Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/M2

501 – 520

 * 1) Meshullam ben Solomon (JE | ) Poet; lived at the beginning of the thirteenth century. Although Jedaiah Bedersi, in his "Iggeret HitnazZelut...
 * 2) Meshullam Tysmenitz (JE | ) -- See M502: Tysmenitz, Meshullam
 * 3) Meshummad (JE | ) -- See A1654: Apostasy
 * 4) Meshwi al-& (JE | ) Founder of the Jewish sect Al-&#39;Ukbariyyah (Okbarites), which derived its name from the city of &#39;Ukbara, near Bagdad...
 * 5) Mesopotamia (JE | ) -- See A1698: Aram
 * 6) Mesquita (JE | ) Castilian family, members of which, during the period of the Inquisition, found their way to Holland, England, and America...
 * 7) Moses Gomez de Mesquita (JE | ) Haham of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews of England; born in 1688; died May 8, 1751. Mesquita was appointed haham in 1744...
 * 8) Messenger (JE | ) -- See A894: Agency, Law of
 * 9) Judah Messer Leon (Judah ben Jehiel Rofe) JE (JE | ) Italian rabbi, physician, and philosopher; flourished in Mantua in the latter half of the fifteenth century. He is said to...
 * 10) Messiah >> Messiah ben Joseph JE (JE | ) the Name. The name or title of the ideal king of the Messianic age; used also without the article as a proper name&#8212;"Mashia&#7717...
 * 11) False Messiah (JE | ) -- See P581: Pseudo-Messiah
 * 12) Messianic Prophecy (JE | ) -- See M512: Prophecy
 * 13) Messianic Year (JE | ) -- See C43: Calendar
 * 14) Messina (JE | ) Italian city, "at the point of Sicily, on the strait called Lunir, which divides Calabria from Sicily." ("Itinerary" of Benjamin...
 * 15) Messing (JE | ) Prussian family, members of which in the nineteenth century settled in the United States of America. Joseph Messing:   Talmudist...
 * 16) Metals (JE | ) Although Deut. viii. 9 describes the Promised Land as one rich in ore, Palestine itself was really almost without metals,...
 * 17) Metatron (JE | ) Name of an angel found only in Jewish literature. Elisha b. Abuyah, seeing this angel in the heavens, believed there were...
 * 18) Metempsychosis (JE | ) -- See T298: Transmigration of Souls
 * 19) Meter in the Bible (JE | ) the question whether the poetical passages of the Old Testament show signs of regular rhythm or meter is yet unsolved; the...
 * 20) Methodology (JE | ) -- See T32: Talmud

521 – 540

 * 1) Metrology (JE | ) -- See W81: Weights and Measures
 * 2) Metuentes (JE | ) Term used in the Latin inscriptions by Juvenal for Jewish proselytes. It corresponds to the Greek term &#963;&#949;&#946;&#972...
 * 3) Meturgeman (JE | ) With the return of the exiles from captivity the religious instruction of the people was put into the hands of the Levites...
 * 4) Metz (JE | ) Early Conditions. German fortified city in Lorraine; it has a population of 58,462, including 1,451 Jews. According to ancient...
 * 5) Isaac Metz (JE | ) German scholar; lived at Hamburg in the first half of the nineteenth century. He compiled a catalogue, entitled "Kehillat...
 * 6) Pauline Metzler-L& (JE | ) Austrian contralto singer; born at Theresienstadt, Bohemia, Aug. 31, 1853. At the age of seven she entered the Prague Conservatorium...
 * 7) Mexico (JE | ) -- See S990: South and Central America
 * 8) Adolph Meyer (JE | ) American congressman; born at New Orleans, La., Oct. 19, 1842. He was a student at the University of Virginia when the Civil...
 * 9) Albert Meyer (JE | ) Danish tenor singer; born Oct. 29, 1839, at Sor&#246;, Zealand. In 1860 he sang in the chorus of the Royal Theater, Copenhagen...
 * 10) Annie Meyer (JE | ) American writer; born in New York city Feb. 19, 1867. She early revealed literary gifts, and articles from her pen appeared...
 * 11) Arthur Meyer (JE | ) French journalist; born at Havre 1846. When still a youth he went to Paris and bought and edited the "Revue de Paris," which...
 * 12) David Amsel Meyer (JE | ) Danish financier; born in Copenhagen Jan. 18, 1753; died there Aug. 30, 1813. Meyer started in business for himself at a very...
 * 13) Edvard Meyer (JE | ) Danish journalist and author; born Aug. 6, 1813, in Copenhagen; died there Aug. 4, 1880. He was the son of very poor parents...
 * 14) Ernst Meyer (JE | ) Danish genre painter; born May 11, 1797, at Altona, Sleswick-Holstein; died in Rome Feb. 1, 1861. He studied at the Academy...
 * 15) Friederich Christian Meyer (JE | ) Jewish convert to Christianity; born at Hamburg in the second half of the seventeenth century; died in Belgium about 1738...
 * 16) Leopold Meyer (JE | ) Danish physician; born in Copenhagen Nov. 1, 1852. After graduating from the university of that city (M.D. 1880) he went abroad...
 * 17) Louis Meyer (JE | ) Polish poet; born in the village of Sluzewo (Sluzhew), government of Warsaw, Russian Poland, 1796; died March 25, 1869. He...
 * 18) Ludwig Meyer (JE | ) German psychiatrist; born at Bielefeld Dec. 27, 1827; died at G&#246;ttingen Feb. 8, 1900. He studied medicine at the universities...
 * 19) Ludwig Beatus Meyer (JE | ) Danish author; born in Gandersheim, Brunswick, Jan. 3, 1780; died in Copenhagen July 28, 1854. From 1802 to 1805 he lived...
 * 20) Moritz Meyer (JE | ) German physician; born at Berlin Nov. 10, 1821; died there Oct. 30, 1893. After studying at the universities of Heidelberg...

541 – 560

 * 1) Max Wilhelm Meyer (JE | ) German astronomer; born at Brunswick Feb. 15, 1853. He first engaged in the book-trade, but soon gave it up and pursued astronomical...
 * 2) Rachel Meyer (JE | ) German authoress; born in Danzig March 11, 1806; died in Berlin Feb. 8, 1874. A few years after the death of her sister Frederika...
 * 3) Samuel Meyer (JE | ) German rabbi; born in Hanover Feb. 26, 1819; died there July 5, 1882. He studied Talmud in his native city and at Frankfort-on-the-Main...
 * 4) Sara Meyer, Baronin von Grotthusz (JE | ) German authoress, and leader of a salon; born in Berlin in the latter half of the eighteenth century; died at Oranienburg...
 * 5) Victor Meyer (JE | ) German chemist; born in Berlin Sept. 8, 1848; died in Heidelberg in 1897. He was inclined toward literature and the stage...
 * 6) Giacomo Meyerbeer (JE | ) German composer; born at Berlin Sept. 5, 1791; died at Paris May 2, 1864. His real name was Jakob Liebmann Beer; but he changed...
 * 7) Berisch (Baer) Meysels (JE | ) -- See M372: Meisels, Dob Berush b. Isaac
 * 8) Meyuhas (JE | ) Oriental Jewish family which gave several rabbinical writers to Jerusalem and Constantinople. Abraham ben Samuel Meyu&#7717...
 * 9) Meza (Mesa) (JE | ) A family of Amsterdam distinguished for the number of its members that filled rabbinic offices. Abraham &#7716;ayyim de Jacob...
 * 10) Christian Jacob Theophilus de Meza (JE | ) Danish physician and author; born in Copenhagen Nov. 26, 1756; died there April 6, 1844. He was a son of the physician Christian...
 * 11) Christian Julius Frederik de Meza (JE | ) Danish physician; born in Amsterdam Sept. 4, 1727; died in Copenhagen June, 1800. Meza, who was the son of a Portuguese rabbi...
 * 12) Ernest Mezei (JE | ) Hungarian deputy and journalist; born at Satoralja-Ujhely, Hungary, in May, 1851. He completed his school career partly in...
 * 13) Moritz Mezei (JE | ) Hungarian jurist and deputy; born at Satoralja-Ujhely Jan. 17, 1836. He studied law in Budapest, and even as a student took...
 * 14) Franz Mezey (JE | ) Hungarian juristand author; born at Acsad Feb. 5, 1860. His parents had destined him for a rabbinical career, but after reaching...
 * 15) Mezuzah (JE | ) Name given to a rectangular piece of parchment inscribed with the passages Deut. vi. 4-9 and xi. 13-21, written in twenty-two...
 * 16) Reuben Ezekiel Mhushilkar (JE | ) Beni-Israel soldier. He enlisted in the 19th Regiment Native Infantry Jan. 15, 1849, was made jemidar Oct. 1, 1861, and promoted...
 * 17) Micah (JE | ) 1. Prophet; author of the sixth book in the collection known as "The Twelve Minor Prophets" (Mic. i. 1). The name of the prophet...
 * 18) Book of Micah (JE | ) the sixth book in the collection known as "The Twelve Minor Prophets"; it is ascribed to Micah the Morasthite (see Micah No...
 * 19) Micha (JE | ) 1. Son of Mephibosheth (see Micah No. 3). 2. One of the Levites who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah (Neh. x. 11).E. G. H...
 * 20) Michael (JE | ) One of the archangels one of the chief princes"; Dan. x. 13), who is also represented as the tutelary prince of Israel (ib...

