Wikipedia talk:User access levels/Archive 1

Levels
Each wiki will need to decide which user groups to have and who can go in each one. Currently, the default is as follows, although might change before 1.4 1.5 goes lives:


 * Anonymous
 * Read, edit, createaccount


 * Logged in
 * Read, edit, move, upload


 * Sysop
 * "Logged in" + delete, undelete, protect, block, asksql (disabled), rollback, patrol, editinterface


 * Bureaucrat
 * "Sysop" + userrights, createaccount, siteadmin (non-functional)

There is also the "bot" level, which by default no one has (stewards would presumably still have this).

Should any changes be made to the default? Do we want to introduce new levels (for example, allow some people to edit the mediawiki namespace but not let them block users)? Should all current admins get at least the default "sysop" levels that are included in this new system? Angela. 23:06, Nov 19, 2004 (UTC)


 * I think further levels of user hierarchy would complicate matters unnecessarily. I favor leaving the four levels as they are currently, leaving WP:RFA intact, and creating a separate page wherein users can request certain permissions for specific purposes. Rdsmith4&mdash; Dan | Talk


 * userrights would permit bureaucrats to desysop anyone locally, correct? Presumably by typing exact rights strings as stewards now do?  Pakaran (ark a pan) 00:22, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * Currently, bureaucrats would be able to desysop people, and even do more radical things like disallow editing to anons. I've reported this as a bug. Angela. 11:15, Nov 20, 2004 (UTC)

While this is at test, it's not necessarily going to be in 1.4. The developer concerned intends that it must exactly match current Wikimedia functionality or not be in 1.4. That is, no changes in capabilities at all are intended, so it's a complete non-event here if it happens. What's behind this is requests from other sites for more controls on their participants/ customers (possibly including things like charging for features). Jamesday 00:37, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * I disagree about it being a non-event. This potentially lets us have far more control over user levels, and will let people not trusted enough to be admins, or not brave enough to go through RfA, to still be able to do things like edit the interface, which currently they can't have unless they are full sysops. It also means if someone is sent to the arbcom for violating their blocking powers, they could have that exact power removed without losing the ability to rollback etc. Angela. 11:15, Nov 20, 2004 (UTC)

New user "classes"
Upon reading this, I'm immediately drawing a mental comparison to D&D-style "character classes", so I kind of pictured a "progression" approach to the new rights. Obviously, the names are debateable. I'd also see it possible that a user could progress through multiple paths and combine titles, gaining the appropriate rights (i.e. "multi-class").


 * "Level 0" - IP visitor - Read, edit (?), createaccount
 * Initiate - standard logged-in editor - Read, edit, move, upload, patrol
 * Protector - defends against vandalism - "Initiate" + delete, protect, block, rollback
 * Arbitrator - user disciplinary action - "Protector" + userrights
 * Librarian - page maintenance - "Initiate" + delete, undelete, editinterface, asksql
 * Administrator - site maintenance - "Librarian" + protect, siteadmin
 * Bureaucrat - user maintenance - "Initiate" + userrights, asksql

I dunno, these were some initial thoughts. I'll admit I don't know how "patrol" functions, but I assume everyone can verify an edit in Recent Changes. -- Netoholic @ 01:40, 2004 Nov 20 (UTC)

Deletion rights
There should probably be a distinction between the ability to delete 'actual' pages and the ability to delete pages that have no history other than being redirects. I don't think that I've used my ability to delete for much other than deleting redirects, and even then usually only in order to move a page. -Sean Curtin 03:05, Nov 20, 2004 (UTC)

Definition of "protect" access level
This states: "Lets users lock a page so it can not be edited by users without admin rights"

Since "admin rights" are not defined except in that they are some combination of various access levels, what is fundamentally meant by this? Right now, the definition effectively contains a circularity. Is the access level one might call "editprotected" equivalent to the "protect" access level, or one of the others, or something different entirely? --Michael Snow 03:21, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * I think, but am not certain, that protect would let you both protect a page and edit a protected page. Angela. 11:15, Nov 20, 2004 (UTC)

Questions
Does the "patrol" mean that if somebody with that ability looks at a page and decides that it's okay, *I*, who have not seen the page, will never see it on Recent Changes? I want to make that determination for myself.

What is going to happen to all of the broad sysop powers that we currently have? Will we automatically be given all of the authority, none of it, or parts of it? RickK 07:36, Nov 20, 2004 (UTC)


