Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/P1

1 – 20

 * 1) Pablo Alvaro JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See B1229: Bodo
 * 2) Pablo Christian (JE | ) -- See C488: Christiani, Pablo
 * 3) Pacific Messenger (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 4) Pacifico case (JE | ) An affair arising out of a claim made on the Greek government by one David Pacifico, commonly known as "Don ......
 * 5) Padan-aram (JE | ) the first element in the word is variously explained as meaning "road" or "field," "yoke," and "plow." It may indicate ......
 * 6) Paderborn S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Town in the province of Westphalia, Prussia. The presence of Jews there is first mentioned in 1606, when the diet ......
 * 7) Elishama Meïr Padovani (JE | ) Italian Talmudist of the eighteenth century; born in Modena; died at Padua 1830. He was educated and first served as ......
 * 8) Padua >> History of the Jews in Padua (JE | ) City of upper Italy, 22 miles west of Venice, on the Bacchiglione; capital of the province of the same name. ......
 * 9) Padua S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See M303: Ma&#7827;lia&#7717;, Judah b. Abraham Padova
 * 10) Jacob Meïr Padua (JE | ) Russian rabbi; born in Brest-Litovsk; died there Dec. 12, 1854. He was a descendant of the Katzenellenbogen family which had ......
 * 11) Paganism >> Jewish Views of Paganism (JE | ) -- See G142: Gentile
 * 12) Hans Pagay (JE | ) Austrian actor; born at Vienna Nov. 11, 1845. His father was a broker, and destined his son for the same ......
 * 13) Josephine Pagay (JE | ) Austrian actress; born at Vienna; died at Berlin Nov. 18, 1892. She made her first appearance at the age of ......
 * 14) Julius Leopold Pagel JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) German physician and medical writer; born at Pollnow, Pomerania, May 29, 1851; educated at the gymnasium at Stolp and at ......
 * 15) Angelo Paggi (JE | ) Italian Hebraist; born at Sienna May 4, 1789; died at Florence June 7, 1867. He received his Hebrew training under ......
 * 16) Jews in Pahlavi Literature (JE | ) the Pahlavi or Middle Persian literature, extending approximately from the third to the tenth century C.E., is devoted mainly to ......
 * 17) Painting >> Jewish Painting (JE | ) the art least developed among the Hebrews. If it is borne in mind that painting was affected by the Mosaic ......
 * 18) De Paiva (Family) (De Payba (family) (JE | ) Spanish Marano family of Amsterdam, with some members in Mexico.Abraham de Paiva: Poet; lived in Amsterdam about 1687. A Spanish ......
 * 19) La Paix (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 20) Paks Conference (JE | ) Meeting of rabbis held Aug. 20 and 21, 1844, at the town of Paks, Hungary. The discussions in the Hungarian ......

21 – 40

 * 1) Biblical Palaces or Palaces in the Bible (JE | ) the Hebrews learned from the Phenicians the art of erecting large buildings having several rooms. David's palace was built by ......
 * 2) Samuel Palache (JE | ) Moroccan envoy sent by the King of Morocco to the Netherlands about 1591; subsequently acted as consul there; died at ......
 * 3) Abraham Palággi (Abraham Falaji) (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical author; born at Smyrna in 1809; died there 1899; son of ?ayyim Palaggi. On the death of his ......
 * 4) Chayyim Palaggi JE (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical author; born at Smyrna 1788; died there 1869; maternal grandson of Joseph b. ?ayyim Hazan, author of "?i?re ......
 * 5) Ludwig Palágyi (JE | ) Hungarian poet; born at Becse April 15, 1866; educated privately by his father, a former public school-teacher, and by his ......
 * 6) Melchior Palágyi S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Hungarian writer; born at Paks Dec. 26, 1859. He received his primary instruction from his father, and then attended the ......
 * 7) Pale of Settlement S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) A portion of Russia in which Jews are allowed to reside. Unlike other Russian subjects, the Jewish inhabitants do not ......
 * 8) Palencia >> History of the Jews in Palencia (JE | ) Capital of the province of Palencia, Spain, situated between Burgos and Valladolid. A large and wealthy Jewish community settled here ......
 * 9) Paleography S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Besides a certain number of pagan inscriptions mentioning Jewish affairs, about 500 texts referring directly to persons professing the Jewish ......
 * 10) Palermo >> History of the Jews in Palermo (JE | ) Capital of the island of Sicily; situated on the northern coast. Its Jewish community dates from the Roman period. Under ......
 * 11) Palestine S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The portion of Syria which was formerly the possession of the Israelites. It includes the whole of the country between ......
 * 12) Holiness of Palestine (JE | ) the sacredness of Palestine in the esteem of the Jews is partly accounted for by the fact that it was ......
 * 13) Laws and Customs Relating to Palestine (Mitzvot ha-Teluyot ba'Aretz) >> Laws and customs of the Land of Israel in Judaism JE (JE | ) Special laws, operative only in the Holy Land, are called "mitzwot ha-teluyot ba-aretz," and may be classified as follows: (1) ......
 * 14) Palestinian Talmud S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See T32: Talmud
 * 15) John Paley (JE | ) American journalist; born Feb. 6, 1871, at Radoszkowice, government of Wilna, Russia. After receiving the usual education, he attended the ......
 * 16) Francis Palgrave (Francis Cohen) S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) English historian; born in London July, 1788; died there July 6, 1861; son of Meyer Cohen, a member of the ......
 * 17) Joseph Hirsh Palitschinetzki (JE | ) Biblical scholar; born 1805; died at Berdychev Feb. 27, 1886. He was instructor in the Bible in the rabbinical seminary ......
 * 18) Palm S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) An evergreen tree growing in tropical climates in a dry atmosphere. The term for it, common to the Aramaic, Ethiopic, ......
 * 19) Palma >> History of the Jews in Palma (JE | ) Capital of the Spanish island of Majorca. As early as the Moorish period Jews were living in Almudayna, the most ......
 * 20) Palmyra S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Latin name of a city in a well-watered oasis of the Syrian desert, five days' journey from the Euphrates, between ......

41 – 60

 * 1) Palti S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Name borne by two persons mentioned in the Old Testament; probably an abbreviation, or corruption, of Paltiel. 1. Son of ......
 * 2) Paltiel UNR (JE | ) Vizier to the Egyptian califs al-Mu'izz and 'Abd al-Mansur; lived in the second half of the tenth century. The Chronicle ......
 * 3) Paltiya of Naweh (Pelatya of Naweh) (JE | ) Palestinian haggadist of the third century. He is cited but once, as author of a derashah. The haggadists consider the ......
 * 4) Paltoi ben Abayi (JE | ) Gaon of Pumbedita from 842 to 858. He was the first of a series of prominent geonim at that academy, ......
 * 5) Pamiers >> History of the Jews in Pamiers (JE | ) One of the principal towns of the department of Ariège, France. A Jewish community existed here in the twelfth century. ......
 * 6) Pamplona >> History of the Jews in Pamplona (JE | ) Capital and oldest city of the kingdom of Navarra, Spain. Next to Tudela, it possessed the most important Jewish community. ......
 * 7) Taube Pan (JE | ) Judæo-German authoress of the sixteenth century; lived in the Prague ghetto at the time of Mordecai Meisel; daughter of R. ......
 * 8) Panama >> History of the Jews in Panama (JE | ) -- See S990: South and Central America
 * 9) Paneas S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) See Caesarea Philippi. ......
 * 10) Ezekiel Panet (JE | ) Hungarian rabbi; born 1783 at Bielitz, Silesia; died Nisan 20, 1845, at Karlsburg, Transylvania. He studied in the yeshibah of ......
 * 11) Panzieri >> Shabbethai Panzieri JE (JE | ) Portuguese family members of which are met with in Constantinople and Rome from the sixteenth century. The family is still ......
 * 12) Betty Paoli (Barbara Elisabeth Glück) (JE | ) Austrian poetess; born at Vienna Dec. 30, 1814; died at Baden, near Vienna, July 5, 1894. Her father, a physician, ......
 * 13) Papa (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the fifth generation; born about 300; died 375; pupil of Raba and Abaye. After the death of ......
 * 14) Paper and Papyrus S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See M164: Manuscripts
 * 15) Abraham Jacob Paperna JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Russian educator and author; born at Kopyl, government of Minsk, 1840. He received a fair education, including the study of ......
 * 16) Eliezer ben Isaac Papo (JE | ) Bulgarian rabbi and author; born in Sarajevo, Bosnia; died in 1824. He held the office of rabbi in Silistria, Bulgaria, ......
 * 17) Pappenheim >> History of the Jews in Pappenheim (JE | ) Small town in Mittelfranken, containing one of the oldest Jewish communities in Bavaria. The statement of Stern-Neubauer that the word ......
 * 18) Israel Hirsch Pappenheim (JE | ) Representative of the Bavarian Jews and champion of their emancipation; born at Munich; died there Sept. 8, 1837. He was ......
 * 19) Simon Pappenheim (JE | ) German writer; born at Dembiohammer 1773; died at Ratibor Aug. 6, 1840. He at first supported himself as a private ......
 * 20) Solomon Pappenheim (JE | ) German scholar; born Feb. 2, 1740, at Zülz, Silesia; died March 4 or 5, 1814, at Breslau; son of Associate ......

