Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/October 12

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 * 1398 – The Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas the Great and the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights Konrad von Jungingen signed the Treaty of Salynas, the third attempt to cede Samogitia to the Knights.
 * 1406 – Chen Yanxiang, the only person from Indonesia known to have visited dynastic Korea, reached Seoul after having set out from Java four months before.
 * 1492 – Believing he had reached the East Indies, Christopher Columbus made landfall on an island in the Caribbean, sparking a series of events that led to the European colonization of the Americas.
 * 1798 – The Peasants' War began in Overmere, Southern Netherlands, with peasants taking up arms against the French occupiers.
 * 1892 – The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States was first used in public schools to coincide with the opening of the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago.
 * 1917 – First World War: New Zealand troops suffered more than 2,000 casualties, including more than 800 deaths, in the First Battle of Passchendaele (pictured), making it the nation's largest loss of life in one day.
 * 1946 – Il Canto degli Italiani is adopted as national anthem by the newly formed Italian Republic.
 * 1960 – Japan Socialist Party leader Inejirō Asanuma was assassinated during a live television recording by a man using a samurai sword.
 * 1979 – Typhoon Tip, the largest and most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded, reached a worldwide record-low sea-level pressure of 870 mbar in the western Pacific Ocean.
 * 1984 – The Provisional Irish Republican Army detonated a bomb at the Grand Hotel in Brighton, England, in a failed attempt to assassinate British prime minister Margaret Thatcher and her cabinet.
 * 1992 – An earthquake with a magnitude of 5.8 or 5.9 struck south of Cairo, Egypt, killing 545 people.
 * Born/died: | Pope Honorius I |d|638| Thomas Dudley |b|1576| Nicholas Brend |d|1601| Richard Molesworth, 3rd Viscount Molesworth |d|1758| Juan José Castelli |d|1812| Kamini Roy |b|1864|  Arthur Harden |b|1865| Aleister Crowley |b|1875| Gilbert Parkhouse |b|1925| Anna Escobedo Cabral |b|1959| Mary Pinchot Meyer |d|1964| Ricky Wilson |d|1985| Sheila Florance |d|1991| Wilt Chamberlain |d|1999|