Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/S3

1001 – 1020

 * 1) Spell (JE | ) -- See I123: Incantation
 * 2) Jacob Hirsch Sperling (JE | ) Austrian teacher of religion at the Jewish school and the German gymnasium in Lemberg, where he was born in 1837; died Dec...
 * 3) Speyer (JE | ) Bishopric of Rhenish Bavaria. The first mention of a Jewish community in Speyer occurs during the episcopate of Bishop R&#252...
 * 4) Speyer (JE | ) German family doubtless deriving its name from the German city of Speyer. Members of it had settled in Frankfort-on-the-Main...
 * 5) Jacob Samuel Speyer (JE | ) Dutch philologist; born at Amsterdam Dec. 20, 1849. He studied at Amsterdam and at Leyden (Ph.D. 1872); and thereafter officiated...
 * 6) Spices (JE | ) Aromatic vegetable substances used in preparing food or in compounding salves or perfumes.With the exception of salt, no condiments...
 * 7) Max Spicker (JE | ) German musician; born at K&#246;nigsberg, Prussia, Aug. 16, 1858. Educated at the Conservatorium, Leipsic, he in 1878 traveled...
 * 8) Spider (JE | ) -- See I151: Insects
 * 9) Frederick S Spiegel (JE | ) American jurist; born at Hovestadt, Westphalia, Prussia, Nov. 20, 1858. He attended the gymnasium at Paderborn, Westphalia...
 * 10) Sir Isidore Spielmann (JE | ) English engineer and communal worker; born in London July 21, 1854. He was trained as an engineer, but developed great interest...
 * 11) Marion H. Spielmann (JE | ) English author and art critic; born in London May 22, 1858; educated at University College School and University College,...
 * 12) Alfonso de Spina (Espina) (JE | ) One of the most inveterate enemies of the Jews and of Judaism&#8212;to which he never belonged, despite the assertions of...
 * 13) Joel Elias Spingarn (JE | ) American educator; born in New York city May 17, 1875. He was graduated from Columbia University in 1895, and took postgraduate...
 * 14) Spinnholz (JE | ) -- See M215: Marriage Ceremonies
 * 15) Spinning (JE | ) Spinning and weaving are arts of extreme antiquity, dating back even to prehistoric times. The Egyptians were especially expert...
 * 16) Baruch (Benedict de Spinoza) Spinoza (JE | ) Dutch philospher and Biblical critic; born at Amsterdam Nov. 24, 1632; died at the Hague Feb. 21, 1677. The family name is...
 * 17) Spira (Spiro) >> Elijah Spira JE, Nathan Nata Spira REF:JE (JE | ) Family of scholars and rabbis of Speyer, Rhenish Bavaria, with numerous branches in other parts of Germany, and in Bohemia...
 * 18) Spirit (JE | ) -- See H865: Holy Spirit
 * 19) Conception of Spirits (JE | ) -- See D245: Demonology
 * 20) Joseph Moses Spiro (JE | ) Austrian rabbi and Talmudic author; born in Trietsch, Moravia, about 1770; died at Kanitz, Moravia, Aug. 3, 1830. He was educated...