561 – 580

 * 1) Michael Hasid (JE | ) -- See J193: Jehiel Michael ben Judah L&#246;b
 * 2) Heimann Joseph Michael JE (JE | ) Hebrew bibliographer; born at Hamburg April 12, 1792; died there June 10, 1846. He showed great acuteness of mind in early...
 * 3) Isaac Michael (JE | ) German laryngologist; born at Hamburg Nov. 16, 1848; died there Jan. 7, 1897. He studied at the universities of Heidelberg...
 * 4) Michael Jesofovich (JE | ) Senior of the Jews of Lithuania under King Sigismund I. of Poland; born at Brest-Litovsk about the middle of the fifteenth...
 * 5) Max Michael (JE | ) German painter; born in Hamburg March 23, 1823; died at Berlin March 24, 1891. He studied art first at the Kunst-Akademie...
 * 6) Michael ben Moses Kohen (JE | ) Palestinian rabbi and liturgist; lived at Jerusalem in the seventeenth century. He wrote "Moreh Zedek" (Salonica...
 * 7) Moses Gerson Michael (JE | ) American merchant and capitalist; born Aug. 15, 1862, at Jefferson, Ga. At an early age he graduated as B.E. from the University...
 * 8) Michael ben Shabbethai (JE | ) Rabbi of Rome in the sixteenth century. In a decision of 1539 his signature reads "Michael b. Shabbethai ," the last word...
 * 9) Michael ben Shabbethai Cohen Balbo (JE | ) Greek scholar, Hebrew poet, and preacher; born March 27, 1411. A manuscript preserved in the Vatican (No. 305) contains several...
 * 10) Johann David Michaelis (JE | ) Christian Orientalist and polyhistor; born at Halle Feb. 27, 1717; died at G&#246;ttingen Aug. 22, 1791; grandnephew of Johann...
 * 11) Johann Heinrich Michaelis (JE | ) German Christian theologian and Hebraist; born at Kletterberg July 26, 1668; died at Halle March 10, 1738. He studied Ethiopic...
 * 12) Michaelmas Geese (JE | ) -- See B300: Barnacle-Goose
 * 13) Michal (JE | ) the younger of the two daughters of Saul, probably by Ahinoam (I Sam. xiv. 49-50). David, then a boy of about sixteen, was...
 * 14) Michel Jud (JE | ) A public character prominent in his day for wealth and influence; born about the end of the fifteenth century at Derenburg...
 * 15) Albert A Michelson (JE | ) American physicist; born at Strelno, in the district of Bromberg, Prussia, Dec. 19, 1852. His father, Samuel Michelson, emigrated...
 * 16) Michigan (JE | ) One of the Western states of the United States of America. There are no records of the settlement of Jews in Michigan prior...
 * 17) Michmash (JE | ) A town of Benjamin, east of Beth-aven (I Sam. xiii. 2 et passim; Neh. xi. 31). The form "Michmas" occurs in Ezra ii. 27...
 * 18) Micrococcus Prodigiosus (JE | ) A microscopical organism, first mentioned in 1819 by an Italian doctor, Vincenzo Sette, who observed it on polenta, a sort...
 * 19) Microcosm (JE | ) Philosophical term applied to man when contrasted with the universe, which, in this connection, is termed the macrocosm. The...
 * 20) Judah Middleman (JE | ) English rabbi of the first half of the nineteenth century. He was the author of "Netibot Emet," a work written in defense...

581 – 600

 * 1) Middot (JE | ) Treatise in the Mishnah; tenth in the order Kodashim. It deals with the dimensions and the arrangement of the Temple...
 * 2) The Seven Middot of Hillel (JE | ) -- See T34: Talmud Hermeneutics
 * 3) Shelosh-& JE (JE | ) the thirteen forms of mercy, enumerated in Ex. xxxiv. 6-7, whereby God rules the world. According to the explanation of Maimonides...
 * 4) The Thirteen Middot Of R Ishmael (JE | ) -- See T34: Talmud Hermeneutics
 * 5) Midian and Midianites JE (JE | ) Midian was the son of Abraham and Keturah. His five sons, Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abidah (R. V. "Abida"), and Eldaah, were the...
 * 6) Midrash (JE | ) A term occurring as early as II Chron. xiii. 22, xxiv. 27, though perhaps not in the sense in which it came to be used later...
 * 7) Midrash Haggadah >> Midrash Rabbah JE, Midrash Hashkem JE, Midrash Iyyob JE, Midrash Yeshaya JE, Midrash Jonah JE, Pesikta de-Rav Kahana JE, Pesikta Rabbati JE (JE | ) the subject will be treated under the following headings: see table Connotation of Haggadah.Midrash Haggadah embraces the...
 * 8) Midrash Halakah (JE | ) Strictly speaking, the verification of the traditionally received Halakah by identifying its sources in the Bible and by interpreting...
 * 9) Midrash Mishle (JE | ) -- See P566: Proverbs, Midrash to
 * 10) Midrash Shemuel JE (JE | ) -- See S132: Samuel, Midrash to
 * 11) Midrash Tanhuma JE (JE | ) See Tan&#7717;uma
 * 12) Midrash Tehillim JE (JE | ) See Psalms, Midrash to
 * 13) Smaller Midrashim JE >> Midrash Abkir JE, Midrash Al Yithallel JE, Midrash Aseret ha-Dibrot JE, Dibre ha-Yamim shel Mosheh JE, Midrash Eleh Ezkerah JE,  Midrash 'Eser Galiyyot JE,  Midrash Esfah JE,  Midrash Leku Nerannena JE,  Midrash Ma'aseh Torah JE,  Midrash Peṭirat Aharon JE,  Midrash Peṭirat Mosheh JE,  Midrash Ṭa'ame Ḥaserot we-Yeterot JE,  Midrash Tadshe JE,  Midrash Temurah JE, Midrash wa-Yekullu JE, Midrash Wayissa'u JE, Midrash Wayosha' JE JE A number of midrashim exist which are smaller in size, and generally later in date, than those dealt with in the articles...
 * 14) Midwife (JE | ) Midwives are referred to in the Bible as having been employed among the Hebrews at an early period; thus Rachel and Tamar...
 * 15) Mieczyslav III (JE | ) -- See P401: Poland
 * 16) Miedzyboz (Medzhibozh) (JE | ) Russian town in the government of Podolia; it has a total population of 5,100, including 3,400 Jews. Among the latter there...
 * 17) Miedzyrzecz (JE | ) Town in the government of Siedlce, Russian Poland; near Warsaw. It has (1904) a population of 13,681, of whom 9,000 are Jews...
 * 18) Moses Mielziner JE (JE | ) American rabbi and author; born at Schubin, province of Posen, Germany, Aug. 12, 1828; died at Cincinnati Feb. 18, 1903. His...
 * 19) Mieses (JE | ) A family of German and Austrian scholars of the nineteenth century, of which the following are prominent members: Fabius...
 * 20) Ibn Migas (JE | ) -- See I30: Ibn Migas

601 – 620

 * 1) Miggo (JE | ) An Aramaic word contracted from "min gaw" (= "from within"), meaning to proceed from the content of a sentence or circumstance...
 * 2) Migration (JE | ) Removal from one region to another. Ever since the Exile, Jews have been forced to wander from country to country, and a full...
 * 3) Jo& (JE | ) See Nasi, Joseph (Jo&#227;o Migues)...
 * 4) Mihaileni (JE | ) Small town in the district of Dorogoi, Rumania. It was formerly called Vladeni and Tirgu-Nou, and was founded in 1792 by a...
 * 5) Mi-kamokah (JE | ) Opening words of the verse Ex. xv. 11, which, with verse 18 of the same chapter ("Adonai Yimlok," etc.), is regularly employed...
 * 6) David ibn Merwan Mikmash (JE | ) -- See D124: David ibn Merwan al-Mu&#7731;amma&#7779;
 * 7) Mikwa& (JE | ) Treatise in the Mishnah and the Tosefta in the order Tohorot. The legal code of the Pentateuch prescribes a bath for...
 * 8) Mikweh (JE | ) Literally, a "collection," a "collected mass," especially of water (Gen. i. 10; Ex. vii. 19; Lev. xi. 36; comp. Isa. xxii...
 * 9) Milan (JE | ) Capital of Lombardy, and the largest commercial city of Italy. Jews settled there under Roman rule and were persecuted even...
 * 10) Milcah (JE | ) 1. Daughter of Haran, and wife of her uncle Nahor (Gen. xi. 29). She bore eight sons, the youngest of whom was Bethuel, father...
 * 11) Milcom (JE | ) -- See M718: Moloch
 * 12) Miles of Marseilles (JE | ) Proven&#231;al physician and philosopher; born at Marseilles 1294. In some manuscripts he is designated by the name "Bongodos...
 * 13) Joseph ben Moses Milhau (JE | ) French scholar and liturgical poet; lived at Carpentras in the second half of the eighteenth century. He was the author of...
 * 14) Moses ben Michael Milhau (JE | ) French scholar and poet; lived at Carpentras in the second half of the eighteenth century. Moses Milhau seems to have been...
 * 15) Milhaud (JE | ) Village in the department of Gard, France. In Renan-Neubauer, "Les Rabbins Fran&#231;ais," p. 665, its name is given as ....
 * 16) Milk (JE | ) A common article of food among the ancient Hebrews.&#8212;Biblical Data: Palestine is praised in the Bible as a "land flowing...
 * 17) Mill and Millstone (JE | ) -- See F227: Flour
 * 18) Albert Millaud (Arthur Paul David) (JE | ) French journalist and playwright; born at Paris in 1836; died there Oct. 22, 1892; son of Mo&#239;se Millaud. When only eighteen...
 * 19) Édouard Millaud (JE | ) French barrister and statesman; born at Tarascon, Bouches-du-Rh&#244;ne, Sept. 27, 1834; educated at Lyons, and there admitted...
 * 20) Mo& (JE | ) French journalist and banker; born at Bordeaux Aug. 27, 1813; died at Paris 1871. The son of a poor Jewish tradesman, he received...