 * You can hide patrolled edits from recent changes if you want to. You don't have to. It's similar to the "hide logged in users" option on recent changes now.
 * As the system currently stands, you start off with no levels at all. I strongly expect this will change before it goes live here so sysops now will basically have the same powers in 1.4. The difference is that non-admins will be able to apply for new lower levels if they want to. Angela. 11:15, Nov 20, 2004 (UTC)
 * Is everybody who's now a sysop going to have to re-apply for adminship? RickK 00:07, Nov 21, 2004 (UTC)
 * The way I understand it, those who are currently admins will remain so and will retain all the same abilities. There will be the potential for non-admins to request certain permissions short of full adminship. (I highly doubt all current admins would have to re-apply - it would be a huge inconvenience.) Rdsmith4&mdash; Dan | Talk 03:14, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)

edit protected page
Is there an "edit protected page" capability? Or is it implied by some other capability? &mdash;AlanBarrett 10:12, 27 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * It's currently implied by "protect". It'd make more sense for it to be separate (but still implied by "protect"). -- Cyrius|✎ 16:46, 27 Nov 2004 (UTC)

view deleted page
I think that "view deleted page" should be separate from the "undelete" capability. &mdash;AlanBarrett 10:13, 27 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * In general I'm with the people who want to split "undelete" (as above), "delete" (into pages and images), "protect" (into protect and edit-protected), etc. Not that I feel we will want to make a practise of splitting them apart (especially not right away), but rather because I think that if we're going to change this part of the interface, we should do it all at once, and not dribble additions on later. I would assume that these changes are only an incremental amount of work for a developer (now that admin has already been split into a large number of different capabilities) so I don't feel too bad about requesting "just one more small change"! Noel (talk) 13:41, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Comments from Wikipedia talk:Requests for adminship
Administrators will not exist in quite the same way in MediaWiki 1.4, due for release in a few weeks. Instead there will be user groups, and these can be assigned any mixture of access levels. See User access levels and its talk page for details. This could seriously affect the way requests for adminship is handled since people will have the option of applying only for specific powers, such as rollback, rather than having to apply for full adminship powers. Angela. 23:14, Nov 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * I assume there is also the alternative of keeping things as they are, in order to not introduce additional complexity in the bureaucratic system… &mdash; David Remahl 23:53, 19 Nov 2004 (UTC)

These are not necessarily going to be in 1.4. They are at test but what is at test does not indicate what is going to be in 1.4 yet - it's unlikely to until just after the include/exclude decisions are made. In thie case of this feature, desired by some third party sites, the developer concerned intends that it must exactly match the current capabilities if it's to be in 1.4. It doesn't at present. Jamesday 00:50, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * In practical terms, what does this mean? Is there any compelling reason v1.4 admins shouldn't have the same powers as now, just because it's possible? What are some reasons we would want to have different levels of admins, and how would the community decide whether a person might be suitable for one level but not another? -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 08:16, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * In practical terms, this means that when 1.4 is released, nothing will change with regards to admin powers on Wikipedia. There is the potential in the future for us to change how the powers are arranged and portioned out, with applications for specific abilities being a possibility. -- Cyrius|✎ 05:34, 21 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * Is there the possibility that perhaps the community could get to vote on this change? I mean, there are a lot of people that like things as-is, I think. BLANKFAZE | (&#1095;&#1090;&#1086;??) 08:31, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * Well, I'd hope that things would stay as they are unless people voted to change them. That is, the ability to change would be in 1.4, but things would keep on working the same way by default. Shane King 07:08, Nov 21, 2004 (UTC)


 * I do hope this will be the case, as I've not heard anything of this before. Ambi 02:29, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * I'm not doing it but that's the intent as I understand it: it's to be a non-event even if the details of how it's implemented internally change. Jamesday 13:47, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Principle of least privilege. &mdash; Matt 01:08, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * I'd argue that the principle wikis in general and Wikipedia in particular have applied is the Principle of most privilege. The only reason administrative functions are at all limited, is that they would be abused and cause a lot of damage if they weren't. However, that risk is very low for "trusted members" of the community. That is why adminship is a broad thing and not a big deal. &mdash; David Remahl 14:00, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * what he said. dab 16:52, 23 Nov 2004 (UTC)

1.5
As an anon so briefly noted, the new permissions system is now being held back until Mediawiki 1.5. Brion Vibber says that they're aiming for February with 1.5. -- Cyrius|✎ 19:30, 3 Dec 2004 (UTC)

CheckUser
Please see CheckUser for a page about whether this permission should be extended to more than the two people who currently hold it, and how we should go about doing that. Angela. 03:46, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)

Unwatchedpages
This is may not be the right page for this question - so point me somewhere else if necessary. Why is unwatchedpages an Admin funtion. Surely this would be a good tool for Reg Users to have, to help deal with Vandalism and/or Inappropriate pages?

Your thoughts please Lethaniol 12:32, 10 December 2006 (UTC)


 * The basic thought is, if it was an all-users permission, it would be the equivalent of Easiest pages to vandalize. Since anyone can create an account, and hundreds of vandal accounts are created each day, it would serve as a quick-reference list of pages that could be easily vandalized, and if done so subtly (so as to not raise red-flags with RC patrollers) could remain vandalized for months, because nobody is watching them. The original intent of having the special page, as I understand it, was so admins could find unwatched pages and watch them for vandalism and other problems, rather than to have a quick-hit list for potential vandals. Essjay   ( Talk )  01:18, 11 December 2006 (UTC)
 * So why not make it a long-standing member type thing, like editing semi-protected pages. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Comperr (talk • contribs) 00:39, 15 February 2007 (UTC).
 * Editing semi-protected pages doesn't require you to be a long-standing member, it only requires about 4 days. Opening up unwatchedpages would require much longer than that. --Tango 12:15, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

