Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/News/January 2022/Articles




 * Robert Howard Hodgkin : Hodgkin was an English historian who taught at Queen's College, Oxford, from 1900 to 1937, and was its provost from 1937 until 1946. He was known for his works A History of the Anglo-Saxons (1935) and Six Centuries of an Oxford College: A History of the Queen's College, 1340–1940 (1949). Despite his Quaker background, he volunteered to serve in the Second Boer War and the First World War -- his involvement in the former forced him to sever his connection to the pacifist Quakers.


 * Jim Lovell ( & ) : Per Hawkeye's and Balon's FAC nom statement, "This article is about the second oldest living American astronaut after his Gemini 7 and Apollo 8 crew mate Frank Borman. He also flew the Gemini 12 mission with Buzz Aldrin, who is two years younger. Lovell was part of the Next Nine group of astronauts selected in 1962 that also included Neil Armstrong, and he was Armstrong's backup for the Apollo 11 mission. Today he is probably best known for his unsuccessful final mission, Apollo 13, which was made into the 1995 film Apollo 13, in which he appeared."


 * Great Western Railway War Memorial : Another in Harry's series on war memorials, this article is part of two loose series (railway company war memorials and Charles Sargeant Jagger's war memorials). It follows on from two previous nominations of Jagger's works, the Royal Artillery Memorial and Portsmouth War Memorial.  The Great Western Railway (GWR) memorial stands on platform 1 at Paddington station in London, and commemorates 2,500 employees of the GWR who died in the First World War. One third of the GWR's workforce of almost 80,000 fought in the conflict, the company guaranteeing their jobs.


 * Uskok-class torpedo boat : The latest in PM's series on warships of the former Yugoslavia, this article looks at the Uskok or Četnik class of motor torpedo boats built for the Royal Yugoslav Navy in the late 1920s. Based on a British design, they deployed their torpedoes by lining the boat up with the target, dropping them off the back of the boat and steering away. Both boats were captured by in April 1941 and commissioned in the Italian Navy. One sank in 1942 when its hull failed, and the second one became non-operational in September 1943 and sailed to Allied-occupied southern Italy, to be broken up after the war.


 * Hamilcar's victory with Naravas : In nominator Gog's succint description, "Another obscure North African campaign involving the Carthaginians", this conflict occurred in 240 BC in what is now north-west Tunisia, where a Carthaginian army led by Hamilcar Barca defeated a rebel army led by Spendius and Autaritus, following the defection to Carthage of 2,000 Numidian cavalry led by Naravas. This was part of the larger Mercenary War that had begun in 241 BC, wherein Carthage fought a coalition of mutinous soldiers and rebellious African cities.


 * 1937 Brazilian coup d'état : The subject of this article is a military coup led by President Getúlio Vargas, with the support of the Brazilian Armed Forces, in November 1937. Vargas came to power in 1930 with military backing, and ruled as provisional president until elections were held in 1934. He then became constitutional president of Brazil a 1935 communist uprising fuelled speculation over a potential self-coup. Vargas could not seek re-election, but was unwilling to cede power. On 10 November 1937, the military surrounded the National Congress and cabinet approved a new constitution that gave dictatorial powers to Vargas.


 * Mu'awiya I ( & ) : Mu'awiya I, born somewhere between 597 and 605, was the founder and first ruler of the Umayyad Caliphate, reigning from 661 until his death in 680. He became caliph barely a generation after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and followed four Rashidun, or "rightly guided", caliphs. Mu'awiya differed from his predecessors in coming late to Muhammed's teachings, as opposed to being a close, early companion of the prophet. In what was then an unprecedented move he nominated his son, Yazid I, as his successor.


 * H2S (radar) (Maury Markowitz) : The H2S was the first airborne, ground scanning radar system. It was developed for the Royal Air Force's Bomber Command during World War II to identify targets on the ground for night and all-weather bombing. The radar proved successful, and was widely used. Improved variants of the system remained in service until 1993.


 * American services and supply in the Siegfried Line campaign (Hawkeye7) : American services and supply played a crucial part in the World War II Siegfried Line campaign, which ran from the end of the pursuit of the German armies from Normandy in mid-September 1944 until December 1944, when the American forces were engulfed by the German Ardennes offensive. Problems with port capacity and transportation created many shortages, but many others were the result of underestimating requirements and mismanagement.


 * The Holocaust in Greece (Buidhe) : This article covers the deportation and murder of Greek Jews, mostly as a result of their deportation to Auschwitz concentration camp, during World War II. By 1945, between 83 and 87 percent of Greek Jews were dead, among the highest proportion in Europe. Greece was invaded by Germany in 1941, and organised killings of Jews began in 1943. Around 10,000 of the 72,000 to 77,000 Jews who lived in Greece prior to the war survived by going into hiding, fighting with the resistance, or surviving their deportation.