621 – 640

 * 1) Millennium (JE | ) the reign of peace, lasting one thousand years, which will precede the Last Judgment and the future life. The concept has...
 * 2) Millet (JE | ) An important species of grain which grows chiefly in sandy regions. In Arabia, Italy, and elsewhere a bread, excellent when...
 * 3) Henry Hart Milman (JE | ) Historian; born in London Feb. 10, 1791; died there Sept. 24, 1868. His career at Oxford was a brilliant one. He first became...
 * 4) Eliakim Milsahagi (JE | ) -- See S119: Samiler
 * 5) Milwaukee (JE | ) Metropolis of the state of Wisconsin. The oldest congregation of Milwaukee, Bene Jeshurun, was organized in 1855 by L&#246...
 * 6) Mi-mizrah Umi-ma& (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 7) Min (JE | ) Term used in the Talmud and Midrash for a Jewish heretic or sectarian. Its etymology is obscure, the most plausible among...
 * 8) Judah (L&#246;b) b. Joel Minden (JE | ) German lexicographer; lived at Berlin in the sixth decade of the eighteenth century. In 1760 he published there, with the...
 * 9) L& (JE | ) Cantor and poet; born at Selichow (from which he is called also Judah b. Moses Selichower), in Lesser Poland, in the seventeenth...
 * 10) Hirschel de Minerbi (JE | ) Count of Oscarre; Italian diplomat; descendant of a wealthy and illustrious Jewish family of Triest; born April 25, 1838;...
 * 11) Mines and Mining (JE | ) Mines did not exist in the land inhabited by the Israelites. In the description of Palestine in Deut. viii. 9, it is true...
 * 12) Minhag (JE | ) -- See C939: Custom
 * 13) Minhah Prayer (JE | ) the afternoon devotional service of the Jewish liturgy. The term is probably derived from Elijah&#39;s prayer at "the time...
 * 14) Minir (JE | ) Family of scholars of Tudela, members of which are met with in the East and in Italy.Abraham ben Joseph Minir (probably a...
 * 15) Minis (JE | ) American family especially prominent in the South. Its founder, Abraham Minis, went from England to America in 1733. The family...
 * 16) Phinehas Minkovsky (JE | ) Russian cantor; born at Byelaya Tzerkov April, 1859. His father, Mordecai, a descendant of Yom-Tob Lipmann Heller, was...
 * 17) Oscar Minkowski (JE | ) German physician; born at Alexoten, near Kovno, Russia, Jan. 13, 1858; educated at the universities of Freiburg, Strasburg...
 * 18) Minneapolis (JE | ) Chief commercial city of the state of Minnesota. In 1900 it had in a total population of 202,718 a Jewish community of about...
 * 19) Minnesota (JE | ) One of the northwestern states of the American Union. It has a Jewish population of about 13,000, distributed in the following...
 * 20) Solomon Zalkind Minor (JE | ) Russian rabbi and author; born at Wilna 1827; died there Jan. 21, 1900. He received his elementary education from his father...

641 – 660

 * 1) Minorca (JE | ) -- See B169: Balearic Isles
 * 2) Minority (JE | ) -- See M91: Majority
 * 3) Minsk (JE | ) Russian city; capital of the government of the same name. Of the history of its Jewish community very little is known. In...
 * 4) Nikolai Maksimovich Minski (JE | ) Russian poet and writer; born at Glubokoye, government of Wilna, in 1855. At the age of twelve Nikolai removed to Minsk and...
 * 5) Minters (JE | ) Persons authorized to strike coinage on behalf of a government. As early as 555 a certain Priscus struck coins at Ch&#226...
 * 6) Minyan (JE | ) Literally, "count"; the quorum necessary for public worship. The smallest congregation which is permitted to hold public worship...
 * 7) Minz >> Abraham ben Judah Minz JE, Judah ben Eliezer ha-Levi Minz JE, Moses ben Isaac ha-Levi Minz JE (JE | ) Family of rabbis and scholars, deriving its name from the town of Mayence and founded in the fifteenth century. The family...
 * 8) Miphkad (JE | ) Name of a gate mentioned in connection with the repair of the wall of Jerusalem by Nehemiah (Neh. iii. 31). It seems that...
 * 9) Gabriel Honore Riqueti, Comte de Mirabeau (JE | ) French statesman of the revolutionary era; born at Bignon March 9, 1749; died at Paris April 2, 1791. Sent by de Calonne on...
 * 10) Miracle (JE | ) An event which can not be explained by ordinary natural agencies, and which, therefore, is taken as an act of a higher power...
 * 11) Lalla Miranda (JE | ) Australian singer; born in Melbourne 1876. Both of her parents were singers, and she herself sang in public when only thirteen...
 * 12) Meshullam Zalman ben David (Neumark) Mirels (JE | ) German rabbi; born about 1620 at Vienna; died Nov. 28, 1706, at Altona. When, in 1670, the Jews were expelled from Vienna...
 * 13) Zebi Hirsch ben Aaron Mirels (JE | ) German Talmudist; rabbi of Schwerin in the middle of the eighteenth century. He received his early education in London. After...
 * 14) Jules Mirès (JE | ) French financier; born at Bordeaux Dec. 9, 1809; died at Marseilles in 1871. A broker in 1848, he became, after the February...
 * 15) Miriam (JE | ) Prophetess; daughter of Amram and sister of Moses and Aaron (I Chron. vi. 3; Ex. xv. 20; Num. xxvi. 59). When Moses was left...
 * 16) Solomon Zalman ben Judah L& (JE | ) Lithuanian Talmudist of the eighteenth century; a native of Mir, government of Minsk. He published at K&#246;nigsberg in 1769...
 * 17) Mirror (JE | ) An object having a nearly perfect reflecting surface. In ancient times mirrors were invariably made of metal; in Egypt, of...
 * 18) Mi-sheberak (JE | ) -- See S35: Sacrifice
 * 19) Mishle Sindabar (JE | ) -- See S819: Sindabar
 * 20) Mishnah (JE | ) A noun formed from the verb "shanah," which has the same meaning as the Aramaic "matnita," derived from "teni" or "tena."...

661 – 680

 * 1) Mishneh Torah (JE | ) -- See M905: Moses b. Maimon
 * 2) Mississippi (JE | ) One of the southern states of the United States of America; admitted to the Union in 1817. In 1682 La Salle took possession...
 * 3) Missouri (JE | ) One of the central states of the United States; admitted to the Union in 1821. While yet a territory it was inhabited by Jewish...
 * 4) Mitau (JE | ) Capital of the government of Courland, Russia; situated about 20 miles from Riga on the Drixa, an arm of the River Aa. The...
 * 5) Miter (JE | ) A head-dress; one of the sacred garments of the priests. The high priest&#39;s miter was designated as "miznefet," and...
 * 6) Mitnaggedim (JE | ) Title applied by the &#7716;asidim to their opponents, i.e., to the Orthodox Jews of the Slavonic countries who have not become...
 * 7) Mitrani (JE | ) -- See T294: Trani
 * 8) David Moses Mitzkun (JE | ) Russian Hebraist; born May, 1836; died in Wilna July 23, 1887. He was a writer of Hebrew prose and poetry, and maintained...
 * 9) Mi& (JE | ) A Hebrew word signifying "refusal, denial, or protest"; used technically by the Rabbis to denote a woman&#39;s protest against...
 * 10) Mixed Marriage (JE | ) -- See I163: Intermarriage
 * 11) Mizmor le-Dawid (JE | ) the superscription to Ps. xxix., chanted on Sabbaths before the evening service, and at morning service while the scroll of...
 * 12) Mizmor Shir le-Yom ha-Shabbat (JE | ) the superscription to Ps. xcii., chanted with Ps. xciii. before the commencement of evening service on Sabbaths (including...
 * 13) Mizpah (JE | ) Name of several places in Palestine. It is derived from (= "to look"), on account of which it is translated in certain instances...
 * 14) Mizrah (JE | ) Hebrew term denoting the rising of the sun, the east (Num. xxi. 11; Ps. I. 1); also used to designate an ornamental picture...
 * 15) Mizrahi (JE | ) Family living in the Orient, to which belong some well-known rabbinical authors. There are two main branches: one in Constantinople...
 * 16) Mizraim (JE | ) -- See E67: Egypt
 * 17) Mizwah (JE | ) -- See C688: Commandment
 * 18) Mnemonics (JE | ) Certain sentences, words, or letters used to assist the memory. Such aids are employed in the Mishnah, in both Talmuds, and...
 * 19) Moab JE (JE | ) District and nation of Palestine. The etymology of the word is very uncertain. The earliest gloss is found in the Septuagint...
 * 20) Moabite Stone (JE | ) Name usually given to the only known surviving inscribed monument of ancient Moab. It was discovered in 1868 at Dhiban, the...