1021 – 1040

 * 1) Abraham (Naphtali Hirsch) ben Moses ha-Levi Spitz (JE | ) Moravian rabbi; born about 1628; died at Worms in 1712. In 1663 he was appointed rabbi of a Moravian congregation, and in...
 * 2) Isaac (Eizig) Spitz (JE | ) Ab det din in Bunzlau, Bohemia; born 1764; died in Bunzlau May 6, 1842. He wrote "Mat&#39;amme YizChak,"...
 * 3) Me& (JE | ) Rabbi of Oronie, Hungary, in the eighteenth century. He wrote "Katit la-Ma&#39;or," halakic novell&#230; to some Talmudic...
 * 4) Moritz Spitz (JE | ) American rabbi; born at Csaba, Hungary, Oct. 14, 1848. He was educated at the University of Prague, and received his rabbinical...
 * 5) Yom-Tob ben Isaac Spitz (JE | ) Teacher of Hebrew and German in the Jewish school of Prague during the first half of the nineteenth century. He was the author...
 * 6) Zebi Hirsch Spitz (JE | ) German author and Talmudist of the eighteenth century. He wrote "Dibre &#7716;akamim we-&#7716;idotam" (Offenbach, 1802),...
 * 7) Benjamin Solomon Spitzer (JE | ) Austrian rabbi and champion of Orthodoxy; died in Vienna, at an advanced age, Dec. 5, 1893. He was the son-in-law of R. Moses...
 * 8) Friedrich (Samuel) Spitzer (JE | ) French art collector and dealer; born in Presburg 1814; died in Paris 1890. He was the son of the official grave-digger of...
 * 9) Samuel Spitzer (JE | ) Hungarian rabbi; born in 1839 at Keszthely, where his father was rabbi; died in 1896; a descendant of Yom-Tob Lipmann...
 * 10) Sigmund Spitzer (JE | ) Austrian physician; born at Nikolsburg, Moravia, 1813; died at Vienna 1894. Two years after receiving his degree of doctor...
 * 11) Simon Spitzer (JE | ) Austrian mathematician; born at Vienna Feb. 3, 1826; died there April 2, 1887. He studied mathematics at the University of...
 * 12) Stacte (JE | ) -- See I125: Incense
 * 13) Stade (JE | ) City in the province of Hanover, Prussia. Its Jews are first mentioned in a charter granted them in 1349. In 1613 they received...
 * 14) Bernhard Stade (JE | ) German Protestant Hebraist and historian of Israel; born in Arnstadt May 11, 1848. He became privat-docent in the University...
 * 15) Joseph Stadthagen (JE | ) German rabbi, apologist, and author; died at Stadthagen Sept. 5, 1715; son of Samson of Metz, where his grandfather Joseph...
 * 16) Staff (JE | ) Herodotus (i. 195) and Strabo (xvi. 746) assert that among the Babylonians every man carried a ring and a staff, which latter...
 * 17) Friedrich Julius Stahl (JE | ) German jurist and publicist; born at Munich Jan. 16, 1802; died at Br&#252;ckenau Aug. 10, 1861. In his eighteenth year he...
 * 18) Wilhelm Stahl (JE | ) German economist; born at Munich June 2, 1812; died at Giessen March 19, 1873. While still very young he lost both parents...
 * 19) Standard (JE | ) -- See F192: Flag
 * 20) Simon Judah Stanislavski (JE | ) Russian author and journalist; born at Nikopol, Yekaterinoslav, Russia, Dec. 18, 1850; son of Moses Stanislavski, a wealthy...

1041 – 1060

 * 1) Joseph Stans ibn Abitur (JE | ) -- See A334: Abitur, Joseph ben Isaac ben Stans ibn
 * 2) Star-worship (JE | ) This is perhaps the oldest form of idolatry practised by the ancients. According to Wisdom xiii. 2, the observation of the...
 * 3) Starokonstantinov (JE | ) City in the government of Volhynia, Russia. Jews seem to have settled in this city soon after it was founded, for during the...
 * 4) Statistics >> Historical Jewish population comparisons JE (JE | ) As referring to Jews, statistics deal mainly with populations, their ages and distribution, Migration, Morbidity, Mortality...
 * 5) Stature (JE | ) Natural height of man. The stature of the Jews is a racial characteristic which has been thoroughly investigated in various...
 * 6) Statutes (JE | ) -- See L106: Law, Civil
 * 7) Hermann Staub (JE | ) German jurist; born at Nikolai, Upper Silesia, March 21, 1856. After having studied for some time at the gymnasium at Beuthen...
 * 8) Daniel Stauber (JE | ) See Widal, A.
 * 9) Joseph Abraham Steblicki (Seblitzky) JE (JE | ) German convert to Judaism; son of a Catholic butcher; born at Nikolai, Upper Silesia, about 1726; died there May 16, 1807...
 * 10) Alfred Steckler (JE | ) American jurist; born in New York city Dec. 18, 1856. He was educated in the public schools of New York city and at Columbia...
 * 11) Steiger (JE | ) -- See M1022: Music, Synagogal
 * 12) Abraham Stein (JE | ) German rabbi; born at Wanfried, Prussia, Jan. 13, 1818; died at Prague Sept. 18, 1884; studied at the Teachers&#39; Seminary...
 * 13) Leopold Stein (JE | ) German rabbi; born in Burgpreppach Nov. 3, 1810; died at Frankfort-on-the-Main Dec. 2, 1882. After finishing his earlier education...
 * 14) Ludwig Stein (JE | ) Hungarian philosopher; born at Erd&#246;-Benye, Hungary, Nov. 12, 1859; educated at the gymnasia of Papa, Saros-Potak, and...
 * 15) Marc Aurel Stein (JE | ) Hungarian Orientalist and archeologist; born at Budapest in 1862; educated at Vienna, T&#252;bingen, Oxford, and London. In...
 * 16) Philip Stein (JE | ) American jurist; born at Steele, Rhenish Prussia, March 12, 1844. He emigrated to the United States in 1854, and was educated...
 * 17) Philipp Stein (JE | ) German author; born Dec. 3, 1853, at K&#246;nigsberg. In 1864 his parents removed with him to Berlin. The death of his father...
 * 18) Stein-am-Anger JE (JE | ) Town in Hungary. Although now one of the largest and most important in the country, the Jewish community of Stein-am-Anger...
 * 19) Emil Steinbach (JE | ) Austrian statesman; born at Vienna June 11, 1846. After graduating from the Vienna University (LL.D.) he established himself...
 * 20) Josef Steinbach (JE | ) Austrian physician; born at F&#252;nfkirchen, Hungary, Jan. 3, 1850. Educated at the gymnasium of his native town and at the...

