Wikipedia:WikiProject Skepticism/List

This is a partial list of articles related to scientific skepticism. To explore all articles that have been tagged into this project, use the cleanup tool, or see the articles sorted by importance and quality.

Valid science



 * Scientific method
 * Scientific theory
 * Theory
 * Falsifiability
 * Peer review
 * Blinded experiment
 * Randomized controlled trial

Lists about skepticism

 * List of books about skepticism
 * List of notable skeptics
 * List of notable debunkers
 * List of prizes for evidence of the paranormal
 * List of skeptical conferences
 * List of skeptical magazines
 * List of skeptical organizations (see also Skeptical organisations in Europe)
 * List of skeptical podcasts
 * List of superstitions

Books

 * Why People Believe Weird Things
 * The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience
 * Denying History
 * The Science of Good and Evil
 * Science Friction
 * Why Darwin Matters
 * The Demon-Haunted World
 * Flim-Flam!
 * The Faith Healers
 * Conjuring
 * An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural
 * Voodoo Science
 * Darwin's Dangerous Idea
 * Breaking the Spell
 * The End of Faith
 * Letter to a Christian Nation
 * The Moral Landscape
 * Bad Astronomy
 * Death from the Skies!

Websites

 * Badastronomy.com
 * Quackwatch.org
 * Skepdic.com
 * Skeptoid.com

Magazines

 * Skeptical Inquirer
 * Skeptic (US)
 * The Skeptic (UK)

Pseudoscience



 * List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
 * List of fallacies
 * List of hoaxes
 * List of cryptids
 * List of reported UFO sightings
 * Anecdotal evidence
 * Ideomotor effect
 * Pareidolia
 * Placebo

Promoters of pseudoscientific ideas
This list includes promoters of any non-scientific claims, including those within the realms of pseudohistory, pseudomathetics, etc.


