Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/R

1 – 20

 * 1) Raab (JE | ) Chief town of the county of the same name, possessing one of the oldest Jewish communities in Hungary. As early as 1490 a...
 * 2) Raamses (JE | ) -- See R89: Ramesses
 * 3) Rab Ashi JE (JE | ) -- See A1945: Ashi
 * 4) Raba (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the third generation. The exact time at which he lived is uncertain, although he was a friend of &#39...
 * 5) Raba (Raba b. Joseph b. Hama) (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the fourth generation; born about 280 C.E. at Machoza (where his father was a wealthy and distinguished...
 * 6) Raba b. Ada (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the third generation; pupil of R. Judah b. Ezekiel at Pumbedita (Bezah 33b). He quoted sayings by...
 * 7) Rabad (JE | ) -- See A420: Abraham ben David of Posqui&#232;res
 * 8) Rabai of Rob (JE | ) Youngest sabora of the first generation; succeeded R. Simona as head of the Academy of Pumbedita; died in 550. Sherira says...
 * 9) Rabbah (Rabbath) (JE | ) Capital of the Ammonites, where, according to Deut. iii. 11, the bed of the giant Og was shown. David besieged and took the...
 * 10) Rabbah b. Abuha (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the second generation; teacher and father-in-law of R. Nachman b. Jacob. He was related to the house...
 * 11) Rabbah Gaon (Mar Raba) (JE | ) Gaon at Pumbedita from 640 to 650 (Halevy, "Dorot ha-Rishonim," iii. 177; comp. "Sefer ha-&#39;I&#7789;&#7789;ur," i. 59b)...
 * 12) Rabbah bar Hana (R Abba bar Hana of Kafri) JE (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the first generation; nephew of R. &#7716;iyya and cousin of Abba Arika (Rab; Sanh. 5a). Like Rab, he...
 * 13) Rabbah bar bar Hana JE (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the second generation; grandson of &#7716;ana, the brother of &#7716;iyya. He went to Palestine and became...
 * 14) Rabbah bar Hanan (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the fourth generation; pupil of Rabbah bar Nachmani and a colleague of Abaye, who was of the same...
 * 15) Rabbah b. Hiyya of Ctesiphon (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the second generation. He is said to have performed the ceremony of Chalizah in a manner which...
 * 16) Rabbah b. Huna (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the third generation; died in 322; son of R. Huna, the head of the Academy of Sura (Heilprin, "Seder ha-Dorot...
 * 17) Rabbah b. Liwai (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the fourth generation; contemporary of Raba b. Joseph b. &#7716;ama, two of whose decisions he proved...
 * 18) Rabbah b. Mari (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the fourth generation, who resided for a time in Palestine and then returned to his home (Yoma 78a), where...
 * 19) Rabbah b. Matna (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the fourth generation; contemporary and colleague of R. Zera II. Rabbah was slow and careful in his methods...
 * 20) Rabbah b. Nahman b. Jacob (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the third generation; contemporary of Rabbah b. Huna, with whom he was closely associated. The latter...

21 – 40

 * 1) Rabbah b. Nahmani (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the third generation; born about 270; died about 330; a descendant of a priestly family of Judea which...
 * 2) Rabbah of Parziki (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the sixth generation; contemporary of R. Ashi, with whom he often had discussions (So&#7789;ah 26b; Pes...
 * 3) Rabbah b. Samuel (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the second half of the third century; son of Mar Samuel of Nehardea. He was an associate of R. &#7716...
 * 4) Rabbah b. Shela (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the fourth generation; contemporary of Raba, and a judge (Ket. 104b), probably at Pumbedita. His strict...
 * 5) Rabbah Tusfa& (Tosefa&#39;ah) (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the seventh generation. He was a pupil of Rabina I. (Suk. 32a; comp. Halevy, "Dorot ha-Rishonim," iii...
 * 6) Rabbah b. Ufran (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the third century. He transmitted a haggadic aphorism of R. Eleazar b. Pedat (Meg. 15b); and an independent...
 * 7) Rabban (JE | ) Title given only to patriarchs, the presidents of the Sanhedrin. The first person to be called by this title was the patriarch...
 * 8) Joseph Rabban (JE | ) -- See C558: Cochin
 * 9) Rabbenu ha-Kadosh (JE | ) -- See J601: Judah
 * 10) Rabbi (JE | ) Hebrew term used as a title for those who are distinguished for learning, who are the authoritative teachers of the Law, and...
 * 11) Rabbi (JE | ) -- See G59: Games and Sports
 * 12) Rabbi Mor (JE | ) -- See L50: Landesrabbiner
 * 13) Mordecai ben Abraham Rabbiner (JE | ) Russian rabbi; born at Sloboda, a suburb of Bauske, Courland, 1758; died at Bauske 1830; a descendant on his mother&#39;s...
 * 14) Rabbiner Seminar F& (JE | ) This institution was founded at Berlin by Dr. Israel Hildesheimer for the training of Orthodox rabbis. In accepting the call...
 * 15) Israël Michel Rabbinowicz (JE | ) Russo-French author and translator; born at Horodetz, near Kobrin, government of Grodno, June 6, 1818; died in London May...
 * 16) Raphael Nathan Rabbinovicz (JE | ) Talmudical scholar and antiquarian; born at Novo-Zhagory, government of Kovno, Russia, in 1835; died at Kiev Nov. 28, 1888...
 * 17) Saul Phinehas Rabbinowitz (JE | ) Russian Neo-Hebrew publicist and historian; born in Taurogen, government of Kovno, April 8, 1845. At the age of five he was...
 * 18) Johann Jacob Rabe (JE | ) German translator of the Mishnah and the Talmud; born 1710 in Lindflur, Unterfranken; died Feb. 12, 1798. He was city chaplain...
 * 19) Matityahu Simcha Rabener (JE | ) Austrian Hebraist and educator; born in Lemberg Jan. 23, 1826. After receiving the usual rabbinical education, he took up...
 * 20) Rabin bar Adda (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the third generation; brother of Rabbah b. Adda and pupil of Judah b. Ezekiel of Pumbedita(Bezah...

41 – 60

 * 1) Rabina I (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the fifth generation; died about 420. He was a pupil of Raba b. Joseph b. &#7716;ama, and his extreme...
 * 2) Rabina II (Rabina b. Huna) (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the seventh generation. He did not remember his father, R. Huna, who died while Rabina was still a child...
 * 3) Rabina III of Umza (JE | ) Sabora of the first generation; died Adar, 508. Nothing further about him is known (Sherira Gaon, in Neubauer, "M. J. C."...
 * 4) Leon Rabinovich (JE | ) Russian physicist and journalist; born at Brestovitz, government of Grodno, Jan. 2, 1862. He is descended on his father&#39...
 * 5) Osip Aaronovich Rabinovich (Rabbinowitz) (JE | ) Russian Jewish author and journalist; born Jan. 14, 1817, at Kobelyaki, government of Poltava; died at Meran, Tyrol, Oct....
 * 6) Joshua ben Elijah Rabinovitz (JE | ) Russian rabbi; born at Shat, near Kaidan, in 1818; died at Nesvizh, government of Minsk, March 18, 1887. Rabinovitz was instructed...
 * 7) Samuel Jacob Rabinovitz (JE | ) Russian rabbi and author; born in Chelm, government of Kovno, 1857. He became rabbi at Jevije in 1887, and was called in the...
 * 8) Shalom Rabinovitz (JE | ) Russian journalist and novelist; born in Pereyaslav, government of Poltava, 1859. At the age of twenty-one he became government...
 * 9) Lydia Rabinowitsch-Kempner JE (JE | ) Physician; born at Kovno, Russia, Aug. 22, 1871; educated at the girls&#39; gymnasium of her native city, and privately in...
 * 10) Elijah David ben Benjamin Rabinowitz JE (JE | ) Russian rabbi; born at Pikeln, government of Kovno, June 11, 1845. He studied Talmud and rabbinics under his father (who was...
 * 11) Hirsch Rabinowitz (JE | ) Russian scientist and publicist: born at Linkovo, near Poneviezh, government of Kovno, Feb. 23, 1832; died in St. Petersburg...
 * 12) Isaac (Ish Kovno) Rabinowitz (JE | ) Russian poet; born in Kovno Oct. 13, 1846; died in New York (U. S. A.) March 9, 1900. He began to compose Hebrew songs at...
 * 13) Joseph Rabinowitz (JE | ) Russian missionary to the Jews; born in Orgeyev, Bessarabia, Sept. 23, 1837; died in Kishinef May 12, 1899. He wasbrought...
 * 14) Raca (Reka) (JE | ) Noun formed from the adjective "rek" (="empty"), and applied to a person without education and devoid of morals (comp...
 * 15) The Jewish Race (JE | ) -- See A1573: Anthropology
 * 16) Races of the Old Testament (JE | ) the ancient Hebrews from time to time came in contact with peoples who were obviously of different speech, customs, or physique...
 * 17) Rachel (JE | ) Laban&#39;s younger daughter, who became one of Jacob&#39;s wives (Gen. xxix. 26-28). Her first meeting with Jacob occurred...
 * 18) Rachel (JE | ) -- See A1033: Akiba b. Joseph
 * 19) Elizabeth Rachel (JE | ) -- See F94: Felix, Elisa-Rachel
 * 20) Adolph M Radin (JE | ) American rabbi; born at Neustadt-Schirwindt, Poland, Aug. 5, 1848. He received his Talmudical education at Volozhin and Eiseshok. Adolph M Radin was the father of Paul Radin.