1061 – 1080

 * 1) Joshua Steinberg JE (JE | ) Russian writer and educator; born in Wilna 1839. He was graduated from the rabbinical school of his native city, and then...
 * 2) Samuel Steinherz (JE | ) Hungarian historian; born at G&#252;ssing, Hungary, Dec. 16, 1857. He received his education at Gratz (Ph.D. 1882; LL.D. 1894)...
 * 3) Georg Steindorff (JE | ) German Egyptologist; born at Dessau Nov. 12, 1861. He studied Oriental languages at Leipsic and Berlin, was appointed privat-docent...
 * 4) Kilian von Steiner (JE | ) German financier; born at Laupheim in 1835; died at Stuttgart Sept. 24, 1903. At first attorney at law, he rose to the leadership...
 * 5) Emanuel Steinfeld (JE | ) Australian statesman; born at Neisse, Silesia, in 1827; died at Melbourne May 6, 1893. He attended the College of Brieg, and...
 * 6) Joseph b. Menahem Mendel Steinhardt JE (JE | ) German rabbi; born about 1720; died at F&#252;rth in 1776; lived in early manhood at Schwabach in Bavaria. His first incumbency...
 * 7) Mendel Steinhardt (JE | ) German rabbi and scholar of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; held the rabbinate of Minden. When the consistory of...
 * 8) Solomon Ludwig (Levy) Steinheim JE (JE | ) German physician, poet, and philosopher; born Aug. 6, 1789, in Altona (according to some authorities, in Bruchhausen, Westphalia)...
 * 9) Clara Steinitz (JE | ) German authoress; born at Kobylin April 16, 1852. She was educated at Halle-on-the-Saale, and in 1873 married Siegfried Heinrich...
 * 10) Wilhelm Steinitz (JE | ) Chess champion of the world from 1866 to 1894; born at Prague, Bohemia, May 17, 1836; died, insane, on Wards Island, New York...
 * 11) Moritz Steinschneider JE (JE | ) Austrian bibliographer and Orientalist; born at Prossnitz, Moravia, March 30, 1816. He received his early instruction in Hebrew...
 * 12) Hermann (Heyman) Steinthal JE (JE | ) German philologist and philosopher; born at Gr&#246;bzig, Anhalt, May 16, 1823; died at Berlin March 14, 1899. He studied...
 * 13) Moritz Steinthal (JE | ) German physician; born at Stendal Oct. 22, 1798; died at Berlin May 8, 1892. He studied at the University of Berlin (M. D...
 * 14) Stephen (JE | ) Hellenist Jewish convert to Christianity who, according to tradition, was martyred at Jerusalem Dec. 26, in the year 29 C...
 * 15) Abraham Stern UNR (JE | ) Polish inventor and educator; born at Hrubieszow, government of Lublin, 1769; died at Warsaw Feb. 3, 1842. He was the son...
 * 16) Adolf Stern (JE | ) German poet and historian of literature; born at Leipsic June 14, 1835. He studied philosophy and history at Leipsic and Jena...
 * 17) Albert Stern (Szter&#233;nyi) (JE | ) Hungarian rabbi; born at Nagy-Kanizsa in 1826; died in the insane asylum at Ofen June 16, 1888; educated at Presburg and Ofen...
 * 18) Alfred Stern (JE | ) German historian; born Nov. 22, 1846, at G&#246;ttingen, where his father, Moriz Abraham Stern (1807-94), was professor of...
 * 19) Basilius Stern (JE | ) Russian educator; born at Tarnopol, Galicia, in 1798; died at Odessa March 15, 1853. He received a thorough Talmudic education...
 * 20) David de Stern, (Viscount Stern) (JE | ) English banker; born in Frankfort-on-the-Main; died in London Jan. 19, 1877. He was a member of a prominent family descendants...