681 – 700

 * 1) Mobile (JE | ) -- See A1054: Alabama
 * 2) Mocatta (JE | ) An Anglo-Jewish family which can be traced back to one of the earliest of the resettlers in England. David Mocatta:   English...
 * 3) Jules Moch (JE | ) French officer; colonel of the 130th Regiment of Infantry; born at Sarrelouis Aug. 4, 1829; died at Paris Aug. 8, 1881. On...
 * 4) Mod& (JE | ) Family of Turkish authors. &#7716;ayyim Mod&#39;ai (the Elder):   Rabbinical author; born at Safed 1709; died there 1784...
 * 5) Marx Model (JE | ) Court Jew to Margrave William Frederick of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1703-1723) from 1691 Model and his family were exempt from...
 * 6) Modena (JE | ) City in central Italy; formerly the capital of the duchy of Modena. Of its Jewish community, which has been, during the last...
 * 7) Modena (JE | ) An Italian family the most distinguished members of which are: Aaron Berechiah Modena.   See Aaron Berechiah ben Moses ben...
 * 8) Joseph Samuel Modiano (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical author; lived at Salonica at the end of the eighteenth century. He belonged to a family originally from...
 * 9) Elia Modigliani (JE | ) Italian traveler, naturalist, and author; born at Florence June 13, 1861; graduated at Pavia in 1883. From early youth he...
 * 10) Modin (Moda&, Modi&, Mode&, Modi&) (JE | ) -- See M263: Mattathias Maccabeus
 * 11) Simson ha-Kohen Modon (JE | ) Poet; born in Mantua Aug. 1, 1679; died there June 10, 1727. He received a thorough education and was recognized as an accomplished...
 * 12) Leonello Modona (JE | ) Italian Orientalist; born at Cento in 1841; educated at the Istituto degli Studi Superiori of Florence. Besides compiling...
 * 13) Mo& (JE | ) Name of an order of the Mishnah and the Tosefta both in Babli and in Yerushalmi. The name "Mo&#39;ed," which is mentioned...
 * 14) Mo& (JE | ) Treatise in the Mishnah, in the Tosefta, and in the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmuds. It deals principally with the regulations...
 * 15) Mogador (JE | ) Seaport of Morocco, on the Atlantic; founded by Sidi Mohammed ibn Abdallah in 1759. It has a total population of 19,000, including...
 * 16) Moghilef (Mohilev) (JE | ) Capital of the government of the same name in White Russia; situated on the Dnieper. Though the city was well known as an...
 * 17) Joseph al-Moghrabi (Maghrabi) (JE | ) -- See J491: Joseph ben Judah ibn &#39;A&#7731;nin
 * 18) Sigmund (Selig) Mogulesko (JE | ) American comedian; born in Kaloraush, Bessarabia, Dec. 16, 1858; now residing in New York. He possessed a fine voice from...
 * 19) Mohammed (JE | ) Founder of Islam and of the Mohammedan empire; born at Mecca between 569 and 571 of the common era; died June, 632, at Medina...
 * 20) Mohel (JE | ) -- See C514: Circumcision

701 – 720

 * 1) Samuel Mohilewer (JE | ) Russian rabbi and Zionist; born in Hluboka, government of Wilna, April 25, 1824; died in Byelostok June 10, 1898. His father...
 * 2) Abraham Mendel Mohr (JE | ) -- See M982: Muhr, Abraham
 * 3) Moineshti (JE | ) Small town in Moldavia, district of Bakau. The census of 1820 reported forty-two Jewish taxpayers in the town, who constituted...
 * 4) Mo& (JE | ) American Jewish family descended from Abraham Mo&#239;se, who was born in Alsace and emigrated to the West Indies, where he...
 * 5) Mo& (JE | ) -- See A905: Agricultural Colonies in the Argentine Republic
 * 6) David al-Mokames (JE | ) -- See D124: David (Abu Sulaiman) ibn Merwan al-Mu&#7731;amma&#7779;.
 * 7) Mordecai Mokiah (JE | ) -- See M784: Mordecai Mokia&#7717;
 * 8) Molad (JE | ) -- See C43: Calendar
 * 9) Moldavia (JE | ) -- See R475: Rumania
 * 10) Mole (JE | ) Traditional rendering of the Hebrew "Chaparparah" (Isa. ii. 20). Some give "mole" as the translation also of "&#7717...
 * 11) Jacob ben Moses ha-Levi Molin (JE | ) -- See J79: M&#246;lln, Jacob ben Moses
 * 12) Isaac Molina (JE | ) Egyptian rabbi of the sixteenth century; a native of Venice. He had a controversy with Joseph Caro on the subject of R. Gershom&#39...
 * 13) Joseph Franz Molitor (JE | ) German Christian cabalist; born June 8, 1779, in Ober Ursel, in the Taunus; died in Frankfort-on-the-Main March 23, 1860....
 * 14) Solomon Molko JE (JE | ) Marano cabalist; born a Christian in Portugal about 1500; died at Mantua in 1532. His baptismal name probably was Diogo Pires...
 * 15) Albert Moll (JE | ) German physician; born at Lissa May 4, 1862; educated at the universities ofBreslau, Freiburg, Jena, and Berlin (M.D. 1885)...
 * 16) Mölln (Molin) (JE | ) Name of a family of Mayence. The name, which, according to D. Kaufmann ("Der Grabstein des R. Jacob ben Moses ha-Levi," in...
 * 17) Francisco Molo (JE | ) Dutch financier and statesman; lived in the seventeenth century. In 1679 he settled in Amsterdam as financial agent of John...
 * 18) Moloch (Molech) (JE | ) in the Masoretic text the name is "Molech"; in the Septuagint "Moloch." the earliest mention of Molech is in Lev. xviii. 21...
 * 19) Julius Lazarus Mombach (JE | ) Musician and composer; born in Pfungstadt 1813; died at London, England, Feb. 8, 1880. In 1828 he went to London and received...
 * 20) Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (JE | ) Jurist, archeologist, and historian; born Nov. 30, 1817, at Garding, Sleswick-Holstein; died Nov. 1, 1903, at Charlottenburg...

721 – 740

 * 1) Monastir (JE | ) Capital of Rumelia, European Turkey; 400 miles west of Constantinople; the ancient Vitolia. It has a population of 65,000...
 * 2) Monatsschrift f& (JE | ) the oldest and most important monthly devoted to the science of Judaism. It was founded by Zacharias Frankel in Dresden in...
 * 3) Moncalvo (JE | ) Small town in the province of Alessandria, Piedmont, Italy. Jews settled there after their expulsion from France. The community...
 * 4) Ludwig Mond (JE | ) English chemist; born at Cassel, Germany, March 7, 1839; educated at the Polytechnic School, Cassel, and at the universities...
 * 5) Monday and Thursday Prayer (JE | ) -- See L475: Liturgy
 * 6) Money (JE | ) As far back as the history of Israel can be traced, gold and silver were used as standards of value and mediums of exchange...
 * 7) Money-lending (JE | ) -- See U58: Usury
 * 8) David Monies (JE | ) Danish portrait and genre painter; born in Copenhagen June 3, 1812; died there April 29, 1894. He was admitted to the school...
 * 9) Judah Monis (JE | ) American scholar. Hannah Adams in her "History of the Jews" says that he was born in Algiers about 1683, and that he died...
 * 10) Monogamy (JE | ) in Judaism the Law tolerated though it did not enact polygamy; but custom stood higher than the Law. From the period of the...
 * 11) Monotheism (JE | ) the belief in one God. The French writer Ernest Renan has propounded the theory that the monotheistic instinct was a Semitic...
 * 12) Monreal (JE | ) City in Navarre, situated three miles from Pamplona; to be distinguished from a city of the same name in Aragon. A small number...
 * 13) Monster (JE | ) -- See L275: Leviathan
 * 14) Hyman Montagu (JE | ) English numismatist and lawyer; died in London Feb. 18, 1895; son of Samuel Moses (having later assumed the name ofMontagu)...
 * 15) Sir Samuel Montagu, Bart (JE | ) English banker and communal worker; born at Liverpool Dec. 21, 1832; son of Louis Samuel, his name, "Montagu Samuel," having...
 * 16) Montalban (JE | ) City in Aragon; not to be confused with Montalban in Castile, in the archbishopric of Toledo, which was also inhabited by...
 * 17) Filotheo Eliau (Elijah) Montalto (JE | ) Portuguese physician; born at Castello Branco in the middle of the sixteenth century; died at Tours, France, in 1616. According...
 * 18) Montana (JE | ) One of the northwestern states of the American Union. It was organized as a territory in 1864, and admitted as a state in...
 * 19) R Eliezer Montauban (JE | ) -- See D81: Dauphin&#233;
 * 20) Monte Di Piet& (JE | ) -- See P125: Pawnbrokers

741 – 760

 * 1) Montefiore (JE | ) Anglo-Jewish family which derives its name from a town in Italy. In 1856 there were three towns so named in the Pontifical...
 * 2) Mont& (JE | ) Capital of the department of the Drome, France. A large number of Jews lived here from the beginning of the fourteenth century...
 * 3) Antonio de (Aaron Levi) Montezinos (JE | ) Marano traveler of the seventeenth century. He claimed that while journeying in South America about 1641 near Quito, Ecuador...
 * 4) Montezinos Library (JE | ) Division of the library of the Portuguese Rabbinical Seminary &#39;Ez &#7716;ayyim at Amsterdam, Holland. It was bequeathed...
 * 5) Montgomery (JE | ) -- See A1054: Alabama
 * 6) Month (JE | ) A unit of time; the period between one new moon and another. According to the account of Creation in Genesis, it was decreed...
 * 7) Andrea Di Monti (JE | ) -- See J538: Joseph &#7826;arfati
 * 8) Monticelli (JE | ) Small town in the province of Piacenza, northern Italy, with a Jewish community dating from the expulsion of the Jews from...
 * 9) Anton de Montoro (JE | ) Spanish poet of the fifteenth century; born in Montoro 1404; died after March, 1477; son of Fernando Alfonso de Baena Ventura...
 * 10) Montpellier (JE | ) Capital of the department of H&#233;rault, a part of the old province of Languedoc, France. It is sometimes called also "Har...
 * 11) Montreal (JE | ) Metropolis of the Dominion of Canada, situated on an island in the St. Lawrence River; the most important center of Jewish...
 * 12) Monuments in Their Bearing on Biblical Exegesis (JE | ) For centuries the evidence of the authenticity of the Old Testament Scriptures had to be sought from within; of contemporaneous...
 * 13) Monzon (JE | ) Town near Lerida in the ancient kingdom of Aragon, Spain. It had a considerable Jewish community, the members of which were...
 * 14) Abraham (The Elder) Monzon (JE | ) Rabbi of the latter part of the sixteenth century; died at Constantinople. He was a pupil of Bezaleel Ashkenazi, and on account...
 * 15) Abraham (The Younger) Monzon (JE | ) Rabbinical and Talmudic scholar of the middle of the sixteenth century. He was originally from Tetuan in Morocco, where he...
 * 16) Moon (JE | ) the most common Hebrew word for, the moon is "yerach," the root of which is probably akin to "arach," so that the...
 * 17) Solomon Moos (JE | ) German otologist; born at Randegg, near Constance, Germany, July 15, 1831; died at Heidelberg July 15, 1895; educated at the...
 * 18) Henry Samuel Morais JE (JE | ) American writer and minister; born May 13, 1860, at Philadelphia, Pa.; educated at private and public schools of that city...
 * 19) Sabato Morais JE (JE | ) American rabbi; born at Leghorn, Italy, April 13, 1823; died at Philadelphia Nov. 11, 1897. He was the elder son and the third...
 * 20) Olympia Fulvia Morata (JE | ) -- See H512: Heidelberg