61 – 80

 * 1) David Radner (JE | ) Hebrew writer; born Feb. 22, 1848, at Wilna, Russia; died there Nov. 11, 1901. He translated into Hebrew Schiller&#39;s "William...
 * 2) Anton Rad&#243; (JE | ) Hungarian poet and author; born at Moor June 29, 1862; son of the grammarian Adolf Roder. He studied classical and modern...
 * 3) Arthur Raffalovich (JE | ) Russian economist; born at Odessa in 1853; a member of the well-known banking family of that name. He studied economics and...
 * 4) Raframi (Ben Papa) (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the fourth century. In his youth he was a pupil of R. &#7716;isda (Shab. 82a), in whose name he transmits...
 * 5) Rafram II (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the seventh generation; he was a pupil of R. Ashi, to whom he frequently addressed questions (Ket. 95b...
 * 6) Abraham ben Solomon Ragoler (JE | ) Lithuanian Talmudist of the eighteenth century; born at Wilna; brother of Elijah b. Solomon (Elijah Wilna). Ragoler was preacher...
 * 7) Elijah ben Jacob Ragoler (JE | ) Russian rabbi and cabalist; born at Neustadt Sugind, government of Kovno, in 1794; died at Kalisz Nov. 5, 1849; a descendant...
 * 8) Friedrich Von Weila Ragstatt (JE | ) Convert to Christianity; born in Germany 1648. His Jewish name was probably Weil, whence his surname von Weila. He embraced...
 * 9) Aaron ben David Hakohen Ragusano (JE | ) -- See A26: Aaron ben David Cohen of Ragusa
 * 10) Rahab (JE | ) Originally a mythical name designating the abyss or the sea; subsequently applied to Egypt. Job ix. 13 and xxvi. 12 indicate...
 * 11) Rahab (JE | ) A woman of Jericho who sheltered the spies sent by Joshua to search out the land. Having arrived at Jericho, the two spies...
 * 12) David Rahabi (JE | ) Indian calendar-maker; born in the state of Cochin about the middle of the eighteenth century. His father, Ezekiel Rahabi...
 * 13) Nissim Rahamim (JE | ) Turkish rabbinical writer; lived at Smyrna; died there 1828. He was the author of a Hebrew work entitled "Har ha-Mor" (Salonica...
 * 14) Rahem na & (JE | ) A dirge of the Sephardim, chanted by those taking part in the sevenfold processional circuit around the bier before interment...
 * 15) Moritz Rahmer (JE | ) German rabbi; born Dec. 12, 1837, at Rybnik, Prussian Silesia; died at Magdeburg March 2, 1904. After studying at the seminary...
 * 16) Astruc Raimuch (Remoch) (JE | ) Physician of Fraga in the fourteenth century. As an Orthodox Jew he visited Benveniste ibn Labi of Saragossa and other prominent...
 * 17) Rain (JE | ) Palestine did not require such laborious artificial irrigation as Egypt; Yhwh supplied it with, "water of the rain of heaven"...
 * 18) Rainbow (JE | ) This phenomenon of nature is mentioned but rarely in the Old Testament. The beauty of the rainbow is dwelt upon (Ecclus. [Sirach]...
 * 19) Ra&#39;is (JE | ) Until the time of Machmud II., the title of the presiding officer or head of a community in Egypt. Each Jud&#230;o-Egyptian...
 * 20) Joseph b. David Tebele Rakower (Bloch) (JE | ) Polish rabbi and Hebraist; died in Eibensch&#252;tz, Moravia, Nov., 1707. He was rabbi of Eibensch&#252;tz, whither he had...

81 – 100

 * 1) Abraham Abel Rakowski (JE | ) Austrian author; born at Maryampol, Austrian Galicia, Dec., 1855. He studied Talmud under his father (who was a rabbi) and...
 * 2) Ram (JE | ) -- See M363: Me&#239;r ben Samuel
 * 3) Ram (JE | ) -- See S577: Sheep
 * 4) Ramah (JE | ) Word (meaning "height") of frequent occurrence as an element in the place-names of the mountain districts of Palestine; as...
 * 5) Ramath-lehi (JE | ) Place on the frontier between Judah and Philistia; mentioned only in the story of Samson (Judges xv. 9, 14, 17). The name...
 * 6) Ramathaim-zophim (JE | ) Birthplace of Samuel according to the present text of I Sam. i. 1, which, however, is corrupt. The usual interpretation, "Ramathaim...
 * 7) Rambam JE (JE | ) -- See M905: Moses b. Maimon
 * 8) Ramban (JE | ) -- See M910: Moses b. Na&#7717;man
 * 9) Ramesses (JE | ) Egyptian city; one of the "treasure cities" built by the Israelites in their servitude (Ex. i. 11: "Raamses"); the point from...
 * 10) Rami bar Ezekiel (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the third generation; younger brother of Judah b. Ezekiel, the founder of the Academy of Pumbedita. He...
 * 11) Rami bar Hama JE (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the third generation; a pupil of R. &#7716;isda, and a fellow student of Raba, who was somewhat his junior...
 * 12) Rami bar Tamre (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the third generation; a native of Pumbedita, and probably a pupil of R. Judah. He once went to Sura on...
 * 13) Ramoth-gilead (JE | ) One of the cities of refuge, in the east-Jordan district, in the tribe of Gad; apportioned to the Levites (Josh. xx. 8, xxi...
 * 14) Ram&#39;s horn (JE | ) -- See S653: Shofar
 * 15) Ramsgate (JE | ) Seaside resort on the Kentish coast of England. This small town owes its importance in modern Anglo-Jewish history to its...
 * 16) Ran (JE | ) -- See N309: Nissim b. Reuben Gerondi
 * 17) Randar (JE | ) Name originally applied to the tenants of a fee-farm, or even of an entire village, in Poland, Lithuania, and Little Russia...
 * 18) Maier Randegger JE (JE | ) Austrian educationist; born at Randegg Feb. 9, 1780; died at Triest March 12, 1853. He was educated at home, at Lengau (Switzerland)...
 * 19) Morris Ranger (JE | ) English financier; born in Hesse-Cassel about 1830; died at Liverpool April,1887. He joined the Liverpool Exchange, and at...
 * 20) Paul Ranschburg (JE | ) Hungarian psychiatrist; born at Raab Jan. 3, 1870. On taking his degree of M. D. at the University of Budapest in 1894, he...

101 – 120

 * 1) Joseph Ransohoff (JE | ) American physician; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 26, 1853. After graduating from the Medical College of Ohio (M.D. 1874)...
 * 2) Ransom (JE | ) Captivity being considered a punishment worse than starvation or death (B. B. 8b, based on Jer. xv. 2), to ransom a Jewish...
 * 3) Elijah b. Menahem Rapa (Elijah Rapoport) (JE | ) Italian Talmudist of the sixteenth century. He was the author of "Be&#39;er Mayim &#7716;ayyim" (Corfu, 1599), on Talmudic...
 * 4) Menahem Abraham b. Jacob ha-Kohen Rapa (Porto); (Menahem Rapoport) (JE | ) Italian rabbi and author; lived at Porto, in the district of Verona, and at Cremona; died Dec. 30, 1596. He was a descendant...
 * 5) Simhah ben Gershom ha-Kohen Rapa (Portrapa) (JE | ) Talmudic scholar and author of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; born at Porto, Italy; died at Vienna. He was a younger...
 * 6) Raphael (JE | ) One of the archangels. The word occurs as a personal name in I Chron. xxvi. 7 (A. V. and R. V. "Rephael"), but it is not found...
 * 7) Frederick Melchior Raphael (JE | ) English soldier; born in London 1870; died at Spion Kop, Natal, Jan. 24, 1900; son of George C. Raphael; educated at Wellington...
 * 8) Henry Lewis Raphael (JE | ) English financier and economist; born at London 1832; died at Newmarket May 11, 1899; son of Louis Raphael. He was senior...
 * 9) Raphael ben Jekuthiel S&#252;sskind ha-Kohen (JE | ) Talmudist and author; born in Livonia Nov. 4, 1722; died at Altona Nov. 26, 1803. He was educated at Minsk under Aryeh L&#246...
 * 10) Mark Raphael (JE | ) Italian convert to Christianity; flourished at Venice at the beginning of the sixteenth century. He was a halakist of some...
 * 11) Morris Jacob Raphall JE (JE | ) Rabbi and author; born at Stockholm, Sweden, Oct. 3, 1798; died at New York June 23, 1868. At the age of nine he was taken...
 * 12) Rapoport >> Rappaport JE, Abraham Rapoport JE, Isaac ha-Kohen Rapoport JE, Solomon Judah Loeb Rapoport JE (JE | ) Family, the various branches of which claim a common Kohenitic origin. The names of Rapa or Rappe ha-Kohen are met with...
 * 13) Philip Rappaport (JE | ) American lawyer and journalist; born in 1845, at F&#252;rth, Bavaria, where he was educated. Removing to the United States...
 * 14) Edouard Rappoldi (JE | ) Austrian violinist: born at Vienna Feb. 21, 1839. He studied at the Vienna Conservatorium under Jansa, Hellmesberger, B&#246...
 * 15) Rappoltsweiler (JE | ) Town of Upper Alsace. The earliest known official document concerning its Jews dates from 1321. In that year Louis IV., Emperor...
 * 16) Lazar (Eleazar) Raschkow (JE | ) German physician and writer; born at Raschkow, province of Posen, 1798; died Aug. 2, 1870. He received his early instruction...
 * 17) S& JE (JE | ) German poet; died at Breslau April 12, 1836. He was the author of the following works: "Yosef we-Asenat," a drama (1817);...
 * 18) Hayyim Raschpitz (Raschwitz) (JE | ) Scholar of the seventeenth century; martyred, probably at Prague. He wrote the prayer "&#39;Iyyun Tefillah," on the persecutions...
 * 19) Rashba JE (JE | ) -- See A859: Adret, Solomon ben Abraham
 * 20) Rashbam (JE | ) -- See H503: Samuel ben Me&#239;r

