Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/M1

1 – 20

 * 1) Maacah JE (JE | ) Small Aramean kingdom east of the Sea of Galilee (I Chron. xix. 6). Its territory was in the region assigned to the half-tribe...
 * 2) Abu al-Ma& (JE | ) Egyptian physician; lived at Fus&#7789;a&#7789; (Cairo) at the end of the twelfth century. He was the physician of Sala&#7717...
 * 3) Ma& (JE | ) -- See M66: Mahamad
 * 4) Israel ben Samuel ha-Dayyan Ma& (Al-maghrebi) (JE | ) Karaite scholar; lived at Cairo in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries; teacher of the Karaite physician and writer Japhet...
 * 5) Nahum Ma& (JE | ) Moroccan Hebrew poet and translator of the thirteenth century ("Ma&#39;arabi," "Maghrabi" = "the western" or "the Moroccan")...
 * 6) Ma& (JE | ) the evening prayer, from the first benediction in which the name is taken, the Talmudic term being "Tefillat &#39;Arbit";...
 * 7) Joseph ben Jacob Maarssen (JE | ) Dutch scholar and publisher; member of a family of printers; lived at Amsterdam in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries...
 * 8) Joseph Maas (JE | ) English musician and singer; born at Dartford, Kent, Jan. 30, 1847; died at London Jan. 16, 1886. Maas acted as chorister...
 * 9) Myrtil Maas (JE | ) French mathematician; born in France in 1792; died in Paris Feb. 27, 1865. He early showed an aptitude for mathematics, and...
 * 10) Ma&; Ma& JE (JE | ) Talmudic terms for the esoteric doctrine of the universe, or for parts of it (comp. Cabala). Ma&#39;aseh Bereshit, following...
 * 11) Ma&#39;aseh Books (JE | ) Books written in Jud&#230;o-German in Hebrew script, and containing stories, legends, and tales ("ma&#39;asim") on various...
 * 12) Ma& (JE | ) -- See T227: Tithe
 * 13) Ma& (JE | ) Seventh masseket of the Mishnah, Tosefta, and Palestinian Gemara, in the Talmudic order of Zera&#39;im. It deals with the...
 * 14) Ma& (JE | ) -- See A1511: Anecdotes
 * 15) The Maccabaean (JE | ) Monthly magazine of Jewish life and literature published in New York; established Oct., 1901, as the outcome of a resolution...
 * 16) The Maccabaeans (JE | ) Association of English Jewish professional men and others; founded in 1892; its aim is social intercourse and cooperation...
 * 17) The Maccabees EL:JE (JE | ) Name given to the Hasmonean family. Originally the designation "Maccabeus" (Jerome, "Machab&#230;us") was applied solely to...
 * 18) Books of Maccabees (JE | ) There are four books which pass under this name&#8212;I, II, III, and IV Maccabees. The first of these is the only one of...
 * 19) Macedonia (JE | ) Country of southeastern Europe; now a part of the Turkish empire. It is the native country of Alexander the Great, who is...
 * 20) Machado (JE | ) Name of a family of Maranos which appears to have emigrated to America from Lisbon. The name is met with in Mexico and the...

21 – 40

 * 1) Machaerus (JE | ) Mountain fortress in Per&#230;a, on the boundary between Palestine and Arabia. Alexander Jann&#230;us first built a fortification...
 * 2) Masahod Cohen Machim (JE | ) Moorish envoy to England, in 1813, from Mulai Sulaiman, Emperor of Morocco (1794-1822), in whose reign Christian slavery was...
 * 3) Machir (JE | ) the first-born son of Manasseh (Josh. xvii. 1; I Chron. vii. 14); founder of the most important or dominant branch of the...
 * 4) Machir (JE | ) A Babylonian scholar who settled in Narbonne, France, at the end of the eighth century and whose descendants were for many...
 * 5) Machir ben Abba Mari JE (JE | ) Author of a work entitled "Yalchu&#7789; ha-Makiri," but about whom not even the country or the period in which he lived...
 * 6) Machir ben Judah JE (JE | ) French scholar of the tenth and eleventh centuries; born at Metz; brother of Gershom Me&#39;or ha-Golah. He is known by his...
 * 7) Adolf Machlup (JE | ) Hungarian merchant and philanthropist; born at Eisenstadt in 1833; died at Budapest Jan. 1, 1895. He studied at Budapest,...
 * 8) Machorro (JE | ) Name of a family of Sephardim that flourished in Brazil, Germany, Holland, Hungary, and Italy. Thirteen persons bearing the...
 * 9) Machpelah (JE | ) Name of a field and cave bought by Abraham as a burying-place. The meaning of the name, which always occurs with the definite...
 * 10) Macrocosm (JE | ) -- See M579: Microcosm and Macrocosm
 * 11) Madai (JE | ) -- See M323: Media
 * 12) Madrid (JE | ) Capital of Spain. Jews lived there as early as the twelfth century. By the old municipal law ("Fuero de Madrid") they were...
 * 13) Maftir (JE | ) the reader of the concluding portion of the Pentateuchal section on Sabbaths and holy days in the synagogue. On regular Sabbaths...
 * 14) Magazin F& (JE | ) Journal founded by Dr. Abraham Berliner Jan. 1, 1874. It appeared first as a bimonthly, in quarto form, under the title "Magazin...
 * 15) Magdala (JE | ) Town in Palestine in the province of Galilee; probably the birthplace of Mary Magdalene. There is a Talmudic sentence which...
 * 16) Magdeburg (JE | ) Capital of the Prussian province of Saxony; situated on the Elbe. It has a population of 229,633, of whom about 2,000 are...
 * 17) Magdeburg Law (Magdeburg Rights) (JE | ) General name for a system of privileges "securing the administrative independence of municipalities," which was adopted in...
 * 18) Magen Dawid (JE | ) the hexagram formed by the combination of two equilateral triangles; used as the symbol of Judaism. It is placed upon synagogues...
 * 19) Maggid JE (JE | ) -- See C1: Cabala
 * 20) Maggid JE (JE | ) Itinerant preacher, skilled as a narrator of stories. A preacher of the more scholarly sort was called "darshan" and usually...

41 – 60

 * 1) Hillel Noah Maggid (Steinschneider) JE (JE | ) Russian genealogist and historian; a descendant of the family of Saul Wahl; born at Wilna 1829; died there Oct. 29, 1903....
 * 2) Maggid Mishneh (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 3) Al-Maghariyyah (JE | ) Arabic name of a Jewish sect, meaning "Men of the Caves." According to the account given by Joseph al-Kirkisani...
 * 4) Magi (JE | ) -- See B52: Babylonia
 * 5) Magic (JE | ) the pretended art of producing preternatural effects; one of the two principal divisions of occultism, the other being Divination...
 * 6) Me& (JE | ) French silk-manufacturer; lived at Venice. In 1587 he went to Rome to promote the manufacture of silk, which had been begun...
 * 7) Magister Judaeorum (JE | ) -- See B1100: Bishop of the Jews
 * 8) Magistrate (JE | ) -- See J688: Judge
 * 9) Elijah Magistratus (JE | ) -- See E282: Elijah ben Samuel ben Parnes of Stephanow
 * 10) Magnesia (JE | ) -- See M145: Manissa
 * 11) Magnet (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 12) Eduard Magnus (JE | ) German painter; born at Berlin Jan. 7, 1799; died there Aug. 8, 1872. After studying successively medicine, architecture,...
 * 13) Heinrich Gustav Magnus JE (JE | ) German chemist and physicist; born in Berlin May 2, 1802; died there April 4, 1870. He was graduated from the University of...
 * 14) Lady Katie Magnus (JE | ) English authoress and communal worker; born at Portsmouth May 2, 1844; daughter of E. Emanuel; wife of Sir Philip Magnus....
 * 15) Laurie Magnus (JE | ) English author and publisher; son of Sir Philip Magnus; born in London in 1872; educated at Magdalen College, Oxford. He was...
 * 16) Ludwig Immanuel Magnus JE (JE | ) German mathematician; born in Berlin March 15, 1790; died there Sept. 25, 1861; cousin of Heinrich Gustav Magnus. His father...
 * 17) Markus Magnus (JE | ) Elder of the Jewish congregation of Berlin in the first quarter of the eighteenth century; court Jew to the crown prince,...
 * 18) Paul Wilhelm Magnus (JE | ) German botanist; born at Berlin Feb. 29, 1844; educated at the Werdergymnasium and the university of his native city and at...
 * 19) Sir Philip Magnus DAB (JE | ) English educationist; born in London Oct. 7, 1842; educated at University College in that city, and at the University of London...
 * 20) Magog (JE | ) -- See G292: Gog and Magog