1081 – 1100

 * 1) Henry Abraham Stern (JE | ) Christian missionary; born at Unterreichenbach, Hesse-Cassel, April 11, 1820; died in London May 13, 1885. He obtained his...
 * 2) Baron Hermann de Stern (JE | ) English financier; born in Frankfort-on-the-Main in 1815; died in London Oct. 20, 1887. Together with his brother David de...
 * 3) Julius Stern JE (JE | ) German musician; born at Breslau Aug. 8, 1820; died at Berlin Feb. 27, 1883. He received his elementary education in music...
 * 4) Karoline Stern (JE | ) German prima donna; born at Mayence April 10, 1800; date of death unknown. She studied first under her father, a violinist...
 * 5) Louis Stern (JE | ) American merchant and politician; born at Ziegenhain, Hesse-Cassel, Germany, Feb. 22, 1847. Together with his parents he emigrated...
 * 6) Louis William Stern (JE | ) German psychologist; born in Berlin April 29, 1871; educated at the K&#246;lnische Gymnasium and at the university of his...
 * 7) Max Emanuel (Mendel Bri Stern) Stern (JE | ) Hungarian Hebraist; born at Presburg Nov. 9. 1811; died at Vienna Feb. 9, 1873. He studied under his father, who was a teacher...
 * 8) Moriz Abraham Stern (JE | ) German mathematician; born at Frankfort-on-the-Main June 29, 1807; died at Bern, Switzerland, Jan. 30, 1894. He studied philology...
 * 9) Samuel Stern (JE | ) Hungarian physician; born at Halas, Hungary, Sept. 16, 1839; educated at the universities of Prague and Vienna (M. D. 1858)...
 * 10) Simon Adler Stern (JE | ) American author, editor, and critic; born in Philadelphia 1838; died May 2, 1904. As a boy he displayed marked talent as a...
 * 11) Victor Stern (JE | ) Austrian dramatist; born at Vienna May 5, 1837. After a brief experience in commercial life he turned to literature, receiving...
 * 12) Wilhelm Stern (JE | ) German physician and philosophical writer; born at Sandberg, Posen, Aug. 11, 1844; son of a rabbi. From 1860 to 1865 he attended...
 * 13) Sternberg (JE | ) -- See M319: Mecklenburg
 * 14) Simon Sterne (JE | ) American lawyer; born in Philadelphia July 23, 1839; died in New York Sept. 22, 1901. He was educated in the public schools...
 * 15) Albert Edward Sterner (JE | ) English artist; born in London March 8, 1863. He studied at Julien&#39;s Acad&#233;mie and the Ecole des Beaux Arts, Paris...
 * 16) Julius Stettenheim (JE | ) German humorist; born at Hamburg Nov. 2, 1831. He at first pursued a commercial career, but went in 1857 to Berlin, where...
 * 17) Stettin (JE | ) District of Pomerania, with its capital of the same name. On Dec. 2, 1261, Duke Barnim I. of Pomerania ordered that the Jews...
 * 18) Wilhelm Stiassny (JE | ) Austrian architect; born in Vienna Oct. 15, 1842. He was graduated from the Vienna Polytechnic in 1861, and thereupon studied...
 * 19) Heinrich Stieglitz (JE | ) German writer; born at Arolsen, Waldeck, Feb. 22, 1801; died at Venice Aug. 23, 1849. He was educated at the universities...
 * 20) Julius Oscar Stieglitz (JE | ) American chemist; born at Hoboken, N. J., May 26, 1867; educated in the public schools of New York, the real-gymnasium of...

1101 – 1120

 * 1) Ludwig von Stieglitz (JE | ) Russian banker; born in Arolsen, Waldeck, Germany, in 1778; died at St. Petersburg March 18, 1843. He emigrated to Russia...
 * 2) Josef Stier (JE | ) Hungarian rabbi; born at Neustadt-on-the-Waag, Hungary, April 12, 1844. He was educated at the gymnasium and Talmud Torah...
 * 3) Bertalan Stiller (JE | ) Hungarian physician; born at Miskolez June 23, 1837; studied at Budapest and Vienna (M.D. 1863). In 1864 he was appointed...
 * 4) Benedikt Stilling (JE | ) German anatomist and surgeon; born at Kirchhayn, Hesse, Feb. 22, 1810; died at Cassel Jan. 28, 1879. He studied at the University...
 * 5) Jakob Stilling (JE | ) German ophthalmologist; born at Cassel Sept. 22, 1842; son of Benedikt Stilling. He studied at the universities of Marburg...
 * 6) Johann Ernst Otto Stobbe (JE | ) Christian historian of the Jews; born at K&#246;nigsberg, East Prussia, June 28, 1831; died at Leipsic May 19, 1887. He studied...
 * 7) Stock Exchange (JE | ) -- See F142: Finance
 * 8) Adolf St& (JE | ) German Protestant theologian, politician, and anti-Semitic agitator; born at Halberstadt Dec. 11, 1835. He studied at the...
 * 9) Madame St&#246;ckl (JE | ) -- See H541: Heinefetter, Klara
 * 10) Barend Joseph Stokvis (JE | ) Dutch physician; born at Amsterdam Aug. 16, 1834; died Sept. 28, 1902; son of the physician J. B. Stokvis (1808-87). He studied...
 * 11) Stone and Stone-worship (JE | ) Sacred stones are mentioned with great frequency in the Old Testament; they were erected by Jacob at Beth-el (Gen. xxviii...
 * 12) Precious Stones (JE | ) -- See G131: Gems
 * 13) Stoning (JE | ) -- See C128: Capital Punishment
 * 14) Stork (JE | ) Unclean bird (Lev. xi. 19; Deut. xiv. 18). The name (comp. Latin, "pia avis") alludes to the filial piety and devotion attributed...
 * 15) Karl St& (JE | ) Austrian laryngologist; born at Ofen, Hungary, Sept. 17, 1832; died at Vienna Sept. 13, 1899. He studied at the universities...
 * 16) Hermann Leberecht Strack JE (JE | ) German Protestant theologian and Orientalist; born at Berlin May 6, 1848. Since 1877 he has been assistant professor of Old...
 * 17) Alexander Strakosch (JE | ) Hungarian actor and dramatic teacher; born at Sebes, near Eperies, Hungary, Dec. 3, 1845. After a brief trial of commercial...
 * 18) Moritz Strakosch (JE | ) Austrian pianist, singer, and impresario; born at Br&#252;nn, Austria, 1825; died at Paris Oct. 9, 1887. He made his first...
 * 19) Stranger (JE | ) -- See G142: Gentile
 * 20) Strangulation (JE | ) -- See C128: Capital Punishment

