Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Humanities/2019 December 16

= December 16 =

Degrowth and measures of production
Does the degrowth goal of reducing consumption of goods necessarily mean that measures of production which include the cost of services rendered, such as GDP, will decrease? When regions transition to less consumption of goods, does increased spending on services typically make up the difference? What is the topic of the peer reviewed literature reviews on this subject? EllenCT (talk) [corrected grammar] 20:13, 16 December 2019 (UTC)


 * Can’t help with your first two questions, but re the last one, when I enter “degrowth” in google scholar some of the other terms suggested in the first few results are “contraction economics”, “décroissance”, “steady state economy”, and “ecological economics”. The French term (of which “degrowth” is a direct translation) seems the earliest (and gets more hits in scholar than the English word) but “ecological economics” returns by far the most results. 70.67.193.176 (talk) 16:29, 16 December 2019 (UTC)


 * Looking through I feel relieved. I'm going to want this book, and if this is really an annual literature review then that one should be the most current, and this looks like some superb work. EllenCT (talk) 01:17, 17 December 2019 (UTC)

too. EllenCT (talk) 10:59, 18 December 2019 (UTC)

“...measures of production which include the cost of services rendered, such as GDP...” Would you please clarify this part? GDP measures the value added by economic transactions. DOR (HK) (talk) 00:13, 21 December 2019 (UTC)

Western Food
A question asked recently has spiked my interest. When I have eaten Chinese food in the west (which is great) it is vastly different from authentic Chinese food (which is great). In the East, if there is such a thing as a Western restaurant(?) what do they serve, and how close is this to the genuine western counterpart? Thanks. Anton 81.131.40.58 (talk) 14:07, 16 December 2019 (UTC)
 * "Western" civilization is vast and varied, and ostensibly covers such a wide range of cuisines as French cuisine, Mexican cuisine, and Italian cuisine among many many more. Which specific western food are you looking for?  -- Jayron 32 14:16, 16 December 2019 (UTC)
 * Chinese food too covers just as vast a range. The question is intended as phrased...So if there is an Italian restaurant selling Spaghetti bolognese, how close is this to the same dish served in Rome.  Or, if there is a Full English Breakfast sold, how close is this to the British dish, or meatloaf and its equivalent in the US. Sour Kraut and that sold in Berlin.  The second question is, is there a restaurant simply specialising in a mixture of Western cuisine? Thanks.  Anton 81.131.40.58 (talk) 14:45, 16 December 2019 (UTC)
 * No restaurant in Rome would ever serve Bolognese sauce on spaghetti. It's traditionally served with wide, flat noodles.  -- Jayron 32 15:03, 16 December 2019 (UTC)
 * Also, I don't know how to quantify this, but "just a vast a range" is certainly an overstep. "Asian" cuisine might be similarly diverse as "Western" cuisine, if you also included cuisines of Japan, Korea, Southeast asian countries, etc. etc.  but China alone, while diverse, probably is not the equivalent of "Western".  -- Jayron 32 15:22, 16 December 2019 (UTC)
 * Fast food in China seems to cover this. To the Chinese, that is Western food.--Shantavira|feed me 15:25, 16 December 2019 (UTC)
 * I Googled "french restaurant beijing" and "mexican restaurant hong kong" and "american restaurant shanghai" and "italian restaurant shenzhen". I quickly learned that there are many Western restaurants in China, and not all are fast food restaurants. Cullen328  Let's discuss it  02:52, 17 December 2019 (UTC)
 * Have a look at the menu's of the ever present Hub chain of English Pubs in Japan. Nanonic (talk) 03:04, 17 December 2019 (UTC)
 * I think Nanonic found the perfect example. Also, they might not call themselves "Western Fusion", but I have certainly seen restaurants in London that server calamari (Spanish style) among its starters, then burgers or pasta or steak-frites, brie in the cheese section, and cheesecake or spotted dick for dessert. --Lgriot (talk) 12:03, 18 December 2019 (UTC)


 * Andy Dingley (talk) 18:33, 18 December 2019 (UTC)

After the partition of India, how much hope was there among Indians that India would eventually become reunited?
After the partition of India, how much hope was there among Indians that India would eventually become reunited (as a result of Pakistan eventually rejoining India)?

One would think that the violence and mass population displacement that occurred as a result of the partition of India would have made Indians highly skeptical that India and Pakistan could eventually be reunified. That said, though, I was wondering if I am wrong in regards to this. Futurist110 (talk) 18:34, 16 December 2019 (UTC)


 * Our Indian reunification article has some information and references. Alansplodge (talk) 19:56, 16 December 2019 (UTC)


 * Thanks! Futurist110 (talk) 23:12, 19 December 2019 (UTC)