Wikipedia:WikiProject Martial arts/Loanwords

Loanwords are words of foreign origin which have been adopted into another language without significantly altering their original meaning. This page is a subpage of WikiProject Martial Arts, and is concerned exclusively with listing and debating whether martial arts-related terms have been adopted as loanwords into English.

Extablishing a particular word's status as a loanword is relevant only insofar as the Manual of Style is concerned, as loanwords are treated like other English words, and non-loanwords should be italicized every time they appear. Further, the accepted loanword spelling or romanization is how the word should appear when it is the title of an article, as well as every time it appears in the article, except when correct spelling or romanization is being specifically discussed or indicated parenthetically.

This page includes guidelines for debating whether a word is a loanword, as well as a series of tables with words which have been approved or rejected as loanwords, divided by language of origin.

Guidelines for determining loanwords
There is no bright-line rule for loanwords. Even if there were such a general rule, this is Wikipedia, so in any event, consensus rules. For the purpose of establishing consensus within the project, there are two important guidelines.
 * 1) Ubiquity. This is obviously very subjective, but simply, is the word widely known in English? Regarding the name of a martial art, is the name well known not only by non-practitioners of that art, but by non-martial artists?  The Manual of Style (Japan-related articles) is a helpful example.  It gives several examples of Japanese loanwords, such as Tokyo, sushi, futon, tycoon, and tsunami (as well as jujutsu and dojo, which are repeated below). So before lobbying for a word's inclusion as a loanword, ask yourself, "is this term as ubiquitous as 'sushi' or 'tsunami'?"  If not, perhaps it should not be considered a loanword.
 * 2) The "dictionary test". This is an objective test: does the word appear in an English dictionary?  Two specific dictionaries have been linked and referenced here (Merriam-Webster Online, and The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Langage, 4th ed.), because they are both extremely well known and respected, and have free web access for word searches.  This permits reliability, reproducibility and transparency when debating a word. Again, a word's presence or absence in either of these dictionaries is not conclusive of its loanword status, but the dictionary test should be considered highly persuasive. If a word does not appear in either of these dictionaries, but does appear in others, this may be given due weight, also.

What follows is a series of tables, divided by language of origin, alphabetically listing words that have been accepted or rejected after consensus was reached. If you believe that a word should be accepted as a loanword, or would like to dispute the acceptance or rejection of a word, please discuss at our talk page. Before making a request, please be aware that this page is not intended to exhaustively list every martial arts-related loanword; please confine requests to words that are currently being or likely to be contested.

Chinese
The following are two tables for words of Chinese origin which have either been accepted or rejected as loanwords in English.

Rejected words (Chinese)
None at this time.

Japanese
The following are two tables for words of Japanese origin which have either been accepted or rejected as loanwords in English.

Korean
The following are two tables for words of Korean origin which have either been accepted or rejected as loanwords in English.