761 – 780

 * 1) Moravia (JE | ) Austrian province, formerly part of the kingdom of Bohemia, containing 44,255 Jews in a total population of 2,437,706 (1900)...
 * 2) Morawczyk (JE | ) Family of Polish scholars of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries coming originally from Moravia. Jehiel Michael Morawczyk:...
 * 3) Morbidity (JE | ) Tendency to disease. The ratio of sickness among the Jews has not yet been satisfactorily studied, although the ratio of deaths&#8212...
 * 4) Mordecai (JE | ) Chief minister of Ahasuerus and one of the principal personages of the Book of Esther. He was the son of Jair, a Benjamite...
 * 5) Mordecai (JE | ) An American family of German origin, the founder of which settled in the United States in the second half of the eighteenth...
 * 6) Mordecai Astruc (JE | ) French liturgical poet; lived at Carpentras about the end of the seventeenth century. He was the author of several liturgical...
 * 7) Mordecai Dato (Ben Judah) (JE | ) Italian paye&#7789;an; lived in Ferrara in the sixteenth century. The name "Dato" is the Italian equivalent of "Nathan." He...
 * 8) Mordecai b. David (JE | ) -- See S1132: Strelisker, Mordecai
 * 9) Mordecai of Eisenstadt (JE | ) -- See M784: Mordecai Mokia&#7717;
 * 10) Mordecai ben Eliezer Jonah (JE | ) Austrian commentator; lived in Lemberg in the latter part of the sixteenth century. He published an ethical discourse on the...
 * 11) Mordecai En Crescas d& (JE | ) -- See C877: Crescas, Mordecai En, of Orange
 * 12) Mordecai b. Hillel b. Hillel (JE | ) German halakist of the thirteenth century; died as a martyr at Nuremberg Aug. 1, 1298. Mordecai belonged to one of the most...
 * 13) Mordecai b. Isaac of Carpentras (JE | ) French Talmudist; flourished in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Mordecai lived in Carpentras (department of Vaucluse)...
 * 14) Mordecai Kimhi (JE | ) -- See K217: &#7730;im&#7716;i
 * 15) Mordecai ben Jacob (Mordecai Singer) (JE | ) Polish translator; lived in Cracow; died 1575. He translated into Jud&#230;o-German the Book of Proverbs (Cracow, 1582) and...
 * 16) Mordecai Jaffe JE (JE | ) -- See J136: Jaffe
 * 17) Mordecai ben Jehiel (Michael ha-Levi) (JE | ) Russian grammarian and ab bet din of Slawatyetz-on-the-Bug; lived at the beginning of the eighteenth century. He wrote "Mera...
 * 18) Mordecai ben Joseph of Avignon (JE | ) Proven&#231;al Talmudist; flourished in the middle of the thirteenth century; a contemporary of the Dominican Pablo Christiani...
 * 19) Mordecai ben Judah (Mordusch) (JE | ) Polish ritualist; lived at Lamkumsh; died 1584. He edited the Machzor with the commentary of Abraham Abigdor, to which...
 * 20) Mordecai ben Judah (Aryeh L&#246;b) Ashkenazi (JE | ) Dutch ritualist; lived in Amsterdam in the early part of the seventeenth century. He was a disciple of Abraham Rovigo, whose...

781 – 800

 * 1) Mordecai ben Judah ha-Levi (JE | ) Chief rabbi of Cairo, Egypt; preacher and Biblical commentator; flourished in the seventeenth century; died at Jerusalem....
 * 2) Mordecai ben Judah L& (JE | ) Commentator; lived in the latter part of the seventeenth century. He was rabbi of Dobri, Bohemia. His commentary to the Pentateuch...
 * 3) Mordecai ha-Kohen of Safed (JE | ) Cabalist and scholar; flourished in the second half of the sixteenth century. He was a pupil of the famous cabalist Israel...
 * 4) Mordecai Mokiah JE (JE | ) Shabbethaian prophet and false Messiah; born in Alsace about 1650; died at Presburg May 18, 1729. The death of Shabbethai...
 * 5) Mordecai ben Naphtali Hirsch Kremsir (JE | ) Polish commentator; died in Cracow 1670. He was a disciple of Shabbethai Sheftel. His most important work is a commentary...
 * 6) Maestro Mordecai Nathan (JE | ) French physician; lived at Avignon in the middle of the fifteenth century. He corresponded with Joseph Colon, who highly praises...
 * 7) Mordecai ben Nathan ben Eliakim ben Isaac of Strasburg (JE | ) French commentator; lived at Corbeil about the end of the thirteenth century. He was the author of a commentary on the "Sefer...
 * 8) Mordecai ben Nissan ha-Zaken JE (JE | ) Karaite scholar; lived at Krasnoi-Ostrog, Poland, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He studied under Joseph ben...
 * 9) Mordecai b. Shabbethai (JE | ) Liturgical poet of the thirteenth century; a native either of Italy or of Greece. His penitential prayers ("selichot")...
 * 10) Mordecai Zemah b. Gershon (Soncin) (JE | ) -- See M790: Soncin
 * 11) Lazare Mordo (JE | ) Physician and honorary rabbi of Corfu; born 1744; died 1823; studied at Venice and Padua. In 1814 he was appointed chief physician...
 * 12) Moreno (Morenu) (JE | ) According to the interpretation of Moses ibn &#7716;abib, a proper name, which was adopted as a family name by Spanish-Portuguese...
 * 13) Morenu (JE | ) Term used since the middle of the fourteenth century as a title for rabbis and Talmudists; and the abbreviation (= ) was...
 * 14) Moresheth-gath (JE | ) City in Palestine, apparently the native place of the prophet Micah; mentioned in connection with Lachish, Achzib, Mareshah...
 * 15) Altes Und Neues Morgenland (JE | ) Monthly magazine published in Basel, Switzerland. It was edited by Samuel Preiswerk and appeared for six years (1838-44)....
 * 16) Karl Morgenstern (painter) (JE | ) German landscape-painter; born at Frankfort-on-the-Main Oct. 25, 1812; died there Jan. 10, 1893. He received his education...
 * 17) Lina Morgenstern (JE | ) German authoress and communal worker; born in Breslau Nov. 25, 1830. The Revolution of 1848 led her to interest herself in...
 * 18) Michael Morgulis (JE | ) Russian jurist and author; born at Berdychev March 25, 1837. His parents, who were well-to-do people, gave him a good education...
 * 19) Moriah JE (JE | ) 1. A district in Palestine containing several mountains, on one of which Abraham was commanded by God to sacrifice his son...
 * 20) Albert Moritz (JE | ) American naval engineer; born at Cincinnati, Ohio, June 8, 1860. He was educated at the College of the City of New York, graduating...

801 – 820

 * 1) Morocco >> History of the Jews in Morocco JE (JE | ) Sultanate in northwestern Africa. In antiquity it formed a considerable part of Mauritania. The latter was originally an independent...
 * 2) Giulio Morosini (JE | ) Italian convert from Judaism to Christianity; born at Venice 1612; died in 1687. He was descended from a wealthy family which...
 * 3) Morpurgo (JE | ) Austro-Italian family, originally from Marburg, Styria. Carlo Morpurgo:   Italian writer; born June 20, 1841, at Cairo, Egypt...
 * 4) Samson ben Joshua Moses Morpurgo JE (JE | ) Italian rabbi, physician, and liturgist; born at Gradiska, Austria, in 1681; died at Ancona April 12, 1740. When a boy of...
 * 5) Lewis Morrison (JE | ) American actor, born at Jamaica, W. I., 1845. Morrison removed to the United States before his twentieth year and on the outbreak...
 * 6) Godfrey Morse (JE | ) American lawyer; brother of Leopold Morse; born at Wachenheim, in Rhenish Bavaria, May 19, 1846; he removed to America in...
 * 7) Leopold Morse (JE | ) American congressman; merchant; born at Wachenheim, Rhenish Bavaria, Aug. 15, 1831; died in Boston, Mass., Dec. 15, 1892....
 * 8) Mortality (JE | ) Death-rate. The bulk of the Jews are known to live in the most overcrowded and unsanitary sections of cities in Europe and...
 * 9) Mortara Case (JE | ) A case of forcible abduction in which a child named Edgar Mortara was violently removed from the custody of his parents by...
 * 10) Edgar Mortara (JE | ) -- See M809: Mortara Case
 * 11) Marco Mortara JE (JE | ) Italian rabbi and scholar; born at Viadana May 7, 1815; died at Mantua Feb. 2, 1894. Having graduated from the rabbinical...
 * 12) Saul Levi Morteira (Mortera) JE (JE | ) Dutch rabbi of Portuguese descent; born about 1596 at Venice; died at Amsterdam Feb. 10, 1660. In a Spanish poem Daniel Levi...
 * 13) Mortgage (JE | ) Written document for securing a debt upon property, possession of which is not necessarily delivered to the creditor. The...
 * 14) Edward Morton (JE | ) English journalist and playwright; born 1858. For many years he was dramatic critic on the "Referee" and other London papers...
 * 15) Martha Morton (JE | ) American playwright; born Oct. 10, 1865, in New York city; educated in the public schools and at the Normal College. Among...
 * 16) Edward Morwitz (JE | ) American physician and journalist; born at Danzig, Prussia, June 11, 1815; settled in Philadelphia 1850; died there Dec. 13...
 * 17) Joseph Moscat (JE | ) -- See M613: Milhau, Joseph ben Moses
 * 18) Judah Aryeh (Leone) Moscato JE (JE | ) Italian rabbi, poet, and philosopher of the sixteenth century; born at Osimo, near Ancona; died at Mantua before 1594. After...
 * 19) Felix Moscheles (JE | ) English artist; born in London Feb. 8, 1833; studied painting in Paris and Antwerp, and exhibited his first pictures in those...
 * 20) Ignaz Moscheles (JE | ) Austrian pianist; born at Prague May 30, 1794; died at Leipsic March 10, 1870. After a short course with Zadrahka and Horzelsky...