 * Rosemary Altea - British author and self-proclaimed psychic.
 * Dylan Avery - filmmaker, 9/11 truther and creator of the Loose Change series of films.
 * Michael Behe - American biochemist, author, and intelligent design (ID) advocate.
 * Tom Bethell - British journalist and author of The Politically Incorrect Guide to Science, which endorses HIV/AIDS denialism.
 * Harvey Bialy - American molecular biologist and AIDS denialist.
 * Sylvia Browne - American author and self-described psychic and spiritual medium.
 * Rhonda Byrne - Australian author of The Secret, which promotes ideas related to the New Thought law of attraction.
 * Kirk Cameron - American actor, evangelical Christian and creationist.
 * Jim Carrey - Canadian-American actor and advocate for the MMR vaccine-autism link and of the law of attraction.
 * Hiram Caton - American Professor of politics and history, and AIDS denialist.
 * Kristin Cavallari - American actress who refuses to vaccinate her children, owing to fears of a vaccine-autism link.
 * Exene Cervenka - American singer and conspiracy theorist who stated that the 2014 Isla Vista killings were a U.S. government conspiracy.
 * Deepak Chopra - Indian-American author and alternative medicine/New Age guru, promoter of "quantum healing", and opponent of "militant skepticism".
 * Ray Comfort - New Zealand-born Christian minister and evangelist and creationist.
 * Philip Cooney - climate change denialist, former fossil fuel lobbyist, climate team leader at the American Petroleum Institute and President George W. Bush's chief of staff of the Council on Environmental Quality.
 * Anne Coulter - American lawyer, conservative political commentator, and writer, who calls evolution "bogus science" in her 2006 book Godless: The Church of Liberalism, and who advocates radiation as cancer vaccine.
 * Étienne de Harven - Belgian-born pathologist, electron microscopist and AIDS denialist.
 * William A. Dembski - American mathematician, philosopher, theologian and proponent of intelligent design.
 * Allison DuBois - American author, purported medium, whose supposed abilities form the basis for the TV show Medium.
 * Peter Duesberg - German-American professor of molecular and cell biology and AIDS denialist.
 * John Edward - American television personality and professional psychic medium, known for his TV show Crossing Over with John Edward.
 * Celia Farber - American journalist, author, and AIDS denialist.
 * Martin Fleischmann - British electrochemist, known for his work with Stanley Pons on cold fusion in the 1980s and '90s.
 * Stanton Friedman - American nuclear physicist and Ufologist.
 * Richard Gage - architect, 9/11 truther and founder of Architects & Engineers for 9/11 Truth.
 * Uri Geller - magician, television personality, and self-proclaimed psychic, known for his trademark performances of spoon bending and other supposed psychic effects.
 * Hutton Gibson - Father of actor/ director Mel Gibson, conspiracy theorist, Holocaust denier and 9/11 truther.
 * Duane Gish - American biochemist, Young Earth Creationist, former vice-president of the Institute for Creation Research (ICR) and the author of numerous publications about creation science.
 * David Ray Griffin - retired American professor of philosophy of religion and theology, and author of 9/11 truther books.
 * Pierre Guillaume - French political activist and distributor of Holocaust denial literature.
 * Phillip E. Johnson - UC Berkeley law professor, author, and AIDS denialist
 * Ken Ham - Australian young Earth creationist, known as the president of Answers in Genesis, a Christian apologetics ministry which operates the Creation Museum.
 * Daniel Hamburg - former U.S. Congressman and 9/11 truther.
 * Jim Hoffman - 9/11 truther and creator of the website 9-11 Research.
 * David Hoggan - American professor of history, and Holocaust denier.
 * Kent Hovind - American young Earth creationist and conspiracy theorist.
 * David Irving - English writer and Holocaust denier, who specializes in the military and political history of World War II, with a focus on Nazi Germany.
 * Alex Jones - radio host and conspiracy theorist.
 * Steven E. Jones - American physicist, 9/11 truther and cofounder of Scholars for 9/11 Truth.
 * Peter Joseph - filmmaker and creator of the film Zeitgeist: The Movie.
 * J. Z. Knight - American mystic teacher and author, and is known for claiming to be channel of a spiritual entity named Ramtha.
 * Serge Lang - French-American mathematician and AIDS denalist.
 * John Lauritsen - retired market research analyst, author and AIDS denialist.
