Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Humanities/2023 September 6

= September 6 =

Productivity analysis of the airlines of India.
Mention the profitability strategy, market share, advertisement , history and cost of the Indian airline companies.Ther should be maximum 3 companies. 113.21.65.54 (talk) 11:51, 6 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Please do your homework yourself. --Wrongfilter (talk) 11:57, 6 September 2023 (UTC)
 * You could start with List of airlines of India. 136.54.106.120 (talk) 14:28, 6 September 2023 (UTC)

Question for an American organization for Baltic states
I have once seen an American organization related to trilateral relations between Baltic states, which used a logo that combined both arms of Baltic states together, who know that? -- Great Brightstar (talk) 15:01, 6 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Which Baltic States? There are several.  -- Jayron 32 15:24, 6 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Baltic states does have a conventional meaning. —Tamfang (talk) 15:56, 6 September 2023 (UTC)
 * It does, but there's more than "both" of them. My question is "Which two of the larger group of them is "both" referring to"?  If the OP can indicate that, it will help others know which specific two Baltic states to start looking for.  -- Jayron 32 16:01, 6 September 2023 (UTC)
 * I remember its logo is the Estonian coat of arms at the left, Latvian coat of arms at the middle, and the Lithuanian coat of arms at the right. -- Great Brightstar (talk) 00:27, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * The OP may use Baltic in the linguistic sense where it applies to Latvia and Lithuania. Cookatoo.ergo.ZooM (talk) 16:43, 6 September 2023 (UTC)


 * Probably not what you're looking for, but I found this rather nice flag. The search continues... Alansplodge (talk) 17:00, 6 September 2023 (UTC)


 * Great Brightstar, maybe you are talking about the Baltic-American Freedom Foundation whose logo is a combination of coat of arms. Ktrimi991 (talk) 16:23, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * No, not like that. I made the image now to show what my impression for this, you can see it anyway: -- Great Brightstar (talk) 17:13, 7 September 2023 (UTC)

Ōkawa Haruyoshi
Can you help me to find if there are some sites with photos of him, his family, or others about his career? Thank you. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.207.97.94 (talk) 21:34, 6 September 2023 (UTC)


 * Hi, if you don't get an answer here you might try asking at the reference desk for Japanese wikipedia, since that is the wiki with the article. 70.67.193.176 (talk) 15:39, 7 September 2023 (UTC)

Moreover, the police captain in that incident from 1915 was Suga. Can you find his full name, and dates of birth and death? Thank you. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.207.184.184 (talk) 15:59, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Can you learn how to sign your contributions? One way is to type --~ at the end. See also WP:Signatures. --Wrongfilter (talk) 10:56, 8 September 2023 (UTC)

Is French Guiana in NATO?
Our article on NATO states NATO has thirty-one members, all in Europe and North America. Some of these countries also have territory on other continents, which is covered by the security agreements only as far south as the Tropic of Cancer, which together with the Atlantic Ocean defines NATO's "area of responsibility" under Article 6 of the North Atlantic Treaty. That article on the treaty states that it covers only member states' territories in Europe, North America, Turkey, and islands in the Atlantic north of the Tropic of Cancer. It was the opinion in August 1965 of the US State Department, the US Defense Department, and the legal division of NATO that an attack on the U.S. state of Hawaii would not trigger the treaty, but an attack on the other 49 would. The Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla on the North African shore are thus not under NATO protection. File:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (orthographic projection).svg (which notably excludes Hawaii and seems to also exclude Spanish Africa), File:NATO_partnerships.svg, and possibly other Wikipedia/Commons-generated maps of NATO depict French Guiana as being covered by the treaty, even though it is south of the Tropic of Cancer. Which is correct (and which needs to be changed), the wiki maps or the text? -sche (talk) 22:16, 6 September 2023 (UTC)


 * Because French Guiana is technically part of France as an overseas department, and France as a whole is a big NATO member, French Guiana is a part of NATO and NATO territory. However, it's not protected by NATO, so while it can be used by a member state to advance NATO goals, an attack on it won't trigger Article 5.
 * A similar comparable analogy would be the CCP when it comes to the remaining communist governments: It isn't communist at all from most western interpretations of the Chinese economic system, but it still says its communist. For that reason alone it's considered a country which adheres to Marxism-Leninism nominally, even if it's not one in practice.
 * I do think that the first map should include Spanish Africa if it wants to be consistent as well; Puerto Rico is highlighted there. I would say the only reason Hawaii can't be on the map is because of the angle that the globe is being photographed from.  Invading Invader  (userpage, talk) 02:44, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * The Union of Socialist Soviet Republics never claimed its economic system was communist. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union called itself that way since it claimed to be striving for a communist society (which perhaps it was when it was founded as the All-Russian Communist Party, ideologically conceived as the Russian branch of a worldwide Communist party, an idea that was later effaced and replaced by the Moscow-controlled Communist International). A similar story holds for the People's Republic of China and the Communist Party of China. --Lambiam 14:45, 7 September 2023 (UTC)


 * In 1957, Algeria could be considered part of NATO, since it was formally annexed to France at that time; see File:NATO_member_states_in_1957.jpg. No idea about Article 5 treaty obligations in that case. AnonMoos (talk)


