Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Humanities/2022 October 27

= October 27 =

Russian Empire
Who was the police's head who arrested Lenin's older brother in 1887? And the supreme head of the Cossacks during the Jews' pogroms under Aleksandr III? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.207.168.131 (talk) 14:08, 27 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Regarding the second question, I don't think there was a single unified group of Cossacks. There were the Kuban Cossacks of the Kuban Oblast (which today roughly corresponds to the Krasnodar Krai) and the Don Cossacks of the Don Host Oblast, (today roughly the disputed Donbas region of Ukraine).  Surely they had leaders, but I can't find who the leader of the two hosts were at the times requested.  Perhaps these links will lead you to some sources to research. -- Jayron 32 15:52, 27 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Regarding the first question, thus and this and this have some additional details on the arrest, but do not list the arresting officer, nor the agency they worked for; I suspect they would have been officers of either the Okhrana or the Separate Corps of Gendarmes, which had an intertwined history in late 19th century Russia. Each of those sources have additional more detailed histories of Aleksandr Ulyanov's life where you might find more information.  -- Jayron 32 16:05, 27 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Regular police, political police and gendarmes under command of Lieutenant General ru:Peter Gresser Prefect of Saint Petersburg. fiveby(zero) 03:25, 28 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Thank you very much. Who were the heads of the prison and the ploton where he died?
 * The prison where he was kept and hung was Shlisselburg Fortress, so perhaps knowing that will help your research. -- Jayron 32 13:16, 28 October 2022 (UTC)
 * can you help me with those searchs because i don't have time? thank you. --193.207.181.239
 * When is your homework assignment due? ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 14:43, 28 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Pomper has the conspirators initially interrogated at Gorokhovaya 2, then placed in solitary confinement in the Trubetskoy Bastion of the Peter and Paul Fortress. The commandant was Adjutant General Ivan Ganetsky, Ivan who died April 8 and was replaced by Vladimir Veryovkin. On April 14 they were transferred and held during trial at Shpalernaya 25 the House of Preliminary Detention then returned to Peter and Paul fortress and transferred to Shlisselburg May 5. I think we are looking at Kasper Kazimirovich Pokroshinskii commandant and Matvei Sokolov superintendent of gendarmes but having trouble finding the exact dates for their administration. fiveby(zero) 15:35, 28 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Gresser was an absolutist, loyal to the autocracy?
 * I can only point you to some contemporary accounts   and you can decide based on the extent and exercise of his authority. fiveby(zero) 16:35, 28 October 2022 (UTC)

For Lenin, his older brother, and Stalin, can you search if in their early lives there were some related persons in particular loyal to the autocracy who then become their tsarist enemies? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.244.89.142 (talk) 11:18, 29 October 2022 (UTC)

Number of lawyers, legal ops, paralegals by country
Reading Legal industry by country (not the best article we have...) I wondered: A455bcd9 (talk) 17:22, 27 October 2022 (UTC)
 * How many people work in legal services globally? by country? Including lawyers (members of the bar), non-lawyers, legal ops, paralegals, law librarians, etc. Both in law firms (private practice), corporate legal departments (in-house), and public bodies (local governments, public administrations, etc.).
 * I can't find stats directly, but your best lead may be the International Bar Association. https://www.ibanet.org/ seems to be their main website.  Perhaps that may give you a lead.  -- Jayron 32 18:10, 27 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks @Jayron32. Unfortunately, I can't find any data on their website. Also, they don't seem to represent all legal practitioners (for instance, notaries public don't seem to be part of the IBA). A455bcd9 (talk) 18:26, 27 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Fair enough. In several google searches, some of the reports by their "research" division kept turning up, I thought that might be the best shot for getting some statistics.  Good luck.  -- Jayron 32 18:29, 27 October 2022 (UTC)