 * Shirley MacLaine - American actress, and a promoter in ideas such as reincarnation, New Age spirituality, and Ufology. She has stated to have had alien encounters and witnessed, and that in a previous life in Atlantis, she was the brother to a 35,000 year old spirit named Ramtha channeled by J. Z. Knight.
 * Christine Maggiore - American AIDS denialist who died of AIDS.
 * Lynn Margulis - American biologist and AIDS denialist.
 * Thabo Mbeki - former President of South Africa and AIDS denialist.
 * Jenny McCarthy - promoter of a link between the MMR vaccine and autism, and of chelation therapy as a remedy.
 * Kary Mullis - Nobel Prize-winning American biochemist, author, and promoter of AIDS denialism, climate change denial and astrology.
 * Andrew Neel - filmmaker and creator of the documentary on the 9/11 Truth movement, New World Order.
 * Gary Null - American talk radio host, author, documentary film and television producer, and advocate for alternative medicine and naturopathy.
 * Rosie O'Donnell - 9/11 truther who publicly disputed the official explanation for the destruction of the World Trade Center.
 * Adnan Oktar - Turkish author who, under the professional name Harun Yahya, published the Islamic creationist book Atlas of Creation.
 * Mehmet Oz - Physician who supports ideas such as faith healing, mediumship, Transcendental Meditation and use of garcinia extract as an antiobesity remedy.
 * Peter Phillips - 9/11 truther and president of Project Censored.
 * Stanley Pons - American-French electrochemist known for his work with Martin Fleischmann on cold fusion in the 1980s and '90s.
 * Peter Popoff - German American televangelist, and self-proclaimed prophet and faith healer.
 * David Rasnick - chemist, biologist and AIDS denialist.
 * Matthias Rath - German doctor, and vitamin salesman who promotes use of dietary supplements to treat or cure diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and HIV/AIDS.
 * Hugh Ross - Canadian American astrophysicist, Christian apologist, and old earth creationist.
 * Charlie Sheen - 9/11 conspiracy truther and narrator of the film Loose Change.
 * Andrew Schlafly - creationist and creator of Conservapedia, a wiki that promotes pseudoscientific views on topics such as evolution and abortion.
 * Frederick Seitz - American physicist, pioneer of solid state physics and climate change denialist.
 * Rupert Sheldrake - English author, lecturer, and researcher in the field of parapsychology, known for advocating his "morphic resonance" concept.
 * Ben Stein - conservative speech writer, actor and game show host, opponent of scientific materialism and co-writer and star of the anti-evolution 2008 film Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed.
 * Whitley Strieber - American horror author who claimed to have been abducted by non-human beings.
 * Giorgio A. Tsoukalos - Swiss-born Greek writer, television personality, and proponent of the idea that ancient astronauts interacted with ancient humans.
 * James Van Praagh - American author and self-described clairvoyant and spiritual medium.
 * Immanuel Velikovsky - Russian-Jewish psychiatrist and promoter of pseudohistorical ideas, most notably in the book Worlds in Collision.
 * Jesse Ventura - former professional wrestler, politician and 9/11 truther who has advocated controlled demolition theories for the destruction of the World Trade Center.
 * Andreas von Bülow - 9/11 conspiracy theorist and author of The CIA and September 11.
 * Erich Von Daniken - Swiss author of books promoting claims of extraterrestrial influences on early human culture, most notably the best-selling Chariots of the Gods?
 * Andrew Wakefield - British former surgeon and medical researcher, known for his fraudulent 1998 research paper in support of the now-discredited claim linking the MMR vaccine autism and bowel disease.
 * Travis Walton - American logger who claimed to have been abducted by aliens in 1975.
 * Montel Williams - talk show host promoter of Sylvia Browne, who had the medium as a regular guest on his talk show.
 * Robert Willner - American doctor and AIDS denialist.
 * Oprah Winfrey - TV talk show host, media mogul and promoter of Mehmet Oz.
 * Maharishi Mahesh Yogi - developer of the Transcendental Meditation technique, and spiritual advisor to the Beatles.
 * Mark Steele - British promoter of conspiracy theories related to 5G and vaccines.
 * Kate Shemirani - British former nurse and promoter of conspiracy theories related to 5G and vaccines.
 * Vernon Coleman - British former general practitioner, AIDS denialist and promoter of anti-vaccine conspiracy theories.