61 – 80

 * 1) Pappos ben Judah (JE | ) Haggadist of the first half of the second century; contemporary and fellow prisoner of Akiba. At the time of the ......
 * 2) Pappus S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Leader of a rebellion under Emperor Hadrian (117-138). He is always mentioned together with Luliani, who was probably his brother ......
 * 3) Parable S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) A short religious allegory. That the Hebrew designation for "parable" is "mashal" (comp. David ?im?i's commentary on II Sam. xii. ......
 * 4) Paraclete S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Rabbinical term adopted from the Greek ?????????? (= "advocate," "intercessor"): Targumic translation of V09p514003.jpg (Job xvi. 20, xxxiii. 23): "He ......
 * 5) Paradise S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The word "paradise" is probably of Persian origin. It occurs but three times in the Old Testament, namely, in Cant. ......
 * 6) Parah S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Name of a treatise in the Mishnah and the Tosefta, included in the order ?ohorot. The Pentateuchal law (Num. xix.) ......
 * 7) Parallelism in Hebrew Poetry (JE | ) It is now generally conceded that parallelism is the fundamental law, not only of the poetical, but even of the ......
 * 8) Paran S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Desert, corresponding to the present Badiyyat al-Tih, bounded on the north by the Jabal al-Makhrah, on the south by the ......
 * 9) Parashah S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) A section of the Pentateuch. The Sephardim apply the word to each of the fifty-four weekly lessons into which the ......
 * 10) Parashiyyot S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Besides the weekly lesson or parashah that is read from the scroll of the Law every Sabbath, there is sometimes ......
 * 11) Pardo S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) A family deriving its name from Prado in Castile. Its members have mostly distinguished themselves in the Levant. Among them ......
 * 12) Parents S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See F63: Father
 * 13) Asher ben Jacob Parenzo (JE | ) Hebrew printer in Venice from 1580 to 1600; brother of the printer Meïr b. Jacob. He was employed by Giovanni ......
 * 14) Cesare Parenzo (JE | ) Italian senator and deputy; born at Rovigo 1839; died at Nervi, near Genoa, April 15, 1898. He studied law, but ......
 * 15) Parchi (JE | ) See Far?i. ......
 * 16) Solomon ben Abraham ibn Parchon JE (JE | ) Spanish philologist of the twelfth century; a native of Ḳal'ah (Ḳal'at Ayyub, Calatayud), Aragon. In the preface to his lexicon ......
 * 17) Paris >> History of the Jews in Paris (JE | ) Capital city of France. There were Jews in Paris prior to the date of the Frankish invasion. The councils of ......
 * 18) Elias Parish-Alvars (JE | ) English harpist and composer; born at Teignmouth, England, Feb. 28, 1810; died at Vienna Jan. 25, 1849; a pupil of ......
 * 19) Parma >> History of the Jews in Parma (JE | ) Italian city, formerly capital of the duchy of the same name; the seat of an ancient Jewish community. When the ......
 * 20) Parnas S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Neo-Hebraic word designating the president or the trustee of a congregation. It is found in the Targum as the equivalent ......

81 – 100

 * 1) Parody S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) A composition either in verse or in prose, modeled more or less closely on an original work, or class of ......
 * 2) Paronomasia S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See A1266: Alliteration
 * 3) Parsa S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See W81: Weights and Measures
 * 4) Parshandatha (JE | ) the first-born son of Haman (Esth. ix. 7). In the twelfth century the name obtained a literary meaning. It was ......
 * 5) Joseph Parsi (JE | ) Mathematician; flourished toward the end of the fifteenth century. All that isknown of him is that he was the author ......
 * 6) Parties to Action (JE | ) -- See P538: Procedure
 * 7) Partition S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See J382: Joint Owners
 * 8) Partnership S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The word "shotefin" is used in the Mishnah almost always to denote joint owners, especially of land. In the language ......
 * 9) Partridge S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) This bird is mentioned only in I Sam. xxvi. 20 (LXX., ?????????? = "kos" = "owl") and Jer. xvii. 11.The ......
 * 10) Party Lines and Party Walls (JE | ) -- See B1368: Boundaries
 * 11) Paschal Sacrifice JE (JE | ) -- See P99: Passover Sacrifice
 * 12) Wolf Pascheles JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Austrian publisher; born at Prague May 11, 1814; died there Nov. 22, 1857. The son of needy parents, he gained ......
 * 13) Heinrich Paschkis (JE | ) Austrian pharmacologist; born at Nikolsburg, Moravia, March 21, 1849; educated at Vienna University (M.D. 1872). He was appointed assistant at ......
 * 14) Pashur S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Son of Immer the priest. He attacked Jeremiah on account of his prophecies of calamity and put him in the ......
 * 15) Aaron de Pass (JE | ) South-African pioneer; together with his brother Elias de Pass, he was connected with Cape Colony from the year 1846. His ......
 * 16) Passau >> History of the Jews in Passau (JE | ) Town of eastern Bavaria. Jews were settled here toward the end of the twelfth century, when they were under the ......
 * 17) Ugo Passigli (JE | ) Italian physician; born at Sienna Dec. 14, 1867; studied medicine at the Reale Istituto di Studi Superiori, Florence, and is ......
 * 18) Passover S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The Biblical account connects the term with the root V09p548003.jpg (= "to pass by," "to spare"; Ex. xii. 13, 23, ......
 * 19) Passover Sacrifice JE (JE | ) the sacrifice which the Israelites offered at the command of God during the night before the Exodus from Egypt, and ......
 * 20) Leonid Osipovich Pasternak S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Russian painter; born at Odessa, 1862, of well-to-do parents. According to a family tradition, he is descended on his father's ......

101 – 120

 * 1) Pastoreaux (JE | ) French religious fanatics of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. In the year 1251 an unknown man, called "Le Maître de ......
 * 2) Pasuch (JE | ) Passive participle of the Aramaic word "pesa?" (to cut off), meaning a section or division. It is, however, used almost ......
 * 3) Pater Synagogae (JE | ) Title occurring frequently in the inscriptions of the Jewish catacombs at Rome. According to Berliner ("Gesch. der Juden in Rom," ......
 * 4) Paternity S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Fatherhood. Doubtful paternity involves not only the right of inheritance, but also, if the father be a kohen, the claim ......
 * 5) Paterson, New Jersey >> History of the Jews in Paterson, New Jersey (JE | ) Manufacturing city in the state of New Jersey; center of the silk industry in the United States. It has attracted ......
 * 6) Pathology S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See M325: Medicine
 * 7) Patiency (JE | ) the Hebrew Scriptures have many words for "patience," corresponding to the varied meanings of this complex virtue; e.g., "erek af" ......
 * 8) Patriachy in Judaism (Patriarchal family and authority) (JE | ) -- See F33: Family and Family Life
 * 9) The Patriarchs (JE | ) As early as the Biblical period Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are nearly always invoked together. God remembers the covenant which ......
 * 10) Patricius S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Leader of the Jews against the Romans in the fourth century. When the Jews in Palestine were severely oppressed by ......
 * 11) Patrimony S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See I140: Inheritance
 * 12) Patriotism S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Love for and devotion to one's country. The word is not used in the Hebrew Scriptures; but the virtue of ......
 * 13) Benjamin Dias Patto (Benjamin Dias Pato) (JE | ) Spanish ?akam and preacher; killed April, 1664; son of Jacob Dias Pato, and a pupil of Saul Levi Morteira, whose ......
 * 14) Samson Gomez Patto (JE | ) Member of the college of rabbis in Jerusalem in the eighteenth century. In 1705 he approved the work "Peri ?a-dash" ......
 * 15) Paul de Burgos JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Spanish archbishop; born at Burgos about 1351; died Aug. 29, 1435. His father, Isaac ha-Levi, had come from Aragon or ......
 * 16) Paul de Santa Maria S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See P115: Paul de Burgos
 * 17) Paul of Tarsus S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See S283: Saul of Tarsus
 * 18) Holger Paulli (Oliger Pauli) (JE | ) Danish religious fanatic; born in Copenhagen 1644; died there Aug., 1714. Of his early life little is known except that ......
 * 19) Paulus of Prague (Elhanan ben Menahem) (JE | ) Convert to Christianity; born apparently at Kholm (Chelm), Poland, about 1540; died at Prague about the end of the sixteenth ......
 * 20) Paupers S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See C371: Charity