1121 – 1140

 * 1) Strasburg (JE | ) German commercial and fortified city in the province of Alsace-Lorraine. Legend relates that after the destruction of the...
 * 2) Mathias Strashun (JE | ) Russian Talmudist and writer; born in Wilna Oct. 1, 1817; died Dec. 13, 1885. He studied under Manasseh of Ilye and Isaac...
 * 3) Samuel b. Joseph Strashun JE (JE | ) Russian Talmudist; born in Zaskevich, government of Wilna, 1794; died in Wilna March 21, 1872. He was educated by his father...
 * 4) Straus (JE | ) American family, originally from Otterberg, in the Rhenish Palatinate. The earliest member known was one Lazarus, born in...
 * 5) Ludwig Straus (JE | ) Hungarian violinist; born at Presburg March 28, 1835; studied under Hellmesberger and Joseph B&#246;hm (violin), and under...
 * 6) Adolf Strauss (JE | ) Hungarian geographer and ethnologist; born at Cece, Hungary, May 15, 1853; educated at Fehervar and Budapest; in the latter...
 * 7) Charles Strauss (JE | ) French jurist and politician; born at Gundershoffen, Lower Alsace, Oct. 14, 1834. He was graduated from the law school of...
 * 8) Gustave Louis Maurice Strauss (JE | ) British author; born at Trois-Rivi&#232;res, Canada, 1807; died at Teddington, England, Sept. 2, 1887; educated at Linden...
 * 9) Joseph Strauss (JE | ) English rabbi; born in Germany 1848; educated at the Royal Gymnasium at Stuttgart, and at the universities of W&#252;rzburg...
 * 10) Paul Strauss (JE | ) French senator; born at Rongchamp, Haute-Sa&#244;ne, Sept. 23, 1852. He studied at Paris, and was graduated from the Faculty...
 * 11) Street (JE | ) -- See W60: Way
 * 12) Mordecai ben David Strelisker (JE | ) Cantor in the synagogue of Mih&#259;ilen&#301; in Rumania; born in Brody, Galicia, 1809; died Sept., 1875. He spent his youth...
 * 13) Strelitz (JE | ) -- See M319: Mecklenburg
 * 14) Salomon Stricker (JE | ) Austrian pathologist; born at Waag-Neustadt, Hungary, 1834; died at Vienna April 2, 1898. He received his education at the...
 * 15) Stripes (JE | ) the only corporal punishment named in the Pentateuch is that of stripes; and the limitations put upon the judges are that...
 * 16) Eliezer Strischow (JE | ) -- See F170: Fischel, Eliezer b. Isaac
 * 17) Strophic Forms in the Old Testament (JE | ) the strophe may be defined as a union of several lines into one rhythmic whole. Certain evidence points to the occurrence...
 * 18) Bethel Henry (Baruch Hirsch) Strousberg (JE | ) German railway contractor; born at Neidenburg, East Prussia, Nov. 20, 1823; died at Berlin June 1, 1884. After an unsuccessful...
 * 19) Myer (Meyer Strauss) Strouse (JE | ) American lawyer and politician; born in Germany Dec. 16, 1825. In 1832 his parents emigrated to the United States and settled...
 * 20) Hermann Struck (JE | ) German painter; born at Berlin March 6, 1876. He was originally destined for a rabbinical career, but soon showed marked talent...

