...
 * 14) Judah Leon ben Eliezer Brieli (JE | ) Rabbi in Mantua; born about 1643; died in 1722.Brieli, besides being a high Talmudical authority, as is shown in the responsa...
 * 15) Brier (JE | ) -- See B1390: Bramble
 * 16) John Bright (JE | ) English statesman and orator; born at Greenbank, Nov. 16, 1811; died in Rochdale March 27, 1889. It has been stated that his...
 * 17) Azriel Brill (JE | ) Hungarian rabbi and author; lived in the first half of the nineteenth century; assistant rabbi (dayyan) at Pest, Hungary....
 * 18) Jehiel Brill (JE | ) Russian journalist. According to Zeitlin he was born in 1836 in Tultschin, Russian Poland; but Fuenn, who knew him well, states...
 * 19) Joel Brill (JE | ) -- See L575: L&#246;we, Joel
 * 20) Joseph Brill (JE | ) Russian teacher and Hebrew writer; born at Gorki, near Mohilev, on the Dnieper, 1839. He studied Talmud at the yeshibot of...

1481 – 1500

 * 1) Samuel L& JE (JE | ) Hungarian rabbi and Talmudical scholar; born Sept. 14, 1814, in Budapest; died April 8, 1897. He was carefully educated by...
 * 2) Brimstone (JE | ) Sulfur in a solid state. It is found in Palestine, in the region along the banks of the Jordan and around the Dead Sea, both...
 * 3) Brindisi (JE | ) Seaport on the coast of Calabria, Italy, whence the ancient Romans embarked for the East. Jews undoubtedly settled there at...
 * 4) Brisk (JE | ) -- See B1460: Brest-Litovsk
 * 5) Aaron b. Me& (JE | ) -- See A68: Aaron b. Me&#239;r of Brest
 * 6) Bristol (JE | ) Commercial seaport city in the counties of Gloucester and Somerset, England. Jews settled very early at Bristol, which was...
 * 7) British Museum, London (JE | ) Chief library and museum of the United Kingdom. It contains many books and objects of Jewish interest. the Hebrew MSS.: ...
 * 8) Brittany (JE | ) Ancient province of France corresponding to the present departments of Finist&#232;re, C&#244;tes-du-Nord, Morbihan, Ile et...
 * 9) Briviesca (JE | ) the ancient Virovesca; city in Old Castile, not far from Burgos. A Jewish community dwelt there, which in 1290 was taxed 11...
 * 10) Josef b. Brociner (JE | ) President of the Union of Hebrew Congregations of Rumania; born in Jassy, Rumania, Oct., 1846. From 1864 to 1866 he studied...
 * 11) Abraham ben Saul Broda JE (JE | ) Bohemian Talmudist; born about 1640 at Bunzlau; died April 11, 1717, at Frankfort-on-the-Main. Saul Broda sent his son to...
 * 12) Abraham b. Shalom Broda (JE | ) Russian rabbinical author; born in Wilna about the beginning of the nineteenth century; died there after 1860. His father...
 * 13) Benjamin b. Aaron Broda (JE | ) Lithuanian rabbi and Talmudist; died Sept. 1, 1818, at Grodno. He was the best-known Talmudist of the five sons of Aaron Broda...
 * 14) Brodski (JE | ) A family which has produced many rabbis and notable men in the last three hundred years. It is a branch of the Schor family...
 * 15) Adolph Brodsky (JE | ) Russian violinist; born in Taganrog March 21, 1851. At the age of nine he played in a concert at Odessa, attracting much attention...
 * 16) Brody (JE | ) -- See G30: Galicia
 * 17) Heinrich Brody JE (JE | ) Austrian rabbi; born May 21, 1868, at Ungv&#225;r, Hungary; descendant of Abraham Broda. Educated in the public schools of...
 * 18) S&#225;ndor Br&#243;dy JE (JE | ) Hungarian author and journalist; born at Erlau in 1863. After attending the schools of that city he devoted himself entirely...
 * 19) Sigmund Br& JE (JE | ) Hungarian journalist, and member of the Upper House of the Hungarian Parliament; born Nov. 15, 1840, at Miskolcz. He attended...
 * 20) Victor-Claude, Prince De Broglie (JE | ) French statesman; opponent of Jewish emancipation; born at Paris, 1757; beheaded in 1794 for intriguing against the French...