Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Humanities/2019 November 21

= November 21 =

ISIL map
I'm sure most of you have seen the famous black map depicting the areas of the world the ISIL/Daesh allegedly wants to conquer and rule. These are some randomly selected sites showing it: http://www.geocurrents.info/geopolitics/self-declared-states-geopolitics/islamic-states-aspirational-map https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/in-short-xcqff89rx https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/india-in-2020-if-isis-plans-succeed-287500-2015-08-10 https://roguegeopolitics.com/2014/08/18/isis-is-going-to-change-everything-in-the-middle-east/ https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/india-in-2020-if-isis-plans-succeed-287500-2015-08-10 https://www.unilad.co.uk/news/isis-reveal-terrifying-map-of-their-planned-global-expansion/ http://sfppr.org/2014/09/fighting-for-jihad-isis-maps-its-five-to-ten-year-master-plan/ What I'd like to know is if this map is considered to have some degree of "officiality" by Western scholars. If it is/was reflecting the real plans/desires of ISIL members, even if only for a period of time or for a small fraction of supporters. Is it from deprecated sources? Thank you! --2.37.200.57 (talk) 12:03, 21 November 2019 (UTC)


 * I haven't seen it before... I don't know how official it is, but it's basically what Wikimedia Commons calls an "anachronous map". -- AnonMoos (talk)


 * And what does Commons mean by ‘anachronous’? —Tamfang (talk) 02:03, 26 November 2019 (UTC)


 * You can see it in the search examples, but basically "All the territory ruled over by country/empire X at any time in history", even though there was no one specific date when X ruled over all the territory shown on the map. AnonMoos (talk) 05:00, 26 November 2019 (UTC)

Western Yuan dynasty
During the collapse of the Yuan dynasty were regions like Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai also rested from Yuan control by rebellion, or were they voluntarily surrendered to the Hongwu emperor? déhanchements (talk) 20:45, 21 November 2019 (UTC)
 * The Tibet situation is... complicated. According to Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty there is not widespread scholarly agreement over the exact relationship.  I'll let you read that to come to your own conclusions.  Xinjiang was never fully controlled by the Yuan, it traded hands between them and the Chagatai Khanate.  After the fall of the Yuan, Kara Del took over the area.  According to Salar people, Qinghai would have been under Ming control as early as 1370.  -- Jayron 32 16:49, 22 November 2019 (UTC)
 * We were looking it up at the same time! I'll put my answer anyway, even though it is the same in essence, since it includes some extra links. 70.67.193.176 (talk) 17:02, 22 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Ming_dynasty and Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty say that the region was never really under either Yuan or Ming control, but this is contradicted by Tibet_under_Yuan_rule, which says that Yuan did administer the region, but lost control in the 14th century with the founding of the Phagmodrupa_dynasty, who were never under Ming rule.
 * Xinjiang says that simultaneous with the rise of the Hongwu emperor in the mid 14th century, the region fractured and was ruled by numerous Persianized Mongol Khans simultaneously until the 17th century.(That is, it does not seem to ever have been under Ming control.)
 * Qinghai merely says Most of Qinghai was once also a short time under the control of early Ming dynasty, but later gradually lost to the Khoshut Khanate founded by the Oirats; sorry no clear answer there.
 * (Further reading: Yuan_dynasty, History_of_the_Yuan_dynasty, History_of_the_Yuan_dynasty, Red Turban Rebellion, Northern Yuan dynasty, Ming_dynasty) 70.67.193.176 (talk) 17:02, 22 November 2019 (UTC)


 * wrested? —Tamfang (talk) 02:03, 26 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Is something rong? -- Jayron 32 15:10, 26 November 2019 (UTC)

Opposite of Bradley effect
Is there a theory that is the opposite of Bradley effect where the non-white candidate was not doing well in the polls but eventually won the election? Also, is there a theory that talks about a non-white candidate doing well in the polls and eventually won the election? Donmust90 (talk) 23:16, 21 November 2019 (UTC)
 * article says that "Some have suggested that President Barack Obama may have encountered both the Bradley effect, and a 'reverse' Bradley effect, during the 2008 Democratic presidential primary elections."
 * So obviously there is a theory of a reverse-Bradley effect.
 * Also the world of theories is unbound, but when the poll-predicted candidate actually win the election, there is not much to tell, is there? "I told you so" would be the common name of such theory, I guess.
 * Gem fr (talk) 08:03, 22 November 2019 (UTC)