Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Humanities/2022 March 5

= March 5 =

certificate of registration of TK
I am preparing to bring my Ukrainian family from Ukraine into Poland. This "How to cross the Ukraine-Poland border by car?" site has a lot of useful information, but I don't understand one bullet in the 'required documents' section that says the driver will need "certificate of registration of TK". Please, what is this? Hayttom (talk) 05:32, 5 March 2022 (UTC)


 * In Ukrainian, that line reads "свідоцтво про реєстрацію ТЗ", which Google translates as "vehicle registration certificate". "ТЗ" is an abbreviation of "транспортний засіб", which simply means "vehicle". I have no theory how it became garbled to "TK". --Lambiam 09:03, 5 March 2022 (UTC)


 * I discovered that in Slovakia, a TK certificate is a certificate of roadworthiness. I don't know what Slovakia has to do with anything, and my special skill is causing confusion, so I offer this only as a thought. Card Zero  (talk) 09:26, 5 March 2022 (UTC)
 * I think Slovak "TK" stands for "Technickej Kontroly", meaning "technical inspection", the equivalent of the UK's MOT test. It is anybody's guess if this somehow contributed to the confusing translation of Ukranian "ТЗ". This is a page on the website of the Polish government; the requirement they state is documents confirming vehicle approval for traffic – a document which confirms admission of the vehicle to the traffic is a registration or a temporary permission. "Approval for traffic" would seem to require roadworthiness. --Lambiam 22:57, 5 March 2022 (UTC)



Countries with non-continuous borders with other countries
Ukraine has two borders with Romania, separated by its border with Moldova. Is there a list of countries that have non-continuous borders with other countries? -- Jack of Oz   [pleasantries]  23:01, 5 March 2022 (UTC)
 * I guess one could be cobbled together from other lists:


 * Every pair of outer countries on Landlocked country. Ukraine and Romania are listed here. I count 12 countries (China features three times).
 * Some of the national-level exclaves and pene-exclaves from List of enclaves and exclaves. These would need individual evaluation. Card Zero  (talk) 03:20, 6 March 2022 (UTC)


 * Canada with the USA.
 * TimorLeste with Indonesia.
 * Brunei with Malaysia.
 * Bangladesh with India.
 * India with China.
 * China with Russia.
 * Oman and UAE.
 * Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran.
 * Angola with Democratic Republic Congo.
 * South Africa with Mozambique.
 * Lithuania with Russia. ( Thanks Jayron32! )
 * France with Spain.
 * Switzerland with Austria.70.67.193.176 (talk) 04:08, 6 March 2022 (UTC)
 * How Bangladesh? It doesn't actually touch Nepal at the Siliguri Corridor. Card Zero  (talk) 04:19, 6 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Remaining claves? Sagittarian Milky Way (talk) 04:53, 6 March 2022 (UTC)
 * That was fun to read about. There were nearly 200 enclaves and counter-enclaves that existed on both sides of the border up until 2015 [...] reputedly part of a high-stakes card game or chess games centuries ago between two regional kings [...] The prime ministers of India and Bangladesh signed a Land Boundary Agreement in 1974 to exchange all enclaves and simplify the international border. The one remaining enclave, Dahagram–Angarpota, is separated from mainland Bangladesh by the 584 ft × 279 ft Tin Bigha Corridor, which for constitutional reasons still belongs to India but is on a 999–year lease. Bonus item: Dahala Khagrabari.  Card Zero  (talk) 06:55, 6 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Russia and Lithuania should come off the list; it only borders Lithuania at the Kaliningrad exclave. There is no other border with Russia and Lithuania.  -- Jayron 32 12:14, 7 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Netherlands and Belgium at the enclaves of Baarle-Hertog.
 * Germany and Belgium west of the Vennbahn. At the peace of Versailles, the railway (now closed) was ceded to Belgium and parts of Germany west of the railway became enclaves surrounded by Belgian territory.
 * Switzerland and Germany, at the German enclave of Büsingen am Hochrhein.
 * Switzerland and Italy, at the enclave of Campione d'Italia.
 * Spain and Morocco, at Ceuta and Melilla.
 * Cyprus and the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, which is a discontinuous territory.
 * Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Several enclaves in that area.
 * If you only count borders on land or internal waters, Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina. But if you also count sea borders along the territorial sea, that border is continuous.
 * The same applies to Brunei and Malaysia.
 * On the other hand, some borders are discontinuous only if you count maritime borders; Greece and Turkey, for example, with segments of maritime border separated by areas of international waters.
 * Israel and Jordan, assuming that the West Bank isn't part of Israel.
 * Israel and Palestine, if that's a country.
 * Turkish Cyprus and Cyprus, assuming you recognise the former.
 * From a Russian point of view, Moldova and Ukraine, with some segments of border separated by the Transnistria puppet state.
 * Moldova appears to have some exclaves in Transnistria, so the border between those is discontinuous too. But then, Moldova doesn't recognise that border.
 * Also from a Russian point of view, Ukraine and Russia, with multiple segments of border separated by the Donetsk and Luhansk puppet states and the possibly international waters of the Sea of Azov.
 * Similarly, Russia and Georgia, which have two segments of border on opposite sides of the South Ossetia puppet state.
 * Some pairs of countries, like Croatia and Serbia, have border disputes, so that some lands along the border are claimed by both, others by neither. Both claim that the effective pieces of no man's land belong to the other, making the border continuous, but if you see them as no man's land (or create your own private little micronation there), it is a discontinuous border. Such border disputes are fairly common.
 * I'm sure you can find more.
 * So, some cases are clear, but there are a bit too many questionable cases to make a clear list of this.
 * PiusImpavidus (talk) 18:55, 6 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks for all that info. But I question your last statement. Wikipedia has many lists with questionable entries, and voluminous footnotes to go with them. --  Jack of Oz   [pleasantries]  22:12, 7 March 2022 (UTC)


 * Sweden and Finland - has a main land border in the north + a super short border on the island of Märket. --Soman (talk) 23:31, 7 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Argentina and Chile - has a main land border along the Andes - then on Tierra del Fuego two non-continous borders. --Soman (talk) 23:36, 7 March 2022 (UTC)


 * Oh, we of little faith. We all forgot that WHAAOE: All the details I wanted are @ List of countries and territories by land borders. But thanks to all who chipped in. --  Jack of Oz   [pleasantries]  20:42, 8 March 2022 (UTC)


 * Egypt on that list doesn't include Bir Tawil, the biggest "no-man's land" or "terra nullius" between two countries (well-known to micronation enthusiasts). AnonMoos (talk) 21:57, 8 March 2022 (UTC)
 * On your bike and fix it. :) --   Jack of Oz   [pleasantries]  22:39, 8 March 2022 (UTC)


 * I would have to know what the exact criteria for entries in the list are before I could do that. AnonMoos (talk) 00:52, 13 March 2022 (UTC)