Former promoters of pseudoscientific ideas

 * Robert Root-Bernstein - Michigan State University professor of physiology and former AIDS denialist.

Victims of pseudoscientific ideas

 * Eliza Jane Scovill - daughter of HIV-positive AIDS denialist Christine Maggiore, who died of AIDS at age 3, following a pregnancy in which her mother refused to take antiretroviral drugs or other measures which reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Events in pseudoscience

 * Betty and Barney Hill abduction
 * Roswell incident
 * Tunguska event

Pseudohistory

 * 9/11 Truth Movement
 * Ancient astronauts
 * Archaeoastronomy
 * Atlantis location hypotheses
 * Death of Adolf Hitler
 * Fomenko's chronology
 * Holocaust denial
 * The Illuminati
 * John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories
 * Lost lands
 * Masonic conspiracy theories
 * Moon landing conspiracy theories
 * Pearl Harbor advance-knowledge conspiracy theory
 * The Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Health and healing

 * Acupressure
 * Acupuncture
 * Adrenal fatigue
 * Affirmative prayer
 * Alexander technique
 * Alternative cancer treatments
 * Anthroposophical medicine
 * Apitherapy
 * Applied kinesiology
 * Aromatherapy
 * Aspartame controversy
 * Astrology
 * Attachment therapy
 * Auriculotherapy
 * Autistic enterocolitis
 * Autogenic training
 * Autosuggestion
 * Ayurveda
 * Bach flower therapy
 * Balneotherapy
 * Bates method
 * Biodanza
 * Bioresonance therapy
 * Blood irradiation therapies
 * Body-based manipulative therapies
 * Body work (alternative medicine) or Massage therapy
 * Candida hypersensitivity
 * Chelation therapy
 * Chinese food therapy
 * Chinese martial arts
 * Chinese medicine
 * Chinese pulse diagnosis
 * Chiropractic
 * Vertebral subluxation
 * Chromotherapy (color therapy, colorpuncture)
 * Coding (therapy)
 * Coin rubbing
 * Colloidal silver therapy
 * Colon hydrotherapy
 * Craniosacral therapy
 * Creative visualization
 * Crystal healing
 * Cupping
 * Dietary supplements
 * Ear candling
 * Eclectic medicine
 * Electromagnetic hypersensitivity
 * Electromagnetic therapy
 * Electrohomeopathy
 * Energy therapies
 * Acupuncture
 * Magnet therapy
 * Medical acupuncture
 * Reiki
 * Qigong
 * Shiatsu
 * Therapeutic touch
 * Energy medicine
 * Energy psychology
 * Facilitated Communication
 * Faith healing
 * Fasting
 * Feldenkrais Method
 * Five elements
 * Flower essence therapy
 * Functional medicine
 * German New Medicine
 * Grahamism
 * Gua sha
 * Graphology
 * Hair analysis (alternative medicine)
 * Hatha yoga
 * Havening
 * Hawaiian massage
 * Herbalism
 * Herbal therapy
 * Herbology
 * Holistic living
 * Holistic medicine
 * Homeopathy
 * Home remedies
 * Hydrotherapy
 * Hypnosis
 * Hypnotherapy
 * Introspection rundown
 * Iridology
 * Isopathy
 * Journaling
 * Light therapy
 * Macrobiotic lifestyle
 * Magnetic healing
 * Manipulative therapy
 * Manual lymphatic drainage
 * Massage therapy
 * Medical acupuncture
 * Medical intuition
 * Meditation
 * Meridian (Chinese medicine)
 * Mindfulness meditation
 * Transcendental meditation
 * Vipassana
 * Mega-vitamin therapy
 * Mind–body intervention
 * Alexander technique
 * Aromatherapy
 * Autogenic training
 * Autosuggestion
 * Bach flower therapy
 * Feldenkrais Method
 * Hatha yoga
 * Hypnotherapy
 * Leaky gut
 * Morgellons
 * Moxibustion
 * Multiple chemical sensitivity
 * Music therapy
 * Naprapathy
 * Natural Health
 * Natural therapies
 * Naturopathic medicine
 * New thought
 * Neuro-linguistic programming
 * Nutritional healing
 * Nutritional supplements
 * Numerology
 * Orgonomy
 * Orthomolecular medicine
 * Osteomyology
 * Osteopathy
 * Pilates
 * Polarity therapy
 * Power Yoga
 * Pranic healing
 * Prayer
 * Psychic surgery
 * Qi
 * Qigong
 * Radionics
 * Rapid Prompting Method
 * Rebirthing
 * Reflexology
 * Reiki
 * Rolfing Structural Integration
 * Self-hypnosis
 * Shiatsu
 * Siddha medicine
 * Sonopuncture
 * Sound therapy
 * Spiritual mind treatment
 * Structural Integration
 * Support groups
 * T'ai chi ch'uan
 * Thai massage
 * Thalassotherapy
 * Therapeutic horseback riding
 * Therapeutic touch
 * Tibetan eye chart
 * Traditional Chinese medicine
 * History of traditional Chinese medicine
 * Traditional Korean medicine
 * Traditional Japanese medicine
 * Traditional Mongolian medicine
 * Traditional Tibetan medicine
 * Trager approach
 * Transcendental meditation
 * Trigger point
 * Tui na
 * Unani medicine
 * Urine therapy
 * Uropathy
 * Vaccine controversy
 * List of vaccine topics
 * Vaginal steaming
 * Visualization (cam)
 * Visualization
 * Water cure (therapy)
 * Wellness (alternative medicine)
 * Wilson's syndrome
 * Wind turbine syndrome
 * Yoga
 * Ashtanga yoga
 * Ashtanga vinyasa yoga
 * Bikram yoga
 * Hatha yoga
 * Iyengar yoga
 * Kundalini yoga
 * Power Yoga
 * Siddha yoga
 * Sivananda yoga
 * Tantric yoga
 * Viniyoga
 * Vinyasa yoga
 * Zang fu theory

Paranormal and science denial

 * 2012 millenarianism
 * 366 geometry
 * Animal mutilations
 * Anti-aging creams
 * Aryanism
 * Astrology
 * Aura (paranormal)
 * Autodynamics
 * Bermuda Triangle
 * Biodynamic agriculture
 * Brainwashing
 * Chakra
 * Channeling
 * Christian Science
 * Climate change denial
 * Global warming controversy
 * Conspiracy theory
 * Creationism
 * Baraminology
 * Creation science
 * Creation biology
 * Creationist cosmologies
 * Flood geology
 * Intelligent design
 * Irreducible complexity
 * Searches for Noah's Ark
 * Specified complexity
 * Crop circles
 * Cryptozoology
 * List of cryptids
 * Dogon people and Sirius B
 * Drapetomania
 * Dowsing
 * Einstein–Cartan–Evans theory
 * Electrogravitics
 * Electronic voice phenomenon
 * Energy (spirituality)
 * Extra-sensory perception
 * Face on Mars
 * Feng-shui
 * Free energy
 * Gasoline pill
 * Geocentric model
 * Ghost hunting
 * Graphology
 * Hollow Earth
 * Hongcheng Magic Liquid
 * Hydrinos
 * Koranic scientific foreknowledge
 * Law of attraction
 * Levitation
 * Lunar effect
 * Lysenkoism
 * Modern flat Earth beliefs
 * Moon landing conspiracy theories
 * Morphic resonance
 * Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
 * Neuro-linguistic programming
 * Nibiru cataclysm
 * Numerology
 * Orgone
 * Palmistry
 * Parapsychology
 * Phrenology
 * Polygraphy
 * Psychic surgery
 * Psychoanalysis
 * Psychokinesis
 * Primal therapy
 * Quantum mysticism
 * Rumpology
 * Scientific racism
 * Scientology
 * Dianetics
 * Narconon
 * Purification Rundown
 * Scriptural codes
 * Séances
 * Subliminal advertising
 * Technical analysis
 * Ufology
 * List of reported UFO sightings
 * Unilineal evolution
 * Vaimānika Shāstra
 * Vastu shastra
 * Water-fueled cars
 * Worlds in Collision
 * Yin and yang

