Wikipedia:Wiki Ed/Hunter College CUNY/AFPRL 29026 Intro to Hip Hop Culture and History (Fall 2016)

Employing the latest resources in social networking sites, this course will study hip hop’s historical and present-day culture. To that end, each student will develop a project interrogating some unique aspect of this powerful expressive genre. Hip-hop encompasses three generations of people of African descent as well as Puerto Ricans and people of Latin heritage. What happens with the people and communities who contributed to the birth of a culture, its aesthetics, its philosophies, and its socio-political critiques are less than 10% of those writing about its culture and history on Wikipedia. If the word is bond, paying attention to knowledge creation matters.

Week 1
Welcome to your Wikipedia project's course timeline. This page will guide you through the Wikipedia project for your course. Be sure to check with your instructor to see if there are other pages you should be following as well.

Your course has also been assigned a Wikipedia Content Expert. Check your Talk page for notes from them. You can also reach them through the &quot;Get Help&quot; button on this page.

To get started, please review the following handouts:


 * Editing Wikipedia pages 1–5
 * Evaluating Wikipedia

Week 2

 * Create an account and join this course page, using the enrollment link your instructor sent you.
 * It's time to dive into Wikipedia. Below, you'll find the first set of online trainings you'll need to take. New modules will appear on this timeline as you get to new milestones. Be sure to check back and complete them! Incomplete trainings will be reflected in your grade.
 * When you finish the trainings, practice by introducing yourself to a classmate on that classmate’s Talk page.

Week 3
It's time to think critically about hip hop related articles on Wikipedia and Wikipedia articles generally. You'll evaluate a Wikipedia article, and leave suggestions for improving it on the article's Talk page.

Read one of the following and review existing conversations on its talk page. Click through to learn or discover &quot;who,&quot; &quot;what,&quot; where,&quot; and &quot;how&quot; most of the editors associated with the article are approaching the topic. Notice any bias based on what you are learning from studying hip-hop literature.

'''Pick one of the five choices below in order to critique the articles and respective talk pages for this week's module: '''


 * 1) Four elements in hip hop culture top the taxonomy (look that word up if it is unfamiliar) in this Template:Hip hop. Choose one of the elements and examine how it is represented within the structure of the taxonomy or template (see link above).


 * 1) Breakingwhich actually links to the article &quot;B-Boying&quot;
 * 2) DJingwhich actually links to the article &quot;Turntablism&quot;
 * 3) Graffiti(linked to the article of the same name)
 * 4) MCing, which actually links to the article &quot;Rapping&quot;


 * 1) Compare Hip hop to Hip Hop Music. There is a debate over whether these two articles should be combined.
 * 2) See subsection &quot;Gender hierarchy&quot; in the article Hegemonic masculinity which discusses &quot;the mainstream adoption of black hip hop culture&quot; and contrast with Transgender representation in hip hop music or with Misogyny in hip hop culture (or compare all three).
 * 3) Compare and contrast Hip-hop Feminism and Feminist activism in hip hop


 * Complete the &quot;Evaluating Articles and Sources&quot; training (linked below).
 * Choose an article (from above), and consider some questions (but don't feel limited to these):
 * Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference?
 * Is everything in the article relevant to the article topic? Is there anything that distracted you from your standpoint as a female/male, as a person of color or someone who is identified as  white, as a person of cis- or trans-gender sexuality, or other?
 * Is the article neutral? Visit NPOV disputes for more. Are there any claims, or frames, that appear heavily biased toward a particular position about hip hop, its culture, or history?
 * Where does the information come from? Are these neutral and credible sources? If biased, is that bias noted? (See useful playlist of videos provided by Dr. Gaunt)
 * Are the viewpoints of a particular demographic group, historical period, or language over-represented, or under-represented specifically with regards to hip-hop knowledge and/or participants, producers, or fans?
 * Check a few citations. Do the links work? Is there any close paraphrasing or plagiarism in the article?
 * Is any information out of date? Is anything missing that could be added?
 * What about translation? Is there a need to translate information to or from another language?


 * Choose at least 2 questions, based on your study, reflection, and editing above, relevant to the article you're evaluating. Leave your evaluation on the article's Talk page. Be sure to sign your feedback with four tildes — Aubrey.Hunter (talk) 00:45, 15 March 2017 (UTC). 

SATISFACTION METRIC FOR YOUR FINAL PROJECT: The aim is to have a minimum of 10 edits (no more than 5 can be minor edits) for the course to earn a C to a B-. Additional edits will improve your grade. If you compose a new article or make a significant contribution to one or more articles.

Week 4
Familiarize yourself with editing Wikipedia by adding a citation to one of the articles from the previous module and one to an article related to your favorite reading from the course or the book of your choice for the course.