 * Regarding the maps, the best solution would be to use different colors for territories covered by Article 5 and for other territories of NATO member states. — Kpalion(talk) 11:27, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * French Algeria was, however, covered until its independence on 3 July 1962.[119] --Error (talk) 15:03, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * I say French Guiana is not covered, just as Ceuta, Melilla or the Canary Islands. Those maps should distinguish territories covered under Article 6 and other territories of the member countries.
 * wikisource:North Atlantic Treaty:
 * For the purpose of Article 5, an armed attack on one or more of the Parties is deemed to include an armed attack:
 * on the territory of any of the Parties in Europe or North America, on the Algerian Departments of France [2], on the territory of Turkey or on the Islands under the jurisdiction of any of the Parties in the North Atlantic area north of the Tropic of Cancer;
 * * on the forces, vessels, or aircraft of any of the Parties, when in or over these territories or any other area in Europe in which occupation forces of any of the Parties were stationed on the date when the Treaty entered into force or the Mediterranean Sea or the North Atlantic area north of the Tropic of Cancer.
 * Note though: North_Atlantic_Treaty:
 * The Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla on the North African shore are thus not under NATO protection in spite of Moroccan claims to them. Legal experts have interpreted that other articles could cover the Spanish North African cities but this take has not been tested in practice.[70] This is also why events such as the Balyun airstrikes did not trigger Article 5, as the Turkish troops that were attacked were in Syria, not Turkey.[71]
 * --Error (talk) 15:22, 7 September 2023 (UTC)


 * French Guiana is no less part of NATO than Hawaii is. The relationship between French Guiana and France is identical to the relationship between Hawaii and the U.S.; it is a politically integral part of the nation, not a colony or territory or anything like that.  Even so, does Hawaii invalidate the "Europe and North America" thing that the OP notes?  It absolutely does; Hawaii is in no way part of North America geographically.  If it's part of any geographic region, Polynesia or Oceania would be better classifications.  That being said, sometimes accuracy needs to be sacrificed for efficiency.  We don't need to include them in the sentence.  -- Jayron 32 11:11, 8 September 2023 (UTC)

Seeking a speculative fiction title
This is a longshot because I don't remember much. When I was in middle/high school (early to mid 2000s) I read a really interesting story. It was either a short story or a pretty short book. The plot I remember is as follows: dystopian world, a man discovers a secret at his job (which may be the government) and so he is implanted with false memories. The memories include killing his someone (his wife?). He takes a train to the place he remembers and that's all I remember! Any ideas of what I read? BookIt33 (talk) 23:40, 6 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Elements of this resemble the plot of the 1998 film Dark City, but I'm not aware of a written version of it. Such a plot would be typical of Philip K. Dick, but no specific story comes to mind (yet). {The poster formerly known as 87.81.230.195} 51.194.81.165 (talk) 05:17, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Also We Can Remember It for You Wholesale... -- AnonMoos (talk) 07:07, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Thanks! I was definitely reading Philip K. Dick in that time, so it's a definite possibility. I definitely remember it taking place on Earth, so I don't think it's We Can Remember it for you Wholesale. I guess it's time for a marathon re-read. BookIt33 (talk) 22:57, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Reading your question (without looking at the answers) I was also instantly reminded of P. K. Dick. I'm glad that others had the same idea. I cannot recommend his short stories enough. They have been published as The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick. It may be (as suggested above) one of the novels/novellas. When you find finally the story you remember, it will be a revelation. An entire forgotten universe will re-align itself with your eager mind. MinorProphet (talk) 13:03, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
 * It sounds very much like With A Strange Device by Eric Frank Russell. Turner Street (talk) 09:42, 8 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Yes! I found a couple plot synopses and I think this is it. I'm trying to track down a copy of the book now to verify. Thank you so much! This has been bothering me for literally at least a decade. BookIt33 (talk) 12:18, 8 September 2023 (UTC)
 * You're welcome! I read it a couple of years ago - a very enjoyable book. I see that WP has an article about most of Russell's novels, but not that one. I might see if I can get one started! Turner Street (talk) 13:38, 8 September 2023 (UTC)


 * It's only 153 pages and the most complete synopsis I can find is
 * "Something bizarre is happening among the government workers at weapons laboratories across the United States. Increasing numbers of employees are abandoning their jobs for no apparent reason, some of them committing suicide, others trading their high-profile, specialized careers for unskilled jobs in obscure towns. ..."
 * Here's a quote from the text:
 * "'In this highly technological age, the deadliest strike one can make against a foe is to deprive him of his brains, whether or not one acquires them oneself.'"
 * The reviewer comments:
 * "...the 'strange device' of its title is simply a gimmick, a means of 'automated brainwashing' that makes scientists think they have committed murder and must flee from their jobs, the police, their friends in Military Intelligence."
 * 


 * This reminds me of The Woman in Green! —Tamfang (talk) 15:55, 9 September 2023 (UTC)
 * From its amazon.com page we learn that te protagonist is Richard Bransome, a metallurgist working in defence. --Lambiam 09:09, 10 September 2023 (UTC)
 * It appears that the book has been republished under the title The Mindwarpers. --Lambiam 09:14, 10 September 2023 (UTC)
 * There's a preview at . 2A02:C7B:301:3D00:5CEE:C4AA:A518:B49B (talk) 13:57, 10 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Thank you! I was able to find a copy under the title The Mindwarpers from my state library consortium. Hopefully it comes in soon. BookIt33 (talk) 14:47, 10 September 2023 (UTC)