121 – 140

 * 1) Rashi (Solomon bar Isaac) (JE | ) French commentator on Bible and Talmud; born at Troyes in 1040; died there July 13, 1105. His fame has made him the subject...
 * 2) Rashi Chapel (JE | ) -- See R121: Rashi
 * 3) Abraham b. Menahem Manish Rathaus (JE | ) -- See L419: Colophon of the First Edition of Rashi on the Pentateuch, the First Dated Hebrew Book.
 * 4) Walther Rathenau (JE | ) German naturalist, banker, and writer; born in Berlin Sept. 29, 1867; educated at the universities of Berlin (M. D. 1889)...
 * 5) Ratibor (JE | ) -- See S712: Silesia
 * 6) Ratisbon >> Jewish history of Regensburg JE, Regensburg Synagogue JE (JE | ) Bavarian city; capital of the Upper Palatinate; formerly a free city of the German empire. The great age of the Jewish community...
 * 7) Alphonse-Marie Ratisbonne (JE | ) French convert to Catholicism; brother of Marie-Th&#233;odore Ratisbonne; born at Strasburg May 1, 1812; died at Jerusalem...
 * 8) Marie-Th& (JE | ) French convert to Catholicism; born at Strasburg Dec. 18, 1802; died at Paris Jan. 10, 1884; son of the president of the Jewish...
 * 9) Dob Baer ben Abraham Bezaleel Ratner (JE | ) Russian Talmudist; born at Wilna about 1845. He is the author of: "Mebo la-Seder &#39;Olam Rabbah," on Josef ben &#7716;alafta&#39...
 * 10) Isaac Ratner (JE | ) Russian mathematician; born at Shklov in 1857. He has written mathematical and astronomical articles for various journals...
 * 11) Raudnitz (JE | ) Town of Bohemia. According to tradition it is one of the oldest three communities of Bohemia, the other two being Bunzlau...
 * 12) Saly Raunheim (Samuel Hirsch ben Menahem Raunheim) (JE | ) American mining-engineer; born in Frankfort-on-the-Main June 7, 1838; died in New York city Sept. 9, 1904. He was educated...
 * 13) Samson Rausuk (JE | ) Hebrew poet; born at Wilkowiski, Lithuania, in 1793; died in London Sept. 11, 1877. He pursued at his native place the career...
 * 14) Raven (JE | ) the first bird specifically mentioned in the Old Testament (Gen. viii. 7), where it is referred to in connection with Noah...
 * 15) Ravenna (JE | ) Italian city, capital of the province of Ravenna. A Jewish community existed in Ravenna from very early times; during an attack...
 * 16) Victor Meyer Rawicz (JE | ) German rabbi; born at Breslau Aug. 19, 1846. He attended the Jewish theological seminary and the university of his native...
 * 17) Joshua Hayyim Rawnitzki (JE | ) Russian author; born Aug. 14, 1845, at Odessa. His first literary efforts appeared in "Ha-Kol," and he soon became a...
 * 18) David Raynal (JE | ) French statesman; born at Paris Feb. 26, 1841; died Jan. 28, 1903. The son of a merchant, he was brought up for a commercial...
 * 19) Isidor Rayner (JE | ) American senator; born at Baltimore, Md., April 11, 1850. He was educated at the University of Virginia (1866-70), pursuing...
 * 20) William Solomon Rayner (JE | ) Merchant and financier; born in Oberelzbach, Bavaria, Sept. 23, 1822; died in Baltimore, Md., March 1, 1899. In 1840 he removed...

141 – 160

 * 1) Raziel (JE | ) Angel, first named in the Slavonic Book of Enoch (written before the common era; see Jew. Encyc. i. 591, s.v. Angelology)...
 * 2) Book of Raziel (JE | ) Collection of secret writings, probably compiled and edited by the same hand, but originally not the work of one author. This...
 * 3) Rassvet (journal) (JE | ) the purpose of the journal was to diffuse light among the ignorant Jewish masses of Russia; and accordingly its motto was...
 * 4) Reading (JE | ) City of Berks county, Pa. A few Jewish immigrants settled here before 1847, when Reading became a city. In 1864 a cemetery...
 * 5) Real Estate (JE | ) Landed property. The differences between landed or immovable and chattel or movable property have been indicated in the articles...
 * 6) Rebekah (JE | ) Daughter of Bethuel, sister of Laban, and wife of Isaac (Gen. xxii. 23, xxiv. 29, 67). Abraham sent his servant Eliezer to...
 * 7) Aaron Rebenstein (JE | ) -- See B899: Bernstein, Aaron
 * 8) Abraham Josephovich Rebichkovich (JE | ) -- See A472: Abraham Jesofovich
 * 9) Rebuke and Reproof (JE | ) "Faithful are the wounds of a friend," says the Old Testament proverb (Prov. xxvii. 6), doubtless referring to reproof. A...
 * 10) Recanati (JE | ) Town in Italy, on the Musone, and in the province of Macerata; formerly included in the Pontifical States. Jews are known...
 * 11) Recanati >> Menahem Recanati JE (JE | ) Italian family deriving its name from the city of Recanati in the former Papal States. Subjoined is the family tree: (see...
 * 12) Rechabites (JE | ) Members of a family descended from Hammath, the progenitor of the house of Rechab; otherwise known as the Kenites (I Chron...
 * 13) Recife (Pernambuco) (JE | ) Brazilian city and seaport; capital of the state of Pernambuco. It was merely a collection of fishermen&#39;s huts when occupied...
 * 14) Hermann Reckendorf (Hayyim Zebi ben Solomon Reckendorf) (JE | ) German scholar and author; born in Trebitsch in 1825; died about 1875. Having acquired a thorough acquaintance with the Hebrew...
 * 15) Record (JE | ) -- See D203: Deed
 * 16) Recording angel EL:JE (JE | ) the angel that, in popular belief, records the deeds of all individuals for future reward or punishment. The keeping of a...
 * 17) Red Heifer (JE | ) According to Yhwh&#39;s instructions to Moses and Aaron the Israelites prepared for sacrifice a red heifer which was free...
 * 18) Red Sea (JE | ) References to the Red Sea under that name are not found earlier than the Apocrypha (Judith v. 12; Wisdom x. 18, xix. 7; I...
 * 19) Robert de Reddinge (JE | ) English preaching friar, of the Dominican order; converted to Judaism about 1275. He appears to have studied Hebrew and by...
 * 20) Redemption (JE | ) -- See S102: Salvation

161 – 180

 * 1) Henry Redlich (JE | ) Polish engraver in copper; born at Lask, government of Piotrkow, 1840; died at Berlin Nov. 7, 1884. He went at an early age...
 * 2) Anton Rée (JE | ) German educationist; born at Hamburg Nov. 16, 1815; died Jan. 13, 1891. He was educated at Kiel, during which time he wrote...
 * 3) Anton Rée (pianist) (JE | ) Danish pianist and author; born in Aarhuus, Jutland, Oct. 5, 1820; died in Copenhagen Dec. 20, 1886. He studied in Hamburg...
 * 4) Bernhard Philip Ree (JE | ) Danish editor and politician; born in Aarhuus; Jutland, July 18, 1813; died there Nov. 13, 1868; son of Hartvig Philip Ree...
 * 5) Hartvig Philip Ree (JE | ) Danish merchant and author; born in Fredericia, Jutland, Oct. 12, 1778; died in Copenhagen Oct. 1, 1859. On the death of his...
 * 6) Julius Rée (JE | ) Danish merchant and political author; born in Aarhuus, Jutland, June 1, 1817; died in Copenhagen Sept. 3, 1874; son of Hartvig...
 * 7) Reed (JE | ) Rendering given in the English versions for several words used to designate rush-like water-plants of various kinds. These...
 * 8) Re'em
 * 9) Ada Reeve (JE | ) English actress: born in London about 1870. Her parents were themselves connected with the dramatic profession, her father...
 * 10) Reform Advocate (JE | ) Jewish weekly; first issued Feb. 20, 1891, at Chicago. Founded by Charles E. Bloch, of the Bloch Publishing Company, and published...
 * 11) Reform Judaism from the Point of View of the Reform Jew (JE | ) By Reform Judaism is denoted that phase of Jewish religious thought which, in the wake of the Mendelssohnian period and in...
 * 12) Reform-Zeitung (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 13) Reformation (JE | ) -- See L631: Luther
 * 14) Cities and Places of Refuge (JE | ) -- See A2067: Asylum
 * 15) Barthel Regenbogen (JE | ) German meistersinger of the latter part of the thirteenth century; lived as a smith at Mayence. He was remarkable for his...
 * 16) La R& (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 17) Regensburg (JE | ) -- See R126: Ratisbon
 * 18) Reggio (JE | ) Italian city on the Strait of Messina; capital of the province of Reggio di Calabria. The presence of Jews in Calabria as...
 * 19) Abraham (Vita) ben Azriel Reggio (JE | ) Italian rabbi and cabalist; born at Ferrara in 1755; died at G&#246;ritz Jan. 8, 1842. Reggio studied under Samuel Lampronti...
 * 20) Isaac Samuel (Yashar) Reggio JE (JE | ) Austro-Italian scholar and rabbi; born at G&#246;ritz, Illyria, Aug. 15, 1784; died there Aug. 29, 1855. Reggio studied Hebrew...
 * 21) Issachar Ezekiel Reggio (JE | ) Italian rabbi and grammarian; born at Ferrara in 1774; died in 1837, on the 1st of Elul. He was a pupil of Graziadio Neppi...

