Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/V

1 – 20

 * 1) Vaez (JE | ) Prominent family of Lisbon, whose foremost members, the four brothers Immanuel, Pedro, Ayres, and Salvador, resided in Portugal as Maranos ......
 * 2) Albin Valabrègue (JE | ) French dramatist; born at Carpentras, Vaucluse, Dec. 17, 1853. He is one of the most prolific of modern French dramatists, ......
 * 3) Mardochee-Georges Valabrègue (JE | ) French general; born at Carpentras, Vaucluse, Sept. 20, 1852. He was educated at the Ecole Polytechnique and the Ecole d'Application ......
 * 4) Valence (JE | ) Chief town of the department of the Drome and former capital of the county of Valentinois in the ancient province ......
 * 5) Valencia (JE | ) Capital of the former kingdom of the same name. During the dominion of the Moors, Valencia had a Jewish community ......
 * 6) Gabriel Gustav Valentin (JE | ) German physiologist; born at Breslau July, 1810; died at Bern, Switzerland, May 24, 1883. He was educated at the University ......
 * 7) Valentinois (JE | ) -- See V4: Valence
 * 8) Samuel ben Judah Valerio (JE | ) Physician and author who lived in the Grecian Archipelago in the second half of the sixteenth century. He wrote the ......
 * 9) Moses David Vali (Valle) (JE | ) Italian rabbi and physician; born at Padua; died there 1777. He was a cabalistic scholar of repute, and lectured before ......
 * 10) Valladolid (JE | ) Former residence of the kings of Castile and Spain; noteworthy for the numerous assemblies of the Cortes which were held ......
 * 11) Isaac Valentine (JE | ) English journalist and communal worker; born in Belgium 1793; died in London 1868; son of the Rev. N. I. Vallentine. ......
 * 12) Raphael Valls (JE | ) Spanish Marano; burned at the stake by the Inquisition at Palma, Majorca, on May 6, 1691, as the "rabbi" of ......
 * 13) Valuation (JE | ) Estimate of the value of the sacred gifts when a money substitute was required for them. The chief Biblical passage ......
 * 14) Arminius Vámbéry JE (JE | ) Hungarian traveler and Orientalist; born at Duna-Szerdahely, on the island of Schütt, near Presburg, March 19, 1832. He was apprenticed ......
 * 15) Franz van den Ende (JE | ) -- See S1016: Spinoza
 * 16) Abraham van Oven (JE | ) Physician; died in England 1778; grandson of Samuel Basan, who, fleeing from Spain at the beginning of the eighteenth century, ......
 * 17) Barnard van Oven (JE | ) English physician and communal worker; born in London 1796; died there July 9, 1860; youngest son of Joshua Van Oven. ......
 * 18) Joshua van Oven (JE | ) English surgeon and communal worker; born in England 1766; died in Liverpool 1838; son of Abraham Van Oven. He was ......
 * 19) William van Praagh (JE | ) Pioneer of lipreading for deaf-mutes in England; born in Rotterdam June 11, 1845. Having studied under Dr. Hirsch, who had ......
 * 20) Samuel van Straalen (JE | ) English Hebraist and librarian; born at Gouda, Holland, 1845; died in London, England, 1902. In 1873 he was appointed Hebrew ......