121 – 140

 * 1) Pavia >> History of the Jews in Pavia (JE | ) Italian city, situated on the River Ticino; the chief city of the province of Pavia. The first indication of the ......
 * 2) Angelo Pavia (JE | ) Italian deputy and lawyer; born at Venice Feb. 24, 1858. He is (1904) district attorney for the province of Como. ......
 * 3) Julius da Pavia (Lulllus da Pavia) (JE | ) Italian scholar of the eighth century; one of the first European Jews known by name. According to Alcuin, he sustained ......
 * 4) Eugenia Pavia-Gentilomo-Fortis (JE | ) Italian poetess; born at Milan Jan. 4, 1822; died at Asolo, near Treviso, Dec. 30, 1893. She was a pupil ......
 * 5) Pawnbrokers S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See P370: Pledges
 * 6) Duarte de Paz (JE | ) Portuguese Marano; representative of and attorney for his Portuguese coreligionists; died about 1541. He was a skilful diplomat but a ......
 * 7) Enrique Enriquez de Paz (JE | ) -- See G346: Gomez, Antonio Enriquez
 * 8) Peh (JE | ) Seventeenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Its name appears to be connected with "peh" = "mouth" (see Alphabet). "Pe" has ......
 * 9) Peace S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The primary meaning of the word is "prosperity," "health" (Jer. xxix. 7; Job xv. 21 [A. V. "prosperity"]; Isa. xlviii. ......
 * 10) Kiss of Peace (JE | ) Sacramental rite in the Christian Church, preceding the mass or communion service. It appears to be referred to in Rom. ......
 * 11) Peace Offering JE (JE | ) There are three kinds of peace-offering: (1) the thank-offering (V09p566001.jpg); (2) the votive-offering (V09p566002.jpg); and (3) the free-will offering (V09p566003.jpg). ......
 * 12) Peach S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) This fruit and the plum (V09p568003.jpg; Prunus domestica) are mentioned only in late times: the former in the Mishnah (Kil. ......
 * 13) Peacock S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Traditional rendering of "tukkiyyim," mentioned among the creatures brought by Solomon's ships from Tarshish (I Kings x. 22). The peacock ......
 * 14) Pe'ah S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Name of a treatise of the Mishnah, the Tosefta, and the Palestinian Talmud, defining the laws set forth in Lev. ......
 * 15) Pear S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The pear is mentioned in the Talmud (see Löw, "Aramäische Pflanzennamen," p. 152). It does not seem to have been ......
 * 16) Pearl S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Since ancient times the precious product of the pearl-oyster (Mytilus margaritifer Linn.) has been known and has been an article ......
 * 17) Feodosi Pecherski (JE | ) Russian saint of the eleventh century (1057-74). According to the so-called Nestorian chronicles, while superior of the Kiev monastery he ......
 * 18) Pécs >> History of the Jews in Pecs (or in Fünfkirchen) (JE | ) Royal free city in the county of Baranya, Hungary. The few Jewish families which had settled there toward the end ......
 * 19) Peculiar People S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See C478: Chosen People
 * 20) Pedagogics S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The science of education. The fundamental law of Biblical pedagogy is that the child should be instructed in the doctrines ......

141 – 160

 * 1) Pedat ben Eleazar (JE | ) Palestinian amora of the fourth generation (first half of the fourth century). He was his father's pupil (Ber. 77b; M. ......
 * 2) Pedigree (Onomastics on Judaism and Jewish history) S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Table of descent and relationship; sometimes given in narrative form. Jews have always carefully recorded their genealogies (see article), but ......
 * 3) Pedlers (JE | ) -- See H381: Hawkers and Pedlers
 * 4) Pedro I S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) King of Portugal (1357-67). This monarch, whose motto was "What the soul is to the body, justice is to the ......
 * 5) Pedro II S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) King of Aragon (1196-1213). Inspired with a desire to receive his kingly crown from the pontiff himself, he journeyed in ......
 * 6) Pedro II (Pedro d'Alcantara) S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Emperor of Brazil; born Dec. 2, 1825; died at Paris Dec. 5, 1891. He succeeded his father, Pedro I., and ......
 * 7) Pedro III S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) King of Aragon (1276-85). Although Pedro III. protected the Jews from the hatred of the clergy, who destroyed their vineyards ......
 * 8) Pedro IV S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) King of Aragon (1336-87). During the whole of his long reign he showed himself just toward the Jews in his ......
 * 9) Pedro de la Caballeria (JE | ) -- See C2: Caballeria, De la
 * 10) Pedro de Luna S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See B688: Benedict
 * 11) Pedro de Toledo (JE | ) Viceroy of Naples; friend and protector of the Jews; he employed (c. 1530) Don Samuel Abravanel, the youngest son of ......
 * 12) Peg S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See T139: Tent
 * 13) Pechah (JE | ) An office, based upon a Babylonian model, and which existed in Palestine as early as the Biblical period, being mentioned, ......
 * 14) Peine >> History of the Jews in Peine (JE | ) German town in the province of Hanover. It belonged formerly to the bishopric of Hildesheim. Jews lived there as early ......
 * 15) Peirins (JE | ) -- See D81: Dauphin&#233;
 * 16) Raphael ben Jacob Peiser (JE | ) Rabbi of Peisern in the eighteenth century. He was the author of the "Or la-Yesharim" or "En Ya'a?ob," containing novellæ ......
 * 17) Simon ben Judah Löb Peiser (JE | ) Rabbi in Lissa; born at Peisern, Poland, about 1690. He was the author of "Na?alat Shim'oni," an important work of ......
 * 18) Peixotto (JE | ) American Jewish family, originally from Spain, whence members thereof migrated by way of Holland to Curaçao, in the West Indies. ......
 * 19) Pekah (JE | ) Son of Remaliah and a king of Israel in the period of anarchy between the fall of the dynasty of ......
 * 20) Pekahiah S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) King of Israel in succession to his father (736-735 B.C.), according to P. Rost in Schrader, "K. A. T." 3d ......

161 – 180

 * 1) Pelethites S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See C426: Cherethites
 * 2) Pelican S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Unclean bird mentioned in Lev. xi. 18 and Deut. xiv. 17. Reference to its habit of living in ruins and ......
 * 3) Samuel Hirsh Peltin (JE | ) Polish author; born at Mariampol, government of Suwalki, May, 1831; died at Warsaw Sept. 30, 1896. In his youth he ......
 * 4) Pen S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) An instrument for writing. The older expressions for "writing," which later occur as archaisms in lofty speech, mean "to cut ......
 * 5) Raymund de Peñaforte S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Chaplain to Pope Alexander IV.; grand master of the Dominican order until 1240; confessor of James I. of Aragon; lived ......
 * 6) Penalties S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See F145: Fines and Forfeiture
 * 7) Peniel (JE | ) Place mentioned three times in the Old Testament. It was situated on the western bank of the Jordan, near the ......
 * 8) Solomon ben Abraham Peniel (JE | ) Scholar of unknown date and place. He was the author of a work entitled "Or 'Enayim," on the influence of ......
 * 9) Penini (JE | ) -- See B491: Bedersi
 * 10) Penitence S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See R216: Repentance
 * 11) Penitential Days REF:JE (JE | ) the first ten days of Tishri, beginning with the Day of Memorial (New-Year) and ending with the Day of Atonement. ......
 * 12) Pennsylvania >> History of the Jews in Pennsylvania JE (JE | ) One of the original thirteen states of the American Union; named after William Penn, who received a grant of the ......
 * 13) Abraham Penso (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical author; lived at Sarajevo, Bosnia, at the end of the eighteenth century; pupil of David Pardo. Penso was ......
 * 14) Joseph Penso S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Merchant, poet, and philanthropist; born at Espejo, Spain, about 1650; died at Amsterdam Nov. 13, 1692. He was the son ......
 * 15) Pentapolis S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The five Sodomite cities Adamah, Gomorrah, Sodom, Zeboim, and Zoar, expressly called "Pentapolis" in Wisdom x. 6.2. The five Philistine ......
 * 16) Pentateuch - ours simply redirects to Tora - (JE | ) the five books of Moses. The word is a Greek adaptation of the Hebrew expression "?amishshah ?umshe ha-Torah" (five-fifths of ......
 * 17) Pentecost (Shavuot) S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Name given by the Greek-speaking Jews to the festival which occurred fifty days (? ??????????, sc. ????? = "?ag ?amishshim ......
 * 18) Peor S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Mountain in the plains of Zophim, overlooking Jeshimon, where Balak took Balaam to induce him to curse Israel. According to ......
 * 19) Pe'ot (Payot) S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Side-locks worn by Jewish men, especially those of Poland and Russia. Strictly conforming themselves to the Biblical precept in Lev. ......
 * 20) Peraea S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Division of Palestine, extending, according to Josephus ("B. J." iii. 3, � 3), from Macherus in the south to Pella ......

181 – 200

 * 1) Aaron ben Chayyim ha-Kohen Perachyah (JE | ) Rabbi and author; flourished at Salonica in the seventeenth century; a pupil of ?asdai Pera?yah ha-Kohen. He was the author ......
 * 2) Perachyah ben Nissim (JE | ) Tosafist of the second half of the thirteenth century; the author of novellæ on certain Talmudic treatises, some of whichwere ......
 * 3) Pereda (JE | ) Palestinian amora of the second generation; probably a pupil of R. Ammi, to whom he addressed a halakic question (Men. ......
 * 4) Nahum Abramovich Pereferkovich (JE | ) Russian author and translator; born at Stavropol, Caucasia, in 1871, receiving there his early education. In 1894 he was graduated ......
 * 5) Diego Lopez Pereira (JE | ) -- See A921: Aguilar, Diego d&#39;
 * 6) Jonathan Pereira S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) English physician and medical writer; born in London May 22, 1804; died there Jan. 20, 1853. He was educated at ......
 * 7) Pereire S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) French family of which the following are the most distinguished members:(Jacob) Emile Pereire: French banker; grandson of Jacob Rodrigues Pereire; ......
 * 8) Abraham Peretz (JE | ) Russian financier; friend and contemporary of Nathan Notkin and Nevakhovich. He was a son of the rabbi of Levertov, Galicia, ......
 * 9) Isaac Löb Peretz (JE | ) Writer in Yiddish and Hebrew; born at Samoscz, government of Lublin, May 25, 1851. In the Hebrew school in which ......
 * 10) Abraham Israel Pereyra (JE | ) Spanish writer and philanthropist; born at Madrid; died 1699 at Amsterdam. He went to Venice to escape the persecution of ......
 * 11) Perez S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Marano family of Cordova or Seville, several members of which were victims of the Inquisition in Spain and South America, ......
 * 12) Perez ben Elijah of Corbeil JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) French tosafist; lived at Corbeil in the second half of the thirteenth century; died before 1298, probably in 1295; son ......
 * 13) Perez ben Isaac Cohen Gerondi (JE | ) Cabalist. The surname "Gerondi" is due to an unwarranted deduction by Jellinek ("Beiträge zur Gesch. der Kabbalah," ii. 64), and ......
 * 14) Perez ben Menahem (JE | ) Rabbi at Dreux; took part in his old age in the great synod held before 1160 under the presidency of ......
 * 15) Perfume S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Both fragrant ointments and perfumes ("ro?a?" or "ri??u?im") in general (comp. Incense) were known to the Israelites. There is nothing ......
 * 16) Solomon ben Shalom Pergamenter of Brünn (JE | ) Austrian Hebraist and poet of the earlier part of the nineteenth century. He was the author of "Yesode ha-Lashon," in ......
 * 17) Pergamus (Bergama) S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) City of Asia Minor a few hours distant from Smyrna. Although there are no documents to show that Jews lived ......
 * 18) Gustav Peringer von Lilienblad (JE | ) Christian Orientalist; born 1651; died at Stockholm Jan. 5, 1710; studied under Wagenseil at Altdorf. He was professor of Oriental ......
 * 19) Jewish Periodicals (JE | ) in the broadest meaning of the term Jewish periodicals include all magazines as well as all newspapers which, either because ......
 * 20) Perizzites S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Canaanitish tribe settled in the south of Palestine between Hor and Negeb, although it is not mentioned in the genealogy ......