181 – 200

 * 1) Leone Reggio (JE | ) Italian rabbi; born at Ferrara in 1808; died there Sept. 23, 1870; son of Zaccaria Reggio, chief rabbi of Ferrara. At the...
 * 2) Carl Rehfuss (JE | ) German educationist; born in 1792 at Altdorf-im-Breisgau; died in 1842 at Heidelberg. From 1809 to 1816 he occupied the position...
 * 3) Rehoboam (JE | ) Son of Solomon by Naamah the Ammonitess (I Kings xiv. 21), and his successor on the throne in Jerusalem. Solomon&#39;s administrative...
 * 4) Rab Rehumai (I) (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the fifth generation; pupil of Raba b. Joseph b. &#7716;ama. He addressed some questions to Abaye (Pes...
 * 5) Rehumai II (JE | ) Babylonian amora of the seventh generation; pupil of Rabina I., for whom he expounded a saying of Huna b. Tachlifa (Zeb...
 * 6) Rehumai III (JE | ) One of the early saboraim; died in 505, in the month of Nisan. In &#39;Er. 11a he is mentioned with his contemporary R. Jose...
 * 7) Alad& (Rajk) (JE | ) Hungarian lawyer and deputy; born at Baja June 25, 1871; educated at the gymnasium of his native city and at the universities...
 * 8) Ignaz (Eizig) Reich (JE | ) Hungarian teacher and author; born at Zs&#225;mb&#233;k 1821; died at Budapest April 18, 1887. He received his early instruction...
 * 9) Moritz Reich (JE | ) German writer; born at Rokitnitz, Bohemia, April 20, 1831; died there March 26, 1857. The son of an indigent shoche&#7789...
 * 10) Reichenberg (JE | ) City of Bohemia. No Jews were allowed to live there until after the law of Oct. 26, 1860, which repealed the restrictions...
 * 11) Leonhard Reichenheim (JE | ) German manufacturer and politician; born at Bernburg May 3, 1814; died at Berlin Jan. 26, 1868. At the age of fourteen he...
 * 12) Emanuel Reicher (JE | ) Austrian actor; born July 18, 1849, at Bochnia, Austria. Reicher&#39;s theatrical life is divided into two periods: the first...
 * 13) Hedwig Reicher-Kindermann (JE | ) German prima donna; born at Munich July 15, 1853; died at Triest June 2, 1883; daughter of the baritone August Kindermann...
 * 14) Moses ha-Kohen Reicherson (JE | ) Hebrew grammarian; born in Wilna, Oct. 5, 1827; died in New York April 3, 1903. After studying Talmud, Hebrew, and European...
 * 15) Reichshochmeister (JE | ) -- See H825: Hochmeister
 * 16) Reichskammerknecht (JE | ) -- See K82: Kammerknechtschaft
 * 17) Abraham Reif (JE | ) Galician poet; born at Mosciska, Galicia, 1802; died in 1859. He came early under the influence of the school of the Me&#39...
 * 18) Jacob Reifmann (JE | ) Russian author and philosopher; born April 7, 1818, at Lagow, near Opatow, Russian Poland; died at Szczebrszyn Oct. 13, 1895...
 * 19) Reinach (JE | ) German family which emigrated to France in the first half of the nineteenth century. As its most eminent members may be mentioned:...
 * 20) Isaac Jacob b. Solomon Naphtali Reines (JE | ) Russian rabbi, and founder of the "Mizrachi," or Orthodox, branch of the Zionist organization; a descendant of Saul Wahl...

201 – 220

 * 1) Moses Reines (JE | ) Russian scholar and author; born at Lida (where his father, R. Isaac Jacob Reines, was rabbi) in 1870; died there March 7...
 * 2) Jacob Reinowitz (Reb Yankele) (JE | ) Member of the London bet din; born at Wilkowisk, Poland, in 1818; died in London May 17, 1893. At twenty-eight years of age...
 * 3) Jacob b. Joseph Reischer JE (JE | ) Austrian rabbi; born at Prague; died at Metz Feb. 1733. He was the son of R. Joseph, author of "Gib&#39;ot &#39;Olam," and...
 * 4) Frederick Reitlinger (JE | ) French jurist; born at Ichenhausen, Bavaria, June 18, 1836. He attended the Saint Anna College at Augsburg. After having pursued...
 * 5) Adrian Reland (JE | ) Dutch Christian Hebraist and Orientalist; born at Ryp, near Alkmaar, Holland, July 17, 1676; died at Utrecht Feb. 5, 1718...
 * 6) Religi& (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 7) Remainders and Reversions (JE | ) in Anglo-American law the owner of property (especially of land) may and often does grant or devise it to one person for years...
 * 8) Remak (Moses ben Jacob Cordovero) (JE | ) Rabbi of Safed and cabalist; born in 1522; died June 25, 1570. He belonged to a Spanish family, probably of Cordova, whence...
 * 9) Ernst Julius Remak JE (JE | ) German physician; born at Berlin May 26, 1849; son of Robert Remak. He received his education at the universities of Breslau...
 * 10) Robert Remak (JE | ) German physician; born at Posen July 26, 1815; died at Kissingen Aug. 29, 1865. He studied medicine at the University of Berlin...
 * 11) Rembrandt (Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Ryn) (JE | ) Dutch painter; born at Leyden July 15, 1606 or 1607; died at Amsterdam Oct. 8, 1669. He was a contemporary of Manasseh ben...
 * 12) Eduard Remenyi JE (JE | ) Hungarian violinist; born in Eged, Hungary, 1830; died at New York, May 15, 1898. He studied under B&#246;hm at the Vienna...
 * 13) Remnant of Israel (JE | ) Concept of frequent occurrence in the utterances of the Prophets, and closely interwoven in their peculiar construction of...
 * 14) Joseph Ernest Renan (JE | ) French Semitic scholar and thinker; born at Tr&#233;guier Feb. 23, 1823; died at Paris Oct. 2, 1892. Destined for the priesthood...
 * 15) Rent and Repairs (JE | ) -- See L52: Landlord and Tenant
 * 16) Repentance (JE | ) the noun occurs only in post-Biblical literature, but it is derived from the vocabulary of the Bible. Maimonides&#39; dictum...
 * 17) Vale of Rephaim (JE | ) Fertile plain in Judah; the scene of David&#39;s battles with the Philistines (Isa. xvii. 5; II Sam. v. 18 et seq., xxiii...
 * 18) Rephidim (JE | ) Place on the edge of the desert of Sin, where the children of Israel encamped after crossing that desert. The people suffered...
 * 19) Replevin (JE | ) -- See A1234: Alienation and Acquisition.
 * 20) Representative Themes (JE | ) Anticipating in some measure the modern use of the leitmotif, the cantors of the synagogues, as soon as the traditional material...

221 – 240

 * 1) Reptiles (JE | ) in the Biblical account of creation the "creeping things" are divided into the "moving" creatures of the sea (Gen. i. 20)...
 * 2) Rescission (JE | ) -- See J691: Judgement
 * 3) Resh (JE | ) Twentieth letter of the Hebrew alphabet, perhaps so called because the shape of the letter in the Phenician alphabet (see...
 * 4) Resh Galuta (JE | ) -- See E548: Exilarch
 * 5) Resh Kallah (JE | ) the highest officer, except the president, in the academies of Sura and Pumbedita. In each of the two schools there were seven...
 * 6) Resh Lakish (JE | ) -- See S757: Simeon ben La&#7731;ish
 * 7) Residence (JE | ) -- See D425: Domicil
 * 8) Responsa (JE | ) -- See S576: She&#39;elot u-Teshubot
 * 9) Responses (JE | ) the congregational answers to the utterances of the officiant. These were originally what the responses to the benedictions...
 * 10) Responses to Benedictions (JE | ) Any portion of the liturgy which begins with the words "Blessed be Thou, O Lord" ("Baruk attah Adonai"), or which ends with...
 * 11) Restraint of Persons (JE | ) -- See D527: Duress
 * 12) Restraints on Alienation (JE | ) Restraints on the power to sell or encumber land are known to many systems of jurisprudence. The institution of the year of...
 * 13) Resurrection (JE | ) Like all ancient peoples, the early Hebrews believed that the dead go down into the underworld and live there a colorless...
 * 14) Retaliation (JE | ) in the early period of all systems of law the redress of wrongs takes precedence over the enforcement of contract rights,...
 * 15) Moriz Rethy (JE | ) Hungarian mathematician; born at Nagy-K&#246;r&#246;s Nov. 3, 1846; educated at Budapest and Vienna, and at the universities...
 * 16) Reuben (JE | ) Eldest son of Jacob (Gen. xlvi. 8, xlix. 9) by Leah (ib. xxix. 32), to whom he once carried mandrakes which he had found in...
 * 17) Tribe of Reuben (JE | ) Tribe of Israel, descended from Reuben, Jacob&#39;s first-born son, through Reuben&#39;s four sons, Hanoch, Phallu or Pallu...
 * 18) Reuben David Tebele ben Ezekiel (JE | ) Polish Talmudist and printer of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. His name is generally followed by the word ("Troppau"?)...
 * 19) Reuben ben Hayyim (JE | ) Proven&#231;al Talmudist; flourished about the middle of the thirteenth century; brother of the liturgical poet Abraham ben&#7716...
 * 20) Reuben ben Hoshke JE (JE | ) -- See H935: Hoshke