821 – 840

 * 1) Tobias Moschides (JE | ) -- See C656: Cohn, Tobias
 * 2) Judah Leon ben Moses Mosconi JE (JE | ) Bulgarian scholar and Talmudist; born at Ocrida 1328. Owing to the wars which agitated Bulgaria in the fourteenth century...
 * 3) Moscow (JE | ) Russian city; capital of the government of the same name. Jews began to appear in Moscow in early times, but only as individuals...
 * 4) Mose (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 5) Alfred Mosely (JE | ) English financier; born at Clifton 1855. He was educated at the Bristol Grammar School, and afterward went to South Africa...
 * 6) Julius Mosen (Moses) (JE | ) German poet; born at Marieney, Saxony, July 3, 1803; died at Oldenburg Oct. 10, 1867. He was educated at Plauen, and studied...
 * 7) Solomon Hermann Von Mosenthal (JE | ) Austrian dramatist and poet; born at Cassel, Hesse-Nassau, Germany, Jan. 14, 1821; died at Vienna Feb. 17, 1877. He attended...
 * 8) Moser (JE | ) An informer, denunciator, or delator; synonyms are "masor" (abstract, "mesirah"), "delator", and "malshin" (abstract, "malshinut")...
 * 9) Moses Moser (JE | ) German merchant known as a friend of Heine; born 1796; died at Berlin Aug. 15, 1838. He was educated for a business career...
 * 10) Moses JE >> Moses in rabbinic literature JE, Moses in Judeo-Hellenistic literature JE (JE | ) the birth of Moses occurred at a time when Pharaoh had commanded that all male children born to Hebrew captives should be...
 * 11) Assumption of Moses (JE | ) -- See A1643: Apocalyptic Literature
 * 12) Blessing of Moses (JE | ) Name given to the chapter in Deuteronomy (xxxiii.) containing the prophetic utterances of Moses concerning the destiny of...
 * 13) Children of Moses (JE | ) the legendary descendants of Moses who dwell beyond the mythical River Samba&#7789;ion. The pathetic conception of the Jewish...
 * 14) Moses ben Aaron (JE | ) Moravian and German rabbi; born at Lemberg about 1705; died at Nikolsburg, Moravia, Dec. 28, 1757. After having studied in...
 * 15) Moses ben Abraham Abinu JE (JE | ) Christian convert to Judaism; printer and author; born at Nikolsburg; died at Amsterdam in 1733 or 1734. According to Wolf...
 * 16) Moses ben Abraham ha-Kadosh (JE | ) Lithuanian rabbi; born probably at Brest-Litovsk in the beginning of the seventeenth century; died at Grodno April 28, 1681...
 * 17) Moses ben Abraham of N& (JE | ) Liturgical poet and astronomer; lived at Avignon in the second half of the fifteenth century. He was the author of a liturgical...
 * 18) Moses ben Abraham of Pontoise (JE | ) Tosafist; lived in the twelfth century. He was a disciple of Jacob Tam, with whom he carried on an active scientific correspondence...
 * 19) Moses ben Abraham Proven& (JE | ) Rabbi of Mantua about the middle of the sixteenth century. In opposition to the opinion of Me&#239;r Katzenellenbogen of Padua...
 * 20) Moses A&#231;an (Hazzan) de Zaragua (JE | ) Spanish poet; born in Catalonia; perhaps the Moses A&#231;an who lived in Cuenca, and who, when King Alfonso X. (the Wise)...

841 – 860

 * 1) Adolph S. Moses (JE | ) American rabbi; born at Kletchevo, Prussian Poland, May 3, 1840; died at Louisville, Ky., Jan. 7, 1902. He was a son of Israel...
 * 2) Moses ben Amram ha-Parsi (JE | ) -- See M1015: Musa of Tiflis
 * 3) Moses of Arles (JE | ) French scholar of the second half of the tenth century. Moses is the earliest scholar of the city of Arles of whom there is...
 * 4) Moses b. Asher (JE | ) Masorite; father of Aaron; generally called ben Asher; lived at Tiberias in the second half of the ninth century. His father...
 * 5) Moses of Baalbek (JE | ) -- See M504: Meshwi al&#39;Ukbari
 * 6) Moses b. Benjamin ha-Sofer of Rome (JE | ) Liturgical poet of the twelfth century; he wrote several piyyu&#7789;im for the Passover and the Feast of Weeks, as well as...
 * 7) Moses b. Benjamin Wolf (JE | ) Polish physician; flourished at Kalisz in the second half of the seventeenth century. He wrote in Yiddish two medical works:...
 * 8) Moses Botarel JE (JE | ) Spanish scholar; lived in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. He was a pupil of Jacob Sefardi (the Spaniard), who instructed...
 * 9) Moses Botarel Farissol JE (JE | ) Astronomer and mathematician of the second half of the fifteenth century. He wrote a work on the calendar entitled "Meleket...
 * 10) Moses Cordovero (JE | ) Physician; lived at Leghorn in the seventeenth century. Conforte praises him as a good physician, and also on account of his...
 * 11) Moses Cordovero (JE | ) -- See R209: Remak
 * 12) Moses of Crete (JE | ) Pseudo-Messiah of the middle of the fifth century. In spite of Ashi&#39;s efforts to restrain within limits the expectation...
 * 13) Moses ben Daniel of Rohatyn (JE | ) Galician author of the end of the seventeenth century. He was the author of "Sugyot ha-Talmud," a methodology of the Talmud...
 * 14) Moses ha-Darshan JE (JE | ) French exegete; lived at Narbonne about the middle of the eleventh century. According to a manuscript in the possession of...
 * 15) Moses ben David ben Naphtali (JE | ) -- See B650: Ben Naphtali
 * 16) Moses Eisenstadt ben Isaac (JE | ) -- See M856: Eisenstadt, Moses ben Isaac
 * 17) Moses Eliakim Beri& (JE | ) Polish preacher; born at Cozienice; died there in 1825. He wrote "Be&#39;er Mosheh" (Jusefow, n.d.), homilies arranged according...
 * 18) Moses ben Elijah ha-Levi (JE | ) Karaite scholar and poet; lived at Chufut-Kale, in the Crimea, in the eighteenth century. He was the author of a work entitled...
 * 19) Moses ben Enoch JE (JE | ) Founder of Talmud study in Spain; died about 965. He was one of the four scholars that went from Sura, the seat of a once...
 * 20) Moses of Evreux JE (JE | ) French tosafist, and author of a siddur ("Semak" No. 154); flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. Moses...

861 – 880

 * 1) Moses Germanus (JE | ) -- See S991: Spaeth, Johann
 * 2) Moses ibn Gikatilla (JE | ) -- See G227: Gikatilla, Moses ibn
 * 3) Moses b. Habib (JE | ) -- See H20: &#7716;abib, Moses b. Shem-&#7788;ob ibn
 * 4) Moses Harif II (Phinehas Moses ben Israel) (JE | ) Chief rabbi of Lemberg, where he died Sept. 17, 1702. Moses was a grandson of Moses &#7716;arif I. ben Solomon, and appears...
 * 5) Moses Hasid (JE | ) Austrian ethical writer; lived at Prague in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He was the author of a "Zawwa&#39...
 * 6) Moses ben Isaac (JE | ) Austrian author; lived at Bisenz, Moravia, in the latter half of the sixteenth century. He was the author of: "Darash Mosheh"...
 * 7) Moses Isaac b. Baruch of Redwitz (JE | ) -- See M342: Meinek, Moses S&#228;kel
 * 8) Moses ben Isaac Bonems JE (JE | ) Polish rabbi; born at Cracow; died at Lublin Nov. 25, 1668. He was a great-grandson of Moses Isserles, and later became the...
 * 9) Moses ben Isaac Hanessiah (JE | ) English grammarian and lexicographer of the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. His mother probably was a Jewess...
 * 10) Moses b. Isaac Judah Lima (JE | ) -- See L423: Lima, Moses b. Isaac Judah
 * 11) Moses Isaac Judah L& (JE | ) Rabbi and cabalist; born at Frankfort-on-the-Main; died at Pinczow, Russian Poland, in 1682 (in 1662 according to Wolf, "Bibl...
 * 12) Moses Isaac of Kelmy (JE | ) Russian preacher, known as the "Kelmer maggid"; born in Slonim, government of Grodno, 1828; died in Lida, government of Wilna...
 * 13) Moses ben Isaac Leoni (JE | ) Italian scholar and Talmudist; born at Urbino Nov. 30, 1566; died in 1641. At the age of thirteen Moses became the pupil of...
 * 14) Moses ben Isaac of Rieti (JE | ) Italian physician, philosopher, and poet; born at Rieti in 1388; died at Rome about 1460. After having received instruction...
 * 15) Isaac S Moses (JE | ) American rabbi; born Dec. 8, 1847, at Santomischel, Posen. He was educated at Santomischel, Gleiwitz, and Breslau. The rabbinical...
 * 16) Moses ben Isaiah ha-Kohen (JE | ) Polish rabbi of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He was a pupil of Solomon Luria, and was successively rabbi of Miedzyboz...
 * 17) Moses Israel (rabbi) (JE | ) Oriental rabbi; born at Jerusalem in the latter half of the seventeenth century; died at Alexandria about 1740. Sent out to...
 * 18) Moses b. Israel Isserles (JE | ) -- See I366: Isserles
 * 19) Moses ben Israel of Landsberg (JE | ) German Talmudist and Hebrew scholar at the beginning of the eighteenth century. He was styled by his contemporaries "the father...
 * 20) Moses ben Issachar (JE | ) Rabbi at Aussee, Moravia, in the second half of the seventeenth century; nephew of Mordecai Jaffe. He wrote: "Holek be-Derek...