Valid philosophy
The Scientific Method as an Ongoing Process.svg
 * Logic
 * Critical thinking
 * Skepticism
 * Scientific skepticism
 * Occam's Razor

Pseudophilosophy

 * Apocalypticism
 * Esotericism
 * Mysticism
 * New Age
 * Occult
 * Theosophy

Cults

 * Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University
 * Life University
 * Scientology
 * Church of Scientology

Pseudoarchaeology

 * Acámbaro figures
 * Ahnenerbe
 * Aku-Aku
 * America's Stonehenge
 * Ancient astronauts
 * Archaeological interest of Pedra da Gávea
 * Archaeology and the Book of Mormon
 * Atlantis: The Antediluvian World
 * AVM Runestone
 * Baghdad Battery
 * Baigong Pipes
 * Bat Creek inscription
 * Robert Bauval
 * Charles Berlitz
 * Bimini Road
 * Ior Bock
 * Book of Sothis
 * Bourne stone
 * Brandenburg stone
 * Luc Bürgin
 * Burrows Cave
 * Chariots of the Gods?
 * Robert Charroux
 * David Hatcher Childress
 * John Philip Cohane
 * Noël Corbu
 * Bob Cornuke
 * Pseudoarchaeology of Cornwall
 * Coso artifact
 * Creation Museum
 * Creationist museum
 * Crystal skull
 * Crystal skulls in popular culture
 * Cueva de los Tayos
 * Danbury, Essex
 * Erich von Däniken
 * Davenport Tablets
 * Charles Dawson
 * Dendera light
 * Dodman
 * Ignatius L. Donnelly
 * Dorchester Pot
 * Durupinar site
 * Earth mysteries
 * David Fasold
 * Barry Fell
 * Fingerprints of the Gods
 * Hugh Fox
 * Frauds, Myths, and Mysteries
 * From Atlantis to the Sphinx
 * Ġebel ġol-Baħar
 * George S. McMullen
 * Götaland theory
 * Gympie Pyramid
 * Graham Hancock
 * L. Taylor Hansen
 * Charles Hapgood
 * Gerd von Hassler
 * Heavener Runestone
 * Helicopter hieroglyphs
 * Hidden Worlds
 * Holly Oak gorget
 * Hyperdiffusionism in archaeology
 * Ica stones
 * Heribert Illig
 * In Search of... (TV series)
 * Jakten på Odin
 * The Jesus Family Tomb
 * Jungfrau Park
 * Kensington Runestone
 * Kingoodie artifact
 * Klerksdorp sphere
 * Christopher Knight (author)
 * Peter Kolosimo
 * Lake Winnipesaukee mystery stone
 * Landscape zodiac
 * Augustus Le Plongeon
 * Legends of Mount Shasta
 * Lemuria (continent)
 * Lenape Stone
 * Llygadwy
 * Lo!
 * London Hammer
 * Los Lunas Decalogue Stone
 * The Lost Tomb of Jesus
 * Mahogany Ship
 * Mayanism
 * Megalithic Yard
 * Megalithomania
 * The Message of the Sphinx
 * Michigan relics
 * Moab Man
 * The Mysterious Origins of Man
 * Narragansett Runestone
 * Nazi archaeology
 * New England Antiquities Research Association
 * New Lands
 * Newark Holy Stones
 * Newport Tower (Rhode Island)
 * The Old Straight Track
 * Olmec alternative origin speculations
 * Bosnian pyramid claims
 * Semir Osmanagic
 * Out-of-place artifact
 * Devaneya Pavanar
 * Pedra da Gávea
 * Pokotia Monolith
 * Poteau Runestone
 * Psychic archaeology
 * Pyramidology
 * Quimbaya artifacts
 * Otto Rahn
 * Rennes-le-Château
 * Ripley's Believe It or Not!
 * Robert Ripley
 * Alfred Rosenberg
 * San Pedro Mountains Mummy
 * Saqqara Bird
 * Robert M. Schoch
 * Searches for Noah's Ark
 * The Sign and the Seal
 * Zecharia Sitchin
 * Warren Smith (author)
 * Spartel
 * Spirit Pond runestones
 * Starchild skull
 * Talpiot Tomb
 * Thule Society
 * The Tomb of God
 * Tucson artifacts
 * Turkey Mountain Urban Wilderness Area
 * Uriel's Machine
 * Viking Altar Rock
 * William Fairfield Warren
 * Alfred Watkins
 * Westford Knight
 * Where Troy Once Stood
 * White gods
 * Harold T. Wilkins
 * Colin Wilson
 * Ron Wyatt
 * Xenoarchaeology
 * Yonaguni Monument

