Wikipedia:New pages patrol/Source guide discussions/Turkey

This is a request for input about the general reliability of news sources in the Turkish media landscape. This discussion is intended to be part of a series of discussions assessing the reliability of news sources in a range of regions and topics currently not widely discussed at RSN, and particularly those affected by systemic bias, with the primary intent of distributing editor knowledge and providing a consensus-driven resource for new page reviewers to use when evaluating sources in articles about subjects with which they are not personally familiar and which they are ill-equipped to research on their own. Results will be used to further expand the New page patrol source guide; in the case of particularly strong consensuses, they may also be used to expand the perennial sources list.

This discussion will open with a brief overview of the media landscape of the region. While corrections to the overview are appreciated, the body of the discussion should be reserved for discussions on individual sources, which are separated into subsections. As the intent of this discussion is not to conclusively deprecate or green-light sources that have been the focus of prior discussions, the standard four question format is not appropriate here. Editors should phrase their votes as Generally reliable, Generally unreliable, or Unclear, coupled with arguments for these assessments.

Introduction
While a wide variety of news sources are published in Turkey, a significant portion of the media landscape is controlled by a small group of privately-owned conglomerates. Major media conglomerates have faced significant pressure from the government to not report stories critical of it, and some of the largest media conglomerates are known for their pro-government stances. In 2019, Reporters Without Borders ranked Turkey #157 on its Press Freedom Index, putting it in the category of "Difficult Situation". Turkish news sources have been known to publish conspiracy theories, and a 2018 Reuters report found that Turkish citizens are more likely to report that they have been exposed to fake news than any other country.

Evaluation of sources
The following are a preliminary list of sources for discussion selected due to their high circulation, high levels of reported consumer trust, or their prominence in a relevant minority population in Turkey with a circulation of at least a few thousand copies per issue. Also included are some sources published in Iraqi Kurdistan, as there are no Kurdish-language publications based in Turkey itself at this time. If you would like to add a source to this discussion, please add it in the appropriate subsection. Note that the Reuters' report that many of the following sections refer to is a list of top news sites; even the least popular among them are ostensibly still significant in the Turkish media landscape.

Fox (Turkish TV channel)
Owned by Fox Networks Group, it is unclear how distinct its coverage is from its English-language counterparts. According to the Reuters report, it is the most popular and widely trusted television source in Turkey.

CNN Türk
The localized variant of the American channel CNN, it is co-owned by WarnerMedia and Turkey's largest media conglomerate, Demirören Group. According to the Reuters report, it is a very popular and relatively trusted television source, and the most widely used news website.

NTV (Turkish TV channel)
Another high-use/high-trust brand online and on TV according to Reuters, it is owned by Doğuş Group. It used to have partnerships with MSNBC and BBC, but these were suspended following the exit of former Doğuş CEO Cem Aydın and the company's subsequent refusal to air a BBC freedom of press package in 2014.

Hürriyet
Turkey's most widely circulated newspaper, according to Reuters its trust score with the Turkish public is middle of the pack. It is owned by Demirören Group.

Hürriyet Daily News
Owned by Demirören Group and published in English, it is unclear whether this publication should be considered separate from Hürriyet.

TRT Turkey
Turkey's state media, it retains a significant TV and radio audience according to Reuters, and a proportionally less significant online presence. It is on the lower end of spectrum of trust according to Reuters's survey. TRT World, a related outlet, currently is listed at the RSP as Consensus exists that TRT World is reliable for statements regarding the official views of the Turkish government but not reliable for subjects with which the Turkish government could be construed to have a conflict of interest. For other miscellaneous cases, it shall be assumed to be reliable enough. on the basis of a 2019 RfC.

Sözcü
The first source listed here described as antigovernment by reliable source, Sözcü is ranked around #5 in popularity and trust by the Reuters survey.

Kanal D news
Owned by Demirören Group, Reuters lists it as middle of the pack for popularity and trust.

Habertürk and Habertürk TV
Owned by Ciner Media Group, Reuters lists it as middle of the pack for popularity and trust.

ATV (Turkey)
Owned by Kalyon Group, Reuters lists it as middle of the pack for TV news popularity and does not list its trust score. Not to be confused with ATV News

Milliyet
Owned by Dermirören Group, Reuters lists it as middle of the pack for popularity and trust.

Show TV
Owned by Ciner Media Group, Reuters lists it as middle of the pack for popularity and low for trust.

Star TV (Turkey) and Star
Owned by Doğuş Group, Reuters lists it as toward the low-middle for popularity and does not list its trust score.

Cumhuriyet
Independent newspaper, Reuters lists it toward the low-middle for popularity and toward the top for trust score.

Sabah
Owned by Turkuvaz Media Group, Reuters lists it toward the bottom for both popularity and trust.

Daily Sabah
Newspaper published by the Turkuvaz Media Group in English, German, Arabic, and Russian. It is not clear whether it should be considered distinct from Sabah, published in Turkish by the same company.

A Haber
Owned by Turkuvaz Media Group, Reuters lists it toward the bottom for both popularity and trust.

Posta
Owned by Doğan Media Group, Reuters lists it toward the bottom for popularity and does not list a trust score.

Mynet (Turkish website)
We do not have a Wikipedia article for this site, but according to Reuters it is one of the more popular news websites and middle of the pack for trust.

Sondakika.com
We do not have a Wikipedia article for this site, but according to Reuters it is middle of the pack for news websites. A trust score is not listed.

İnternethaber
We do not have a Wikipedia article for this site, but according to Reuters it is middle of the pack for news websites. A trust score is not listed.

Ensonhaber
We do not have a Wikipedia article for this site, but according to Reuters it is middle of the pack for news websites. A trust score is not listed.

Anadolu Agency
International state-run news. One of the less popular online sources according to Reuters, but with a middle-of-the-pack trust score.

Onedio
We do not have a Wikipedia article for this site, but according to Reuters it is a less popular news website included in their list. A trust score is not listed.

Şalom
A weekly newspaper of the Jewish community in Turkey. It publishes primarily in Turkish, with one page per issue in Ladino.

Agos
A weekly newspaper of the Armenian community in Turkey. It publishes in Armenian, Turkish, and English.

Agani Murutsxi
A Laz language newspaper published in Turkey.

Hawlati
Kurdish language newspaper published in Iraqi Kurdistan and London.

Awena
Kurdish weekly newspaper published in Iraqi Kurdistan.