881 – 900

 * 1) Moses ben Jacob of Coucy (SeMaG) EL:JE (JE | ) the "SeMaG" of Moses of Coucy deals with the 365 prohibitions and the 248 commandments of the Mosaic law, separately expounding...
 * 2) Moses ben Jacob of Russia (JE | ) Born in Schadow, near Schavli, Lithuania, 1449; died in the first quarter of the sixteenth century, in the Crimea, probably...
 * 3) Moses ben Jehiel ben Mattathiah (JE | ) -- See M917: Moses of Paris
 * 4) Moses b. Jekuthiel de Rossi (JE | ) -- See R433: Rossi, Moses b. Jekuthiel de
 * 5) Joseph Hayyim Elijah Moses (JE | ) Cabalist and Talmudist; grandson of a chief rabbi of Bagdad; one of the leaders of the Jewish community there (1904). He wrote...
 * 6) Moses b. Joseph Hazzan (JE | ) -- See M945: Moses b. Yom-&#7788;ob
 * 7) Moses ben Joseph ha-Kohen (JE | ) Liturgical poet of the latter part of the twelfth century; perhaps the Moses ben Joseph who aided the oppressed Jews in the...
 * 8) Moses ben Joseph ben Merwan ha-Levi JE (JE | ) French Talmudist; flourished about the middle of the twelfth century. He was a nephew and pupil of Isaac ben Merwan ha-Levi...
 * 9) Moses b. Joseph of Rome (JE | ) Liturgical poet and rabbinical authority of the thirteenth century. One of his liturgical poems has been included in the German...
 * 10) Moses ben Joshua of Narbonne (Maestro Vidal Blasom) (JE | ) French philosopher and physician; born at Perpignan at the end of the thirteenth century; died after 1362. His education in...
 * 11) Moses Judah L&#246;b b. Samuel (JE | ) Russian rabbi and author; born in Turetz, government of Minsk; died at Minsk in 1889. He was a son-in-law of Rabbi David Tebele...
 * 12) Moses (Mesharsheya) Kahana ben Jacob (JE | ) Gaon of Sura from 832 to 843; son of the gaon (801-815) Jacob ha-Kohen ben Mordecai. Moses is reputed to have been a student...
 * 13) Moses Kalfo JE (JE | ) Italian scholar; lived at the beginning of the eleventh century at Bari, where he taught at the yeshibah. He is known through...
 * 14) Moses b. Kalonymus (JE | ) -- See K65: Kalonymus
 * 15) Moses Kapsali (JE | ) -- See C132: Capsali
 * 16) Moses of Kiev JE (JE | ) Russian Talmudist; lived in the first half of the twelfth century. Moses seems to have been in western Europe in consequence...
 * 17) Moses ha-Kohen (JE | ) Rabbi of Salonica in the first half of the eighteenth century; author of a collection of responsa entitled "Kehunnat &#39...
 * 18) Moses ha-Kohen of Corfu (JE | ) Greek Talmudist and liturgical poet; flourished at the end of the sixteenth century. He was the author of"Yashir Mosheh" (Mantua...
 * 19) Moses Kohen b. Eliezer (JE | ) -- See C553: Coblenz
 * 20) Moses ha-Kohen of Lunel (JE | ) French Talmudist; flourished about 1200. Moses was one of the rabbis who criticized Maimonides&#39; writings. He wrote a series...

901 – 920

 * 1) Moses of Leon (JE | ) -- See L201: Leon, Moses de
 * 2) Moses ha-Levi Alkabiz (JE | ) Prominent rabbi of the first half of the sixteenth century; father of Solomon Alkabiz. About 1530 he officiated...
 * 3) Moses ha-Levi ha-Nazir (JE | ) Palestinian rabbi of the seventeenth century. He was the father of Joseph ha-Levi and son-in-law of the Talmudist Abraham...
 * 4) Moses Lima ben Isaac (JE | ) -- See L423: Lima, Moses b. Isaac Judah
 * 5) Moses ben Maimon JE >> The Guide for the Perplexed JE (JE | ) Talmudist, philosopher, astronomer, and physician; born at Cordova March 30, 1135; died at Cairo Dec. 13, 1204; known in Arabic...
 * 6) Moses b. Me& (JE | ) Italian tosafist of the thirteenth century, whose tosafot were used by the compiler of the "Haggahot Maimuniyyot." Moses himself...
 * 7) Moses Me& (JE | ) -- See K77: Kamanker, Moses Me&#239;r
 * 8) Moses ben Menahem (Pr&) (JE | ) Cabalist of Prague; disciple of R. David Oppenheim; lived in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He wrote: "Wa-Ya&#7731...
 * 9) Moses Mizorodi ben Judah Maruli (JE | ) Karaite scholar; lived at Constantinople in the second half of the sixteenth century. He was ayounger contemporary of Judah...
 * 10) Moses ben Nahman Gerondi (JE | ) Spanish Talmudist, exegete, and physician; born at Gerona (whence his name "Gerondi") in 1194 (Gans, "Zemach Dawid...
 * 11) Moses ha-Nakdan (JE | ) -- See M945: Moses ben Yom-&#7788;ob
 * 12) Moses Naphtali Hirsch Ribkas (JE | ) -- See R269: Ribkas, Moses
 * 13) Moses Nathan ben Judah (JE | ) Liturgical poet of the fourteenth century; perhaps identical with the Catalonian parnas Moses Nathan, who was still living...
 * 14) Moses Navarro (JE | ) -- See M914: Navarro, Moses
 * 15) Moses b. Noah Isaac Lipsch& (JE | ) -- See M915: Lipsch&#220;tz, Moses b. Noah Isaac
 * 16) Moses of Palermo (JE | ) Sicilian translator from the Arabic into Latin; lived in the second half of the thirteenth century. According to a document...
 * 17) Moses of Paris (JE | ) Exegete; lived in the middle of the twelfth century. According to Gross, he is identical with Moses ben Jehiel ben Mattathiah...
 * 18) Moses of Pavia (JE | ) Italian scholar of the eleventh century. According to Kaufmann, he is identical with the teacher Moses of Pavia, who, about...
 * 19) Moses Saerteles (Saertels) b. Issachar ha-Levi (JE | ) Exegete; lived at Prague in the first half of the seventeenth century. His name is a matronymic from "Sarah." He published...
 * 20) Moses ben Samuel ben Asher (JE | ) French Talmudist; flourished at Perpignan in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Both Moses and his father possessed...

921 – 940

 * 1) Moses b. Samuel of Roquemaure (JE | ) Physician and translator of the fourteenth century; lived at Avignon, Toledo, and Seville. At Toledo he wrote a poem, before...
 * 2) Moses ibn Tibbon JE (JE | ) -- See I52: Ibn Tibbon
 * 3) Moses b. Samuel Zuriel (JE | ) -- See Z167: Zuriel, Moses b. Samuel
 * 4) Sason Mordecai Moses (JE | ) Turkish cabalist and Talmudist; born, 1747; lived in Bagdad, where he died in the year 1831. He was the author of: "&#7730...
 * 5) Moses Shedel (JE | ) -- See M925: Shedel, Moses
 * 6) Moses b. Shem-Tob (JE | ) -- See L201: Leon, Moses de
 * 7) Moses b. Shemaiah (JE | ) Scholar and preacher in the latter part of the seventeenth century. He was the author of a commentary on the Pentateuch, containing...
 * 8) Moses ben Shneor (JE | ) -- See M860: Moses of Evreux
 * 9) Silas Meyer Moses (JE | ) President of the Bank of Bombay; second son of M. S. Moses; born in Bombay Nov. 23, 1845. He was educated in that city, and...
 * 10) Moses ben Simhah of Lutsk (JE | ) Karaite scholar of the first half of the eighteenth century; father of Simchah Isaac, author of the "Orach &#7826...
 * 11) Moses of Smolensk (JE | ) Russian engraver of the twelfth century. In a collection of documents published by Professor Kunik of the Russian Academy...
 * 12) Moses Sofer (JE | ) -- See S364: Schreiber, Moses
 * 13) Moses (Levi) b. Solomon of Beaucaire (JE | ) French writer; lived at Salon in the early part of the fourteenth century. He was the teacher of Kalonymus b. Kalonymus of...
 * 14) Moses b. Solomon d& (JE | ) -- See G165: Gerondi
 * 15) Moses ben Solomon ha-Kohen Ashkenazi (JE | ) German tosafist; lived at Mayence in the twelfth century. It appears, however, that Moses was a native of France ("Or Zarua&#39...
 * 16) Moses ben Solomon of Salerno (JE | ) Italian philosopher and commentator of the thirteenth century. Between 1240 and 1250 he wrote a commentary on Maimonides&#39...
 * 17) Moses ben Solomon ben Simeon of Burgos (JE | ) Spanish cabalist of the thirteenth century; pupil of Jacob ha-Kohen of Provence. Hebrew manuscript No. 1565, 8 in the Bodleian...
 * 18) Moses Taku of Tachau (JE | ) See Taku, Moses b. &#7716;asdai.
 * 19) Moses ben Todros (JE | ) Spanish rabbi; lived about 1150. He was for many years nasi of Narbonne, and was both prominent as a scholar and well known...
 * 20) Moses Di Trani (JE | ) -- See T294: Trani