21 – 40

 * 1) Vancouver (JE | ) -- See C80: Canada
 * 2) Vanities (JE | ) -- See I85: Idols
 * 3) Rahel Varnhagen (JE | ) -- See L286: Levin (Robert), Rahel Antonie Friederike
 * 4) Quintlius Varus (JE | ) Roman governor of Syria 6-4 B.C.; successor of Saturninus. He first became prominent in Jewish history when Herod the Great ......
 * 5) Vashti (JE | ) The first wife of Ahasuerus; her disobedience and subsequent punishment furnish the theme for the introduction to the story of ......
 * 6) Vatican Library (JE | ) Papal library; originally housed, with its archives, in the Lateran Palace, where it was enriched, in the course of time, ......
 * 7) Johann Karl Wilhelm Vatke (JE | ) Christian Hebraist; born March 14, 1806, at Behndorf, Saxony; died in Berlin April 19, 1882. After studying in Halle, Göttingen, ......
 * 8) Vav (JE | ) -- See W57: Waw
 * 9) Wilhelm Vázsonyi JE (JE | ) Hungarian publicist and deputy; born at Sümegh (Sümeg) 1868. He was educated at Budapest, where his remarkable eloquence made him ......
 * 10) Del Vecchio (JE | ) Italian family, tracing its descent from the period of the destruction of the Second Temple. Some members of this family ......
 * 11) Joseph Vecinho (Vizino) JE (JE | ) Portuguese court physician and scientist at the end of the fifteenth century. He was a pupil of Abraham Zacuto, under ......
 * 12) Joseph de la Vega JE (JE | ) -- See P174: Penso, Joseph
 * 13) Judah Vega JE (JE | ) Rabbi and author; flourished in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Vega was the first rabbi of the second synagogue of ......
 * 14) Vegetarianism (JE | ) The theory according to which it is desirable to sustain the body with vegetables and fruits, and abstain from eating ......
 * 15) Leo Veigelsberg JE (JE | ) Hungarian publicist; born at Nagy-Boldogasszony Jan. 18, 1846; educated at Kis-Körös, Budapest, and Vienna. For a short time he taught ......
 * 16) Veil (JE | ) A cover for the face; a disguise. From the earliest times it has been a sign of chastity and decency ......
 * 17) Johannes Veit (JE | ) German painter; born in Berlin 1790; died at Rome 1854. He studied at Vienna and at Rome, where he especially ......
 * 18) Philipp Veit (JE | ) German portrait- and genre-painter; born Feb. 13, 1793, in Berlin; died Dec. 18, 1877, at Mayence. His father died while ......
 * 19) Ephraim Veitel (JE | ) -- See H538: Heine, Heinrich
 * 20) Vellum (JE | ) Skins of animals constituted the ancient Oriental writing-material (Herodotus, v. 58; Strabo, xv. 1; Pauly-Wissowa, "Real-Encyc." ii. 944), and the ......

41 – 60

 * 1) Vendor and Purchaser (JE | ) -- See S71: Sale
 * 2) Ludwig Venetianer JE (JE | ) Hungarian rabbi and writer; born May 19, 1867, at Kecskemet. He studied at the rabbinical seminary and the University of ......
 * 3) Emmanuel Felix Veneziani (JE | ) French philanthropist; born at Leghorn in 1825; died at Paris Feb. 5, 1889. At an early age he went to ......
 * 4) Venice (JE | ) Italian city; formerly capital of a republic embracing northeastern Italy and some islands in the Mediterranean. The first Venetian document, ......
 * 5) Ventura >> Moses Ventura JE (JE | ) Family of rabbis and scholars prominent in Italy and Greece in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries.Eliezer ben Samuel Ventura: ......
 * 6) Rubino Ventura (JE | ) Soldier; born at Finale, Modena, 1795; died at Toulouse, France, April 5, 1858. At the age of seventeen he was ......
 * 7) Mardochée Venture (JE | ) French scholar; flourished at Avignon in the latter part of the eighteenth century. In collaboration with Isaiah Vidal he composed ......
 * 8) Lope de Vera y Alarcon (JE | ) Spanish martyr and knight ("caballero i mui emparentado," as he is designated by a contemporary) of noble family; born about ......
 * 9) Verband der Vereine für Jüdische Geschichte und Literatur in Deutschland (JE | ) -- See V56: Verein F&#252;r J&#252;dische Geschichte und Literatur
 * 10) Gregori Leontyevich Verblovski (JE | ) Russian jurist; born in the first quarter of the nineteenth century; died at Moscow 1900. He studied law at the ......
 * 11) Vercelli (JE | ) City in the compartimento of Piedmont, Italy. The oldest document in existence concerning its Jews is dated Feb. 16, 1446, ......
 * 12) Verdict (JE | ) -- See J691: Judgment
 * 13) Verdun (JE | ) Capital of the department of Meuse, France. Jews resided there from the twelfth century; and among the scholars of the ......
 * 14) Verein zur Abwehr des Antisemitismus (JE | ) Name of two societies for combating anti-Semitism. The first was formed in Berlin toward the end of 1890 by twelve ......
 * 15) Verein für Cultur und Wissenschaft der Juden (JE | ) Society founded at Berlin (Nov. 27, 1819) by Leopold Zunz, Eduard Gans, and Moses Moser. The objects of the society ......
 * 16) Verein für Jüdische Geschichte und Literatur (JE | ) Name of societies founded in many German cities since about 1890 for the spread of the study of Jewish history ......
 * 17) La Vérité Israélite (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 18) Verona (JE | ) Chief city of the Italian province of the same name. As early as the tenth century it numbered Jews among ......
 * 19) Verse-Division (JE | ) The system of breaking up the Biblical text into verses may seem, both in the original and in the versions, ......
 * 20) Versicle Themes (JE | ) -- See K184: &#7730;erobot