241 – 260

 * 1) Reuben ha-Sefardi (JE | ) Reputed author of "Kelimmat ha-Goyim," a work which attacks Christianity, probably written by Profiat Duran (Efodi) in 1349...
 * 2) Reuben ben Strobilus (JE | ) Jew of the second century C.E.; eminent both as a scholar and for the part he took in the affairs of his time. From references...
 * 3) David Reubeni JE (JE | ) Arab adventurer; born about 1490 in central Arabia, in Khaibar, as he himself stated; died in Llerena, Spain, after 1535....
 * 4) Johann von Reuchlin JE (JE | ) German humanist; born Feb. 22, 1455, at Pforzheim; died June 30, 1522, at Liebenzell, near Hirschau, W&#252;rttemberg. He...
 * 5) Reuel (JE | ) -- See J258: Jethro
 * 6) Eduard Wilhelm Reuss (JE | ) Protestant theologian; born in Strasburg July 18, 1804; died there April 15, 1891. He studied Oriental languages with Gesenius...
 * 7) M&#243;r R&#233;vai (JE | ) Hungarian deputy; born at Eperies in 1860; educated at the universities of Budapest and Leipsic. In 1880 he entered the publishing-house...
 * 8) Book of Revelation (JE | ) the last book in the New Testament canon, yet in fact one of the oldest; probably the only Jud&#230;o-Christian work which...
 * 9) Revelation (JE | ) Term used in two senses in Jewish theology; it either denotes (1) what in rabbinical language is called "Gilluy Shekinah,"...
 * 10) Revenge (JE | ) -- See A2162: Avenger of Blood
 * 11) Giuseppe Revere (JE | ) Italian dramatist and humorist; born at Triest in 1812; died Nov. 22, 1889. He was destined by his parents for a commercial...
 * 12) Admission of Reverts (JE | ) the rabbinical law takes notice of apostates ("mumarim"; the popular name "meshummadim" is of somewhat modern origin); and...
 * 13) Revised Version (JE | ) -- See B1035: Bible Translation
 * 14) Revista Israelita (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 15) Revue des Etudes Juives JE (JE | ) French quarterly, founded July, 1880, at Paris by the Soci&#233;t&#233; des Etudes Juives, and published under the editorship...
 * 16) Revue Isra& (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 17) Revue Orientale (JE | ) A periodical issued in Brussels at irregular intervals. It was published in the French language and was devoted to Jewish...
 * 18) Jean Fran& (JE | ) Alsatian deputy of the French National Assembly from 1789 to 1791, and its president in the latter year; born at Colmar Oct...
 * 19) Rezin (JE | ) Last king of the Damascene dynasty; slain in 732 B.C. With Pekah, King of Israel, he planned a campaign against Ahaz, King...
 * 20) Hugo Rheinhold (JE | ) German sculptor; born March 26, 1853, at Oberlahnstein, Prussia; died at Berlin Oct. 2, 1900. At the age of sixteen, after...

261 – 280

 * 1) Rhinoceros (JE | ) -- See U27: Unicorn
 * 2) Rhode Island (JE | ) One of the original thirteen states of the American Union. The settlement of Jews in the state dates back to 1658 (see Newport)...
 * 3) Rhodes (JE | ) Turkish island in the Aegean Sea, and the largest in the Sporades group. This island has successively borne different...
 * 4) Ri (JE | ) -- See L37: Isaac b. Samuel
 * 5) Riba (JE | ) -- See I184: Isaac ben Asher ha-Levi
 * 6) Ribash (JE | ) -- See I244: Isaac ben Sheshet Barfat
 * 7) Ribeauvill& (JE | ) -- See R115: Rappoltsweiler
 * 8) Jo&#227;o Pinto Ribeiro (JE | ) Portuguese scholar; curator of the royal archives in Torre do Tombe, at Lisbon; died in that city Aug. 11, 1649. He was the...
 * 9) Moses ben Zebi Naphtali Hirsch Sofer Ribkas (JE | ) Russian Talmudist; died at Wilna in 1671 or 1672. He was a member of a Prague family, but settled early in life at Wilna....
 * 10) Riblah (JE | ) Town in the country of Hamath. It is now an insignificant hamlet, known as Riblah, in the Baka&#39;ah, the broad valley...
 * 11) David Ricardo (JE | ) English political economist and publicist; born in London April 19, 1772; died Sept. 11, 1823. The Ricardo family removed...
 * 12) Immanuel Hay ben Abraham Ricchi (Raphael) (JE | ) Italian rabbi, cabalist, and poet; born at Ferrara 1688 (1693, according to Jellinek in "Orient, Lit." vii. 232); killed near...
 * 13) Paulo Riccio JE (JE | ) Jewish convert to Christianity in the first half of the sixteenth century. He was a native of Germany, and after his conversion...
 * 14) Abraham Rice (JE | ) American Talmudist and rabbi; born 1800 at Gagsheim, near W&#252;rzburg, Bavaria; died in Baltimore, Md., Oct. 29, 1862. As...
 * 15) Isaac Leopold Rice (JE | ) American lawyer, author, and chess-player; born Feb. 22, 1850, at Wachenheim in the Rhenish Palatinate. When six years of...
 * 16) Joseph Mayer Rice (JE | ) American physician and editor; born May 27, 1857, at Philadelphia, Pa. He was educated at the public schools of Philadelphia...
 * 17) Sir Benjamin Ward Richardson (JE | ) English physician and friend of the Jews; born at Somersby 1828; died in London Nov. 21, 1896. He received his degree of M...
 * 18) Joseph Shalit ben Eliezer Richetti (JE | ) Rabbi of the second half of the seventeenth century; born in Safed, whence he removed to Italy. He was the author of "Sefer...
 * 19) Julia Richman (JE | ) American educator; born in New York city Oct. 12, 1855. She was educated in the public schools of New York and at the Normal...
 * 20) Richmond (JE | ) Capital of Virgina, and, during the Civil war, of the Confederate States of America. By 1785 it had a Jewish community of...

281 – 300

 * 1) Augustinus Ricius (JE | ) Jewish convert to Christianity and astronomer of the fifteenth century. He was a disciple of Abraham Zacuto, and wrote a work...
 * 2) Jacob David b. Zeeb Ridbaz (Willowski) JE (JE | ) Russian rabbi and commentator; born Feb. 7, 1845, in Kobrin, government of Grodno, Russia. He was successively rabbi at Izballin...
 * 3) Riddle (JE | ) Among the ancients, as witness the story of &#338;dipus and the Sphinx, a riddle was a more serious matter than in modern...
 * 4) Paul Rieger (historian) (JE | ) German rabbi and historian; born at Dresden July 4, 1870. He was educated at Dresden and at the universities of Breslau (Ph...
 * 5) Solomon Riemann (JE | ) Traveler of the nineteenth century; died at Vienna about 1873. He was for a time a rich merchant, having made large investments...
 * 6) Elias Elkan Ries (JE | ) American electrical engineer; born at Randegg, Baden, Germany, Jan. 16, 1862. When only three years of age he was taken by...
 * 7) Gabriel Riesser (JE | ) German advocate of the emancipation of the Jews; born at Hamburg April 2, 1806; died there April 22, 1863; youngest son of...
 * 8) Lazarus Jacob Riesser (JE | ) German rabbi, born 1763 in the valley of Riess (hence the name "Riesser"); died March 7, 1828, at Hamburg; father of Gabriel...
 * 9) Rieti (JE | ) Italian family, deriving its name from the city of Rieti in the Pontifical States. Members of it are found at Rieti as early...
 * 10) Rif (JE | ) -- See A1191: Alfasi, Isaac ben Jacob
 * 11) Riga (JE | ) Capital of the government of Livonia, Russia; situated on the River D&#252;na, about 6 miles from its mouth.Jews are first...
 * 12) Right of Eminent Domain (JE | ) the inherent power of the sovereign or state to take private property, generally land, for public use, especially for a highway...
 * 13) Right and Left (JE | ) the right side of things is recognized in many ways as better than the left. The south and north sides of the earth are distinguished...
 * 14) Right and Righteousness (JE | ) Renderings given in the English versions of the Hebrew root "Zadak" and its derivatives "Zaddik,"...
 * 15) Right of Way (JE | ) the law in general distinguishes between the right of private way (that is, A&#39;s right to pass over a certain strip of...
 * 16) Moses Rigotz (JE | ) See Concordance, Talmudical.
 * 17) Rime (JE | ) the early Hebrews have been credited with the knowledge and use of rime. Judah Provencal, according to Azariah dei Rossi ("Me&#39...
 * 18) Rimini (JE | ) Italian town situated on the Adriatic, about 28 miles east-southeast of Forli. It is noted as the place where Gershon Soncino...
 * 19) Rimmon (JE | ) Town of the tribe of Zebulun, on the northeast frontier (Josh. xix. 13, R. V.); the Septuagint renders it, more correctly...
 * 20) Moses Rimos (Remos) (JE | ) Physician, poet, and martyr; born at Palma, Majorca, about 1406; died at Palermo 1430. He was a relative of the Moses Rimos...

301 – 320

 * 1) Rindfleisch (JE | ) German nobleman of R&#246;ttingen, Franconia; persecutor of the Jews in the thirteenth century. During the civil war waged...
 * 2) Max Ring (JE | ) German novelist, lyric poet, and dramatist; born Aug. 4, 1817, at Zauditz, Silesia; died March 28, 1901, at Berlin. He first...
 * 3) Rings (JE | ) Finger-rings, like rings for the ears and the nose, were used as ornaments by the Jews as early as the Biblical period (Ex...
 * 4) Moses Rintel (JE | ) Australian rabbi; born in Edinburgh 1823; died at Melbourne, Victoria, 1880; son of Myer Rintel, Hebraist and Talmudical scholar...
 * 5) Riparian Owners (JE | ) There being but little river navigation in the Holy Land, the Mishnah says nothing as to the rights and duties of landowners...
 * 6) Joseph Shallit ben Eliezer Riquetti JE (JE | ) Scholar of the seventeenth century. He spent his youth at Safed, and subsequently settled at Verona. There in 1646 he published...
 * 7) Rishonim (JE | ) Name applied to the authorities who lived before the one who quotes them. The designation is found in the Talmud, where it...
 * 8) Rites (JE | ) -- See C939: Custom
 * 9) Johann Stephanus Rittangel (JE | ) German controversial writer; born at Forscheim, near Bamberg; died at K&#246;nigsberg 1652. It is stated that he was born...
 * 10) Immanuel Heinrich Ritter (JE | ) German rabbi; born March 13, 1825, in Ratibor, Prussian Silesia; died July 9, 1890, in Johannisbad, Bohemia. While studying...
 * 11) Julius Ritter (JE | ) German physician and author; born in Berlin Oct. 4, 1862; son of Immanuel H. Ritter. He received his degree of M. D. from...
 * 12) Ritual (JE | ) -- See C303: Ceremonies and the Ceremonial Law
 * 13) Ritual Murder (JE | ) -- See B1173: Blood Accusation
 * 14) Riva di Trento (JE | ) Small town on the Lake of Guarda, under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Trent. Christoforo Madruz, Cardinal of Trent and...
 * 15) Rivera (JE | ) Spanish Jewish family that appears in American history at an early date. The family seems to have come from Seville, Spain...
 * 16) Rivista Israelitica (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 17) Miron Davidovich Rivkin (JE | ) Russian writer; born in Vitebsk in 1869. His father, who was employed as clerk in the police department, was a Talmudist of...
 * 18) Rizpah (JE | ) Daughter of Aiah and concubine of Saul. After Saul&#39;s death Rizpah, with the other women of his harem (comp. II Sam. iii...
 * 19) Roads (JE | ) in primitive times the chief use of roads in Palestine was to afford communication with markets. Later on roads were used...
 * 20) Robbery (JE | ) the Mishnah and the Gemara deal with the robber even less severely than Scripture, the reason probably being that, when speaking...