61 – 80

 * 1) Magrephah (JE | ) -- See M1021: Music
 * 2) Magyar Izraelita (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 3) Magyar Zsid& (JE | ) Hungarian Jewish monthly review; established in 1884 by Josef Simon, secretary of the Jewish chancery, Wilhelm Bacher, and...
 * 4) Magyar Zsinagoga (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 5) Mah Nishtannah (JE | ) the opening words of the child&#39;s questions to the father in the Passover Haggadah; the whole of the domestic service of...
 * 6) Mahamad (JE | ) the board of directors of a Spanish-Portuguese congregation. The word is of Neo-Hebrew origin, and in the Talmud is applied...
 * 7) Mahanaim JE (JE | ) City on the east of the Jordan, near the River Jabbok; first mentioned as the place where Jacob, returning from Aram to southern...
 * 8) Maher-shalal-hash-baz (JE | ) Symbolic name of the son of Isaiah indicating the sudden attack on Damascus and Syria by the King of Assyria (Isa. viii. 3-4)...
 * 9) Arthur Mahler (JE | ) Austrian archeologist; born in Prague Aug. 1, 1871. After completing his studies at the gymnasium in Prague, he studied the...
 * 10) Eduard Mahler (JE | ) Austrian astronomer; born in Cziffer, Hungary, 1857. He was graduated from the Vienna public school in 1876, and then studied...
 * 11) Gustav Mahler (JE | ) Austrian composer; born at Kalischt, Bohemia, July 7, 1860; studied at the gymnasiums at Iglau and Prague, and entered the...
 * 12) Mahomet (JE | ) -- See M699: Mohammed
 * 13) Mahoza (JE | ) Babylonian city on the Tigris, three parasangs south of Ctesiphon. Near it was the citadel of Koke (, &#935;&#974;&#967;&#951...
 * 14) M& (JE | ) Town in Moravia, Austria. The congregation of M&#228;hrish-Ostrau is one of the youngest in Moravia, for Jews were not allowed...
 * 15) Mahzor (JE | ) Term applied to the compilation of prayers and piyyu&#7789;im; originally it designated the astronomical or yearly cycle....
 * 16) Johann Heinrich Mai (JE | ) German Protestant theologian; born in Pforzheim Feb., 1653; died in Giessen Sept., 1719. In 1689 he became professor in the...
 * 17) Joseph ben Michael Mai (JE | ) German printer; born at Dyhernfurth Dec. 29, 1764; died at Breslau Dec. 1, 1810. His father had a printing establishment at...
 * 18) Joseph Von Maier (JE | ) German rabbi; born in 1797; died at Stuttgart Aug. 19, 1873. He was president of the first rabbinical conference held at Brunswick...
 * 19) Maiming (JE | ) -- See M300: Mayhem
 * 20) Maimon (Maimun) ben Joseph (JE | ) Spanish exegete and moralist; born about 1110; father of Moses Maimonides. He studied under Joseph ibn Migash at Lucena, and...

81 – 100

 * 1) Moisei Leibovich Maimon (JE | ) Maimon attained also considerable success in caricature. In 1900 he published two albums, one containing ten portraits of...
 * 2) Solomon ben Joshua Maimon (JE | ) Philosophical writer; born at Nieszwicz, Lithuania, in 1754; died at Niedersiegersdorf, Silesia, Nov. 22, 1800. Endowed with...
 * 3) Maimonides, Maimuni (JE | ) -- See M905: Moses ben Maimon
 * 4) Maimonists (JE | ) -- See F288: France
 * 5) Maintenance (JE | ) -- See H986: Husband and Wife
 * 6) Mainz (JE | ) -- See M292: Mayence
 * 7) Karl Maison (JE | ) Bavarian merchant, manufacturer and deputy; born in Oberdorf, W&#252;rttemberg, Sept. 18, 1840; died in Munich Sept. 29, 1896...
 * 8) Julius Major (JE | ) Hungarian composer of music; born Dec. 13, 1859, at Kaschau on the Hernad, chief town of Aber Uj Var district, Hungary. He...
 * 9) Solomon ibn Major (JE | ) Turkish rabbi; flourished toward the end of the sixteenth century at Salonica, where he was head of the yeshibah. Many distinguished...
 * 10) Majorca (JE | ) See Balearic Islands.
 * 11) Majority (JE | ) More than half of a given number or group; the greater part: applied to opinions. In their endeavor to find a Biblical basis...
 * 12) Emil Makai (JE | ) Hungarian poet; born at Mako Nov. 17, 1871; died at Budapest Aug. 6, 1901; son of Rabbi A. E. Fischer. He was educated at...
 * 13) Makkedah (JE | ) City situated, according to the Priestly description of tribal boundaries and groups of cities contained in the Book of Joshua...
 * 14) Makkot (JE | ) Treatise of the Mishnah, Tosefta, and Gemara (Palestinian and Babylonian). It is fifth in the order of Nezikin ("Damages")...
 * 15) Mako JE (JE | ) Town in Hungary, in the county of Csanad. It has a total population of 33,722, of which 1,642 are Jews (1900). Jews began...
 * 16) Hermann Makower (JE | ) German jurist; born at Santomischel, Posen, March 8, 1830; died at Berlin April 1, 1898. His father, recognizing the inadequate...
 * 17) Makre Dardeke (JE | ) Name given in the Middle Ages to Hebrew glossaries primarily intended for the use of students of the Bible; its literal meaning...
 * 18) Samuel ben Phinehas ha-Kohen Makshan (JE | ) Bohemian Talmudist of the sixteenth century; born in Prague. He wrote: "Techillat Dibre Shemuel," commentary on the Targum...
 * 19) Makshirin (JE | ) Name of the eighth tractate, in the Mishnah and Tosefta, of the sixth Talmudic order Tohorot ("Purifications"). This...
 * 20) Malabar (JE | ) -- See C558: Cochin

101 – 120

 * 1) Hayyim Malach (JE | ) -- See H416: &#7716;ayyim Mal&#39;ak
 * 2) Book of Malachi >> Malachi JE (JE | ) the Book of Malachi is the last in the canon of the Old Testament Prophets. It has three chapters in the Masoretic text, while...
 * 3) Abraham Malachi (JE | ) -- See A511: Abraham Malaki
 * 4) Malachi b. Jacob ha-Kohen JE (JE | ) Prominent Talmudist and methodologist of the eighteenth century; the last of the great rabbinical authorities of Italy; died...
 * 5) Malaga (JE | ) Spanish Mediterranean seaport; capital of the province of Malaga; said to have been founded by the Phenicians. Malaga was...
 * 6) Me& JE (JE | ) Russian rabbi, preacher, and Hebraist; born at Volochisk, Volhynia, in 1809; died at Kiev Sept. 18, 1879. The name "Malbim"...
 * 7) Malcha (JE | ) Russian town, in the government of Grodno. A Jewish community existed in Malcha in 1583, when, in consequence of rumors current...
 * 8) Malchin (JE | ) -- See M319: Mecklenburg
 * 9) Malchus (Cleodemus the Prophet) (JE | ) Hellenistic writer of the second century B.C. His Semitic name, "Malchus," a very common one in Phenicia and Syria but not...
 * 10) Me& (Maleha; Melea) (JE | ) "Almoxarif mayor"; chief farmer of taxes of King Ferdinand III. (the Holy) of Castile, whose favor he gained through his honesty...
 * 11) Moses Bapujee Malekar (JE | ) Beni-Israel soldier; born at Bombay about 1830. He enlisted in the 12th Regiment Native Infantry April 12, 1851; was made...
 * 12) Malice (JE | ) -- See I161: Intention
 * 13) Joseph Malinovski (JE | ) -- See J503: Troki, Joseph b. Mordecai
 * 14) Malka ben Aha (JE | ) Gaon of Pumbedita from 771 to 773. The only fact known concerning him is that, with &#7716;aninai Kahana ben Huna (765-775)...
 * 15) Ezra ben Raphael Malki JE (JE | ) Rabbi of Rhodes in the seventeenth century; brother-in-law of Hezekiah de Silva, the author of "Peri &#7716;adash." Malki...
 * 16) Raphael Mordecai Malki (JE | ) Rabbinical scholar and physician of Palestine; lived at Safed about 1627. He was versed in astronomy and philosophy, and was...
 * 17) Malkut Schlagen (JE | ) -- See S1135: Stripes
 * 18) Henry Malter JE (JE | ) American rabbi and scholar; born at Zabno, Galicia, March 23, 1867; educated at the Zabno elementary school, and at the universities...
 * 19) Giacomo Malvano (JE | ) Italian diplomat; born at Turin Dec. 14, 1841. In 1862 he entered the diplomatic service, and by 1887 had become envoy extraordinary...
 * 20) Mamon (Mammon) (JE | ) Mishnaic Hebrew and Aramaic for "riches." the word itself is given in the Sermon on the Mount. "Ye can not serve God and mammon"...

121 – 140

 * 1) Mamran (JE | ) A check; an expression used by Polish Jews from the end of the sixteenth to the beginningof the nineteenth century. The word...
 * 2) Mamzer (JE | ) -- See B414: Bastard
 * 3) Son of Man (JE | ) Individual of the species man; synonym of "man." While "ben enosh" occurs only in Ps. cxliv. 3, the term "ben adam" is found...
 * 4) Manasseh (JE | ) the elder of two sons born before the famine to Joseph and Osnath, daughter of the priest of Heliopolis (Gen. xli. 50-51,...
 * 5) Prayer of Manasseh (JE | ) Greek poetic composition attributed to Manasseh, son of Hezekiah, King of Judah, "when he was holden captive in Babylon" (II...
 * 6) Manasseh ben Israel (JE | ) Dutch polyhistor; born at La Rochelle about 1604 (see Bethen-court in "Jew. Chron." May 20, 1904); died at Middleburg, Netherlands...
 * 7) Jacob Manasseh (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical writer and chief rabbi of Salonica, where he died in 1832. Among his works may be mentioned: "Ohel Ya&#39...
 * 8) Manasseh of Ilye (JE | ) Russian rabbinical writer and philosopher; born at Smorgony, government of Wilna, 1767; died at Ilye, in the same government...
 * 9) Manchester (JE | ) City in Lancashire, England, and one of the chief British manufacturing centers. It has a population of 543,969, of whom about...
 * 10) Mandaeans (JE | ) Eastern religious sect that professes and practises an admixture of Christian, Jewish, and heathen doctrines and customs....
 * 11) Paul Mandel (JE | ) Hungarian jurist and deputy; born at Nyirbator Jan. 6, 1839. He studied law in Budapest and Vienna, and in 1875 was elected...
 * 12) Solomon b. Simhah Dob Mandelkern JE (JE | ) Russian poet and author; born in Mlynov, Volhynia, 1846; died in Vienna March 24, 1902. He was educated as a Talmudist. After...
 * 13) David Mandelli (JE | ) Hungarian linguist; born about 1780 at Presburg; died at Paris Dec. 22, 1836. He was one of the greatest linguists of his...
 * 14) Benjamin Mandelstamm (JE | ) Russian Hebraist and author; born in Zhagory about the end of the eighteenth century; died in Simferopol May 8, 1886. He was...
 * 15) Leon Mandelstamm (JE | ) Russian Hebraist, poet, and educator; born in Zhagory, government of Kovno, in 1809; died in St. Petersburg Sept. 12, 1889...
 * 16) Max Mandelstamm (JE | ) Russian physician and Zionist; born in Zhagory, government of Kovno, in 1838. His father, Ezekiel Mandelstamm, younger brother...
 * 17) Christof Mandl (JE | ) Hungarian author; converted to Christianity in 1534. His godfather was George, Margrave of Brandenburg, to whom Mandl dedicated...
 * 18) Ludwig Lazar Mandl (JE | ) Hungarian anatomist and pathologist; born at Budapest Dec., 1812; died in Paris July 5, 1881; educated at Vienna and Budapest...
 * 19) Moritz Mandl (JE | ) Austrian dramatist and journalist; born in Presburg May 13, 1840. He went to Vienna and there joined the editorial staff of...
 * 20) Mane (JE | ) -- See W81: Weights and Measures