Glossary

 * Ad hominem An ad hominem argument, also known as argumentum ad hominem (Latin: "argument to the person", "argument against the man") is a logical fallacy consisting of replying to an argument by attacking or appealing to the person making the argument, rather than by addressing the substance of the argument. It is most commonly used to refer specifically to the ad hominem abusive, or argumentum ad personam, which consists of criticizing or personally attacking an argument's proponent in an attempt to discredit that argument.
 * Anecdotal evidence Information passed along by word-of-mouth but not documented scientifically is anecdotal evidence. In science, anecdotal evidence has been defined as: "information that is not based on facts or careful study" or "non-scientific observations or studies, which do not provide proof but may assist research efforts" or "reports or observations of usually unscientific observers" or "casual observations or indications rather than rigorous or scientific analysis"
 * Anti-intellectualism Anti-intellectualism describes a sentiment of hostility towards, or mistrust of, intellectuals and intellectual pursuits. This may be expressed in various ways, such as an attack on the merits of science, education, or literature. Anti-intellectuals often perceive themselves as champions of the ordinary people and egalitarianism against elitism, especially academic elitism.  These critics argue that heavily educated people form an insular social class that tends to dominate political discourse and higher education (academia).
 * Antiscience Antiscience is a position critical of science and the scientific method. It has been considered the "self-defeating...essentially anti-intellectual, rhetoric of many activists."
 * Charlatan A charlatan is a person practicing quackery or some similar confidence trick in order to obtain money or advantage by false pretenses. If the ascription is false, then "charlatan" is derogative; if it is true, then the description "charlatan" is not defamation.
 * Confirmation bias In psychology and cognitive science, confirmation bias (or confirmatory bias) is a tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions, leading to statistical errors. Confirmation bias is a type of cognitive bias and represents an error of inductive inference toward confirmation of the hypothesis under study.
 * Consciousness causes collapse Consciousness causes collapse is the theory that observation by a conscious observer is responsible for the wavefunction collapse in quantum mechanics. It is an attempt to solve the Wigner's friend paradox by simply stating that collapse occurs at the first "conscious" observer. Supporters claim this is not a revival of substance dualism, since (in a ramification of this view) consciousness and objects are entangled and cannot be considered as separate. Nevertheless, the doctrine that the world is made up of objects whose existence is independent of human consciousness turns out to be in conflict with Quantum Mechanics and with facts established by experiment."
 * Controversial science The phrase controversial science describes ideas and theories at odds with mainstream science. These ideas have often been advanced by individuals either from outside the field of science, or by scientists outside the mainstream of their own disciplines.
 * Crank (person) "Crank" is a pejorative term for a person who holds some belief which the vast majority of his contemporaries would consider false, clings to this belief in the face of all counterarguments or evidence presented to him. The term implies that a "cranky" belief is so wildly at variance with some commonly accepted truth as to be ludicrous, arguing with the crank is useless, because he will invariably dismiss all evidence or arguments which contradict his cranky belief. Common synonyms for "crank" include kook and crackpot.
 * Folk science
 * Fraud In the broadest sense, a fraud is a deception made for personal gain. The specific legal definition varies by legal jurisdiction. Fraud is a crime, and is also a civil law violation. Many hoaxes are fraudulent, although those not made for personal gain are not technically frauds. Defrauding people of money is presumably the most common type of fraud, but there have also been many fraudulent "discoveries" in art, archaeology, and science.
 * Fringe science Fringe science is a phrase used to describe scientific inquiry in an established field that departs significantly from mainstream or orthodox theories.
 * Intellectual dishonesty Intellectual dishonesty is the advocacy of a position known to be false. Rhetoric is used to advance an agenda or to reinforce one's deeply held beliefs in the face of overwhelming contrary evidence. If a person is aware of the evidence and the conclusion it portends, yet holds a contradictory view, it is intellectual dishonesty.  If the person is unaware of the evidence, their position is ignorance, even if in agreement with the scientific conclusion.
 * Junk science
 * Logical fallacy
 * Pejorative
 * Pathological science Pathological science is a neologism that describes the process in science in which people are tricked into false results by subjective effects, wishful thinking or threshold interactions. It found resonance among skeptical scientists, who enjoy debunking recurrent pseudoscientific views and claims.
 * Plagiarism Plagiarism is the practice of claiming, or implying, original authorship, or incorporating material from someone else's written or creative work in whole or in part, into ones own, without adequate acknowledgment. The written or creative work which is plagiarized may be a book, article, musical score, film script, or other work. Unlike cases of forgery, in which the authenticity of the writing, document, or some other kind of object, itself is in question, plagiarism is concerned with the issue of false attribution.
 * Pseudoscience Pseudoscience, or junk science, is any body of knowledge, methodology, belief, or practice that claims to be scientific but does not follow the scientific method. Pseudosciences may appear scientific, but they do not adhere to the testability requirement of the scientific method and are often in conflict with current scientific consensus.
 * Pseudoskepticism
 * Quackery Quackery is a derogatory term that is defined as the "medical practice and advice based on observation and experience in ignorance of scientific findings. The dishonesty of a charlatan." A "quack" is "a fraudulent or ignorant pretender to medical skill. A person who pretends, professionally or publicly, to have skill, knowledge, or qualifications he or she does not possess; a charlatan." "Health fraud" is often used as a synonym for quackery, but this use can be problematic, since quackery can exist without fraud, a word which always implies deliberate deception. The word "quack" derives from "quacksalver," an archaic word originally of Dutch origin (spelled kwakzalver in contemporary Dutch), meaning "boaster who applies a salve." The correct meaning of the German  word "quacksalber" is "questionable salesperson (literal translation: quack salver)." In the Middle Ages the word quack itself meant "shouting. The quacksalvers sold their wares on the market shouting in a loud voice."
 * Scientific misconduct
 * Self-deception Self-deception is a process of denying or rationalizing away the relevance, significance, or importance of opposing evidence and logical argument. When one can believe their own "lie" (i.e., their presentation that is biased toward their own self-interest), the theory goes, they will consequently be better able to persuade others of its "truth." Self-deception enables someone to believe their distortions, and they will not present such signs of deception and will therefore appear to be telling the truth.
 * Self-serving bias A self-serving bias occurs when people are more likely to claim responsibility for successes than failures. It may also manifest itself as a tendency for people to evaluate ambiguous information in a way beneficial to their interests. This happens in a way that could be unknown consciously to the person, flattering their own views.
 * Skepticism In ordinary usage, skepticism or scepticism (UK spelling) refers to an attitude of doubt or a disposition to incredulity either in general or toward a particular object, the doctrine that true knowledge or knowledge in a particular area is uncertain, or the method of suspended judgment, systematic doubt, or criticism that is characteristic of skeptics (Merriam–Webster). In philosophy, skepticism refers more specifically to any one of several propositions. These include propositions about the limitations of knowledge, a method of obtaining knowledge through systematic doubt and continual testing, the arbitrariness, relativity, or subjectivity of moral values, a method of intellectual caution and suspended judgment, a lack of confidence in positive motives for human conduct or positive outcomes for human enterprises, that is, cynicism and pessimism (Keeton, 1962).
 * Straw man
 * True-believer syndrome True-believer syndrome is a term used by skeptics to describe an irrational, persistent belief in the paranormal or concepts that have been proven by science to be false and unverified.
 * Wishful thinking Wishful thinking is the formation of beliefs and making decisions according to what might be pleasing to imagine instead of by appealing to evidence or rationality.