201 – 220

 * 1) Perjury S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The violation of an oath or solemn promise; solemn assertion of a falsity. While perjury was regarded as one of ......
 * 2) Joseph Perl S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Austrian Maecenas and man of letters; born at Tarnopol, Galicia, 1774; died there Oct. 1, 1839. The son of a ......
 * 3) Max Perlbach (JE | ) German historian; born at Danzig, Prussia, Nov. 4, 1848. He attended the Friedrichs-Gymnasium at Breslau, and studied history at the ......
 * 4) Perles >> Joseph Perles JE (JE | ) A family probably originating in Prague many members of which have been rabbis and scholars.Aaron b. Moses Meïr Perles: Rabbinical ......
 * 5) Issachar Perlhefter (JE | ) Bohemian rabbi and author; died after Sept. 9, 1701. He was a native of Prague and a scion of the ......
 * 6) Eliezer Perlman (JE | ) -- See B642: Ben Judah, Eliezer
 * 7) Pernambuco S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See B1427: Brazil
 * 8) Perpignan >> History of the Jews in Perpignan (JE | ) Ancient capital of the county of Roussillon, now the chief town of the department of Pyrénées-Orientales, France. Jews probably lived ......
 * 9) Pietro Perreau (JE | ) Christian librarian and Oriental scholar; born at Piacenza Oct. 27, 1827; studied in the Alberoni College of his native town ......
 * 10) Persia >> History of the Jews in Persia (History of the Jews in Iran) JE, Persian Jews JE (JE | ) One of the great kingdoms of the ancient world and a country connected in various ways with the history of ......
 * 11) Personal Property S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See P552: Property
 * 12) Pertuis >> History of the Jews in Pertuis (JE | ) Cantonal chief town of the department of Vaucluse, France. Jews were settled there as early as the thirteenth century. According ......
 * 13) Peru >> History of the Jews in Peru (JE | ) -- See S990: South and Central America
 * 14) Perugia >> History of the Jews in Perugia (JE | ) Town in Umbria, Italy. It had a Jewish congregation as early as the fourteenth century. Several Jewish scholars lived there; ......
 * 15) Perushim S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See P252: Pharisees
 * 16) Pesach Haggadah S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See A1034: Haggadah
 * 17) Pesach Peter (JE | ) German baptized Jew of the end of the fourteenth and beginning of the fifteenth century. He charged that the Jews ......
 * 18) Pesach Sheni S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The second Pesa? sacrifice. It was called also "Pesa? ?a?on" (Aramaic, "Pis?a Ze'ira") = "the lesser Pesa?" (R. H. i. ......
 * 19) Pesachim S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Name of a treatise of the Mishnah and the Tosefta in Babli and Yerushalmi, treating chiefly of the regulations in ......
 * 20) Pesakh S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Aramaic word used metaphorically of a (discussion cut short, and employed in rabbinical literature chiefly to denote a decision or ......

221 – 240

 * 1) Moses ben Hayyim ben Shem-Tob Pesante (JE | ) Turkish commentator of the second half of the sixteenth century. He was the author of "Yesha' Elohim," a commentary on ......
 * 2) Pesaro S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Town in the Marches, Italy, formerly belonging to the duchy of Urbino. It has numbered some Jews among its inhabitants ......
 * 3) Aaron Pesaro (JE | ) Author of the work "Toledot Aharon," in which beside every Biblical verse is noted the place where the verse is ......
 * 4) Pesel (JE | ) Usually carved in wood, or hewn in stone, and called "massekah"; the ephod belonged to it as covering, as in ......
 * 5) Peshat S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Term denoting simple Scriptural exegesis, and derived from the verb "pasha?." "Pasha?" in late Biblical Hebrew, as well as in ......
 * 6) Peshitta S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The oldest Syriac translation of both the Old and New Testaments. The term "Peshi?ta" means "the simple one" in distinction ......
 * 7) Pesikta S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See M587: Midrash Haggadah
 * 8) Joseph Pesseles (JE | ) One of the foremost representative Jews of Wilna during the middle and latter part of the eighteenth century. His father, ......
 * 9) Pessimism S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See O109: Optimism and Pessimism
 * 10) Pester Jüdische Zeitung (JE | ) Hungarian political journal in German, issued five times weekly, and printed in Hebrew type. It was founded in 1869 by ......
 * 11) Pestilence S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The dreaded infectious disease frequent in ancient Israel and proving fatal in the majority of cases was probably the bubonic ......
 * 12) Petachyah (JE | ) -- See P236: Pethahiah
 * 13) Peter (Tosafist) S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Tosafist of the twelfth century; pupil of Samuel ben Meir and Jacob Tam. His name occurs in Tos. Gi?. 8a ......
 * 14) Peter of Alexandria (Petrus de Alexandria) S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Italian monk of the fourteenth century; born at Alessandria, Italy. He translated about 1342, at the request of Pope Clement ......
 * 15) Peter the Great S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See R479: Russia
 * 16) Pethahiah ben Jacob ha-Laban (JE | ) Traveler; born at Prague; flourished between 1175 and 1190. He journeyed from Ratisbon (Regensburg) to the East, traveling through Poland, ......
 * 17) Pethor (JE | ) Native city of Balaam. In Num. xxii. 5 it is called the city "by the river," and in Deut. xxiii. ......
 * 18) Petit Guillaume Haguinet (JE | ) -- See R244: Reuchlin
 * 19) Petra S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Capital of Edom in northern Arabia, lying in a rocky valley surrounded by mountains, of which the highest is Mount ......
 * 20) Arbiter Petronius (JE | ) Latin satirist; generally assumed to be a contemporary of Nero. In a fragment he ridicules the Jews, declaring that, even ......

241 – 260

 * 1) Publius Petronius (JE | ) Governor of Syria (39-42); died probably in the reign of Claudius. During his term of office Petronius had frequent opportunities ......
 * 2) Petrus Leonis (JE | ) -- See P307: Pierleoni
 * 3) Pews (JE | ) -- See B1002: Synagogue
 * 4) Peyrehorade >> History of the Jews in Peyrehorade (JE | ) Cantonal chief town of the department of Landes, France. A number of Jews who had been expelled from Spain and ......
 * 5) Pfalzburg >> History of the Jews in Pfalzburg (JE | ) German city in the consistorial district of Metz; formerly in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle and in the consistorial district of ......
 * 6) Johann Pfefferkorn (Joseph Pfefferkorn) JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) German convert to Christianity; born 1469; died after 1521. According to Grätz, he was a butcher by trade and illiterate, ......
 * 7) Pfersee (JE | ) Small locality near Augsburg, where Jews were living at an early date. About 1559 they were under the protection of ......
 * 8) Pforzheim S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) City in the grand duchy of Baden. With this town is connected the earliest reference to Jews in the former ......
 * 9) Phabi (JE | ) High-priestly family which flourished about the period of the fall of the Second Temple.The name, with which may be compared ......
 * 10) Phanagoria S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See T39: Taman
 * 11) Pharaoh S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The term applied in the Old Testament to the kings of Egypt. The word is derived from the Egyptian "pr-'o" ......
 * 12) Pharisees S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Party representing the religious views, practises, and hopes of the kernel of the Jewish people in the time of the ......
 * 13) Pharpar JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) River flowing from Hermon south of Damascus, where it turns to the southeast and flows into the Lakes of the ......
 * 14) Phasael JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Elder brother of Herod the Great. Both Phasael and Herod began their careers under their father, Antipater, who appointed the ......
 * 15) Phasaelis (Phaselus) (JE | ) City in Palestine founded by Herod the Great in honor of his brother Phasael (Phasaelus). It was situated in the ......
 * 16) Phenicia S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) A district of somewhat indefinite limits stretching for about 200 miles along the east coast of the Mediterranean and extending ......
 * 17) Pheroras (JE | ) Son of Antipater and his wife Cypros; died in 5 B.C. (Josephus, "Ant." xvii. 3, § 3; "B. J." i. ......
 * 18) Philadelphia >> History of the Jews in Philadelphia (JE | ) Chief city of Pennsylvania, and the third, in point of population, in the United States. It is supposed that there ......
 * 19) The Philanthropin (JE | ) High school of the Hebrew community of Frankfort-on-the-Main. The institution, which has been in existence since Jan. 1, 1804, was ......
 * 20) Philip S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Son of Herod and Cleopatra of Jerusalem; ruled from 4 B.C. to 34 C.E. When Herod changed his will in ......