'''Apply the concepts of power, stratification, and oppression to your work: '''

"culture a system of knowledge, beliefs, patterns of behavior, artifacts, and institutions that are created and shared by a group of people over time as well as shaped by the institutions they establish. It is learned and taught; shared and contested, symbolic and material all shaped by norms, values, symbols and mental maps of reality. (K. Guest, Cultural Anthropology, 2014).

power the ability or potential to bring about change through action or influence, either one's own or that of a group or institution. It may include the ability to influence through force or the threat of force. It is embedded in social relations from interpersonal to institutional by race and racism, ethnicity and nationalism, gender, human sexuality, economics, and family. (K. Guest, Cultural Anthropology, 2014: 46).

stratification power in any culture reflects the uneven distribution of resources and privileges among its participants. People are drawn into the center of a culture and others are ignored, marginalized, or even annihilated. Power may be distributed along lines of gender, racial or ethnic groups, class, age, family, religion, sexuality, or legal status. Structures of power organize relationships and create frameworks through which access to resources is distributed. (K. Guest, Cultural Anthropology, 2014: 46).

'''oppression '''Used by political sociologists to refer to an imbalance where relatively few people are advantaged by policy and practice, while the greater majority is not. Defined as &quot;those attitudes, behaviors, and pervasive and systematic social arrangments by which members of one group are exploited and subordinated while members of another group are granted privileges&quot; (Bohmer &amp; Briggs, 1991, p. 155 quoted in Glasberg and Shannon, 2011, p. 1)."

There are two ways you can do this:


 * Add 1-2 sentences to a course-related article, and cite that statement to a reliable source, as you learned in the online training.


 * The Citation Hunt tool shows unreferenced statements from articles. First, evaluate whether the statement in question is true! An uncited statement could just be lacking a reference or it could be inaccurate or misleading. Reliable sources on the subject will help you choose whether to add it or correct the statement.

SATISFACTION METRIC FOR YOUR FINAL PROJECT: The aim is to have a minimum of 10 edits (no more than 5 can be minor edits) for the course to earn a C to a B-. Additional edits will improve your grade. If you compose a new article or make a significant contribution to one or more articles.

Week 5
Choose an article. Could be one you've been working on or something new related to the course.

[Always] Read through it, thinking about ways to improve the language, such as fixing grammatical mistakes. Then, make the appropriate changes. You don’t need to contribute new information to the article.

'''Apply the concepts of power, stratification, and oppression to your work: '''

"culture a system of knowledge, beliefs, patterns of behavior, artifacts, and institutions that are created and shared by a group of people over time as well as shaped by the institutions they establish. It is learned and taught; shared and contested, symbolic and material all shaped by norms, values, symbols and mental maps of reality. (K. Guest, Cultural Anthropology, 2014).

power the ability or potential to bring about change through action or influence, either one's own or that of a group or institution. It may include the ability to influence through force or the threat of force. It is embedded in social relations from interpersonal to institutional by race and racism, ethnicity and nationalism, gender, human sexuality, economics, and family. (K. Guest, Cultural Anthropology, 2014: 46).

stratification power in any culture reflects the uneven distribution of resources and privileges among its participants. People are drawn into the center of a culture and others are ignored, marginalized, or even annihilated. Power may be distributed along lines of gender, racial or ethnic groups, class, age, family, religion, sexuality, or legal status. Structures of power organize relationships and create frameworks through which access to resources is distributed. (K. Guest, Cultural Anthropology, 2014: 46).

'''oppression '''Used by political sociologists to refer to an imbalance where relatively few people are advantaged by policy and practice, while the greater majority is not. Defined as &quot;those attitudes, behaviors, and pervasive and systematic social arrangments by which members of one group are exploited and subordinated while members of another group are granted privileges&quot; (Bohmer &amp; Briggs, 1991, p. 155 quoted in Glasberg and Shannon, 2011, p. 1)."

SATISFACTION METRIC FOR YOUR FINAL PROJECT: The aim is to have a minimum of 10 edits (no more than 5 can be minor edits) for the course to earn a C to a B-. Additional edits will improve your grade. If you compose a new article or make a significant contribution to one or more articles.

Week 6
You'll want to find or create an appropriate photo, illustration, or piece of video/audio to add to an article.


 * Before you start, review the Illustrating Wikipedia handbook, or see Editing Wikipedia pages 10–11.
 * When you've reviewed those pages, take the training linked below.
 * When you're ready to start finding images, remember: Never grab images you find through an image search, or those found on Instagram, Tumblr, Reddit, Imgur, or even so-called &quot;Free image&quot; or &quot;free stock photo&quot; websites. Instead, you'll want to find images with clear proof that the creator has given permission to use their work. Many of these images can be found on search.creativecommons.org.
 * Don't just upload an image to Wikipedia. Instead, upload it to Wikipedia's sister site for images, Wikimedia Commons. For instructions, read through the Illustrating Wikipedia handbook.