321 – 340

 * 1) Mordecai Robbio (JE | ) Talmudist of the seventeenth century; lived probably in northern Italy. Under the title "Shemen ha-Mor" he wrote responsato...
 * 2) Robert of Bury St Edmunds (JE | ) Alleged martyr of a blood accusation at Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, England, in 1181. No details are known of the circumstances...
 * 3) Rahel Robert (JE | ) See Levin, Rahel.
 * 4) Antonio Rodriques da Robles (JE | ) English Marano merchant and shipper; born at Fund&#259;o, Portugal, about 1620. It is probable that he was one of the Neo-Christians...
 * 5) Isaac (Vicente) de Rocamora (JE | ) Spanish monk, physician, and poet; born about 1600 of Marano parents at Valencia; died April 8, 1684, at Amsterdam. Educated...
 * 6) Rochester (JE | ) Capital of Monroe county, and the third city in size in the state of New York. According to the latest census (1900) it has...
 * 7) R& (JE | ) Prussian town near Frankfort-on-the-Main. A Jewish community existed there probably as early as the middle of the thirteenth...
 * 8) Julius Rodenberg JE (JE | ) German poet and author; born at Rodenberg, Hesse, June 26, 1831. He studied law at the universities of Heidelberg, G&#246...
 * 9) Anton Roder (JE | ) See Rado, Anton.
 * 10) Martin Röder (JE | ) German composer and conductor; born in Berlin April 7, 1851; died at Boston, Mass., June 7, 1895; studied at the K&#246;nigliche...
 * 11) Michael Levi Rodkinson JE (JE | ) -- See F435: Frumkin, Israel Dob
 * 12) Rodosto (JE | ) Port of Turkey in Europe on the Sea of Marmora, 78 miles west of Constantinople. The city had a Jewish community as early...
 * 13) Juan Rodrigo de Castel-Branco JE (JE | ) -- See J577: Juan Rodrigo de Castel-Branca
 * 14) Hippolyte Rodrigues (JE | ) French banker and writer; born at Bordeaux in 1812; died at Paris 1898. He was a son of Isaac Rodrigues-Henriques, head of...
 * 15) Olinde Rodrigues (JE | ) French economist and reformer; born at Bordeaux Oct. 16, 1794; died at Paris Dec. 26, 1850. He was a pupil of the Ecole Normale...
 * 16) Rodriguez (JE | ) in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries many persons bearing the surname Rodriguezwere condemned by the Inquisition to...
 * 17) Roe (JE | ) Rendering in the Authorized Version of the Hebrew which is sometimes translated also "roebuck" and "wild roe," and occasionally...
 * 18) Roebuck (JE | ) -- See H308: Hart
 * 19) Eleazar Sussmann b. Isaac Roedelsheim (JE | ) Dutch scholar, probably of German descent; lived in the first half of the eighteenth century. He was the author of the following...
 * 20) Meyer (Marcus) Roest JE (JE | ) Dutch bibliographer; born at Amsterdam 1821; died there 1890. Becoming connected with a firm of booksellers, he acquired a...

341 – 360

 * 1) Daniel b. Samuel b. Daniel ha-Dayyan Rofe (JE | ) Italian physician of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries; lived at Pisa and Perugia. He devoted much time to the study...
 * 2) Daniel b. Solomon Rofe (JE | ) Italian physician and scholar of the fifteenth century; born at Fano. References to him occur under date of 1430, 1448, and...
 * 3) August Rohling JE (JE | ) Catholic theologian and anti-Semitic author; born in 1839 at Neuenkirchen, province of Hanover, Prussia. He studied at M&#252...
 * 4) Ro& (JE | ) -- See P101: Pastoureaux
 * 5) Jacob ben Isaac ibn Bakoda Roman (JE | ) Bibliographer and writer, of Spanish descent; born at Constantinople about 1570; died at Jerusalem in 1650. He was possessed...
 * 6) Samuel Aaron Romanelli (JE | ) Neo-Hebrew poet; born at Mantua Sept. 19, 1757; died at Casale Monferrato Oct. 17, 1814. A man of great gifts but unsteady...
 * 7) Benjamin Zeeb Wolf ben Samuel Romaner (JE | ) Rabbi and preacher in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He officiated as darshan in Semigrod, and later in Dessau...
 * 8) Samuel Romanin (JE | ) Italian historian; born at Triest in 1808; died at Venice Sept. 9, 1861. Having at an early age lost his parents, who died...
 * 9) Salomo Romano Eliano (JE | ) -- See B224: Baptista, Giovanni Salomo Romano Eliano
 * 10) Leone Romano (JE | ) Italian scholar; born at Rome 1292; died there after 1350. Romano was a friend of the naturalist Benjamin b. Judah, together...
 * 11) Moritz Heinrich Romberg (JE | ) German physician; born at Meiningen, Saxony, Nov. 11, 1795; died in Berlin June 16, 1873. He graduated as doctor of medicine...
 * 12) Rome (JE | ) Capital in ancient times of the Roman republic and empire; in modern times, of the papal dominions and of the kingdom of Italy...
 * 13) Daniel b. Jehiel Romi (JE | ) Scholar and poet of the tenth and eleventh centuries; probably a brother of R. Nathan, author of the "&#39;Aruk." He wrote...
 * 14) Joseph Romi (JE | ) Name by which Joseph b. Judah &#7716;amiz, a pupil of Leon of Modena, is erroneously known. He was the author of "Belil...
 * 15) Romm DAB (JE | ) Family of printers and publishers of Hebrew books in Wilna. The family formerly lived in Grodno, where the book-dealer Baruch...
 * 16) Joseph R& (JE | ) Hungarian sculptor; born at Lovas Ber&#233;ny Feb. 1, 1861. He was destined by his parents for a mercantile career, and studied...
 * 17) Samuel R& (JE | ) Hungarian dermatologist; born at Halas April 1, 1857; educated at Budapest. He was appointed assistant to Prof. Kaposi at...
 * 18) Bezalel b. Joel Ronsburg JE (JE | ) Bohemian Talmudist and rabbi; born 1760; died Sept. 25, 1820, in Prague, where he was dayyan and head of the yeshibah. Zacharias...
 * 19) Root (JE | ) the fundamental or elementary part of a word. So far as is known no Hebrew equivalent of the term "root" was used with a philological...
 * 20) David Roquemartine (JE | ) French scholar; a native of Roquemartine; flourished in the fourteenth century. He was the author of "Zekut Adam," giving...

361 – 380

 * 1) Jacob Rosales (Immanuel Bocarro Frances y Rosales) (JE | ) Physician, mathematician, astrologer, and poet; born in 1588 or, according to some, in 1593, at Lisbon; died either at Florence...
 * 2) Rosanes >> Judah Rosanes JE (JE | ) Family, originally from Rosas, a Spanish seaport. Members of it emigrated to Portugal at the end of the fifteenth century...
 * 3) Jacob Rosanes (JE | ) German mathematician; born Aug. 16, 1842, at Brody, Galicia. He received a common-school education in his native town and...
 * 4) Rose (JE | ) This flower is not mentioned in the Bible, and the earliest reference to it occurs in Ecclus. (Sirach) xxiv. 14. It is mentioned...
 * 5) Arnold Josef Ros& JE (JE | ) Romanian violinist; born at Jassy Oct. 24, 1863. He began his musical studies at the age of seven, and at ten entered the...
 * 6) Hannah, Countess of Rosebery (JE | ) English social leader and philanthropist; born in London July 27, 1851; died at Dalmeny Park, Scotland, Nov. 19, 1890; only...
 * 7) Mordecai Raphael ben Jacob Rosello (Ruscelli) (JE | ) Scholar and liturgical poet of the first half of the sixteenth century; born in Barcelona, where his family occupied a prominent...
 * 8) Joseph b. Isaac Rosen (JE | ) Ab bet din and, subsequently, rabbi in Russia; born in the first half of the nineteenth century at Horodok, near Pinsk; died...
 * 9) Mathias Rosen (JE | ) Polish banker and member of the council of state; born at Warsaw 1804; died there 1865. In 1846 he succeeded to his father&#39...
 * 10) Milton Joseph Rosenau (JE | ) American physician; born at Philadelphia Jan. 1, 1869; educated at the University of Pennsylvania (M.D. 1889). For more than...
 * 11) William Rosenau (JE | ) American rabbi; born at Wollstein, Germany, May 30, 1865. He attended successively the gymnasium of Hirschberg (Silesia),...
 * 12) Hyman Pollock Rosenbach (JE | ) American journalist; born at Philadelphia Sept. 16, 1858; died there March 4, 1892. He was connected with the "Public Ledger"...
 * 13) Ottomar Ernst Felix Rosenbach JE (JE | ) German physician; born Jan. 4, 1851, at Krappitz, Silesia, where his father, Samuel Rosenbach, practised medicine. He received...
 * 14) Arnold Rosenbacher (JE | ) Austrian lawyer and communal worker; born in Prague April 4, 1840; educated at the gymnasium and the university of his native...
 * 15) Daniel Bezalel Rosenbaum (JE | ) -- See R358: Ronsburg, Bezalel b. Joel
 * 16) Abraham Hayyim Rosenberg (JE | ) Russian-American writer; born at Pinsk, Russia, Oct. 17, 1838; a descendant of the Jaffe family. Educated at home and at the...
 * 17) Albert Rosenberg (JE | ) German physician: born Sept. 17, 1856, at Schloppe, West Prussia; educated at the University of Berlin (M.D. 1880). Of his...
 * 18) Julius Rosenberg UNR (JE | ) Hungarian deputy; born at Kis-Czell Sept. 12, 1856; educated at Steinamanger and Raab, later studying law at Budapest (LL...
 * 19) Moritz Rott (JE | ) -- See R448: Rott, Moritz
 * 20) Josef Michel Rosenblatt (JE | ) Austrian barrister; born March 20, 1853, at Cracow, Galicia, in which city he received his education, graduating from the...