141 – 160

 * 1) Manessier de Vesoul (JE | ) French communal leader; originally from Vesoul and probably of the family of H&#233;liot of Vesoul, whose ledger has been...
 * 2) Manetho (JE | ) Greco-Egyptian writer whose history of Egypt, forming a source of Josephus, especially in his book "Contra Apionem" (i. 14...
 * 3) Giannozzo Manetti (JE | ) Italian statesman and Christian Hebraist; born in Florence 1396; died at Naples Oct. 26, 1459. At the suggestion of Pope Nicholas...
 * 4) Elijah Mani (JE | ) Turkish rabbi; died in Hebron, Palestine, in the summer of 1899. He was a native of Bagdad, where he was held in great esteem...
 * 5) Manissa (JE | ) Town in the Turkish vilayet of Aidin, twenty-eight miles northeast of Smyrna. It has a population of 40,000, of whom 1,800...
 * 6) Louis Mann (JE | ) American actor; born in New York city 1865; son of Daniel and Caroline Mann. He began his career as an actor when but six...
 * 7) Manna (JE | ) the miraculously supplied food on which the Israelites subsisted in the wilderness. Its name is said to have originated in...
 * 8) Mordecai Zebi Manne (JE | ) Russian Hebrew poet and painter; born at Rodzkowitz, government of Wilna, 1859; died there in 1886. He received the Talmudic...
 * 9) Mannheim (JE | ) Town in the grand duchy of Baden, Germany. It has a population of 141, 131, including 5,478 Jews (1900). Jews are not known...
 * 10) Gustav Mannheimer (JE | ) Hungarian painter; born at Budapest Feb. 27, 1854. He studied at the schools of drawing in Budapest, Munich, Vienna, and Rome...
 * 11) Isaac Noah Mannheimer JE (JE | ) Jewish preacher; born at Copenhagen Oct. 17, 1793; died at Vienna March 17, 1865. The son of a Chazzan, he began the...
 * 12) Louise Mannheimer (Herschman) (JE | ) Writer and poetess; born at Prague Sept. 3, 1845. In 1866 she went with her parents to New York, where she became the wife...
 * 13) Sigmund Mannheimer (JE | ) American educator; born at Kemel, Hesse-Nassau, May 16, 1835. Educated at the teachers&#39; seminary at Ems, Nassau, he became...
 * 14) Manoah b. Jacob (JE | ) French Talmudist; lived at Lunel in the second half of the thirteenth century. He is sometimes quoted under the abbreviation...
 * 15) Manoah of Lunel (JE | ) -- See M154: Manoah b. Jacob
 * 16) Manoah b. Shemariah Handel (JE | ) Polish author; born at Brzeszticzka, Volhynia; died in 1612. He was the author of the following works: "&#7716;okmat Manoa&#7717...
 * 17) Manresa JE (JE | ) Town in Spain, in the province of Barcelona. In the twelfth century it is said to have contained 500 Jewish families, most...
 * 18) Mansion House and Guildhall Meetings (JE | ) Meetings held at the summons of the lord mayor of London by citizens of the English metropolis to protest against the persecution...
 * 19) Manshur Marzuk (JE | ) Egyptian rabbi and author; settled at Salonica toward the close of the eighteenth century. He was the author of several works:...
 * 20) Jacob ben Samuel Mantino JE (JE | ) Italian physician; died at Damascus in 1549. His parents&#8212;and perhaps Mantino himself&#8212;were natives of Tortosa,...

161 – 180

 * 1) Mantle of the Law (JE | ) the cover of the scroll of the Pentateuch. The Hebrew name "mappah" is derived from the Greek &#956;&#940;&#960;&#960;&#945...
 * 2) Mantua (JE | ) Fortified Italian city, on the Mincio; capital of the duchy of Mantua. It has a population of 29,160, including 1,100 Jews...
 * 3) Eug& (JE | ) French educator and poet; born at Paris July 13, 1823; died there June 1, 1901. A grandson on his mother&#39;s side of the...
 * 4) Manuscripts (JE | ) the first materials used for writing were such substances as stone, wood, and metal, upon which the characters were engraved...
 * 5) Ma& JE (JE | ) Commencement of the hymn originally sung only in the domestic circle, but now used also in the synagogue, after the kindling...
 * 6) Abraham Mapu (JE | ) Russian Hebrew novelist; born near Kovno Jan. 10, 1808; died at K&#246;nigsberg Oct. 9, 1867. Mapu introduced the novel into...
 * 7) Mar (JE | ) Aramaic noun meaning "lord." Daniel addresses the king as "Mari" (= "my lord"; Dan. iv. 16 [A. V. 19]; comp. Hebr. "Adoni...
 * 8) Marah (JE | ) the name of a station or halting-place of the Israelites in the wilderness (Ex. xv. 23; Num. xxxiii. 8), so called in reference...
 * 9) Marano (JE | ) Crypto-Jews of the Iberian Peninsula. The term, which is frequently derived from the New Testament phrase "maran atha" ("our...
 * 10) Marbe Haskalah (JE | ) -- See S877: Society for the Promotion of Culture Among the Jews of Russia
 * 11) Marble (JE | ) A stone composed mainly of calcium carbonate or of calcium and magnesium carbonates. It is mentioned in the Old Testament...
 * 12) Marburg (JE | ) Town in the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau. Jews are first mentioned as living in Marburg in a document dated May 13, 1317...
 * 13) Charles Chretien Henri Marc (JE | ) French physician; born in Amsterdam Nov. 4, 1771, died in Paris Jan. 12, 1841. He took the degree of M.D. at Erlangen in 1792...
 * 14) Joseph Marc-Moss&#233; (JE | ) French poet and author; born in Carpentras about 1780; died in Paris Feb. 21, 1825. His name appears to have been originally...
 * 15) Benedetto Marcello (JE | ) Italian musician; born at Venice 1686; died there 1739. He is particularly celebrated for his settings to the Psalms, fifty...
 * 16) Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (JE | ) -- See A1617: Antoninus
 * 17) Brentgen Marcus (JE | ) First Jewish court singer in Germany; flourished toward the end of the seventeenth century. She lived with her father, Isaac...
 * 18) Lewi (Lewin) Marcus (JE | ) German lawyer; born Oct. 15, 1809, at Rhena, Mecklenburg; died Oct. 7, 1881, at Manchester, England. On account of his indefatigable...
 * 19) Louis Marcus (JE | ) -- See M209: Markus, Ludwig
 * 20) Adolf Marcuse (JE | ) German astronomer; born Nov. 17, 1860, in Magdeburg; educated at the universities of Strasburg and Berlin (Ph.D. 1884). Before...

181 – 200

 * 1) Heinrich Marczali (JE | ) Hungarian historian; born at Marczali April 3, 1856; educated at Raab, Papa, Budapest, Berlin, and Paris. In 1878 he became...
 * 2) Max Maretzek (JE | ) Austrian impresario; born at Br&#252;nn, Moravia, June 28, 1821; died at Pleasant Plains, New York, May 14, 1897. He was a...
 * 3) Margaliot, Margalioth (JE | ) -- See M186: Margolioth
 * 4) Aaron Margalita (JE | ) Polish convert to Christianity; born 1663 at Zolkiev. He was a learned rabbi, and traveled as a maggid in Poland and Germany...
 * 5) Antonius Margarita JE (JE | ) Convert to Christianity in the first half of the sixteenth century; born about 1500 at Ratisbon (Regensburg), where his father...
 * 6) Margolioth >> Ephraim Zalman Margolis JE, Hayyim Mordecai Margolioth JE (JE | ) Polish family of Talmudic scholars that traces its descent from Rashi, on the one side, and from the families of Shor and...
 * 7) Isaac ben Eliah Margolis (JE | ) Russo-Polish rabbi and author; born in Kalvariya, government of Suwalki, Russian Poland, 1842; died in New York Aug. 1, 1887...
 * 8) Max Leopold Margolis JE (JE | ) American philologist; born at Meretz, government of Wilna, Russia, Oct. 15, 1866; son of Isaac Margolis; educated at the elementary...
 * 9) Margoliut, Margulies, Margulioth (JE | ) -- See M186: Margolioth
 * 10) Moses Margoliuth (JE | ) Convert to Christianity; born in Suwalki, Poland, Dec. 3, 1820; died in London Feb. 25, 1881. He went to Liverpool, England...
 * 11) Samuel Hirsch Margulies (JE | ) Rabbi; born at Brzezan, Galicia, Oct. 9, 1858; a descendant of Rabbi Ephraim Zalman Margolioth; educated at the theological...
 * 12) Marhab ibn al-Harith (JE | ) Jewish Arabian warrior and poet; killed during Mohammed&#39;sinvasion of Khaibar about 628. Marchab, who was of Himyarite...
 * 13) Marheshwan (JE | ) -- See H675: &#7716;eshwan
 * 14) Mari ben Dimi (JE | ) Second gaon of Pumbedita. When the Jewish scholars were compelled to leave the Babylonian academies, Mari, with others, went...
 * 15) Maria Theresa (JE | ) See Austria.
 * 16) Mariamne >> Mariamne (second wife of Herod) JE (JE | ) Wife of Herod the Great; the first of this name. She was the daughter of the Hasmonean Alexander, a son of Aristobulus II...
 * 17) Mariampol (JE | ) Town situated in the government of Suwalki, Russian Poland. The Jewish community there, like the town itself, is of comparatively...
 * 18) Solomon Marik (JE | ) Spanish surgeon, of whose life no details are known. He wrote in Spanish in Hebrew script a work entitled "Libro de la Cirogia...
 * 19) Solomon b. Isaac Marini (JE | ) Italian rabbi of the seventeenth century; died in 1670. He was the only rabbi at Padua who survived the plague of 1631, which...
 * 20) Adolph Marix JE (JE | ) American naval commander; born Apr. 24, 1848, in Saxony. He went to America while still a boy, and in 1864 entered the United...