1141 – 1160

 * 1) Moses Studenzki (JE | ) Polish physician; born in the early part of the nineteenth century at Zbarasz, Galicia, where his father, Aaron Polak, was...
 * 2) Stuhlweissenburg (JE | ) Coronation city of the Hungarian kings from the time of St. Stephen to 1527. As early as the fourteenth century it contained...
 * 3) Stuttgart (JE | ) German city, and capital of the kingdom of W&#252;rttemberg. The first historical mention of Stuttgart dates from the administration...
 * 4) Styria (JE | ) Austrian province. The first documentary mention of Jews in Styria occurs in connection with the village of Judenburg under...
 * 5) Suasso (JE | ) Spanish family, with branches in Holland and England. The following are the more important members (in chronological order):...
 * 6) Subbotniki JE (JE | ) One of the Russian rationalistic bodies known under the general name of "Judaizing sects" (see Judaizing Heresy). On the whole...
 * 7) Subpoena (JE | ) in English law, a writ which commands witnesses to come into court and to give testimony. Scripture (Lev. v. 1) makes it the...
 * 8) Subscription (JE | ) -- See S704: Signature
 * 9) Succoth (JE | ) the first stopping-place of the Israelites on their way out of Egypt (Ex. xii. 37, xiii. 20; Num. xxxiii. 5 et seq.); probably...
 * 10) Mordecai Suchostaver (JE | ) Galician adherent of the Haskalah, and teacher of philosophy at the rabbinical seminary of Jitomir, Russia; born near Brody...
 * 11) Sufism (JE | ) the mystic and ascetic doctrines of the Mohammedan sect of the Sufis, whose name is derived from the Arabic noun "&#7779;uf"...
 * 12) Suicide (JE | ) the influence of race on the frequency of suicide is evident from statistics giving the rates of mortality from this cause...
 * 13) Sukkah (JE | ) Treatise in the Mishnah, the Tosefta, and both Talmudim, dealing chiefly with the regulations regarding the Feast of Tabernacles...
 * 14) Feast of Sukkot (JE | ) -- See T4: Tabernacles, Feast of
 * 15) Sulamith (JE | ) First Jewish monthly magazine in the German language, its subtitle being "Eine Zeitschrift f&#252;r Bef&#246;rderung der Kultur...
 * 16) Sara Copia (Coppio) Sullam (JE | ) Italian poetess; born in Venice 1592; died there Adar 5 (Feb. 14); 1641; eldest daughter of Simon and Rebecca Coppio. Her...
 * 17) Mordecai Sultansky JE (JE | ) Karaite Chakam; born at Lutzk in 1785; died at Eupatoria, in the Crimea, before 1878. He was one of the most prominent...
 * 18) Louis Sulzbacher (JE | ) American jurist; born in the Rhenish Palatinate, Germany, May 10, 1842. He was educated in Germany, but later emigrated to...
 * 19) Sulzberger >> Mayer Sulzberger JE (JE | ) American family which derived its name from the town of its origin, Sulzb&#252;rg, near Ratisbon, in the Bavarian Palatinate...

1161 – 1180

 * 1) Salomon Sulzer JE (JE | ) Austrian cantor and composer; born at Hohenems, Tyrol, March 30, 1804; died at Vienna Jan. 17, 1890. His family, which prior...
 * 2) Summons (JE | ) Writ, process, or order sent by the court messenger ("shelucha di-rabbanan," or "sheluach bet din"), and commanding...
 * 3) Sumptuary Laws (JE | ) Laws that restrict individual expenditures as to food, clothing, etc. In the Mishnah several expensive customs are abolished...
 * 4) Sun (JE | ) the conceptions of the Hebrews with regard to physical phenomena were those that obtained among their neighbors, the sun being...
 * 5) Blessing of the sun (JE | ) Formula of benediction recited on the day when the sun enters upon a new cycle, which occurs on the first Wednesday of Nisan...
 * 6) Rising and setting of the sun (JE | ) in order to fix the beginning and ending of the Sabbath-day and festivals and to determine the precise hour for certain religious...
 * 7) Sunday and Sabbath (JE | ) -- See S17: Sabbath and Sunday
 * 8) Zebi Hirsch ben Enoch Sundeles (JE | ) Polish scholar of the sixteenth century. He published the following works: "Tefillot mi-Kol ha-Shanah" (Lublin, 1571; Cracow...
 * 9) Sunnah (JE | ) -- See H43: &#7716;adith
 * 10) Supercommentaries (JE | ) -- See B1029: Bible Exegesis
 * 11) Superstition (JE | ) That views and practises borrowed from paganism and not in accord with the monotheistic belief of Israel&#8212;as, for instance...
 * 12) Support (JE | ) -- See H986: Husband and Wife
 * 13) Sura (JE | ) -- See B51: Babylon
 * 14) Suretyship (JE | ) the liability, contract, or undertaking of one who becomes a surety. Reference to a surety occurs only once in the Pentateuch...
 * 15) Surinam (JE | ) -- See W137: West Indies
 * 16) Surnames (JE | ) -- See N51: Names
 * 17) Susa (JE | ) -- See S672: Shushan
 * 18) The History of Susanna (JE | ) One of the books of the Protestant Apocrypha; entitled in some manuscripts "The Judgment of Daniel." the Greek text is extant...
 * 19) Alexander Suslin ha-Kohen (JE | ) -- See A1155: Alexander Suslin
 * 20) Suspended letters (JE | ) There are four suspended or elevated ("teluyah") letters in the Hebrew Bible: (1) the "nun" in, in Judges xviii. 30; (2)...