261 – 280

 * 1) Philip IV S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) King of Spain; called the "poet king" because he was devoted to poetry and art; born at Valladolid April 8, ......
 * 2) Philip d'Aquinas (JE | ) -- See A1677: Aquin, Philippe d&#39;
 * 3) Philip of Bathyra (JE | ) Son of Jacimus and grandson of Zamaris, both of whom governed the city of Bathyra in Trachonitis. Agrippa II. honored ......
 * 4) Isidor Philipp S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Hungarian pianist; born at Budapest Sept. 2, 1863. He went to Paris at the age of sixteen and entered the ......
 * 5) Édouard Philippe (dramatist) (JE | ) French playwright; born at Paris April 18, 1840. Educated for a commercial career, he was engaged in business for more ......
 * 6) Félix Philippe (JE | ) French army officer; born 1825; died in Paris July 23, 1848. A lieutenant and instructor in artillery in the National ......
 * 7) Léon Gabriel Philippe (JE | ) French engineer; born at Paris Oct. 6, 1838; educated at the Ecole Polytechnique as an engineer of roads and bridges. ......
 * 8) Friedrich Adolf Philippi JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Lutheran theologian; born at Berlin Oct. 15, 1809; died at Rostock Aug. 29, 1882. He was the son of a ......
 * 9) Philippopolis >> History of the Jews in Philippopolis (JE | ) Capital of eastern Rumelia, or southern Bulgaria. Historical data of the early years of its Jewish community are very meager. ......
 * 10) Philippson S 2007-11-07 >> Ludwig Philippson JE, Alfred Philippson JE (JE | ) German family made distinguished by Ludwig Philippson, the founder of the "Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums"; it traces its descent back ......
 * 11) David Philipson (JE | ) American rabbi; born at Wabash, Ind., Aug. 9, 1862; educated at the public schools of Columbus, Ohio, the Hebrew Union ......
 * 12) Philistines S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) A people that occupied territory on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, south-west of Jerusalem, previously to and contemporaneously with ......
 * 13) Phillips S 2007-11-07 >> Jonas Phillips JE (JE | ) American family, especially prominent in New York and Philadelphia, and tracing its descent back to Jonas Phillips, who emigrated from ......
 * 14) Barnet Phillips (JE | ) American journalist; born in Philadelphia Nov. 9, 1828; educated at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, whence he was graduated in ......
 * 15) Benjamin Samuel Phillips (JE | ) Lord mayor of London; born in London in 1811; died there Oct. 9, 1889. He was a son of Samuel ......
 * 16) George Lyon Phillips (JE | ) Jamaican politician; born in 1811; died at Kingston, Jamaica, Dec. 29, 1886. One of the most prominent and influential residents ......
 * 17) Morris Phillips (JE | ) American journalist and writer; born in London, England, May 9, 1834.Phillips received his elementary education in Cleveland, Ohio, and later ......
 * 18) Philip Phillips S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) American jurist; born in Charleston, S. C., Dec. 17, 1807; died in Washington, D. C., Jan. 14, 1884. He was ......
 * 19) Phineas Phillips (JE | ) Polish merchant; flourished about 1775. He held the position of chief of the Jewish community at Krotoschin, at that time ......
 * 20) Samuel Phillips S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) English journalist; born at London 1815; died at Brighton Oct., 1854. He was the son of an English merchant, and ......

281 – 300

 * 1) Philo Judaeus S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Alexandrian philosopher; born about 20 B.C. at Alexandria, Egypt; died after 40 C.E. The few biographical details concerning him that ......
 * 2) Phinehas S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Son of Eleazar and grandson of Aaron (Ex. vi. 25; I Chron. v. 30, vi. 35 [A. V. vi. 4, ......
 * 3) Phinehas S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Guardian of the treasury at Jerusalem. In the last days of Jerusalem, in the year 70 C.E., he followed the ......
 * 4) Phinehas ben Clusoth (JE | ) Leader of the Idumcans. Simon b. Giora undertook several expeditions into the territory of the Idumeans to requisition provisions for ......
 * 5) Phinehas ben Chama (JE | ) Palestinian amora of the fourth century; born probably in the town of Siknin, where he was living when his brother ......
 * 6) Phinehas ben Jair JE S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Tanna of the fourth generation; lived, probably at Lydda, in the second half of the second century; son-in-law of Simeon ......
 * 7) Phinehas ben Samuel (JE | ) the last high priest; according to the reckoning of Josephus, the eighty-third since Aaron. He was a wholly unworthy person ......
 * 8) Phocylides S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See P582: Pseudo-Phocylides
 * 9) Phrygia S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Province in Asia Minor. Antiochus the Great transferred 2,000 Jewish families from Mesopotamia and Babylonia to Phrygia and Lydia (Josephus, ......
 * 10) Phylacteries (Tefillin) S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) The laws governing the wearing of phylacteries were derived by the Rabbis from four Biblical passages (Deut. vi. 8, xi. ......
 * 11) Physician S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See M325: Medicine
 * 12) Piatelli S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See A1483: Anaw
 * 13) Bernard Picart S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) An English translation of the work cited was printed by William Jackson (London, 1733). It contains, in addition to Picart's ......
 * 14) Haim Moses Picciotto (JE | ) Communal worker; born at Aleppo 1806; died at London, England, Oct. 19, 1879. He was a member of an ancient ......
 * 15) Adolf Pichler (JE | ) Austrian painter; born in 1834 at Cziffer, in the county of Presburg, Hungary. At the age of thirteen he went ......
 * 16) Joseph Pichon (Joseph Picho) (JE | ) "Almoxarife" and "contador mayor" (i.e., tax-collector-in-chief) of the city and the archbishopric of Seville; appointed in 1369 by Henry II. ......
 * 17) Joseph Pichon (Joseph Pitchon) (JE | ) Rabbinical author; lived in Turkey at the end of the seventeenth century. He was the author of "Minhage ha-Bedi?ah be-'Ir ......
 * 18) Aaron Pick (JE | ) Biblical scholar; born at Prague, where he was converted to Christianity and lectured on Hebrew at the university; lived in ......
 * 19) Alois Pick (JE | ) Austrian physician, medical author, and dramatist; born at Karolinenthal, near Prague, Bohemia, Oct. 15, 1859. He studied medicine at the ......
 * 20) Arnold Pick S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Austrian psychiatrist; born at Gross-Meseritsch, Moravia, July 20, 1851; educated at Berlin and Vienna (M.D. 1875). He became assistant physician ......

301 – 320

 * 1) Behrendt Pick (JE | ) German numismatist and archeologist; born Dec. 21, 1861, at Posen. After passing through the Friedrich-Wilhelms Gymnasium of his native city, ......
 * 2) Isaiah Pick (JE | ) -- See B855: Berlin, Isaiah b. Loeb
 * 3) Philipp Joseph Pick (JE | ) Austrian dermatologist; born at Neustadt, Bohemia, Oct. 14, 1834. He studied natural sciences and medicine at Vienna (M.D. 1860) and ......
 * 4) Count Giovanni Frederico Pico de Mirandola (JE | ) Italian philosopher, theologian, and cabalist; born Feb. 24, 1463, at Mirandola; died at Florence Nov. 17, 1494. Gifted with high ......
 * 5) Pictorial art (JE | ) There are no ancient remains showing in what way, if any, the Jews of Bible times made use of painting ......
 * 6) Pidyon ha-Ben (JE | ) -- See P527: Primogenitcre
 * 7) Pierleoni S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) Noble Roman family of Jewish origin. A Jewish banker of Rome who had acquired a princely fortune was baptized in ......
 * 8) Pigeon S 2007-11-07 (JE | ) -- See D456: Dove
 * 9) Pigo (JE | ) Italian family of rabbis. Formerly the name was as a rule transcribed Figo; in an Italian document of 1643 it ......
 * 10) Pi-hahiroth (JE | ) A place in the wilderness where the Israelites encamped when they turned back from Etham. It lay between Migdol and ......
 * 11) Abraham b. Elijah ha-Kohen Pikes (JE | ) German rabbi; mentioned in "LikKu&#7789;e Maharil," hilkots "Shabbat" and "Yom Kippur." He addressed two letters...
 * 12) Pontius Pilate (JE | ) Fifth Roman procurator of Judea, Samaria, and Idum&#230;a, from 26 to 36 of the common era; successor of Valerius Gratus....
 * 13) Pilegesh JE (JE | ) A concubine recognized among the ancient Hebrews. She enjoyed the same rights in the house as the legitimate wife. Since it...
 * 14) Pilgrimage (JE | ) A journey which is made to a shrine or sacred place in performance of a vow or for the sake of obtaining some form of divine...
 * 15) Pillar (JE | ) the word "pillar" is used in the English versions of the Bible as an equivalent for the following Hebrew words:(1) "Omenot...
 * 16) Pillar of Fire (JE | ) the Israelites during their wanderings through the desert were guided in the night-time by a pillar of fire to give them light...
 * 17) Daniel Pillitz (JE | ) -- See B1603: B&#252;rger, Theodor
 * 18) Pilpul (JE | ) A method of Talmudic study. The word is derived from the verb "pilpel" (lit. "to spice," "to season," and in a metaphorical...
 * 19) Pilsen (JE | ) City in Bohemia. According to documents of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, Jews were then living in Pilsen, and they...
 * 20) Sara de Fonseca Pina y Pimentel (JE | ) Poetess of Spanish descent; lived in England in the early part of the eighteenth century, as did also Abraham Henriques Pimentel...