201 – 220

 * 1) Mark (JE | ) -- See S416: Seal
 * 2) Mark (JE | ) -- See N245: New Testament
 * 3) Isaac Markens JE (JE | ) American writer; born in New York city Oct. 9, 1846; son of Elias Markens, a linguist and Orientalist. Isaac Markens was educated...
 * 4) B S Marks (JE | ) English artist; born in 1827 at Cardiff, where he received his art education and followed the profession of portrait-painter...
 * 5) David Woolf Marks (JE | ) the "father" of Anglo-Jewish Reform; born in London Nov. 22, 1811; educated at the Jews&#39; Free School, London. He acted...
 * 6) Henry Hananel Marks (JE | ) English journalist and politician; born April 5, 1855, in London; fifth son of the Rev. Prof. D. W. Marks; educated at University...
 * 7) Marcus M. Marks (JE | ) American merchant; born at Schenectady, N. Y., March 18, 1858. In 1877 he started a business at Passaic, N. J., and later...
 * 8) Samuel Marks (JE | ) South-African pioneer; born in Sheffield about 1850. He went to Cape Colony about 1868 and commenced trading in the country...
 * 9) Ludwig Markus (JE | ) German Orientalist; born in Dessau Oct. 31, 1798; died in Paris July 15, 1843. He attended the Franzschule and the ducal gymnasium...
 * 10) Samuel Raphael ben Matzliah Marli (JE | ) Italian Talmudist and liturgist of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. According to S. D. Luzzatto, the name "Marli"...
 * 11) Alexander Marmorek (JE | ) Austrian physician; born at Mielnica, Galicia, Feb. 19, 1865; educated at a gymnasium and at the University of Vienna (M.D...
 * 12) Oskar Marmorek (JE | ) Austrian architect; brother of Alexander Marmorek; born at Skirta, Galicia, April 9, 1863. He studied at the polytechnic high...
 * 13) Marriage (JE | ) the earliest Hebrew literature represents a comparatively high development of social and domestic life. Of primitive conditions...
 * 14) Marriage-broker (JE | ) See Shadkan.
 * 15) Marriage Ceremonies (JE | ) Association of the sexes was much restricted among the Jews, and the Betrothal was generally brought about by a third person...
 * 16) Marriage Laws (JE | ) the first positive commandment of the Bible, according to rabbinic interpretation (Maimonides, "Minyan ha-Mizwot," 212)...
 * 17) Marriage Settlement (JE | ) -- See K187: Ketubah
 * 18) Married Woman (JE | ) -- See W265: Woman
 * 19) Marseilles (JE | ) Seaport of southern France with about 5,000 Jews in a population (1896) of 420,300. It had a Jewish colony as early as the...
 * 20) Louis Marshall (JE | ) American lawyer and communal worker; born at Syracuse, N. Y., Dec. 14, 1856; educated at the Syracuse high school and at the...

221 – 240

 * 1) Raymund Martin JE (JE | ) Spanish Christian theologian; born in the first half of the thirteenth century at Subirats in Catalonia; died after 1284....
 * 2) Adam Martinet (JE | ) German Catholic Orientalist; born in H&#246;chst&#228;dt, near Bamberg, in Jan., 1800; date of death uncertain. Martinet,...
 * 3) Ferrand Martinez (JE | ) Archdeacon of Ecija in the fourteenth century, and one of the most inveterate enemies of the Jewish people; lived at Seville...
 * 4) Martini Geese (JE | ) -- See B300: Barnacle-Goose
 * 5) Martinique (JE | ) Island in the West Indies, now constituting a French colony. In the beginning of the seventeenth century a number of Dutch...
 * 6) Restriction of Martyrdom (JE | ) True to the principle current in rabbinical literature&#8212;"live through them [the laws], but do not die through them" (Yoma...
 * 7) Martyrology (JE | ) Biography of martyrs. Early in its existence the Christian Church began to register the judicial proceedings against its martyrs...
 * 8) The Ten Martyrs (JE | ) Among the numerous victims of the persecutions of Hadrian, tradition names ten great teachers who suffered martyrdom for having...
 * 9) Adolf Bernhard Marx (JE | ) German musical writer; born at Halle May 15, 1799; died at Berlin May 17, 1866. He had studied music for some time with D...
 * 10) Berthe Marx (JE | ) French pianist; born at Paris July 28, 1859. She began to study the pianoforte at the age of four, receiving her first instruction...
 * 11) David Marx (JE | ) Chief rabbi of Bordeaux, France; born at Landau, Bavaria, in 1807; died Feb., 1864. On his graduation from the Ecole Centrale...
 * 12) Jacob Marx (JE | ) German physician; born in Bonn 1743; died in Hanover Jan. 24, 1789; studied medicine in Halle (M. D. 1765). He traveled for...
 * 13) Karl Marx (JE | ) German socialistic leader and political economist; born at Treves May 5, 1818; died in London March 14, 1883. His father,...
 * 14) Roger Marx (JE | ) French art critic; born in Nancy Aug 28, 1859. In 1878 he went to Paris, where he wrote for various theater and art journals...
 * 15) Samuel Marx (rabbi) (JE | ) Chief rabbi of Bayonne, France; born in 1817 at D&#252;rkheim, Bavaria; died in 1887; cousin of David Marx. On completing...
 * 16) Maryland (JE | ) One of the thirteen original States of the American Union. The history of the Jews in Maryland may be divided into three periods:...
 * 17) M&#228;rzroth (JE | ) Austrian author; born in Vienna March 21, 1818; died at Salzburg in 1888. After leaving the University of Vienna in 1844 he...
 * 18) Masada (JE | ) Strong mountain fortress in Palestine, not far west of the Dead Sea. The fortress was built by the high priest Jonathan (a...
 * 19) Masarjawaih JE (JE | ) One of the oldest Arabic Jewish physicians, and the oldest translator from the Syriac; lived in Bassora about 883. His name...
 * 20) Mashal (JE | ) -- See P63: Parable

241 – 260

 * 1) Hasun ben Mashiah JE (JE | ) Karaite scholar; flourished in Egypt (or Babylonia) in the first half of the tenth century. According to Steinschneider, "&#7716...
 * 2) Maskil (JE | ) A title of honor used principally in Italy. The word "maskil," with the meaning of "scholar" or "enlightened man," was used...
 * 3) Abraham b. Judah L& JE (JE | ) Russian rabbi and author; born 1788; died at Minsk 1848. He was a descendant of R. Israel Jaffe of Shklov, author of "Or Yisrael...
 * 4) Naphtali Maskileison (JE | ) Russian Hebrew author and book-dealer; born at Radashkovichi, near Minsk, Feb. 20, 1829; died at Minsk Nov. 19, 1897. His...
 * 5) Zebi Hirsch b. Hayyim Masliansky (JE | ) Russian preacher; born in Slutsk, government of Minsk, June 6, 1856. He received a thorough rabbinical education, spending...
 * 6) Masorah (JE | ) the system of critical notes on the external form of the Biblical text. This system of notes represents the literary labors...
 * 7) Massachusetts (JE | ) A northeastern state in the American Union. The earliest record of a Jew in Massachusetts bears the date of May 3, 1649, and...
 * 8) Massarani (Massaran) (JE | ) Name of an Italian family which has been known since the latter part of the fifteenth century. Originally the name of the...
 * 9) Tullo Massarani (JE | ) Italian senator, author, and painter; born at Mantua in 1826. He studied law at Pavia and took an active part in the Italian...
 * 10) Masseket (JE | ) Any collection of rabbinic texts affecting any more or less complex subject. Literally the term means "a web" (from = "to...
 * 11) Joseph Massel (JE | ) Russian Jewish Hebraist; born at Ujasin, government of Wilna, 1850. He emigrated to England in the nineties and settled at...
 * 12) Master and Servant (JE | ) the Pentateuch lays down the rule, in favor of the workman, that "the wages of him that is hired shall not abide with thee...
 * 13) Moses ben Abraham Mat (JE | ) Galician rabbi; born at Przemysl about 1550; died at Opatow 1606. After having studied Talmud and rabbinics under his uncle...
 * 14) Matah Mehasya (Mahseya) (JE | ) Town in southern Babylonia, near Sura (see Schechter,"Saadyana," p. 63, note 1). Sherira Gaon regarded the two places as identical...
 * 15) Jacob ben Solomon Matalon (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical scholar; lived at Salonica in the sixteenth century. According to de Rossi ("Dizionario," i. 135) the name...
 * 16) Mordecai Matalon (JE | ) Rabbi of Salonica in the sixteenth century; uncle of Jacob b. Solomon Matalon. Besides being a prominent Talmudist, Matalon...
 * 17) Matatron (JE | ) -- See M517: Me&#7789;a&#7789;ron
 * 18) Mater Synagogue (JE | ) -- See P103: Pater Synagogue
 * 19) Mathematics (JE | ) the science that treats of the measurement of quantities and the ascertainment of their properties and relations. The necessity...
 * 20) Mathias of Cracow (JE | ) See Calahora.