1181 – 1200

 * 1) Alexander b. Moses S& (JE | ) -- See A1156: Alexander S&#252;sskind b. Moses
 * 2) Alexander b. Samuel S& (JE | ) -- See A1158: Alexander S&#252;sskind b. Samuel
 * 3) Alexander b. Solomon Wimpfen S& (JE | ) Wealthy citizen of Frankfort-on-the-Main, and a resident of Worms in the second half of the thirteenth century; died on the...
 * 4) S&#252;sskind (Suezkint) of Trimberg JE (JE | ) German minnesinger; flourished in the second half of the thirteenth century, or, according to Graetz, about 1200. He is called...
 * 5) Abraham ben Joseph Sussmann (JE | ) Shoche&#7789; in London in the first half of the nineteenth century. He wrote a commentary on Yoreh De&#39;ah in four...
 * 6) Eliezer Sussmann (JE | ) -- See R339: Roedelsheim, Eleazar Sussmann b. Isaac
 * 7) Ezra ben Jekuthiel Sussmann (JE | ) Polish scholar of the eighteenth century. He was the author of "&#7716;oshen Yeshu&#39;ot" (Minsk, 1802), a commentary on...
 * 8) L& (JE | ) Printer of the eighteenth century. In 1750 he established a Hebrew press in the printing-office of Johann Jansen in Amsterdam...
 * 9) Shabbethai ben Eliezer Sussmann (JE | ) Scholar of the eighteenth century. He compiled under the title "Me&#39;ir Natib" (Altona, 1793-1802) a general index, in three...
 * 10) Abraham Sutro (JE | ) German rabbi; born at Br&#252;ck, near Erlangen, July 5, 1784; died at M&#252;nster Oct. 10, 1869. He studied in the yeshibot...
 * 11) Adolph Heinrich Joseph Sutro (JE | ) in 1879 Sutro sold his interest in the company and returned to San Francisco, where, during the Kearny riots and sand-lot...
 * 12) Alfred Sutro JE (JE | ) English author and dramatist; born in London about 1870; educated at the City of London School and in Brussels. He began his...
 * 13) Theodore Sutro (JE | ) American lawyer; born at Aix-la-Chapelle, Prussia, March 14, 1845. When only five years of age he emigrated with his parents...
 * 14) Karl Sv& (JE | ) Hungarian landed proprietor, and member of the Hungarian Upper House; born at Csongrad in 1829; educated at the real-school...
 * 15) Sviit (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 16) Swallow (JE | ) Rendering in the English versions for "deror" (Ps. lxxxiv. 4 [A. V. 3]; Prov. xxvi. 2) and for "sus" or "sis" (Isa. xxxviii...
 * 17) Swan (JE | ) the rendering of the Authorized Version for "tinshemet" (Lev. xi. 18; Deut. xiv. 16). The Revised Version, more correctly...
 * 18) Swaying the body (JE | ) the habit of swaying the body during study and prayer has been peculiar to the Jews from very early times, and it is one still...
 * 19) Sweden >> History of the Jews in Sweden JE (JE | ) Kingdom of northern Europe. The existence of Jews in Sweden in the seventeenth century is vouched for by church records at...
 * 20) Swine (JE | ) Rendering in the English versions of the Hebrew "Chazir." the swine is enumerated among the unclean animals (Lev. xi...