321 – 340

 * 1) Pin (JE | ) -- See T139: Tent
 * 2) De Pina (JE | ) Portuguese Marano family some members of which were able to escape the Inquisition and to confess Judaism openly in Amsterdam...
 * 3) Eliezer b. Judah Pinczow (JE | ) Polish rabbi; flourished at the end of the seventeenth century; grandson of R. Zebi Hirsch, rabbi of Lublin. He was...
 * 4) Elijah b. Moses Gershon Pinczow (JE | ) Polish physician and Talmudist of the eighteenth century. He was the author of: "Meleket Machashebet," part i., "Ir &#7716...
 * 5) Joseph b. Jacob Pinczow (JE | ) Polish rabbi and author; flourished in Poland in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; descendant of R. Jacob Pollak,...
 * 6) Samson Pine (Pnie) (JE | ) German translator of the fourteenth century. He was probably born at Peine, a city in the province of Hanover, whencehis name...
 * 7) Hirsch Mendel Pineles (JE | ) Austrian scholar; born at Tysmenitz, Galicia, Dec. 21, 1805; died at Galatz, Rumania, Aug. 6, 1870. After having studied Talmud...
 * 8) Arthur Wing Pinero (Pinheiros) (JE | ) English dramatist; born in London May 24, 1855; eldest son of John Daniel Pinero. He is descended from a Sephardic family...
 * 9) Elijah b. Aaron Pines (JE | ) Rabbi at Shklov, government of Moghilef, Russia, in the eighteenth century; descendant of the families of Jacob Polak and...
 * 10) Jehiel Michael Pines (JE | ) Russian Talmudist and Hebraist; born at Rozhany, government of Grodno, Sept. 26, 1842. He was the son of Noah Pines and the...
 * 11) Jacob Pinhas (JE | ) German journalist and communal worker; born Aug., 1788; died in Cassel Dec. 8, 1861. He was the son of Salomon (1757-1837)...
 * 12) Moses Pinheiro JE (JE | ) One of the most influential pupils and followers of Shabbethai Zebi; lived at Leghorn in the seventeenth century. He...
 * 13) Pinkes (JE | ) Term generally denoting the register of any Jewish community, in which the proceedings of and events relating to the community...
 * 14) Herman Pinkhof (JE | ) Dutch physician; born at Rotterdam May 10, 1863; educated at the University of Leyden (M.D. 1886). He established himself...
 * 15) Pinne (JE | ) City in the province of Posen, Germany. Jews are first mentioned there in 1553, in connection with a "privilegium" issued...
 * 16) Adolf Pinner JE (JE | ) German chemist; born at Wronke, Posen, Germany, Aug. 31, 1842; educated at the Jewish Theological Seminary at Breslau and...
 * 17) Ephraim Moses Pinner (JE | ) German Talmudist and archeologist; born in Pinne about 1800; died in Berlin 1880. His first work, bearing the pretentious...
 * 18) Pinsk (JE | ) Russian city in the government of Minsk, Russia. There were Jews in Pinsk prior to the sixteenth century, and there may have...
 * 19) Dob B& (JE | ) Polish Talmudist of the eighteenth century. He was a descendant of Nathan Spira of Cracow, and the author of the Talmudical...
 * 20) Lev (Lev Semionovich) Pinsker (JE | ) Russian physician; born at Tomashev, government of Piotrkow (Piotrikov), Poland, 1821; son of Sim-Chah Pinsker; died...

341 – 360

 * 1) Simhah Pinsker JE (JE | ) Polish Hebrew scholar and archeologist; born at Tarnopol, Galicia, March 17, 1801; died at Odessa Oct. 29, 1864. He received...
 * 2) Pinto >> Josiah ben Joseph Pinto JE, Isaac de Pinto JE (JE | ) Family of financiers, rabbis, scholars, soldiers, and communal workers, originally from Portugal. Members of it lived in Syria...
 * 3) Piotrkow (JE | ) Town in Russian Poland, near Warsaw. For some time Piotrkow was the seat of the Polish diet. At the diet of 1538, held there...
 * 4) Piove di Sacco (JE | ) Small Italian city in the district of Padua; the first in that territory to admit Jews. A loan-bank was opened there by an...
 * 5) Pipe (JE | ) Musical instrument akin to the flute. The flute was a favorite instrument of the ancients. The monuments show flutes of various...
 * 6) Settimio Piperno (JE | ) Italian economist: born at Rome 1834. He is (1905) professor of statistics and political economy in the Technical Institute...
 * 7) Henry de Worms, Baron Pirbright (JE | ) English statesman; born in London 1840; died at Guildford, Surrey, Jan. 9, 1903; third son of Solomon Benedict de Worms, a...
 * 8) Pirhe Zafon (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 9) Pirke Abot (JE | ) -- See A354: Abot
 * 10) Pirke de-Rabbi Eliezer JE (JE | ) Haggadicmidrashic work on Genesis, part of Exodus, and a few sentences of Numbers; ascribed to R. Eliezer b. Hyrcanus, and...
 * 11) Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov (JE | ) Russian physician and pedagogue; born 1810; died Nov., 1881. He was professor at the University of Dorpat. As a statesman...
 * 12) Pisa (JE | ) Town in Tuscany, Italy, at the mouth of the River Arno; formerly a port of the Tyrrhenian Sea. The settlement of Jews in Pisa...
 * 13) Da Pisa (JE | ) Italian family, deriving its name from the city of Pisa. It can be traced back to the fifteenth century. Abraham ben Isaac...
 * 14) Pisgah (JE | ) Mountain in Moab, celebrated as one of the stations of the Israelites in their journey through that country (Num. xxi. 20)...
 * 15) Ha-Pisgah (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 16) Pistachio-nut (JE | ) -- See N382: Nut
 * 17) Pithom JE (JE | ) One of the cities which, according to Ex. i. 11, was built for the Pharaoh of the oppression by the forced labor of the Israelites...
 * 18) Pittsburg >> History of the Jews in Pittsburgh JE (JE | ) Second largest city in the state of Pennsylvania. With Allegheny, the twin-city on the north side of the Allegheny River,...
 * 19) Pius IV (Gian Angelo Medici) (JE | ) Pope from 1559 to 1565. He was a Milanese of humble origin. and became cardinal under Paul III., through the latter&#39;s...
 * 20) Piyyut (JE | ) Hymn added to the older liturgy that developed during the Talmudic era and up to the seventh century. The word is derived...

361 – 380

 * 1) Pizmon (JE | ) Hymn with a refrain; usually the chief poem in the scheme of selichot sung or recited by the cantor and congregation...
 * 2) David ben Eliezer ha-Levi Pizzighettone (JE | ) Italian Talmudist and physician; flourished in the first half of the sixteenth century. As physician he was active in. Cremona...
 * 3) Abraham Marcus Pjurko (JE | ) Russian Hebraist and pedagogue; born at Lomza Feb. 15, 1853. After having studied Talmud and rabbinics, he devoted himself...
 * 4) Place-names (JE | ) the geographical names of Palestine are not so often susceptible of interpretation as the personal names, which frequently...
 * 5) Abraham Placzek (JE | ) Austrian rabbi; born at-Prerau Jan., 1799; died at Boskowitz Dec. 10, 1884. In 1827 he became rabbi in his native city, and...
 * 6) Baruch Jacob Placzek (JE | ) Austrian rabbi; born at Weisskirchen, Moravia, Oct. 1, 1835; son and successor of Abraham Placzek. In 1858 he founded a high...
 * 7) Plague (JE | ) Word which is used in the English versions of the Bible as a rendering of several Hebrew words, all closely related in meaning...
 * 8) Plants (JE | ) the following names of plants and plant materials are found in the Old Testament: see [The plant-names in this table follow...
 * 9) Platon (Platyon) of Rome (JE | ) Scholar of the second century C.E. Like Todos (Theodorus) the Roman, his probable contemporary, Platon sought to inspire his...
 * 10) Pledges (JE | ) the law against taking pledges for debt is drawn from the following passages: "No man shall take the mill or the upper millstone...
 * 11) Pleiades (JE | ) the word "Kimah," which occurs in three passages in the Bible (Job ix. 9, xxxviii. 31, and Amos v. 8), each time in connection...
 * 12) Elias Plessner (JE | ) German rabbi; son of Solomon Plessner; born Feb. 19, 1841, at Berlin; died at Ostrowo March 30, 1898. He studied at the University...
 * 13) Solomon Plessner (JE | ) German preacher and Bible commentator; born at Breslau April 23, 1797; died at Posen Aug. 28, 1883. Having lost his father...
 * 14) Solomon Pletsch (JE | ) German physician of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries; a native of Regensburg. Pletsch was in 1394 appointed city surgeon...
 * 15) Plock (Plotzk) (JE | ) Government in Russian Poland, with a Jewish population (1897) of 50,473 (in a total population of 553,094), which is the smallest...
 * 16) Julius Plotke (JE | ) German lawyer and communal worker; born at Borek, province of Posen, Oct. 5, 1857; died at Frankfort-on-the-Main Sept. 27...
 * 17) Plowing (JE | ) No description of the plow ("machareshet") is found in the Bible; but it may be assumed with certainty that the implement...
 * 18) Plum (JE | ) -- See P132: Peach
 * 19) Plungian (JE | ) Old town in the government of Kovno, district of Telshi, Russia. Among the earlier rabbis of Plungian were Jacob b. &#7826...
 * 20) Mordecai Plungian (Plungianski) (JE | ) Russian Hebraist and author; born at Plungian, in the government of Wilna, 1814; died at Wilna Nov. 28, 1883. He was a descendant...