261 – 280

 * 1) Matriarchy (JE | ) A system of society in which descent and property are traced solely through females. It has been suggested that the prominence...
 * 2) Mattaniah (JE | ) -- See Z73: Zedekiah
 * 3) Mattathias Maccabeus (JE | ) the originator of the Maccabean rebellion. His genealogy is given as follows in the First Book of Maccabees, the most authentic...
 * 4) Mattathias b. Simon (JE | ) Son of the Hasmonean prince Simon, whom he accompanied on his last journey, together with his brother Judah and his mother...
 * 5) Joab ben Jeremiah Mattersdorf (JE | ) Hungarian rabbi; died about 1807. Through the influence of Aaron Chorin, a disciple of his father, he became rabbi of Deutschkreuz...
 * 6) Adam Rudolf Georg Matth&#228;i (Simeon) (JE | ) German convert to Christianity; born at F&#252;rth 1715; died at Nuremberg 1779. After having studied Talmud at Prague under...
 * 7) Matthew (JE | ) -- See N245: New Testament
 * 8) Matthias ben Margalot (JE | ) Associated with Judah ben Zippori in the instigation of an uprising against Herod the Great (Josephus, "Ant." xvii. 6, &#167...
 * 9) Matthias ben Theophilus (JE | ) Name of two high priests. 1. The successor of Simon ben Boethus, and, unlike the other high priests appointed by Herod, who...
 * 10) Mattithiah b. Heresh JE (JE | ) Roman tanna of the second century; born in Judea; probably a pupil of R. Ishmael, and certainly a contemporary and friend of his pupils R. Josiah and R. Jonathan...
 * 11) Mattithiah b. Isaac of Chinon (JE | ) French scholar of the end of the thirteenth century. He was a pupil of R. Perez of Corbeil and a contemporary of Mordecai...
 * 12) Mattithiah b. Joseph the Proven& (JE | ) Chief rabbi of Paris and of France from 1360 to 1385; son of Joseph b. Johanan of Treves, rabbi of Marseilles; pupil of Perez...
 * 13) Mattithiah Kartin (JE | ) Scholar of the fourteenth century. He translated into Hebrew verse the "Moreh Nebukim" of Maimonides in 1363 (comp. Wolf,...
 * 14) Mattithiah ben Moses ben Mattithiah (JE | ) Spanish Talmudist; lived toward the end of the fourteenth century and at the beginning of the fifteenth. He was a member of...
 * 15) Mattithiah of Paris (JE | ) Head of the Talmudic school of Paris in the eleventh century and doubtless identical with Mattithiah b. Moses, one of Rashi&#39...
 * 16) Maturity (JE | ) -- See M91: Majority
 * 17) Ascher Matzel (JE | ) Hungarian soldier and philanthropist; born 1763 at Stampfen, Hungary; died Nov. 22, 1842. At the age of seventeen he entered...
 * 18) Charles Maurice (JE | ) Theatrical director; born at Agen, France, May 29, 1805; died in Hamburg Jan. 27, 1896. Maurice, who was of French descent...
 * 19) Isacco Pesaro Maurogonato (JE | ) Italian legislator; born in Venice Nov. 26, 1817; died in Rome April 5, 1892. He was a member of a prominent family of Ferrara...
 * 20) Leopold Mauschberger (JE | ) Biblical scholar of the eighteenth century. He was the author of commentaries on the Pentateuch and the Earlier Prophets (Olm&#252...

281 – 300

 * 1) Fritz Mauthner (JE | ) Austrian poet, novelist, and satirist; born in Horitz, Bohemia, Nov. 22, 1849. He attended the Piarist gymnasium in Prague...
 * 2) Julius Mauthner (JE | ) Austrian chemist; born in Vienna Sept. 26, 1852; educated at Vienna University (M.D. 1879), where he became privatdocent in...
 * 3) Ludwig Mauthner (JE | ) Austrian ophthalmologist; born in Prague April 13, 1840; died in Vienna Oct. 20, 1894; educated at the University of Vienna...
 * 4) Eduard Mautner (JE | ) German author and journalist; born at Budapest Nov. 13, 1824; died in Baden, near Vienna, July 2, 1889. His father, who was...
 * 5) Maxims (Legal) (JE | ) Short sayings in which principles of law of wide application are laid down. They are known to all systems of jurisprudence:...
 * 6) Isaac May (JE | ) Rabbi of Lublin, Poland, in the latter half of the sixteenth century. Gaining the favor of Count Jenchinsky, the starost of...
 * 7) Lewis May (JE | ) American merchant and banker; born in Worms Sept. 23, 1823; died at Dobbs Ferry, N. Y., July 22, 1897. He went to the United...
 * 8) Mitchell May (JE | ) Member of the American House of Representatives; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., July 10, 1871; educated at the Brooklyn Polytechnic...
 * 9) May Laws (JE | ) Temporary regulations concerning the Jews of Russia, proposed by Count Ignatiev, and sanctioned by the czar May 3 (15), 1882...
 * 10) May Marriage (JE | ) -- See O62: Omer
 * 11) Siegmund Maybaum (JE | ) Rabbi in Berlin; born at Miskolcz, Hungary, April 29, 1844. He received his education at the yeshibot of Eisenstadt and Presburg...
 * 12) Mayence (JE | ) German city in the grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt; on the left bank of the Rhine; the seat of an archbishop, who was formerly...
 * 13) Abraham Mayer JE (JE | ) Belgian physician; born at D&#252;sseldorf July 10, 1816; died at Antwerp March 1, 1899. After studying medicine at Bonn (M...
 * 14) Constant Mayer (JE | ) French painter; born at Besan&#231;on Oct. 4. 1832. He became a pupil at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts and of L&#233;on Cogniet...
 * 15) Elkan Mayer (JE | ) German army physician; born in Frankfort-on-the-Main (where his father was a physician), and took his degree at a German university...
 * 16) Henry Mayer (JE | ) American caricaturist; born at Worms July 18, 1868. Mayer is the son of a Jewish merchant of London, but was educated at Worms...
 * 17) Moritz Mayer (JE | ) German rabbi; born at D&#252;rckheim-on-the-Hardt, Germany, Dec. 16, 1821; died at New York Aug. 28, 1867. He studied law...
 * 18) Samuel Mayer (JE | ) German rabbi and lawyer; born at Hechingen Jan. 3, 1807; died there Aug. 1, 1875. He studied at the Talmud Torah in his native...
 * 19) Sigmund Mayer (JE | ) Austrian physician; born at Bechtheim, Rhein-Hessen, Dec. 27, 1842. He studied at the universities of Heidelberg, Giessen...
 * 20) Mayhem (JE | ) in English law, the offense of depriving a person of any limb, member, or organ by violence. The bearings of such an act in...

301 – 320

 * 1) Raphael Isaac ben Aaron Mayo (JE | ) Talmudical scholar of Smyrna; died in 1810. He was the author of the following works: "Sefer Shorashe ha-Yam," commentary...
 * 2) Mazliah ben Elijah ibn Albazak (JE | ) Italian Talmudist of the eleventh century. The surname, ibn al-Bazak, the meaning of which is unknown, shows that...
 * 3) Judah b. Abraham Padova Mazliah (JE | ) Italian Talmudist, cabalist, and poet; rabbi of Modena, where he died Aug. 10, 1728. He was the author of two works: "Toka&#7717...
 * 4) Mazovra (Massuria) (JE | ) -- See P401: Poland
 * 5) Matzah (JE | ) Bread that is free from leaven or other foreign elements. It is kneaded with water and without yeast or any other chemical...
 * 6) Matzebah (JE | ) -- See S1111: Stone and Stone-Worship
 * 7) Alexander Mccaul (JE | ) English Christian missionary and author; born at Dublin May 16, 1799; died at London Nov. 13, 1863. He was educated at Trinity...
 * 8) Meah (JE | ) -- See H176: Hammeah, Tower of
 * 9) Meal-offering (JE | ) Comprehensive term for all sacrifices from the vegetable world; to designate these in the Old Testament the Hebrew word "min&#7717...
 * 10) Me& JE (JE | ) Palestinian tanna, to whom one reference occurs in the Mishnah (Peah ii. 6), from which it appears that he lived in the time...
 * 11) Me& JE (JE | ) Name designating the group of Hebrew writers who between 1784 and 1811 published their works in the periodical "Ha-Me&#39...
 * 12) Measures (JE | ) -- See W81: Weights and Measures
 * 13) Meat-tax (JE | ) in Austria, as everywhere else, the Jewish communities imposed a tax on meat, the revenue from which was used for communal...
 * 14) Ha-Me& (JE | ) Family of translators which flourished at Rome in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Nathan b. Eliezer ha-Me&#39;ati:...
 * 15) Meborak ha-Nagid (JE | ) -- See E67: Egypt
 * 16) Mechanic (JE | ) -- See A1833: Artisans
 * 17) Mechnikov (JE | ) See Novachovich, L.
 * 18) Mecia (Matthew) de Viladestes (JE | ) Jewish chartographer of Majorca at the beginning of the fifteenth century. He was the author of a map, dated 1413, formerly...
 * 19) Mecklenburg (JE | ) Territory in North Germany; bounded on the north by the Baltic Sea. Formerly it constituted one duchy, but since 1701 it has...
 * 20) Medals (JE | ) Soon after the revival of the art of engraving medals, about the middle of the fifteenth century, a few Jewish specimens were...