61 – 80

 * 1) Elchanan Verveer (JE | ) Dutch painter and vignette-engraver; born at The Hague April 19, 1826. He received instruction from his brother Samuel L. Verveer, ......
 * 2) Samuel Leonardus Verveer (JE | ) Dutch landscape- and genre-painter; born at The Hague Nov. 30, 1813; died there Jan. 5, 1876. He was a pupil ......
 * 3) Vesoul (JE | ) Capital of the department of Haute-Saône, France. Jews first settled there in the latter part of the thirteenth century, under ......
 * 4) Vespasian (JE | ) Emperor of Rome from 69 to 79; founder of the Flavian dynasty. The defeat of Cestius Gallus convinced Nero that ......
 * 5) Sacred Vessels (JE | ) -- See T122: Temple, Administration of
 * 6) Il Vessillo Israelitico (JE | ) An Italian monthly; the continuation of the "Educatore Israelita" (founded 1853), which, upon the death of its editor Giuseppe Levi ......
 * 7) Joseph Vészi JE (JE | ) Hungarian editor and deputy; born at Arad Nov. 6, 1858. He was educated at the gymnasium of his native town, ......
 * 8) Victoria, Australia (JE | ) -- See A2151: Australia
 * 9) Victoria, British Columbia (JE | ) -- See C80: Canada
 * 10) Vidal b. Benveniste ibn Labi (JE | ) -- See L6: Labi, Joseph ibn
 * 11) Menahem b. Solomon Meiri Vidal (JE | ) -- See M368: Me&#39;iri, Menahem
 * 12) Vidal of Tolosa JE (JE | ) Spanish scholar of the latter half of the fourteenth century. He resided in Catalonia, where he prepared his most important ......
 * 13) Samuel Emanuel Vidal-Naquet (JE | ) French financier; born at Paris Aug. 22, 1859. Educated in his native city, he graduated from the Law Faculty and ......
 * 14) Elijah b. Moses de Vidas (JE | ) -- See E278: Elijah b. Moses de Vidas
 * 15) Samuel ben Chabib de Vidas (JE | ) Spanish scholar and Bible commentator of the fifteenth century; it is said, but not known with certainty, that he was ......
 * 16) Vienna (JE | ) Capital of Austria-Hungary. Legend asserts that Jews settled in this city in the remotest antiquity, and it is alleged that ......
 * 17) Vienne (JE | ) Town in the ancient province of Dauphiné, France. Jews dwelt there as early as the tenth century (Gross, "Gallia Judaica," ......
 * 18) Villefranche (JE | ) Town in the mountain district of the department of Rousillon, France; belonged formerly to Aragon. It was founded in 1095, ......
 * 19) Vine (JE | ) -- See G414: Grape
 * 20) Vinegar (JE | ) In the Biblical period vinegar was prepared either from wine or from cider, the former variety being termed "ḥomeẓ yayin," ......