381 – 400

 * 1) Plymouth (JE | ) Seaport in the county of Devon, England; one of the principal ports of that country. A few Jewish families were living there...
 * 2) Pobyedonostzev (JE | ) -- See R479: Russia
 * 3) Judah L& (Puchowitzer) (JE | ) Russian rabbi and preacher; flourished at Pinsk in the latter part of the seventeenth century; died in Palestine, whither...
 * 4) Edward Pocock (JE | ) English Christian Orientalist and theologian; born at Oxford Nov. 8, 1604; died there Sept. 12, 1691. He studied Oriental...
 * 5) David Podiebrad (JE | ) Austrian writer; born in 1816; died Aug. 2, 1882. He received his education in the yeshibah of Prague and by private tuition...
 * 6) Podivin (JE | ) -- See K382: Kostel
 * 7) Podolia (JE | ) Government in southwestern Russia, on the Austrian frontier (Galicia). It is a center of many important events in the history...
 * 8) Poetry >> Biblical poetry JE (JE | ) the question whether the literature of the ancient Hebrews includes portions that may be called poetry is answered by the...
 * 9) Jacob (Joseph) b. Mordecai Poggetti (JE | ) Italian Talmudist and writer on religious ethics; born at Asti, Piedmont; flourished in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries...
 * 10) Messola Pogorelsky (JE | ) Russian physician and writer; born at Bobruisk March 7, 1862; educated at the gymnasium of his native town; studied medicine...
 * 11) Pogromy (JE | ) -- See R479: Russia
 * 12) Poimanniki (JE | ) -- See R479: Russia
 * 13) Poitiers (JE | ) French city; capital of the department of Vienne. In 1236 the Jews of Poitiers and the adjacent country were harried by the...
 * 14) Poitou (JE | ) Ancient province of France. Several Jewish communities were founded there in the twelfth century, notably those of Niort,...
 * 15) Pola (JE | ) -- See I368: Istria
 * 16) Vittorio Polacco (JE | ) Italian jurist of Polish descent; born at Padua May 10, 1859. Since 1884 he has been professor of civil law at the University...
 * 17) Gabriel Jacob Polak (JE | ) Talmudist and bibliographer; born June 3, 1803; died May 14, 1869, at Amsterdam, where he was principal of a school. He was...
 * 18) Henri Polak (JE | ) Dutch labor-leader and politician; born at Amsterdam Feb. 22, 1868. Till his thirteenth year he attended the school conducted...
 * 19) Herman Josef Polak (JE | ) Dutch philologist; born Sept. 1, 1844, at Leyden; educated at the university of that city (Ph.D. 1869). From 1866 to 1869...
 * 20) Jakob Eduard Polak (JE | ) Austrian physician; born 1818 at Gross-Morzin, Bohemia; died Oct. 7, 1891; studied at Prague and Vienna (M.D.). About 1851...

401 – 420

 * 1) Poland >> History of the Jews in Poland JE, History of Jews in Poland before the 18th century JE (JE | ) -- See R479: Russia
 * 2) Polemics and Polemical Literature (JE | ) Although pagan nations as a rule were not prone to intolerance in matters of religion, they were so with regard to Judaism...
 * 3) Polemon II (JE | ) King, first of the Pontus and the Bosporus, then of the Pontus and Cilicia, and lastly of Cilicia alone; died in 74 C.E. Together...
 * 4) Police Laws (JE | ) Laws regulating intercourse among citizens, and embracing the care and preservation of the public peace, health, safety, morality...
 * 5) David Polido (JE | ) -- See D132: David Raphael ben Abraham Polido
 * 6) Polisher J& (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 7) Adam Politzer (JE | ) Austrian aurist; born at Alberti-Irsa, Hungary, Oct. 1, 1835; studied medicine at the University of Vienna, receiving his...
 * 8) Isaac b. Joseph Polkar (JE | ) -- See P601: Pulgar, Isaac b. Joseph
 * 9) Poll-tax (JE | ) the custom of taxing a population at a certain amount per head dates back to very ancient times. The first time such a tax...
 * 10) A. M. Pollak von Rudin (JE | ) Austrian manufacturer and philanthropist; born at Wescheraditz, Bohemia, in 1817; died at Vienna June 1, 1884. Pollak was...
 * 11) Jacob Pollak JE (JE | ) Founder of the Polish method of halakic and Talmudic study known as the Pilpul; born about 1460; died at Lublin 1541. He was...
 * 12) Joachim (Hayyim Joseph) Pollak JE (JE | ) Austrian rabbi; born in Hungary in 1798; died at Trebitsch, Moravia, Dec. 16, 1879, where he officiated as rabbi from 1828...
 * 13) Kaim Pollak (JE | ) Hungarian writer; born at Lipt&#243;-Szent-Mikl&#243;s Oct. 6, 1835; educated in the Talmud at his native city, at Presburg...
 * 14) Leopold Pollak (painter) (JE | ) Genre- and portrait-painter; born at Lodenitz, Bohemia, Nov. 8, 1806; died at Rome Oct. 16, 1880. He studied under Bergler...
 * 15) Ludwig Pollak (JE | ) Austrian archeologist; born in Prague Sept. 14, 1868 (Ph.D. Vienna, 1893). In 1893 he was sent for a year by the Austrian...
 * 16) Moriz Pollak, Ritter von Borkenau (JE | ) Austrian financier; born at Vienna Dec. 24, 1827; died there Aug. 20, 1904. After leaving the gymnasium of his native city...
 * 17) Adolph Pollitzer JE (JE | ) Violinist; born at Budapest July 23, 1832; died in London Nov. 14, 1900. In 1842 he left Budapest for Vienna, where he studied...
 * 18) Am& (JE | ) French philanthropist; born at Marseilles in 1835; died at Cap Ferrat July 24, 1898; daughter of Joseph Jonas Cohen, and wife...
 * 19) Gaston Pollonais (JE | ) French journalist; born at Paris May 31, 1865; son of D&#233;sir&#233; Pollonais, mayor of Villefranche, and of Am&#233;lie...
 * 20) Polna Affair JE (JE | ) An accusation of ritual murder in Polna resulting from the murder of Agnes Hruza March 29, 1899. Polna, a city in the district...

421 – 440

 * 1) Polonnoye (JE | ) Town in the district of Novograd, Volhynia, Russia. It was a fortified place in the middle of the seventeenth century, when...
 * 2) Polotsk (Polotzk) (JE | ) District town in the government of Vitebsk, Russia. The first mention of its Jewish community occurs in 1551, when, at the...
 * 3) Phinehas b. Judah Polotsk (JE | ) Polish commentator on the Bible; lived at Polotsk, Poland, in the eighteenth century. He wrote commentaries on four books...
 * 4) Poltava (JE | ) Government of Little Russia, which came under Russian domination in 1764, and whose present organization was established in...
 * 5) Polygamy (JE | ) the fact or condition of having more than one wife or husband at a time; usually, the practise of having a plurality of wives...
 * 6) Polyglot Bible (JE | ) -- See B1028: Bible Editions
 * 7) Pomegranate (JE | ) A tree of the myrtle family. The pomegranate was carried into Egypt in very early historic times (comp. Num. xx. 5), and was...
 * 8) De Pomis (JE | ) An old Italian Jewish family which claimed descent from King David. According to a legend, reproduced by de Pomis in the introduction...
 * 9) Pompey the Great (JE | ) Roman general who subjected Judea to Rome. In the year 65 B.C., during his victorious campaign through Asia Minor, he sent...
 * 10) Poniewicz (Ponevyezh) (JE | ) District city in the government of Kovno, Russia. In 1780 CountNikolai Tyszkiewicz by cutting down a forest that lay between...
 * 11) Lorenzo Da Ponte (Jeremiah Conegliano) (JE | ) Italian-American man of letters, composer, and teacher; born at Ceneda, Italy, 1749; died 1837. He belonged to a well-known...
 * 12) Pontoise (JE | ) French town; capital of an arrondissement in the department of Seine-et-Oise. It contained a Jewish community as early as...
 * 13) Benjamin Pontremoli (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical writer; lived at Smyrna at the end of the eighteenth century. He was the author of a work entitled "Shebe&#7789...
 * 14) Esdra Pontremoli (JE | ) Italian rabbi, poet, and educationist; born at Ivrea 1818; died in 1888; son of Eliseo Pontremoli, rabbi of Nizza, where a...
 * 15) Hiyya Pontremoli (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical author; died at Smyrna in 1832; son of Benjamin Pontremoli. &#7716;iyya Pontremoli wrote, among other works...
 * 16) Relief of Poor (JE | ) -- See C371: Charity
 * 17) Poor Laws (JE | ) -- See C371: Charity
 * 18) The Popes (JE | ) the Roman Church does not claim any jurisdiction over persons who have not been baptized; therefore the relations of the popes...
 * 19) Poppaea Sabina (JE | ) Mistress and, after 62 C.E., second wife of the emperor Nero; died 65. She had a certain predilection for Judaism, and is...
 * 20) David Popper (JE | ) Austrian violoncellist; born at Prague June 18, 1845; a pupil of Goltermann at the Conservatorium in that city. At the age...

