Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Humanities/2022 September 2

= September 2 =

Ownership of churches in Ireland
Are there any notable pre-Reformation church buildings in Ireland owned by the Catholic Church, or are they uniformly in the possession of the Church of Ireland? Lazar Taxon (talk) 00:09, 2 September 2022 (UTC)


 * For what it's worth, Category:Roman Catholic churches in Ireland has only 18th-century, 19th-century, and 20th-century subcategories -- except for the Black Abbey... AnonMoos (talk) 00:46, 2 September 2022 (UTC)


 * Yes, see Reformation in Ireland, which says:
 * Additionally, the Irish Act of Uniformity, passed in 1560, made worship in churches adhering to the Church of Ireland compulsory. Anyone who took office in the Irish church or government was required to take the Oath of Supremacy; penalties for violating it included hanging and quartering. Attendance at Church of Ireland services became obligatory – those who refused to attend, whether Roman Catholics or Protestant nonconformists, could be fined and physically punished as recusants by the civil powers. Initially Elizabeth tolerated non-Anglican observance, but after the promulgation in 1570 of the Papal Bull, Regnans in Excelsis, Roman Catholics were increasingly seen as a threat to the security of the state. Nevertheless, the enforcement of conformity in Ireland was sporadic and limited for much of the sixteenth century.
 * So any existing parish churches were effectively "nationalised" into the Church of Ireland. Catholics continued to worship in secret until Catholic emancipation began in the 18th century, when they started to establish chapels of their own. The oldest of these is said to be St Patrick’s Church, Waterford which dates from 1704. We don't seem to have an article for this church. Alansplodge (talk) 12:25, 2 September 2022 (UTC)
 * As linked above, the 13th-century Black Abbey in Kilkenny became a secular building but was re-occupied by the Dominican Order in the 18th century. Alansplodge (talk) 12:30, 2 September 2022 (UTC)
 * According to the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage St Patrick's Catholic Church in Waterford is "one of the earliest-surviving post-Reformation churches in Ireland", not quite as strong a claim as that made by the Diocese in the article linked above. It's not the only St Patrick's Church in Waterford, the Methodists have one too. DuncanHill (talk) 12:46, 2 September 2022 (UTC)


 * We now have a brief article at St Patrick's Catholic Church, Waterford. Feel free to chip in if you can find any better sources. Alansplodge (talk) 18:29, 4 September 2022 (UTC)

regulatory governance
how do these justice systems around the world exactly achieve egalitarianism? Grotesquetruth (talk) 17:10, 2 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Who says they do? ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 18:07, 2 September 2022 (UTC)
 * And who says they are even trying to? AndyTheGrump (talk) 18:11, 2 September 2022 (UTC)
 * shouldn't these justice systems hold on to some doctrines/principles while making legislative/policy/judicial decisions? and what might be these doctrines they might be following? Grotesquetruth (talk) 18:36, 2 September 2022 (UTC)
 * I'm afraid your question is far too broad. The "justice system" varies enormously from one country to another. Start off by reading our article on justice and you will get some idea how complex a topic it is. Shantavira|feed me 18:42, 2 September 2022 (UTC)
 * The standard doctrine is that the state imposes its regulations for the common good. In capitalism this tends to be interpreted in light of a theory encapsulated by the slogan: "that which benefits corporations benefits all". (Recall President Wilson's conviction that what was good for General Motors was good for the USA; trickle-down economics is a related theory.) It serves as the justification of financial bailouts of failing corporations, deflecting the risks (but not the benefits) of entrepreneurial capitalism to the taxpayers, a form of corporate welfare. --Lambiam 20:05, 2 September 2022 (UTC)


 * There's Principle, which links to Legality and several other articles. Card Zero  (talk) 11:07, 3 September 2022 (UTC)
 * There seems to be a problem in terminology here. If we take "justice system" to mean something like a judiciary combined with a police force, such a system doesn't "[make] legislative/policy/judicial decisions" except insofar as the courts make decisions on how legislation or policy is to be interpreted. To my understanding, a legislature makes legislative decisions, whereas policy is determined by the people in charge of the government (who are often, but not always, also members of the legislature).Anyway, I'll try to answer your question: justice systems do typically try to use specific doctrines and principles in applying the law. Constitutionalism is one such principle, for example. For further investigation, you might want to look at the article on judicial interpretation, or the list of national legal systems. Shells-shells (talk) 07:58, 4 September 2022 (UTC)


 * It isn’t really the job of the justice system to “achieve egalitarianism”… its job is to rule on the laws of the country in question, and apply those laws to the case at hand. If the applicable laws are egalitarian in nature, then the rulings of the justice system will reflect that… but not all laws are egalitarian in nature. Blueboar (talk) 19:24, 2 September 2022 (UTC)


 * I wonder if the OP is asking about equality before the law, in which case, we have an article. Alansplodge (talk) 20:45, 3 September 2022 (UTC)