1201 – 1220

 * 1) Switzerland (JE | ) Republic of central Europe. Jews were living at Basel as early as 1213, and ten years later the church chattels were pawned...
 * 2) Sword (JE | ) the sword hung at the hip from a sword-belt (I Sam. xvii. 39; xxv. 13; II Sam. xx. 8), probably on the left side, Judges iii...
 * 3) Sycamore (JE | ) A medium-sized bushy tree of Syria and Egypt, allied to the common fig. It is often mentioned in the Bible (Amos vii. 14;...
 * 4) Sydney (JE | ) Capital of New South Wales, Australia. Its congregation dates from 1817, when about a score of Jews formed a Chebra &#7731...
 * 5) Syene (JE | ) Ancient city of Egypt on the Ethiopian frontier in the Thebaid; situated on the eastern bank of the Nile, equidistant from...
 * 6) James Joseph Sylvester (JE | ) English mathematician and Savilian professor of geometry in the University of Oxford; born in London Sept. 3, 1814; died there...
 * 7) Symbol (JE | ) A visible representation of an object or an idea. In Hebrew the word denoting symbol is "ot," which in early Judaism denoted...
 * 8) Symmachus (JE | ) Translator of the Bible into Greek; flourished at the end of the second or the beginning of the third century of the common...
 * 9) Synagogal Music JE (JE | ) -- See M1022: Music, Synagogal
 * 10) Die Synagoge (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 11) Das Synagogenblatt (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 12) Synagogue (JE | ) the origin of the synagogue, in which the congregation gathered to worship and to receive the religious instruction connected...
 * 13) Synagogue Architecture JE (JE | ) Ancient Jewish art is mainly represented by the Temple and its fittings, of which all that is left to contemplate is the lower...
 * 14) The Great Synagogue (JE | ) the members of the Great Synagogue, or the Great Assembly, are designated in the Mishnah (Ab. i. 1) as those representatives...
 * 15) Synod (JE | ) Representative council, composed of rabbis and laymen, and convened to deliberate upon and determine points of Jewish doctrine...
 * 16) Synod of Four Countries (JE | ) -- See C828: Council of Four Lands
 * 17) The Great Synod (JE | ) -- See S1214: Synagogue, The Great
 * 18) Synod of Usha EL:JE (JE | ) in the middle of the second century C.E. an important synod of rabbinical authorities was convened in the Galilean city of...
 * 19) Syracuse, New York (JE | ) City in the state of New York; situated on Lake Onondaga. The first settlement of Jews in Syracuse dates back to 1839, when...
 * 20) Syria >> History of the Jews in Syria JE (JE | ) Country in Asiatic Turkey. The terms "Syria" and "Syrians" do not occur in Hebrew; they are found first in the Greek period...

1221 – 1240

 * 1) Maximilian Syrkin (JE | ) Russian jurist and editor; born at Ponjewezh, government of Kovno, Oct. 27, 1858; a descendant of the family of Joel Sirkes...
 * 2) Syzygies (JE | ) -- See C1: Cabala
 * 3) Max Szabolcsi (JE | ) Hungarian author; born at Tura Aug. 27, 1857. In his youth he studied Talmud, and for a short time attended the rabbinical...
 * 4) Szanto (Abauj-Szanto) (JE | ) Town of Hungary, on the slope of the hills of Tokay. Its Jewish community is one of the oldest in the country. Its age is...
 * 5) Emil Szanto (JE | ) Austrian philologist; born at Vienna Nov. 22, 1857; died there Dec. 14, 1904; son of Simon Szanto. He studied at the University...
 * 6) Simon Szanto (JE | ) Hungarian journalist; born at Nagy-Kanizsa, Hungary, Aug. 23, 1819; died in Vienna Jan. 17, 1882. He was a son of Rabbi Me&#239...
 * 7) Szegedin (JE | ) Town of central Hungary. Jews are mentioned there as tax-farmers during the Turkish rule in Hungary (1552). When the Turks...
 * 8) Philip Szenes (JE | ) Hungarian painter; born at T&#246;r&#246;k Szent Miklos in 1864. After studying at the technical school at Budapest, he devoted...
 * 9) Emerich Szerencs& (Fortunatus) (JE | ) Hungarian deputy treasurer; died Aug., 1526. As a married man he had had illicit intercourse with a Christian woman, and when...
 * 10) Moriz Szilasi (JE | ) Hungarian philologist; born 1854; died at Klausenburg, Hungary, May 15, 1905. He studied philology at Budapest and Leipsic...
 * 11) Adolf Szili (JE | ) Hungarian ophthalmologist; born at Budapest in 1848; educated at Vienna (M.D. 1872). In 1874 he went to Budapest, where he...
 * 12) Benjamin Szold (JE | ) American rabbi and scholar; a leader of the conservative wing of the Reform movement in America; born at Nemiskert, county...
 * 13) Henrietta Szold (JE | ) Eldest daughter of Benjamin Szold; born at Baltimore, Md. Since 1893 she has been secretary of the literary committee of the...