441 – 460

 * 1) Josef Popper (JE | ) Austrian engineer and author; born Feb. 22, 1838, at Kolin, Bohemia. Besides essays on machinery published in the "Sitzungsberichte...
 * 2) Siegfried Popper (JE | ) Austrian naval constructor; born at Prague 1848. Educated at the polytechnic high schools of Prague and Carlsruhe, he worked...
 * 3) William Popper (JE | ) American Orientalist; born at St. Louis, Mo., Oct. 29, 1874; educated at the public schools of Brooklyn, N. Y., the College...
 * 4) Wilma Popper (JE | ) Hungarian authoress; born at Raab, Hungary, May 11, 1857; educated in her native town. She commenced to write at an early...
 * 5) Jacob ben Benjamin Cohen Poppers (JE | ) German rabbi; born at Prague in the middle of the seventeenth century; died at Frankfort-on-the-Main in 1740. His father,...
 * 6) Me& JE (JE | ) Bohemian rabbi and cabalist; born at Prague; died at Jerusalem in Feb. or March, 1662. He studied the Cabala under Israel...
 * 7) Popul& (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 8) Porcupine (JE | ) Rendering adopted by many commentators for the Hebrew "Kippod," for which the English versions have correctly Bittern...
 * 9) Aaron b. Benjamin Porges (Porjes) (JE | ) Rabbi in Prague in the seventeenth century. Under the title "Zikron Aharon" he wrote an introduction to the "Ki&#7827...
 * 10) Moses ben Israel Naphtali Hirsch Porges (JE | ) Rabbinical author; lived at Jerusalem at the beginning of the seventeenth century. He was the author of "Darke Ziyyon"...
 * 11) Nathan Porges JE (JE | ) German rabbi; born at Prossnitz, Moravia, Dec. 21, 1848. He was educated in his native town, at the gymnasium at Olm&#252...
 * 12) Porges von Portheim >> Moses Porges von Portheim JE, Joseph Porges von Portheim JE (JE | ) Prominent Bohemian family of which the following members won particular distinction:Joseph Porges, Edler von Portheim: Austrian...
 * 13) Porging (JE | ) the cutting away of forbidden fat and veins from kasher meat. The Mosaic law emphatically forbids the eating of the fat and...
 * 14) Pork (JE | ) -- See S1200: Swine
 * 15) Portaleone >> Abraham Portaleone JE (JE | ) Jewish family of northern Italy, which probably derived its name from the quarter of Portaleone, situated in the vicinity...
 * 16) Comte Joseph Marie Portalis (JE | ) -- See S229: Sanhedrin
 * 17) Portland (JE | ) -- See O120: Oregon
 * 18) Porto (Oporto) (JE | ) Capital of the Portuguese province of Entre-Douro-e-Minho. After Lisbon it possessed in former times the largest Jewish congregation...
 * 19) Porto (JE | ) -- See R352: Rome
 * 20) Porto DAB (JE | ) Italian family of which the following members are noteworthy: Abraham b. Jehiel ha-Kohen Porto:   Italian scholar; flourished...

461 – 480

 * 1) Georges de Porto-Riche (JE | ) French poet and dramatist; born of Italian parents at Bordeaux in 1849. He entered a banking-house at an early age, but was...
 * 2) Portsea (JE | ) -- See P463: Portsmouth
 * 3) Portsmouth (JE | ) English fortified seaport on the coast of Hampshire. The Portsmouth (Portsea) congregation is one of the oldest in the English...
 * 4) Portugal (JE | ) Kingdom in the southwest of Europe. The condition of its Jews, whose residence in the country is contemporaneous with that...
 * 5) Benjamin Osipovich Portugalov (JE | ) Russian physician and author; born at Poltava 1835; died at Samara 1896. After studying medicine at the universities of Kharkov...
 * 6) Posekim (JE | ) -- See P220: Pesa&#7731;
 * 7) Posen (JE | ) Province of Prussia; formerly a part of the kingdom of Poland, it was annexed by the former country after the partition of...
 * 8) P&#246;sing (JE | ) Small town in the county of Presburg, where on May 27, 1529 (Friday, Siwan 13), thirty Jews were burned to death on the accusation...
 * 9) Adolf Posnanski (JE | ) Austrian rabbi; born at Lubraniec, near Warsaw, June 3, 1854; educated at the gymnasium, the university, and the rabbinical...
 * 10) Carl Posner (JE | ) German physician and medical writer; born at Berlin Dec. 16, 1854; son of Louis Posner; educated at the universities of Berlin...
 * 11) David ben Naphtali Herz Posner (JE | ) Polish Talmudic compiler; lived about the middle of the seventeenth century in Posen, and later in Krotoschin. He was the...
 * 12) Karl Ludwig von Posner (JE | ) Hungarian manufacturer; born 1822; died 1887 at Budapest. In 1852 he founded the largest printing, lithographing, and bookbinding...
 * 13) Me&#239;r Posner (JE | ) Prussian rabbi; born 1735; died at Danzig Feb. 3, 1807. He was rabbi of the Schottland congregation in Danzig from 1782 till...
 * 14) Solomon Zalman Posner (JE | ) Polish rabbi: born at Landsberg about 1778 (?); died in Loslau in 1863; son of Joseph Landsberg, rabbi of Posen. At Solomon&#39...
 * 15) Posqui& (JE | ) Town in the department of the Gard, France, where Jews are known to have lived since the twelfth century. When Benjamin of...
 * 16) Posrednik (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 17) Ernst von Possart (JE | ) German actor and author; born at Berlin May 11, 1841. When seventeen years old he was apprenticed to the Schroeder&#39;sche...
 * 18) Felix Possart (JE | ) German landscape and genre painter; born in Berlin March 7, 1837. He at first intended to pursue a juridical career, and held...
 * 19) Abraham Abele Posveller (JE | ) -- See A369: Abraham Abele ben Abraham Solomon
 * 20) Moses Potchi (JE | ) Karaite scholar; lived at Constantinople in the second half of the sixteenth century. He belonged to the Maruli family, the...

481 – 500

 * 1) Potiphar (JE | ) Name of an Egyptian officer. The form "Potiphar" is probably an abbreviation of "Potiphera"; the two are treated as identical...
 * 2) Count Valentine (Abraham b. Abraham) Potocki (Pototzki) JE (JE | ) Polish nobleman and convert to Judaism; burned at the stake at Wilna May 24, 1749. There are several versions of the remarkable...
 * 3) Potsdam (JE | ) City in the Prussian province of Brandenburg. It was the residence of the electors of Brandenburg; and here the Great Elector...
 * 4) Pottery (JE | ) There can be no doubt that the Israelites first learned the art of making pottery on Palestinian soil. The nomad in his continual...
 * 5) Poultry (JE | ) the rearing of domestic fowl for various uses became a part of Palestinian husbandry only after the return from Babylon (see...
 * 6) Poverty (JE | ) Condition or proportion of poor in a population. Although the riches of the Jews have passed into a proverb, all social observers...
 * 7) Power of Attorney (JE | ) -- See A2100: Attorney, Power of
 * 8) Samuel Poznanski JE (JE | ) Arabist, Hebrew bibliographer, and authority on modern Karaism; rabbi and preacher at the Polish synagogue in Warsaw; born...
 * 9) Moses Prado JE (JE | ) Christian convert to Judaism; lived in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, first at Marburg, Germany, and later at Salonica...
 * 10) Praefectus Judaeorum (JE | ) -- See M436: Mendel
 * 11) Jacob Prag (JE | ) Professor of Hebrew and rabbi at Liverpool; born at Danzig 1816; died at Liverpool Dec., 1881. He studied at the rabbinical...
 * 12) Joseph Prag (JE | ) English communal and Zionist worker; born at Liverpool in 1859; educated at the Liverpool Institute and at Queen&#39;s College...
 * 13) Moses Pr& (JE | ) -- See M908: Moses ben Menahem
 * 14) Prague >> Old New Synagogue JE (JE | ) Capital of Bohemia; the first Bohemian city in which Jews settled. Reference to them is found as early as 906, when the Jew...
 * 15) Prat Maimon (JE | ) -- See F353: Frat Maimon
 * 16) Prayer (JE | ) from the earliest epochs recorded in the Bible profound distress or joyous exaltation found expression in prayer. However...
 * 17) Prayer-books (JE | ) the collection, in one book, of the year&#39;s prayers for week-days, Sabbaths, holy days, and fast-days is generally known...
 * 18) Prayer-motives (JE | ) -- See M1022: Music, Synagogal
 * 19) Preaching (JE | ) -- See H874: Homiletics
 * 20) Precedence (JE | ) Priority and preference given to individuals as a matter of established rule or etiquette. The superiority of the husband...