941 – 960

 * 1) Moses Uri b. Joseph ha-Levi (JE | ) Rabbi at Emden and one of the founders of the Spanish-Portuguese community at Amsterdam; born 1544, probably at Wittmund;...
 * 2) Moses Wallich (JE | ) -- See W28: Wallich
 * 3) Moses of Worms (JE | ) Legendary rabbi of the eleventh century; reputed to have been the greatest magician and necromancer of his time (Tritheim...
 * 4) Moses ibn Yahya (JE | ) -- See M944: Ya&#7717;ya, Moses ibn
 * 5) Moses ben Yom-Tob (JE | ) English Masorite and grammarian. He is quoted by Moses ben Isaac as his teacher ("Sefer ha-Shoham," ed. Collins, p. 37), and...
 * 6) Moses Zacuto (JE | ) -- See M946: Zacuto (Zakuto), Moses
 * 7) Moses Zarah Eidlitz (JE | ) -- See E90: Eidlitz, Moses Zarah
 * 8) Moses Zeeb Wolf ben Eliezer (JE | ) Lithuanian rabbi of the beginning of the nineteenth century; born at Grodno; died at Byelostok. He was at first head of the...
 * 9) Aaron ben Moses Mosessohn (JE | ) German rabbi; born probably in Glogau; died at Ansbach, Bavaria, 1780; was a descendant of the Zebi family (see Br&#252...
 * 10) Miriam Mosessohn (Markel) JE (JE | ) Russian-Hebrew authoress; born at Kovno 1841. At the age of thirteen she removed with her parents to Suwalki, where she continued...
 * 11) Henry Mosler (JE | ) American genre painter; born in New York city June 6, 1841. He was taken to Cincinnati when a child and began to study art...
 * 12) Lucien Moss (JE | ) American philanthropist; born at Philadelphia May 25, 1831; died there April 19, 1895; eldest son of Eliezer L., and grandson...
 * 13) Mary Moss (JE | ) American authoress; born at Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa., Sept. 24, 1864. Since 1902 she has been a prolific contributor...
 * 14) Benjamin Mosse (JE | ) Rabbi of Avignon, France; born at Nimes Dec. 8, 1832; died at Marseilles July 24, 1892. Mosse was the founder of the monthly...
 * 15) Markus Mosse JE (JE | ) German physician; born Aug. 3, 1808, at Gr&#228;tz, in the province of Posen; died there Nov. 10, 1865. On account of his...
 * 16) Rudolf Mosse JE (JE | ) German publisher and philanthropist; son of Dr. Markus Moses; born May 8, 1843, at Gr&#228;tz, Posen. He began his career...
 * 17) Hayyim Nissim Raphael Mossiri (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical writer; died about 1800 at Jerusalem, whither he had gone from Salonica. He was the author of "Be&#39;er...
 * 18) Mostar (JE | ) Capital of the district of Mostar, in the province of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austria. It had in 1895 a total population of...
 * 19) Mosul (JE | ) Town of Asiatic Turkey; situated 220 miles northwest of Bagdad, on the right bank of the Tigris; capital of the province of...
 * 20) Moritz Moszkowski (JE | ) German pianist and composer; born Aug. 23, 1854, at Breslau, where he received his early musical education. After a further...

961 – 980

 * 1) Abraham ben Jacob of Salonica Motal (JE | ) Turkish rabbi of the seventeenth century; born about 1568; died in 1658. He was a pupil of R. Samuel &#7716;ayyun, author...
 * 2) Benjamin b. Abraham of Constantinople Motal (JE | ) Turkish scholar of the first half of the seventeenth century. He is said to have been an exceptional grammarian and to have...
 * 3) Motazilites; Motekallamin (JE | ) -- See A1688: Arabic Philosophy
 * 4) Moth (JE | ) -- See I151: Insects
 * 5) Mother (JE | ) Although the father was considered the head of the family among the Hebrews of old, and the mother therefore occupied an inferior...
 * 6) Samuel ben Sa& (JE | ) Spanish commentator and translator; lived in the second half of the fourteenth century in Guadalajara, where he probably was...
 * 7) Simeon ben Moses ben Simeon Motot (JE | ) Jewish mathematician of the fifteenth century; probably lived in Lombardy. No Jewish author mentions him, nor is anything...
 * 8) Emanuel de La Motta (JE | ) Early settler in South Carolina; born in the Spanish West Indies Jan. 5, 1761; died May 15, 1821. His family is said to have...
 * 9) Jacob de La Motta (JE | ) American physician; son of Emanuel de la Motta; born about 1789; died at Charleston, S. C., Feb. 13, 1845. He studied medicine...
 * 10) Mountain Jews (JE | ) -- See C279: Caucasus
 * 11) Mourners of Zion (JE | ) -- See A227: Abele Zion
 * 12) Mourning (JE | ) Manifestation of sorrow and grief over the loss, by death or otherwise, of a relative, a friend, an honored leader or prophet...
 * 13) Mouse (JE | ) An animal enumerated among the unclean "creeping things" in Lev. xi. 29. In I Sam. vi., where the reference is to the mice...
 * 14) Movable Property (JE | ) -- See P552: Property
 * 15) Mstislavl (JE | ) District town in the government of Moghilef, Russia. A Jewish community existed here in the sixteenth century. There is reason...
 * 16) Mu& (JE | ) Rabbi in Constantinople in the middle of the seventeenth century. He wrote "Yashir Mosheh" (Leghorn, 1655; Amsterdam, 1735)...
 * 17) Abu al-Bayan ibn al-Mudawwar (JE | ) Karaite court physician to the last Egyptian Fatimite califs and later to Saladin, who pensioned him when he was sixty-three...
 * 18) Elias ibn al-Mudawwar (JE | ) Arabic poet and physician; lived at Ronda, probably in the first half of the twelfth century (the year 1184 which Jacobs gives...
 * 19) David Mugnon (JE | ) Spanish scholar and author; died at Venice in 1629. He wrote a work in Spanish entitled "Tratado de la Oracion y Meditacion...
 * 20) Lucien M& (JE | ) French novelist and dramatic critic; born at Paris Aug. 4, 1870; died there Dec. 1, 1902. After completing his studies at...

981 – 1000

 * 1) Yom-Tob Lipmann M& (JE | ) -- See L443: Lipmann-M&#252;hausen, Yom-&#7788;ob ben Solomon
 * 2) Abraham Muhr (JE | ) German philanthropist; born at Berlin April 7, 1781; died at Breslau June 12, 1847. In addition to a thorough course in Hebrew...
 * 3) Julius Muhr (JE | ) German genre painter; born at Plesse, Silesia, June 21, 1819; died at Munich in 1865. He studied first at the Academy of Berlin...
 * 4) Simon Muhr (JE | ) American merchant, manufacturer, and philanthropist; eldest son of Henry Muhr; born at H&#252;rben, Bavaria, April 19, 1845...
 * 5) Samuel M&#252;hsam (JE | ) Austrian rabbi; born at Landsberg, Prussian Silesia, May 22, 1837. He received his education at the gymnasium at Oppeln and...
 * 6) Abu al-Faraj Harun ben al-Faraj al-Mukaddasi (JE | ) -- See A53: Aaron of Jerusalem
 * 7) Mulberry (JE | ) the berry-like fruit of the black or common mulberry (Morus nigra). It is not mentioned in the Hebrew Old Testament, although...
 * 8) Samuel Israel Mulder JE (JE | ) Dutch educationist; born at Amsterdam June 20, 1792; died there Dec. 29, 1862. He was educated by his father and by David...
 * 9) Mule (JE | ) A hybrid between the ass and horse. The Hebrew term is "pered"; feminine, "pirdah." (For "rekesh," which some render by "mule...
 * 10) M& (JE | ) City in Alsace. Its Jewish community is of comparatively recent foundation. In 1784 there were no Jews in M&#252;lhausen,...
 * 11) David Heinrich M& (JE | ) Austrian Orientalist; born July 6, 1846, at Buczacz, Galicia. He studied in Vienna, Leipsic, Strasburg, and Berlin, and became...
 * 12) Gabriel M&#252;ller (JE | ) Dayyan at Mattersdorf, Hungary; born Oct. 3, 1836, at Nadas. He received much of his education in his father&#39;s (&#7716...
 * 13) Joel M& (JE | ) German rabbi and Talmudist; born 1827 at Ungarisch-Ostra, Moravia; died at Berlin Nov. 6, 1895. He received a thorough Talmudic...
 * 14) Munah (JE | ) -- See A717: Accents in Hebrew
 * 15) Abu al-Faraj ibn Shadakah Munajja (JE | ) Samaritan writer; lived in the twelfth century, probably at Damascus. His father was a renowned poet (whence the son&#39;s...
 * 16) M& (JE | ) Town in the province of Hanover, Prussia. Its Jews are first mentioned in the sixteenth century. When Duke Heinrich the Younger...
 * 17) Munich (JE | ) Capital of Bavaria, Germany. It has (1904) a total population of 499,959, including 8,739 Jews. When Jews first went there...
 * 18) Moses Munius (JE | ) French rabbi; said to be a descendant of L&#246;we ben Bezaleel; born 1760 at Mutzig; died May, 1842, at Rixheim. On finishing...
 * 19) Eduard Munk JE (JE | ) German philologist; born Jan. 14, 1803, at Gross Glogau; died there May 3, 1871; cousin of Salomon Munk. He studied from 1822...
 * 20) Hermann Munk (JE | ) German physiologist; born at Posen Feb. 3, 1839; brother of Immanuel Munk; educated at the universities of Berlin and G&#246...