321 – 340

 * 1) Medeba (JE | ) A town east of the Dead Sea and a few miles south of Heshbon. It was wrested from the Moabites by Sihon, King of the Amorites...
 * 2) Medes (JE | ) -- See M323: Media
 * 3) Media (JE | ) Ancient name of a country which is located south and west of the Caspian Sea, and is associated with events in Jewish history...
 * 4) Mediator (JE | ) in the Apocryphal and Hellenistic literature the idea of mediatorship is more pronounced. Jeremiah is frequently mentioned...
 * 5) Medicine (JE | ) the ancient Hebrew regarded health and disease as emanating from the same divine source. "I kill, and I make alive; I wound...
 * 6) Medina (JE | ) Second sacred city of Islam; situated in the Hijaz in Arabia, about 250 miles north of Mecca. It is celebrated as the place...
 * 7) Medina DAB >> Samuel de Medina JE (JE | ) Prominent Jewish family, members of which lived during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries chiefly in Turkey and Egypt...
 * 8) Sir Solomon de Medina JE (JE | ) English army contractor about 1711. He was a wealthy Jew who went to England with William III., and who attained some notoriety...
 * 9) Hayyim Hezekiah Medini JE (JE | ) Palestinian rabbinical writer; born at Jerusalem 1833; son of Rabbi Raphael Eliahu Medini. At the age of nineteen, on completing...
 * 10) Meged Yerahim (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 11) Megiddo (JE | ) Capital of one of the Canaanitish kings conquered by Joshua; assigned to Manasseh (Josh. xii. 21, xvii. 11; I Chron. vii....
 * 12) Megillah (JE | ) Name of a treatise in the Mishnah and in the Tosefta, as well as in the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmuds. It is the tenth...
 * 13) Megillah of Cairo (JE | ) -- See E67: Egypt
 * 14) Megillat Anteyokos (JE | ) -- See A1596: Antiochus, Scroll of
 * 15) Megillat Setarim (JE | ) Name of a roll supposed to have been found in the bet ha-midrash of R. &#7716;iyya, and which contained halakot recorded by...
 * 16) Megillat Ta& JE (JE | ) A chronicle which enumerates thirty-five eventful days on which the Jewish nation either performed glorious deeds or witnessed...
 * 17) Megillat Yuhasin (JE | ) A lost work to which several references are made in the Talmud and Mishnah. In Yeb. 49b ben &#39;Azzai, in support of a point...
 * 18) The Five Megillot (JE | ) the "five rolls" &#8212;Song of Solomon, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, and Esther. At the time of the formation of the...
 * 19) Eliakim Mehlsack (JE | ) -- See S119: Samiler
 * 20) Moritz Hermann Eduard Meier (JE | ) German philologist; born at Glogau, Silesia, Jan. 1, 1796; died at Halle Dec. 5, 1855. He was educated at the Graue Kloster...

341 – 360

 * 1) Me& (JE | ) Treatise of Seder Kodashim in the Mishnah, Tosefta, and the Babylonian Talmud. In the Mishnaic order this treatise is...
 * 2) Moses S& (JE | ) German scholar and editor; lived at Offenbach at the beginning of the eighteenth century. He published in 1715, under his...
 * 3) Me& (JE | ) Tanna of the second century (fourth generation); born in Asia Minor. The origin of this remarkable scholar, one of the most...
 * 4) Me&#239;r (Maestro Bendig) of Arles (JE | ) -- See B678: Bendig, Me&#239;r
 * 5) Me& (JE | ) Rabbi at Vienna from 1360 to 1390; a native of Fulda (Isserlein, "Terumat ha-Deshen," No. 81). His authority was acknowledged...
 * 6) Me& (Calvo) (JE | ) Biblical commentator; the country and year of his birth are unknown. As he quotes Levi b. Gershon it may be assumed that he...
 * 7) Me& (JE | ) French Talmudist of the first half of the thirteenth century. He is mentioned in an extract from "Pa&#39;neach Raza"...
 * 8) Me& (JE | ) Grammarian of the last third of the thirteenth century. He wrote, under the title "Hassagat ha-Hassagah," a criticism of Ibn...
 * 9) Me& (JE | ) French liturgical poet of the first half of the thirteenth century. He wrote: (1) a series of poems to be recited on the seventh...
 * 10) Me& (JE | ) German liturgist; probably lived at Posen toward the end of the seventeenthcentury; author of "Me&#239;r Elohim" (n.p., n...
 * 11) Me& (JE | ) English poet; flourished about 1260 at Norwich. One long elegiac poem and fifteen smaller ones by him are found in a Vatican...
 * 12) Me&#239;r (Moses Me&#239;r) b. Ephraim of Padua (JE | ) Scribe and printer at Mantua; died in Nov., 1583. After practising various professions he settled in Mantua as a scribe. He...
 * 13) Me& (JE | ) -- See L603: Lublin, Me&#239;r b. Gedaliah
 * 14) Me& (JE | ) French liturgical poet and, possibly, Biblical commentator of the end of the eleventh century. Me&#239;r and his son Eleazar...
 * 15) Me& (JE | ) French scholar of the twelfth century; a member of the family of Menahem Me&#239;ri of Perpignan. He was a native of Carcassonne...
 * 16) Me& (JE | ) Italian (?) Talmudist and grammarian of the sixteenth century. His family name seems to have been "Me&#239;ri"; for he is...
 * 17) Me& (JE | ) French scholar; flourished at Narbonne in the twelfth century; brother of the nasi R. Moses ben Joseph ben Merwan, and pupil...
 * 18) Me& (Me&) (JE | ) Moravian Talmudist; born at Ungarisch-Brod in 1593. He is known for his "Megillat R. Me&#239;r" (Cracow, 1632), in which he...
 * 19) Me& (JE | ) French scholar of the thirteenth century; born at Narbonne; died at Toledo, Spain, whither he had emigrated in 1263 (Israeli...
 * 20) Me& (JE | ) Austrian Talmudist and Biblical commentator of the beginning of the eighteenth century; a native of Zolkiev. Under the title...

361 – 380

 * 1) Me& (JE | ) See Margolioth, Me&#239;r b. Zebi Hirsch.
 * 2) Me& (Me&) (JE | ) German tosafist, codifier, and liturgical poet; born at Worms about 1215; died in the fortress of Ensisheim, Alsace, May 2...
 * 3) Me& (Ram) JE (JE | ) French tosafist; born about 1060 in Ramerupt; died after 1135. His father was an eminent scholar. Me&#239;r received his education...
 * 4) Me& (JE | ) Hebrew author of the seventeenth century. In the disastrous years of 1648-49 he lived at Sczebrszyn, Russian Poland, an honored...
 * 5) Me& (JE | ) Talmudist and controversialist; lived at Narbonne in the second half of the thirteenth century. He was a disciple of Nathan...
 * 6) Me& (JE | ) Grammarian of the end of the thirteenth century. He wrote a short but interesting grammatical work, which is extant only in...
 * 7) Me& (JE | ) -- See A698: Abulafia
 * 8) Menahem ben Solomon Me& (JE | ) Proven&#231;al Talmudist and commentator; born at Perpignan in 1249; died there in 1306; his Proven&#231;al name was Don Vidal...
 * 9) Joshua Meisach (JE | ) Russian Hebrew author; born at Sadi, government of Kovno, 1848. Meisach has written and edited over one hundred works in Yiddish...
 * 10) Meisel DAB >> Mordecai Meisel JE (JE | ) Bohemian family which became famous chiefly through Mordecai Marcus b. Samuel Meisel, "primate" of Prague. The family seems...
 * 11) Meisel Synagogue (JE | ) Prague.
 * 12) Dob Berush b. Isaac Meisels JE (JE | ) Polish rabbi and statesman; born in Szezekoeiny about 1800; died in Warsaw March 17, 1870. He was a scion of one of the oldest...
 * 13) Nahum Meisels (JE | ) -- See C848: Cracow
 * 14) Meissen (JE | ) -- See S292: Saxony
 * 15) Mekilta JE (JE | ) the halakic midrash to Exodus. The name "Mekilta," which corresponds to the Hebrew "middah" (= "measure," "rule"), was given...
 * 16) Mekilta de-Rabbi Shim& JE (JE | ) Halakic midrash on Exodus from the school of R. Akiba. No midrash of this name is mentioned in Talmudic literature; but medieval...
 * 17) Mekilta le-Sefer Debarim JE (JE | ) A halakic midrash to Deuteronomy from the school of Rabbi Ishmael. No midrash by this name is mentioned in Talmudic literature...
 * 18) Mekize Nirdamim JE (JE | ) International society for the publication of old Hebrew books and manuscripts. It was established first at Lyck, Germany,...
 * 19) Melammed JE (JE | ) A term which in Biblical times denoted a teacher or instructor in general (e.g., in Ps. cxix. 99 and Prov. v. 13), but which...
 * 20) Melbourne (JE | ) Capital of the British colony of Victoria. Attempts were made to hold services in Melbourne in the house of M. Lazarus in...