81 – 100

 * 1) Vineyards (JE | ) -- See G414: Grape
 * 2) Vinnitsa (Vinitza) (JE | ) Russian town in the government of Podolia; situated on the banks of the Bug. Vinnitsa was founded in the fourteenth ......
 * 3) Viol (JE | ) Musical instrument; next to the "kinnor," it was the one most used by the Israelites. The Old Testament furnishes no ......
 * 4) Viper (JE | ) -- See S491: Serpent
 * 5) Virginia (JE | ) One of the Middle Atlantic states and one of the thirteen original states of the United States of America; seceded ......
 * 6) Original Virtue (JE | ) A term invented by S. Levy as a contrast to the expression "original sin," and designating the specifically Jewish concept ......
 * 7) Visigoths (JE | ) -- See S992: Spain
 * 8) Soma Visontai JE (JE | ) Hungarian lawyer and deputy; born at Gyöngyös Nov. 9, 1854; educated at Budapest, where he became an attorney ......
 * 9) Vita (JE | ) -- See H71: &#7716;ayyim
 * 10) Vita della Volta (Solomon Chayyim) (JE | ) Italian physician and Hebraist; born Sept. 24, 1772; died March 29, 1853; flourished in Mantua. He was the owner of ......
 * 11) Vital >> Samuel Vital JE (JE | ) Italian family, including several scholars, of whom the best known are:Ḥayyim Vital: Cabalist; son of Joseph Vital; born at Safed ......
 * 12) David b. Solomon Vital ha-Rofe Vital (JE | ) Spanish scholar; emigrated from Spain in the early part of the sixteenth century; died at Arta, or Narda, in Greece, ......
 * 13) Benjamin Alessandro Vitale (Coen) (JE | ) -- See C566: Coen, Benjamin Vitale
 * 14) Vitebsk (JE | ) Russian city; capital of the government of the same name; situated on both banks of the Düna. .....
 * 15) Vitoria (JE | ) -- See B399: Basque Provinces
 * 16) Campegius Vitringa (the Elder) JE (JE | ) Dutch Christian Hebraist; born at Leeuwarden May 16, 1669; died at Franeker March 31, 1722. He was educated at the ......
 * 17) Simchah b. Samuel Vitry (JE | ) -- See M75: Ma&#7717;zor
 * 18) Vizhainy (Vizhuny, Vizan, Vizany) (JE | ) Russian town in the government of Suwalki. On Jan. 29, 1723, Moses Yefraimovich, an elder of the Grodno ḳahal, presented ......
 * 19) Vocalization (JE | ) All Semitic script, excepting Ethiopic and Assyro-Babylonian, the latter of which in its origin is held by many to be ......
 * 20) Sir Julius Vogel JE (JE | ) Agent-general in London for New Zealand; born in London Feb. 25, 1835; died there March 13, 1899. He was the son ......

101 – 120

 * 1) Hermann Vogelstein (JE | ) German rabbi and historian; born at Pilsen, Bohemia, Jan. 8, 1870. His father was Heinemann Vogelstein, rabbi of Stettin. Vogelstein ......
 * 2) Voice of Heaven (JE | ) -- See B417: Bat &#7730;ol
 * 3) Voice of Israel (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 4) Voice of Jacob (JE | ) -- See P199: Periodicals
 * 5) Void and Voidable Contracts (JE | ) -- See C753: Contract
 * 6) Volozhin (JE | ) Russian town in the government of Wilna; at the present time (1905) it belongs to Prince ......
 * 7) Voltaire (JE | ) French poet, historian, and essayist; born at Paris Nov. 21, 1694; died there May 30, 1778. His name was originally ......
 * 8) Aaron Chai Volterra (JE | ) Liturgical poet of the first half of the eighteenth century; rabbi of the Italian communities in Massa e Carrara. He ......
 * 9) Meshullam ben Menahem Volterra (JE | ) Italian jeweler of the fifteenth century. He lived in Florence, where he and his father, Menahem ben Aaron Volterra (who ......
 * 10) Jacob Voorsanger (JE | ) American rabbi; born at Amsterdam, Holland, Nov. 13, 1852. He was educated at the Jewish Theological Seminary of Amsterdam, and ......
 * 11) Vorarlberg (JE | ) Extreme western district of the Austrian empire. In the Middle Ages it was called "Vor dem Arlberg," and was divided ......
 * 12) Vorspiel (JE | ) -- See M213: Marriage
 * 13) Voskhod (JE | ) -- See R479: Russia&#8212;Periodicals
 * 14) Isaac Vossius (JE | ) -- See M126: Manasseh ben Israel
 * 15) Vows (Nedarim) (JE | ) Promises made under religious sanction. In Talmudic law distinction is made between two ......
 * 16) Vulgate (JE | ) Latin version of the Bible authorized by the Council of Trent in 1546 as the ......
 * 17) Vulture (JE | ) The Hebrew terms rendered in one or the other of the English versions by "vulture" are: "da'ah" (Lev. xi. 14) ...... Our article is about bird