Film

 * The Other Side of AIDS - a 2004 film promoting AIDS denialism.
 * Loose Change - 2005-2009 series promoting 9/11 conspiracy theories.
 * The Secret (2006 film) - Film promoting the Law of attraction.
 * The Exodus Decoded - A 2006 pseudoarchaeology History Channel documentary film.
 * The Lost Tomb of Jesus - A 2007 pseudoarchaeology documentary film.
 * The Great Global Warming Swindle - A 2007 polemic documentary promoting climate change denialism.
 * Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed - 2008 film attacking evolution, and arguing that those scholars promoted Intelligent design have been persecuted.
 * House of Numbers (2009 film) - film promoting AIDS denialism.
 * Not Evil Just Wrong - 2009 climate change denial film.
 * New World Order (film) - 2009 film that uncritically documents Alex Jones' efforts in the 9/11 truther movement.
 * The Principle - a 2014 film promoting geocentrism.
 * Climate Hustle - 2016 film promoting conspiracy theories and denial about anthropogenic climate change (global warming).
 * Vaxxed - 2016 film promoting an alleged MMR vaccine-autism link.
 * The Connected Universe - A 2016 documentary film promoting the work of self-proclaimed physicist Nassim Haramein to argue that the universe is self-conscious.
 * Is Genesis History? - A 2017 film promoting Creation Science.
 * What the Health - A 2017 documentary film promoting veganism using grandiose pseudoscientific medical claims.
 * Vaxxed II - 2019 sequel to Vaxxed, anti-vaccination propaganda film pushing a conspiracy theory of epidemics caused by vaccines.
 * Plandemic - 2020 conspiracy theorist and anti-vaccination video and film