381 – 400

 * 1) Moritz Gerson Melchior (JE | ) Danish merchant; born in Copenhagen June 22, 1816; died there Sept 19, 1884. At the age of twenty-four he entered the firm...
 * 2) Nathan Melchior (JE | ) Danish physician; born in Copenhagen Aug. 2, 1811; died there Jan. 30, 1872; brother of Moritz G. and Moses Melchior. Nathan...
 * 3) Melchizedek (JE | ) King of Salem and priest of the Most High in the time of Abraham. He brought out bread and wine, blessed Abram, and received...
 * 4) Meldola UNR >> Raphael Meldola (Sephardic Rabbi) JE, (JE | ) Subjoined is the genealogical tree of the Meldola family. The numbers in parentheses correspond to those given in the text...
 * 5) Melihah (JE | ) the process of salting meat in order to make it ritually fit (kasher) for cooking. The prohibition against partaking of blood...
 * 6) Melli (JE | ) Family of scholars and rabbis that derived its name from Melli, an Italian village in the province of Mantua. The family can...
 * 7) David Abenatar Melo (JE | ) Rabbi and poet; born in Spain about 1550. His translation of some of the Psalms into Spanish verse brought him under the suspicion...
 * 8) Moses Hay Melol (JE | ) Compositor and translator in Leghorn (1777-93); son of Jacob Raphael Melol and brother of David &#7716;ayyim Melol. He translated...
 * 9) Alfred Mels (JE | ) German author; born at Berlin April 15, 1831; died at Summerdale, near Chicago, July 22, 1894. He studied at the University...
 * 10) Melun (JE | ) Principal town of the department Seine-et-Marne, France. There was a very important Jewish community here as early as the...
 * 11) Lewis (Lewis S Benjamin) Melville (JE | ) English author; born in 1874. He is the author of the following works: "Life of Thackeray" (1899); "Thackeray&#39;s Stray...
 * 12) Mem (JE | ) Thirteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; the meaning of the name is "water," the primitive shape of the letter resembling...
 * 13) Memel (JE | ) City in the district of K&#246;nigsberg, East Prussia. It has a population of 19,796, including 1,214 Jews (1900). The earliest...
 * 14) Memor-book (JE | ) A manuscript list of localities or countries in which Jews have been persecuted, together with the names of the martyrs, and...
 * 15) Memorial Dates (JE | ) Jewish communities, as a rule, have taken no note of birthdays of any of their members and only in rare cases of the dates...
 * 16) Memorial Service (JE | ) Prayer for the dead is mentioned as early as the last pre-Christian century (see II Macc. xii. 44), and a sacrifice for the...
 * 17) Memphis (JE | ) City of ancient Egypt, situated about ten miles south of modern Cairo. "Memphis" is the Greek form of the Egyptian "Menfe...
 * 18) Memphis (JE | ) Largest city of the state of Tennessee in the United States of America. Although the year 1845 is designated as the date of...
 * 19) Memra (JE | ) "The Word," in the sense of the creative or directive word or speech of God manifesting His power in the world of matter or...
 * 20) Menahem (JE | ) King of Israel 748-738 B.C.; son of Gadi. Zachariah, the son of Jeroboam II., had at the end of six months&#39; reign been...

401 – 420

 * 1) Menahem b. Aaron ibn Zerah JE (JE | ) Spanish codifier; born in Navarre, probably at Estella, in the first third of the fourteenth century; died at Toledo July...
 * 2) Menahem b. Abraham (JE | ) -- See B1259: Bonafos, Menahem ben Abraham
 * 3) Menahem ben Eliakim (JE | ) German scholar of the fourteenth century; a native of Bingen. He was the author of "&#39;Aruk Goren," a dictionary of the...
 * 4) Menahem Eliezer ben Levi (JE | ) Lithuanian Talmudist; born at Wilna; died at Minsk Dec. 23, 1816. After studying Talmud under Solomon of Vilkomir he settled...
 * 5) Menahem ben Elijah (JE | ) Turkish liturgist of the fifteenth century; a native of Kastoria. He composed the following piyyu&#7789;im: (1) "Mah ya&#7731...
 * 6) Menahem the Essene (JE | ) Prominent teacher of the Essene faction in the time of King Herod, about the middle of the first pre-Christian century. He...
 * 7) Menahem ben Helbo (JE | ) -- See K105: &#7730;ara, Joseph ben Simeon
 * 8) Menahem ben Jacob ben Solomon ben Simson (JE | ) German synagogal poet; died at Worms April 16, 1203. He was a member of an old family of Jewish scholars connected with that...
 * 9) Menahem ben Jair (JE | ) Leader of the Sicarh. He was a grandson of Judas of Galilee, the founder of the Zealot party, of which the Sicarii were a...
 * 10) Menahem b. Joseph b. Hiyya (JE | ) Gaon of Pumbedita 858-860. He was probably elected to the office of gaon rather on account of his father than for his own...
 * 11) Menahem ben Joseph of Troyes (JE | ) Liturgical compiler; lived at Troyes in the thirteenth century, succeeding his father, Joseph &#7716;azzan ben Judah, as &#7717...
 * 12) Menahem b. Judah (JE | ) Roman halakist of the twelfth century. There are few data regarding his life, neither the year of his birth nor that of his...
 * 13) Menahem ben Machir (JE | ) German liturgist of the eleventh century; a native of Ratisbon. His grandfather, also called Menahem b. Machir, was a nephew...
 * 14) Menahem Mann ben Solomon ha-Levi (JE | ) -- See A1380: Amelander, Menahem Mann ben Solomon ha-Levi
 * 15) Menahem Manuele b. Baruch ha-Levi (JE | ) Polish rabbi and author; died in Lemberg 1742. He was a descendant of R. Joseph Cohen of Cracow (author of "She&#39;erit Yosef")...
 * 16) Menahem Mendel ben Baruch Bendet (JE | ) Lithuanian Talmudist of the eighteenth century; born at Shklov; died in Palestine. He was a pupil of Elijah of Wilna, whose...
 * 17) Menahem of Merseburg (JE | ) German author; lived between 1420 and 1450. Of his life few details are known. Jacob Weil (Responsa, No. 133) speaks of him...
 * 18) Menahem b. Michael b. Joseph Ha-Kara& (JE | ) Karaite philosopher and poet; born in Babylon; a contemporary of Saadia. He corresponded with David al-Mukamma&#7779...
 * 19) Menahem b. Moses Tamar (JE | ) Poet and commentator; probably a pupil of Mordecai Comtino of Constantinople; flourished in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries...
 * 20) Menahem Obel (JE | ) -- See M972: Mourning

421 – 440

 * 1) Menahem ben Perez of Joigny (JE | ) French tosafist and Biblical commentator of the twelfth century. Zadoc Kahn ("R. E. J." iii. 7) identifies him with Menahem...
 * 2) Menahem Porto (JE | ) -- See P458: Porto
 * 3) Menahem of Recanati (JE | ) -- See R150: Recanati
 * 4) Menahem ben Saruk (Menahem b. Jacob ibn Saruk) JE (JE | ) Spanish philologist of the tenth century. He was a native of Tortosa, and went, apparently at an early age, to Cordova, where...
 * 5) Menahem ben Simeon (JE | ) French Biblical commentator at the end of the twelfth century; a native of Posqui&#232;res and a pupil of Joseph Kim&#7717...
 * 6) Menahem b. Solomon b. Isaac JE (JE | ) Author of the "Sekel Tob" and the "Eben Bochan"; flourished in the first half of the twelfth century. The presence...
 * 7) Menahem of Tiktin (Maharam Tiktin; Menahem David ben Isaac) (JE | ) Polish rabbi and author of the sixteenth century; pupil of Moses Isserles. Menahem occupied himself with emending and annotating...
 * 8) Menahem Vardimas ben Perez the Elder (JE | ) French tosafist and liturgist; died at Dreux 1224. The name "Vardimas," found in Talmud Babli (Shab. 118b) as a bye-name of...
 * 9) Menahem ben Zebi (JE | ) German rabbi; died at Posen(?) in 1724. He was the pupil of R. Heschel and of Aaron Samuel Kaidanover (author of "Birkat ha-Zeba&#7717...
 * 10) Menahem Zioni (Ziyyuni) b. Me&#239;r of Speyer JE (JE | ) Cabalist of the middle of the fifteenth century; author of the cabalistic commentary "Ziyyuni," from which he derives...
 * 11) Menahem-zion ben Solomon (JE | ) Polish rabbi and preacher; died at Altona in 1681. He was at first rabbi of Vladislav, government of Suwalki, Russian Poland...
 * 12) Menahot (JE | ) Treatise in the Mishnah, in the Tosefta, and in the Babylonian Talmud. It discusses chiefly the more precise details of the...
 * 13) MenakKer (JE | ) -- See P453: Porging
 * 14) Menander DAB(JE | ) Putative author of a collection of proverbs, in a Syriac manuscript in the British Museum, edited in 1862 by Land, and bearing...
 * 15) Mende (JE | ) Capital of the ancient county of G&#233;vaudan; now chief town in the department of Loz&#232;re, France. In the twelfth century...
 * 16) Mendel JE (JE | ) Name of a prominent Hungarian family which flourished in the latter half of the fifteenth century and in the first half of...
 * 17) Emanuel Mendel (JE | ) German physician; born at Bunzlau, Silesia, Oct. 28, 1839; educated at the universities of Breslau, Vienna, and Berlin (M...
 * 18) Henriette Mendel (JE | ) Bavarian actress; born July 31, 1833; died at Munich Nov. 12, 1891. In early life she was noted for her beauty and histrionic...
 * 19) Hermann Mendel (JE | ) Music publisher and writer; born at Halle Aug. 6, 1834; died at Berlin Oct. 26, 1876. He received his musical education at...
 * 20) Leon Mendelsburg (JE | ) Russian teacher and writer; born at Hodava, Russian Poland, 1819; died at Warsaw March, 1897. He studied Talmud at Tomashov...

