Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/November 23

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 * 1635 – Dutch pacification campaign on Formosa: Soldiers from the Dutch East India Company razed the village of Mattou, now part of modern-day Tainan, Taiwan.
 * 1733 – African slaves in the Danish West Indies began an insurrection in one of the earliest and longest slave revolts in the Americas.
 * 1924 – The New York Times published evidence from Edwin Hubble (pictured) stating that the Andromeda Nebula, previously believed to be part of the Milky Way, is in fact another galaxy.
 * 1976 – Jacques Mayol became the first person to freedive to a depth of 100 metres (330 ft).
 * 1980 – An earthquake struck the Irpinia region of Italy, killing at least 2,483 people, injuring more than 7,700 and leaving 250,000 homeless.
 * 2003 – Rose Revolution: Eduard Shevardnadze resigned as President of Georgia following weeks of mass protests over disputed election results.
 * 2007 – MS Explorer became the first cruise ship to sink in the Southern Ocean.
 * 2009 – A crowd of people on their way to register Esmael Mangudadatu's candidacy for governor of Maguindanao, Philippines, were kidnapped and killed by supporters of his rival, resulting in 58 deaths.
 * 2011 – Arab Spring: After months of protests in Yemen, President Ali Abdullah Saleh agreed to transfer power to Vice President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi.
 * 2012 – "Il Canto degli Italiani" officially became the national anthem of Italy, 66 years after it was provisionally chosen following the birth of the Italian Republic.
 * Born this day: | Eadred |d|955| Beatriz Galindo |d|1535| Prospero Alpini |b|1553| Richard Hakluyt |d|1616| Jean-Baptiste Jourdan |d|1833| Mary Brewster Hazelton |b|1868| El Lissitzky |b|1890| Anne Burns |b|1915| Mary Landrieu |b|1955| Shangguan Yunzhu |d|1968| Yusof Ishak |d|1970| Miley Cyrus |b|1992| Mary Whitehouse |d|2001|

November 23: Thanksgiving in the United States (2023)


 * 1644 – In opposition to licensing and censorship during the English Civil War, John Milton's Areopagitica (title page pictured) was published, arguing for the right to free expression.
 * 1700 – A papal conclave, which had been deadlocked due to concerns over how a successor would respond to the impending death of Charles II of Spain, ended with the election of Clement XI.
 * 1867 – The Manchester Martyrs were hanged in Manchester, England, for involvement in a scheme to free two Irish nationalists from custody in which a police officer was killed.
 * 1876 – William "Boss" Tweed, a New York City politician who had been arrested for embezzlement, was handed over to US authorities after having escaped from prison and fled to Spain.
 * 1963 – The first episode of Doctor Who, the world's longest-running science fiction television show, was broadcast on BBC television, starring William Hartnell as the first incarnation of the title role.