SATISFACTION METRIC FOR YOUR FINAL PROJECT: The aim is to have a minimum of 10 edits (no more than 5 can be minor edits) for the course to earn a C to a B-. Additional edits will improve your grade. If you compose a new article or make a significant contribution to one or more articles.

Week 7
To prepare for our final analyses of systemic bias in editing Wikipedia, we should strive to understand intersectionality through a theory: standpoint theory.

"Standpoint theorists emphasize the utility of a naturalistic, or everyday experiential, concept of knowing (i.e., epistemology). One's standpoint (whether reflexively considered or not) shapes which concepts are intelligible, which claims are heard and understood by whom, which features of the world are perceptually salient, which reasons are understood to be relevant and forceful, and which conclusions credible.[1]|undefined" To get a perspective on the significance of intersectionality to our critique of hip-hop culture as well as Wikipedia, watch this keynote by Columbia Professor Kimberle Crenshaw from March 2016 as part of the WoW Festival in UK (Women of the World Festival will return to Apollo in 2017):

"Kimberlé Crenshaw - On Intersectionality - keynote - WOW 2016" [https://youtu(.)be/-DW4HLgYPlA ] When you examine how Wikipedia articles represent regional scenes in the U.S., you can see below that Omaha has it's on category in Cities but Brooklyn, Queens, Staten Island, or the South Bronx are missing. Why? Because these scenes are associated with its roots as if they no longer produce music and culture.

Online, we are oriented towards a standpoint of time in seconds and minutes but not dates in timelines, updates, and in Wikipedia articles. How does the standpoint of living in an always-on mobile media ecology where our attention to time is a &quot;now&quot; phenomenon or orientation, how does this affect the shaping of a &quot;history&quot; regional styles on Wikipedia? Who and what is left out?

How are women and non-black or non-white males overlooked because of attention to region? Men and boys have more access to public spaces even as communities of color are being limited from occupying the public sphere. Policed off the sidewalk, the middle of the street, off the street corner, out of the mall, off private property and public school yards or property after hours; the policing of black and brown bodies in public spaces leaves girls and women to deal with street sexual harassment while they contend with more intimate partner violence at home that other demographics, esp black and brown girls.

This allows us to make writing about regional hip hop a feminist project, or, in other words, we can apply standpoint theory to open up the way readers of WP think about regionalism as political not only along the lines of race but also gender and sexuality. Perhaps their spaces are hidden in clubs and homes.

Where, in what places and regions, do female emcees flow? Here's an example of the imagined community of local female emcees led by Toni Blackman as part of Rhyme like a girl. Also check out Hip Hop Sisters dot com.

Where would Black Lily fit into this template/taxonomy? http://blacklily.com/

"Black Lily is committed to supporting women artists of all ages by highlighting their work and providing opportunities for networking and training. Black Lily values women’s voices and seeks to educate the general public about the importance of women’s art. We value politically conscious art and underground art, and we are dedicated to education, diversity and collaboration through art, culture and entertainment."

Template:Regional hiphop in the United States

Here is the contents of the template for quick viewing but click the link above to see it in vivo.

Hip hop in the United States

Regions | East Coast  West Coast  Midwest  Southern  Pacific Northwest

Cities | Atlanta  Baltimore  Chicago  Detroit  Memphis  Miami  New Orleans  [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_Cities_hip_hop Minneapolis/St. Paul]  New York  Omaha  Philadelphia  Washington, D.C.

Complete at least two edits (one minor '''and one significant) based on your study above.  This assignment is based on the notion of &quot;'strong objectivity'&quot; '''

"Strong objectivity, is a term coined by feminist scholar Sandra Harding, also known for her work on feminist standpoint theory which is a method of research that is grounded in women's experiences. For strong objectivity, Harding suggests that starting research from the lives of women &quot;actually strengthens standards of objectivity&quot;.[1]Strong|undefined"

SATISFACTION METRIC FOR YOUR FINAL PROJECT: The aim is to have a minimum of 10 edits (no more than 5 can be minor edits) for the course to earn a C to a B-. Additional edits will improve your grade. If you compose a new article or make a significant contribution to one or more articles.


 * 1) Five Pillars: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars
 * 2) Verifiability: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing_with_VisualEditor/1
 * 3) Find Tool: http://edwardbetts.com/find_link
 * 4) Gender bias map tool: http://net.wanderingliquen.com/explore
 * 5) Wikipedia Tools List from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools
 * 6) WhoDunIt Query Tool: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:AmiDaniel/WhodunitQuery
 * 7) WP articles on writing essays about WP: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Essays_in_a_nutshell/Article_writing
 * 8) Translating an existing WP article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation
 * 9) WP article on Gender bias in editing: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Gender_Bias_and_Editing_on_Wikipedia