381 – 400

 * 1) Mordecai ben Menahem Rosenblatt (JE | ) Russian rabbi; born at Autopoli, government of Grodno, on the 3d of Iyyar, 1837. After having studied under Isaac Hirsch,...
 * 2) Simon W Rosendale (JE | ) American lawyer; born at Albany, N. Y., June 23, 1842; graduated from Barre Academy, Vermont. He was admittedto the bar in...
 * 3) Jacob Rosenfeld (JE | ) Russian journalist and publisher; born in Austria 1839; died in Minsk, Russia, 1885. His parents emigrated to Russia, where...
 * 4) Leopold Rosenfeld (JE | ) Danish composer; born in Copenhagen July 21, 1849. He was originally destined for a mercantile career, and spent six years...
 * 5) Mordecai Jonah Rosenfeld (JE | ) Galician author of Hebrew books; born at Dynow, near Przemysl, Galicia, Oct. 21, 1797; died at Sosnica June 5, 1885. When...
 * 6) Morris Rosenfeld (JE | ) Yiddish poet; born at Boksha, government of Suwalki, Russian Poland, Dec. 28, 1862, educated at Boksha, Suwalki, and Warsaw...
 * 7) Samson Wolf Rosenfeld (JE | ) German rabbi; born at Markt Uhlfeld, Bavaria, Jan. 4, 1780; died at Bamberg May 12, 1862. At the age of thirteen he entered...
 * 8) Sydney Rosenfeld (JE | ) American dramatist; born in Richmond, Va., Oct. 26, 1855; educated in the public schools of Richmond and New York.When the...
 * 9) George Rosenhain (JE | ) German mathematician; born June 10, 1816, at K&#246;nigsberg, Prussia; died there May 14, 1887. He was privat-docent at the...
 * 10) Jakob (Jacques) Rosenhain (JE | ) German pianist; born at Mannheim. Dec. 27, 1813; died at Baden-Baden March 21, 1894. A one-act piece of his entitled "Der...
 * 11) Moritz Rosenhaupt (JE | ) German cantor; born at Offenbach on the Glan, Rhenish Prussia, March 14, 1841, where his father was rabbi and teacher; died...
 * 12) Ernst Friedrich Karl Rosenm& (JE | ) Christian Orientalist and theologian; born Dec. 10, 1768, at. Hesselberg; died at Leipsic Sept. 17, 1835. He studied at Erlangen...
 * 13) Christian Knorr, Baron von Rosenroth JE (JE | ) Christian Hebraist; born at Alt-Randen, in Silesia, July 15, 1631. After having completed his studies in the universities...
 * 14) Moses Rosensohn (JE | ) Russian Hebraist; born in the first quarter of the nineteenth century at Wilna, where he lived all his life in affluent circumstances...
 * 15) Samuel Siegmund Rosenstein (JE | ) German physician; born at Berlin Feb. 20, 1832; son of Rabbi Elhanan Rosenstein, and grandson of Rabbi Rosenstein of Bonn...
 * 16) Rosenthal (JE | ) One of several families of that name flourishing in Russia. The ancestor of this particular family was Solomon of Wirballen...
 * 17) David Rosenthal (JE | ) Polish physician; born 1808 at Tarnogrod, Lublin; died 1889. His father was district physician of Zamoisk and on the staff...
 * 18) David Augustus Rosenthal (JE | ) German physician and author; born at Neisse, in Silesia, in the year 1812; died at Breslau March 29, 1875. He was educated...
 * 19) Eduard Rosenthal (JE | ) German jurist; born Sept. 6, 1853, at W&#252;rzburg. He studied at W&#252;rzburg, Heidelberg, and Berlin (LL.D., W&#252;rzburg...
 * 20) Eliezer (Lazar) Rosenthal (JE | ) German bibliographer and owner of a famous collection of books at Hanover; born April 13, 1794, at Nasielsk, in the government...

401 – 420

 * 1) Ferdinand Rosenthal (JE | ) German rabbi; born at Kenese, Hungary, Nov. 10, 1839; educated at several Talmud Torahs, the gymnasium at Vienna, and the...
 * 2) Harry Louis Rosenthal (JE | ) English exegete; born about 1860 at Vladislavov (Neustadt-Schirwindt), Poland. In 1869 he accompanied his mother and sisters...
 * 3) Herman Rosenthal JE (JE | ) American author, editor, and librarian; born at Friedrichstadt, province of Courland, Russia, Oct. 6, 1843; educated at Bauske...
 * 4) Isidor Rosenthal (JE | ) German physiologist; born at Labischin, near Bromberg, Posen, July 16, 1836; died in 1904. Graduating as M.D. from the University...
 * 5) Jacob Rosenthal (JE | ) Polish physician; born at Warsaw; son of David Rosenthal; studied medicine at Berlin and Warsaw. In 1870 he became physician...
 * 6) Joseph Rosenthal (JE | ) Russo-Jewish scholar; born at Suwalki, in the government of the same name in Russian Poland, Feb. 14, 1844. He began the study...
 * 7) Julius Rosenthal (JE | ) American lawyer; born in Liedolsheim, grand duchy of Baden, Germany, Sept. 17, 1828. He was educated at the lyceum at Rastadt...
 * 8) Leon (Judah L&#246;b b. Moses ha-Levi) Rosenthal (JE | ) Russian financier, philanthropist, and communal worker; born in Wilna Nov. 16, 1817; died in Locarno, Switzerland, June 19...
 * 9) Markus Rosenthal (JE | ) -- See R453: R&#243;zsav&#246;lgyi (Rosenthal), Markus
 * 10) Max Rosenthal (JE | ) American painter and engraver; born at Turek, near Kalisz, Russian Poland, Nov. 23, 1833. He studied at Berlin under Karl...
 * 11) Moritz Rosenthal (physician) (JE | ) Austrian physician; born at Grosswardein, Hungary, 1833; died in Vienna Dec. 30, 1889. Educated at the University of Vienna...
 * 12) Moritz Rosenthal (JE | ) Austrian pianist; born at Lemberg 1862; studied successively under Galath, Mikuli, and Raphael Joseffy. In 1875 the family...
 * 13) Samuel Rosenthal (JE | ) Chess - master; born 1838 in Suwalki, Russian Poland; died in Paris Sept. 25, 1902. After the last Polish revolution he fled...
 * 14) Solomon Rosenthal (JE | ) Hungarian scholar; born in Mo&#243;r, Hungary, June 13, 1764; died at Pesth April 8, 1845. His father, Naphtali Rosenthal...
 * 15) Toby Edward Rosenthal (JE | ) American artist; born at New Haven, Conn., March 15, 1848. He received a public-school education at San Francisco, whither...
 * 16) Hugo Rosenthal-Bonin (JE | ) German author; born at Berlin Oct. 14, 1840; died at Stuttgart April 7, 1897. After having studied natural science at the...
 * 17) Adolf Rosenzweig (JE | ) German rabbi; born Oct. 20, 1850, at Turdossin, Hungary. He studied at the gymnasium at Budapest and at the rabbinical seminary...
 * 18) Gerson Rosenzweig (JE | ) Russian-American editor, author, and poet; born at Byelostok, Russia, April, 1861. He received his education in the Jewish...
 * 19) Julie Eichberg Rosewald (JE | ) American prima donna; fourth daughter of Moritz Eichberg, cantor in Stuttgart; born in that city March 7, 1847. After finishing...
 * 20) Andrew Rosewater (JE | ) American engineer; born in Bohemia Oct. 31, 1848. When very young he removed with his family to the United States, settling...