Television

 * Ancient Aliens - TV series promoting the idea of ancient astronauts.
 * The Oprah Winfrey Show - Show with which Oprah Winfrey has promoted the ideas of Mehmet Oz and Rhonda Byrne.
 * Ghost Hunters - Syfy series featuring paranormal investigators Jason Hawes and Grant Wilson investigating places that are reported to be haunted.

Books

 * Atlantis: The Antediluvian World - A pseudoarchaeology 1882 book by Ignatius L. Donnelly.
 * Creative Evolution - A 1905 book advocating orthogenesis.
 * The Genesis Flood - An influential 1961 book promoting Creationism and flood geology.
 * Vaimānika Shāstra - Early 20th-century text claiming to contain channelled information about ancient, advanced flying vehicles.
 * Chariots of the Gods? - 1968 book by Erich Von Daniken promoting the ancient astronaut theory.
 * The Sirius Mystery - 1976 pseudoarchaeology book by Robert K. G. Temple that posits evidence of alien contact 5,000 years ago.
 * A Guide for the Perplexed - 1977 book by E. F. Schumacher promoting chain of being, life energy and calling evolution "evolutionist doctrine".
 * Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation? - 1985 Gap and Day-age creationism anti-evolution book published by the Watchtower.
 * The Design Inference - 1988 book by William A. Dembski about Intelligent Design and Specified Complexity
 * Of Pandas and People - 1989 book by Percival Davis and Dean H. Kenyon promoting intelligent design creationism.
 * Darwin on Trial - 1991 book by Phillip E. Johnson, promoting creationism.
 * The AIDS War - 1993 book by John Lauritsen promoting conspiracy theories and denialism about AIDS.
 * Fingerprints of the Gods - 1995 book by Graham Hancock about pseudoarchaeology and ancient advanced civilizations.
 * Red Earth, White Lies - 1995 pseudoarchaeology book by Vine Deloria Jr. claiming that mainstream science is religious folklore.
 * Darwin's Black Box - 1996 book by Michael Behe promoting Intelligent Design using pseudoscientific arguments of Irreducible Complexity.
 * From Atlantis to the Sphinx - 1996 pseudoarchaeology book by Colin Wilson.
 * The CIA and September 11 (book) - 2003 book by Andreas von Bülow promoting 9/11 conspiracy theories.
 * Icons of Evolution - 2002 book by Jonathan Wells criticizing how evolution is taught.
 * Uncommon Dissent - 2004 book by William A. Dembski promoting Intelligent Design
 * The Design Revolution - 2004 book by William A. Dembski promoting Intelligent Design
 * The Politically Incorrect Guide to Science - 2005 book by Tom Bethell, which endorses HIV/AIDS denialism.
 * The Secret (book) - 2006 book based on the 2006 film of the same name.
 * Godless: The Church of Liberalism - 2006 anti-liberalism book by Ann Coulter that also prominently echoes pseudoscientific anti-evolution arguments like Irreducible Complexity of Intelligent Design tradition.
 * The Design of Life - 2007 renamed third edition of Of Pandas and People.
 * Explore Evolution - 2007 book used in the Discovery Institute campaign teach the controversy promoting Intelligent Design creationism.
 * The Jesus Family Tomb - 2007 pseudoarchaeology book by Simcha Jacobovici and Charles R. Pellegrino.
 * Thimerosal: Let the Science Speak - 2014 anti-vaccine book claiming that levels of mercury used as a preservative in some vaccines are dangerous
 * Magicians of the Gods - 2015 pseudoarchaeology book by Graham Hancock about ancient advanced civilizations.
 * America Before: The Key to Earth's Lost Civilization - 2019 book by Graham Hancock.
 * Darwin Devolves: The New Science About DNA That Challenges Evolution - 2019 pseudoscientific creationist arguments book by Micheal Behe.

Journals and Magazines

 * Explore: The Journal of Science & Healing
 * Neuroquantology

Websites

 * arn.org from Access Research Network - promotion of ID
 * ideacenter.org from Intelligent Design and Evolution Awareness Center - promotion of ID
 * evolutionnews.org from Discovery Institute - promotion of ID