 * I hesitate to offer this as even a data point, but I was curious what Wolfram Alpha would make of it. As an American company it obviously interprets "how many lawyers are there in the world?" to mean "within the US" and comes up with the answer of 681,010 and then provides additional info saying that another 27,790 are judges/magistrates, 13,840 are adjudicators/hearing officers, and 7,320 are arbitrators/mediators. That doesn't seem to cover your broad definition, though. When I ask about paralegals, it gives answers of 336,250 + 51,040 title examiners + 46,090 legal support workers. The sources seem to indicate the data comes from US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Maybe I'm just blind, but I'm not seeing exactly where those numbers come into it. As a way of approximating your question, we could tally up the above (plus whatever related occupations you like), divide by the US population to get a % and then multiply that by the world population to get a ballpark number. I suspect the US probably has more lawyers per capita than other countries, but if we had that data around, we probably wouldn't have to do the approximation. FWIW, the numbers I have above come to 1,156,020. When I ask Wolfram how many legal professionals there are in the world, it tells me there are 1.17814 million, so obviously there are a few more in the total not defined above. Matt Deres (talk) 17:11, 28 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks @Matt Deres. Wolfram Alpha seems wrong as, according to the American Bar Association's 2022 ABA Profile of the Legal Profession, there are 1,327,010 active lawyers in the US as of Jan. 1, 2022. Then, there are 336,250 "Paralegals and Legal Assistants" (source). And that's for the US only. I feel like the only way to find the answer to my question would be to look country by country, which professions are admitted to practice law (for instance notaries are full lawyers in Quebec, Puerto Rico, and Louisiana, but not in the rest of North America) and count them. A455bcd9 (talk) 17:44, 28 October 2022 (UTC)
 * It's odd that the paralegal number is bang on but the lawyer number is so far off. I wonder if judges, for example, are in that number. Well, good luck with your research; I suspect it will be a difficult task. Avoiding double-counting and shifting definitions from jurisdiction to jurisdiction will make this challenging. Matt Deres (talk) 19:14, 28 October 2022 (UTC)

Maximilien de Robespierre
Please, can you search if existing paintings about his parents, paternal and maternal grandparents, or her sister Henriette, and upload them on commons? Thank you very much. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.207.200.183 (talk) 20:59, 27 October 2022 (UTC)
 * You're allowed to do so yourself, no one here will stop you. That being said, I did a good-faith search myself. Searches for his mother, Jacqueline Marguerite Carrault, turn up basically nothing, except pictures of either Maximilien Robespierre himself, or that of his sister, Charlotte.  Searches for his father are complicated by the fact that his father also had the name Maximilien in his full name, François Maximilien Barthélémy de Robespierre, though if we take it to François de Robespierre we get a French Wikipedia article, but as Maximilien also has François in his full name, any Google Image search using either his father's full name OR common name gets swamped with pictures of Maximilien; as you can see here.  -- Jayron 32 12:31, 28 October 2022 (UTC)
 * I had a look too and also drew a blank. It seems likely to me that none of these people ever sat for a potrait (a very expensive process), or if they did, they have not survived. Alansplodge (talk) 13:12, 28 October 2022 (UTC)


 * There were sometimes engravings of people who didn't have formal painted portraits, such as Phyllis Wheatley etc. AnonMoos (talk) 13:23, 28 October 2022 (UTC)
 * The problem is that none of Robespierre's relatives were famous in their own right (as far as I can tell), so there wasn't much incentive for anyone to create their image. But I might be proved wrong. Alansplodge (talk) 18:58, 28 October 2022 (UTC)

In a comic about Robespierre there was a scene about Jerome Petion's dead body found out devoured by wolves. Can you search if exist a painting about it? Thank you very much. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.244.89.142 (talk) 10:24, 29 October 2022 (UTC)
 * How could it exist as a classical painting ? The period is before the romantic era, the event is not a public event, the protagonist had lost his statutes and he was not heralded a hero or a martyr later. What was the scene in the comic ? There should have been more than one corpse, according to accounts by local officers, worth reportedly the death certificate. --Askedonty (talk) 18:03, 29 October 2022 (UTC)