421 – 440

 * 1) Edward Rosewater (JE | ) American editor and newspaper proprietor; born at Bukovan, in Bohemia, in 1841. He was educated at the high school of Prague...
 * 2) Victor Rosewater (JE | ) American editor and economist; born in Omaha, Neb., 1871; son of Edward Rosewater; educated in Columbia University, New York...
 * 3) Rosh (JE | ) -- See A1930: Asher ben Jehiel
 * 4) Rosh ha-Shanah (JE | ) -- See N246: New-Year
 * 5) Rosh ha-Shanah (JE | ) Eighth treatise of the order Mo&#39;ed; it contains (1) the most important rules concerning the calendar year together with...
 * 6) Rosh Yeshibah (JE | ) -- See Y35: Yeshibah
 * 7) David Rosin JE (JE | ) German theologian; born at R&#242;senberg, Silesia, May 27, 1823; died at Breslau Dec. 31, 1894. Having received his early...
 * 8) Heinrich Rosin (JE | ) German jurist; born at Breslau Sept. 14, 1855. In 1880 he established himself as privat-docent in the law department of the...
 * 9) Heinrich Rosin (physician) (JE | ) German physician; born at Berlin Aug. 28, 1863; son of David Rosin. He studied at Breslau and Freiburg (M.D. 1887), and in...
 * 10) Isaac Rosnosky (JE | ) American merchant and communal worker; born at Wollstein, Prussia, Nov. 6, 1846; son of Henry and Zelda Rosnosky. He went...
 * 11) Azariah ben Moses dei Rossi JE (JE | ) Italian physician and scholar; born at Mantua in 1513 or 1514; died in 1578. He was descended from an old Jewish family which...
 * 12) Giovanni Bernardo De Rossi JE (JE | ) Italian Christian Hebraist; born Oct. 25, 1742, in Castelnuovo; died in Parma March, 1831. He studied in Ivrea and Turin....
 * 13) Moses ben Jekuthiel de Rossi (JE | ) Roman rabbi of the fourteenth century. Between 1373 and 1390 he wrote a compendium of Jewish rites, entitled "Sefer ha-Tadir...
 * 14) Solomon Rossi (JE | ) Rabbi and composer; lived in Mantua during the latter part of the sixteenth and the beginning of the seventeenth century....
 * 15) Rossiena (Rossieny) (JE | ) District city in the government of Kovno, Russia. It had a prosperous Jewish community in the first half of the nineteenth...
 * 16) Rostock (JE | ) -- See M319: Mecklenburg
 * 17) Rostof (JE | ) Russian fortified commercial and manufacturing town on the Don; formerly in the government of Yekaterinoslaf; since 1888 included...
 * 18) Rota (JE | ) -- See B83: Badge
 * 19) Moritz Roth (JE | ) Swiss physician; born at Basel Dec. 25, 1839; educated at the universities of W&#252;rzburg, G&#246;ttingen, Berlin, and Basel...
 * 20) Philipp Roth (JE | ) German violoncellist; born at Tarnowitz, Upper Silesia, Oct. 25, 1853; died at Berlin June 9, 1898. He studied under Wilhelm...

441 – 460

 * 1) Wilhelm Roth (JE | ) Austrian rhinologist; born at Kluckno, Hungary, Oct. 10, 1848. He received his education at the gymnasium at Eperies, Hungary...
 * 2) Rothenburg (JE | ) Town of Middle Franconia, Bavaria, situated on the Tauber, 41 miles west of Nuremberg. Jews must have been settled there as...
 * 3) Eliakim Gottschalk Rothenburg (JE | ) -- See E192: Eliakim Gottschalk of Rothenburg
 * 4) Moses ben Mordecai S& (JE | ) German rabbi; born about 1665; died at Altona Jan. 12, 1712. He was successively rabbi of Tykoczin, Brest-Litovsk, and Altona...
 * 5) Rothschild (JE | ) Celebrated family of financiers, the Fuggers of the nineteenth century, deriving its name from the sign of a red shield borne...
 * 6) David Rothschild (rabbi) (JE | ) German rabbi and author; born at Hamm, Westphalia, Nov. 16, 1816; died at Aachen Jan. 28, 1892. After completing his studies...
 * 7) Menahem Mendel Rothschild (Bacharach, Ashkenazi) (JE | ) German rabbi; born in Frankfort-on-the-Main about 1650; died in Worms Oct., 1731. He was the grandson of Isaac, head of the...
 * 8) Moritz Rott (Rosenberg) (JE | ) Austrian actor, nephew of the composer Ignaz Moseheles; born at Prague Sept. 17, 1797; died in Berlin 1860. He was the leading...
 * 9) Rouelle (JE | ) -- See B83: Badge
 * 10) Rouen (JE | ) Ancient capital of Normandy, and now the administrative center of the department of Seine-Inf&#233;rieure; situated on the...
 * 11) Roussillon (JE | ) Province of ancient France, now forming the department of Pyr&#233;n&#233;es-Orientales. Jews settled there in the early part...
 * 12) Leo S Rowe (JE | ) American economist; born in McGregor, Iowa, Sept. 17, 1871. He entered the Arts Department of the University of Pennsylvania...
 * 13) Markus R& (Rosenthal) (JE | ) Hungarian composer; born at Balassa-Gyarmath 1787; died at Pesth Jan. 23, 1848. Having a native love for music, he went at...
 * 14) Joseph R&#243;zsay (JE | ) Hungarian physician; born at Lackenbach March 15, 1815; died at Budapest May 19, 1885. Educated at Nagy-Kanizsa, Szombathely...
 * 15) Marcus Rubin (JE | ) Danish statistician and author; born in Copenhagen March 5, 1854. He studied at the university of his native city (B.A. 1871)...
 * 16) Solomon Rubin JE (JE | ) Galician Neo-Hebrew author; born in Dolina, Galicia, April 3, 1823. He was educated for the rabbinate, but, being attracted...
 * 17) Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein (JE | ) Russian pianist and composer; born Nov. 16 (28), 1829, in the village of Wechwotynetz (Vikhvatinetz), near Jassy, Bessarabia...
 * 18) Isaac Rubinstein (JE | ) Austrian deputy; born at Czernowitz in 1805; died at Ischl Sept. 1, 1878. He was a member of the town council and vice-president...
 * 19) Josef Rubinstein (composer) (JE | ) Russian pianist and composer; born at Staro-Constantinov Feb. 8, 1847; died by his own hand at Lucerne Sept. 15, 1884. He...
 * 20) Nikolai (Nicholas) Rubinstein (JE | ) Russian pianist; born in Moscow June 2, 1835; died in Paris March 23, 1881; brother of Anton Rubinstein. He received his early...

461 – 480

 * 1) Susanna Rubinstein (JE | ) Austrian psychologist; born at Czernowitz, Bukowina, Sept. 20, 1847. She was the daughter of an Austrian deputy. In 1870 she...
 * 2) Ernst Traugott Rubo (JE | ) German jurist; born at Berlin July 8, 1834; died there March, 1895. Educated at the University of Heidelberg (LL.D. 1857)...
 * 3) Julius Rubo (JE | ) German jurist; born at Halberstadt June 9, 1794; died at Berlin March 13, 1866. He attended the gymnasium in Halberstadt,...
 * 4) Jules Rueff (JE | ) French merchant and ship-owner; born at Paris Feb. 16, 1854. At an early age he turned his attention to colonial affairs and...
 * 5) Rufina DAB (JE | ) Smyrna Jewess; lived about the third century of the common era. Her name has been perpetuated in a Smyrniot Greek inscription...
 * 6) Rufus (JE | ) Roman general in the first century of the common era. In the battles after Herod&#39;s death the Romans were assisted against...
 * 7) Rufus Annius (JE | ) -- See A1555: Annius Rufus
 * 8) Tineius Rufus (JE | ) Governor of Judea in the first century of the common era. Jerome, on Zech. viii. 16, has "T. Annius Rufus," and the editor...
 * 9) Christian Friedrich R& (JE | ) German historian and anti-Jewish writer; born at Greifswald March 1, 1781; died at Florence Feb. 1, 1820. As professor of...
 * 10) Golden Rule (JE | ) -- See G301: Golden Rule
 * 11) The thirty-two rules of Eliezer b. Jose ha-Gelili (JE | ) Rules laid down by R. Eliezer b. Jose ha-Gelili for haggadic exegesis, many of them being applied also to halakic interpretation...
 * 12) The seven rules of Hillel (JE | ) Rules given to the sons of Bathyra by Hillel I. as the chief guides for the interpretation of the Scriptures and for the deduction...
 * 13) The thirteen rules of Rabbi Ishmael JE (JE | ) Thirteen rules compiled by Rabbi Ishmael b. Elisha for the elucidation of the Torah and for making halakic deductions from...
 * 14) Isaac R& (JE | ) German rabbi and author; born Feb. 10, 1834, in Holzhausen, near Marburg in Hessen; died at Bonn Sept. 19, 1902. He was educated...
 * 15) Romania (JE | ) Kingdom of southern Europe. If the assertions of Romanian historians are to be accepted, Jews lived in Romania for a considerable...
 * 16) Isaac Moses Rumsch (JE | ) Russian teacher and Hebrew author; born in the village of Zezemer, government of Wilna, April 6, 1822; died in 1894. At the...
 * 17) Solomon Zalman Runkel (JE | ) Rabbi of Mayence and afterward of Worms; died before 1426. Runkel was a cabalist, as is shown by his work "&#7716;atan Damim"...
 * 18) Henry Russell (JE | ) English composer and singer; born at Sheerness Dec. 24, 1812; died in London Dec. 7; 1900. He appeared in infancy in Christmas...
 * 19) Russia >> articles listed under P401 Poland (JE | ) [Much of the history of the Jews of Russia having already appeared under the headings Alexander, Armenia, Caucasus, Cossacks...
 * 20) Russki Yevrei (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals

481 – 500

 * 1) Rustchuk (JE | ) City of Bulgaria, on the southern bank of the Danube. It was founded by the Russians in 968, was occupied in turn by the Greeks...
 * 2) Rusticanus (JE | ) -- See B936: Berthold of Regensburg
 * 3) Book of Ruth (JE | ) the Book of Ruth, which is poetically idyllic in character, although the narrative is in the form of prose, contains an episode...
 * 4) Ruth Rabbah JE (JE | ) A haggadic and homiletic interpretation of the Book of Ruth, which, like that of the four other scrolls ("megillot"), is included...
 * 5) Carl Victor Ryssel (JE | ) German Protestant theologian; born at Reinsberg, Saxony, Dec. 18, 1849; died at Zurich. March 2, 1905. Having completed his...