441 – 460

 * 1) Joseph Mendelsohn (JE | ) German author; born at Jever Sept. 10, 1817; died at Hamburg April 4, 1856. He was admitted at an early age to the Jewish...
 * 2) Martin Mendelsohn (JE | ) German physician; born at Posen Dec. 16, 1860; studied medicine at the universities of Leipsic and Berlin (M.D. 1885). After...
 * 3) Samuel Mendelsohn JE (JE | ) American rabbi and scholar; born in Shillelen, province of Kovno, Russia, March 31, 1850. He was educated at the rabbinical...
 * 4) Morritz Emanuilovich Mendelson (JE | ) Polish physiologist and physician; born at Warsaw 1855. He studied medicine at the University of Warsaw, and received his...
 * 5) Moses Mendelson (Hebraist) (JE | ) German Hebraist andwriter of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; born in Hamburg; died there at an advanced age in 1861...
 * 6) Mendelssohn (JE | ) German family rendered illustrious by the philosopher and the musician. It can not verify its ancestry further back than the...
 * 7) Mendes (Mendez) (JE | ) Netherlandish family; one of the thirty prominent Jewish families which emigrated from Spain to Portugal under the leadership...
 * 8) Mendes >> Abraham Pereira Mendes JE, Frederick de Sola Mendes JE, Henry Pereira Mendes JE (JE | ) One of the oldest Sephardic families. It continued in Spain and in Spanish possessions long after 1492, the year of the general...
 * 9) Catulle Mend& (JE | ) French poet, dramatist, and art critic; born at Bordeaux May 22, 1841. Educated in his native city, he went in 1859 to Paris...
 * 10) David Franco Mendes (JE | ) -- See F300: Franco
 * 11) Francisco Mendes (JE | ) Portuguese Marano; physician to Don Affonso, brother of the cardinal infante; lived in Lisbon in the sixteenth century. The...
 * 12) Maurits Benjamin da Costa Mendes (JE | ) Dutch philologist; born at Amsterdam May 16, 1851; entered the Athen&#230;um (now the University) there in 1867 and studied...
 * 13) Moses Mendes (Mendez) (JE | ) English poet and dramatist; born in London; died at Old Buckenham, Norfolk, Feb. 4, 1758; son of James Mendes, a stock-broker...
 * 14) Francisco Mendes-Nasi (JE | ) Member of one of the richest and most respected Portuguese Marano families; died about 1536; husband of Beatrice de Luna....
 * 15) Gracia Mendesia (JE | ) Philanthropist; born about 1510, probably in Portugal; died at Constantinople 1569; member of the Spanish family of Benveniste...
 * 16) Sigismund Ferdinand Mendl (JE | ) English politician; born 1866. He was educated at Harrow School and University College, Oxford, and in 1888 was admitted to...
 * 17) Jacob Wolf Mendlin (JE | ) Russian Hebrew economist; born at Moghilef-on-the-Dnieper 1842. He was the first of the Hebrew writers to treat of economic...
 * 18) Daniel Mendoza (JE | ) English pugilist; born 1763 in White-chapel, London; died Sept. 3, 1836. Champion of England from 1792 to 1795, he was the...
 * 19) Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin (JE | ) Words written by a mysterious hand on the wall of Belshazzar&#39;s palace, and interpreted by Daniel as predicting the doom...
 * 20) Menelaus JE (JE | ) High priest from 171 to about 161 B.C.; successor of Jason, the brother of Onias III. The sources are divided as to his origin...

461 – 480

 * 1) Menephtha (JE | ) -- See M480: Mernepta&#7717;
 * 2) Anton Rafael Mengs (JE | ) Austrian painter; born in Aussig, Bohemia, March 12, 1728; died in Rome June 29, 1779; son of Ismael Israel Mengs. Anton Mengs...
 * 3) Ismael Israel Mengs (JE | ) Danish portrait-painter; born in Copenhagen 1690; died in Dresden Dec. 26, 1765. He learned the art of miniature- and enamel-painting...
 * 4) Menken (JE | ) American family, the first known member of which was Solomon Menken. Jacob Stanwood Menken:   American merchant; born in...
 * 5) Ada Isaacs Menken (JE | ) Anglo-American actress and writer; born June 15, 1835, at Milneburg, La.; died in Paris, France, Aug. 10, 1868. Her first...
 * 6) Menorah (JE | ) the holy candelabrum. For Biblical Data See Candlestick. (see image) the Mosaic Menorah as Described in Rabbinical Literature...
 * 7) Menorah (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 8) Menstruation (JE | ) the first appearance of the menses is known to depend on various factors&#8212;climate, occupation, residence in towns, etc...
 * 9) Abraham Joseph ben Simon Wolf Menz (JE | ) Rabbi at Frankfort-on-the-Main at the beginning of the eighteenth century. He wrote an elementary text-book on mathematics...
 * 10) Mephibosheth (JE | ) Only son of Jonathan, son of Saul, first king of Israel. The chronicler gives him the name of Merib-baal (I Chron. viii. 34)...
 * 11) Mequinez (JE | ) Town in the interior of Morocco, about 35 miles west-southwest of Fez. It contains about 6,000 Jews in a total population...
 * 12) Merab (JE | ) the elder of Saul&#39;s two daughters (I Sam. xiv. 49; xviii. 17, 19). Saul formally offered Merab&#39;s hand to David with...
 * 13) Moses Menahem Merari (JE | ) Poet and chief rabbi of Venice in the seventeenth century. He was one of the rabbis who signed the decision in regard to the...
 * 14) Mercantile Law (JE | ) -- See C694: Commercial Law
 * 15) Mercy (JE | ) -- See C699: Compassion
 * 16) Merech REF:JE (JE | ) Russian town in the government of Wilna. The earliest mention of Jews there is dated 1539, when a dispute was adjudicated...
 * 17) Meribah (JE | ) 1. A place in Rephidim in the wilderness; called also "Massah and Meribah, because of the chiding of the children of Israel...
 * 18) Date meridian (JE | ) Imaginary line fixed upon as the one along which the reckoning of the calendar day changes. East of this line the day is dated...
 * 19) Merkabah JE (JE | ) the Heavenly Throne; hence "Ma&#39;aseh Merkabah," the lore concerning the heavenly Throne-Chariot, with especial reference...
 * 20) Merneptah (JE | ) Egyptian king, the fourth of the 19th dynasty; a prominent figure in the discussions concerning the historicalness and chronology...

481 – 500

 * 1) Merodach-baladan (JE | ) King of Babylon (712 B.C.), who sent letters and a present to Hezekiah, King of Judah, when the latter had recovered from...
 * 2) Merom (JE | ) "The waters of Merom" is given in Josh. xi. 5 as the name of the place at which the hosts of the peoples of northern Palestine...
 * 3) Meron (JE | ) City of Galilee, situated on a mountain, three miles northwest of Safed and four miles south of Giscala, with which city it...
 * 4) Merv (JE | ) District town in Russian Central Asia, on the River Murgab. The town sprang up when the district was annexed to Russia in...
 * 5) Merwan ha-Levi JE (JE | ) French philanthropist of the second half of the eleventh century; one of the most prominent Jews of Narbonne, who devoted...
 * 6) Abraham Merzbacher (JE | ) German banker; born 1812 at Baiersdorf near Erlangen; died June 4, 1885, at Munich. He at first intended to follow a rabbinical...
 * 7) Meseritz (JE | ) -- See M597: Miedzyrzecz
 * 8) Mesha (JE | ) King of Moab, tributary to Ahab, King of Israel. He was a sheepmaster, and paid the King of Israel an annual tax consisting...
 * 9) Mesha (Me&) (JE | ) Palestinian amora; lived in the third century at Lydda, in Judea. He seems to have lost his parents when a child, for he was...
 * 10) Meshershaya bar Pakod (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the sixth and last generation; lived in Sura. In the persecution of Jews by Perozes (Firuz), King of Persia...
 * 11) Meshullam ben David (JE | ) German tosafist of the twelfth or of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was the son of the tosafist and liturgist...
 * 12) Meshullam ben Isaac Salem ben Joseph (JE | ) Italian poet; lived successively at Mantua and Venice at the end of the sixteenth century and at the beginning of the seventeenth...
 * 13) Meshullam ben Israel (JE | ) Talmudic scholar of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; author of "Mar&#39;eh Mekom ha-Dinim" (Cracow, 1647), an...
 * 14) Meshullam ben Jacob of Lunel JE (JE | ) French Talmudist; died at Lunel in 1170. He directed a Talmudic school which produced several famous men, and was an intimate...
 * 15) Meshullam ben Joel ha-Kohen (JE | ) Galician Talmudist; died at Lemberg Sept. 25, 1809. At first rabbi at Zurawno (Galicia), he was called to Koretz to succeed...
 * 16) Meshullam ben Jonah (JE | ) Physician and translator of the thirteenth century. It appears that he lived in southern France. He occupied himself with...
 * 17) Meshullam ben Kalonymus ben Todros (JE | ) French scholar of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries; nasi of Narbonne. Meshullam sided with Judah al-Fakhkhar in his attacks...
 * 18) Meshullam ben Machir (Don Bonet Crescas de Lunel) (JE | ) French scholar; settled at Perpignan, where he died in 1306. Abba Mari, who was a relative of Meshullam, lamented the latter&#39...
 * 19) Meshullam ben Nathan of Melun (JE | ) French tosafist; born at Narbonne about 1120. He was a member of the rabbinical college of Narbonne and, with Abraham ben...
 * 20) Meshullam Phoebus ben Israel Samuel (JE | ) Chief rabbi of Cracow; born about 1547; died at Cracow Oct. 17, 1617. Meshullam is first known as the head of a flourishing...