Out of date
This table seems to be out of date. It doesn't mention semiprotecting, and doesn't distinguish between newly registered users and users that have been around a few days. Also, there is the new ipblock-exempt permission. Can someone that knows precisely how things are now update this table? (I could try, but it would be guesswork.) --Tango 17:43, 10 January 2007 (UTC)

Banned users
Ahem, I see that "banned users" (and only they) can "patrol" and "asksql". Excuse me, but this seems to be nonsense. Afaik, "asksql" is a (now abandoned) feature once available to sysops and patrol is probably open to all (registered?) users, when it is enabled on the wiki. Am I completely mistaken on this? --Mbimmler 10:48, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

siteadmin
Isn't siteadmin editing the MediaWiki interface? mrholybrain 's talk 00:00, 13 April 2007 (UTC)
 * No, this priv is called 'editinterface', while 'siteadmin's are responsible for locking database. And let me assure you, stewards can't lock it. Even more, I checked: developer permission gives you access to Special:Lockdb, but it says that lock file is not writable for the web server, that's why I marked siteadmin as depreciated. Max S em 06:56, 13 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Fine. mrholybrain 's talk 10:28, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

An Inconsistent Description
The diagram on the page here differs from what is described here. I would have corrected it myself, but I don't know which is right. --P4wn4g3 03:31, 2 May 2007 (UTC) —The preceding unsigned comment was added by P4wn4g3 (talk • contribs) 03:29, 2 May 2007 (UTC).

"The colors..."
The table marks various cells as (two shades of) green, yellow, red, or black. Yet nowhere is there a key to explain what these colors mean. Of course, another problem is that many people can't distinguish red from green. Tualha (Talk) 02:02, 14 July 2007 (UTC)


 * Red is disabled/blocked, yellow is "special" (EG. Click the link to see the userlist), green is applicable and I'm assuming lighter green is "Because you have to have permission to do this at lower levels" or some such. A key would be usefull. 68.39.174.238 15:00, 20 July 2007 (UTC)

Founder user access level
Isn't this merely an extended version of the steward level?? --Solumeiras talk 16:13, 10 January 2008 (UTC)


 * I believe it's just nominal. The steward and founder levels are separate but I don't think 'founder' has anything extra with it. Just Jimbo vanity. -- 213.152.52.38 (talk) 16:59, 9 April 2008 (UTC)

deletedhistory and undelete
The table differentiates between these; there are no groups with only one of the two on wikimedia wikis - keeping them separate would still be informative if they are separate permissions in mediawiki, but it needs to be clear just what is associated with each permission. —Random832 16:13, 10 January 2008 (UTC)

CAPTCHA required for new accounts
User access levels says: "They are also not required to answer a CAPTCHA at any time". At Help desk a one day old account says that a CAPTCHA is required to add external links. Has there been a change? PrimeHunter (talk) 17:00, 7 March 2008 (UTC)


 * I think it was corrected now. Autoconfirmed accounts aren't required to enter the CAPTCHA, new users still have to. -- 213.152.52.38 (talk) 17:04, 9 April 2008 (UTC)

Checking user groups
Because I can't find it anywhere - how can I (or in practoice a bot of mine) check whether a given user is a newbie (less than four days) or not? Pseudomonas(talk) 19:40, 2 April 2008 (UTC)
 * There are some scripts being developed for this, I've heard. In the meanwhile, you can use http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&limit=500&type=newusers&user=USERNAME to see when an account was created. Just subtract 4 from that date, if the difference is a negative number, then that user is a newbie.  CURRENTDATE shows you today's date. -- penubag  (talk) 02:18, 15 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks :) Pseudomonas(talk) 08:19, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

Crats and sysops
Enough cluttering up the page history :D. The important thing as far as I'm concerned is that, while the RfA/RfB process on en.wiki ensures that no one will ever be promoted to 'crat without first becoming an admin, there is no requirement in the MediaWiki software for that hierarchy, so it would be inaccurate of us to suggest in the table or text that it was the case. If a crat were ever to be promoted without being an admin, I expect it would be considered a gross abuse of rights for them to unilaterally promote themselves to sysop, in the same way it would be considered highly inappropriate for a crat who is also a bot operator to flag one of their own bots without first going through WP:BRFA. Happy‑melon</b> 09:41, 15 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Exactly. All requests to stewards to assign a crat flag without a +sysop are denied. However, technically crats aren't automatically sysops and shouldn't be described as @those who can do same things as sysops plus promote users and bots". Max S em(Han shot first!) 09:44, 15 April 2008 (UTC)


 * But note that this table is not on mediawiki.org. While it may technically be possible, this page is about user rights on this site where all bureaucrats are admins. Mr.  Z- man  15:26, 15 April 2008 (UTC)
 * And so we've made a note of that fact above the table; perhaps a similar note should be added to the #Bureaucrats section also. But it would be misleading to colour the cells in the table for Bureacrat/protect or Bureaucrat/delete green, because that is not what is happening.  <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 15:38, 15 April 2008 (UTC)
 * That table has its own problems. If I ever get really bored and have a couple hours of free time, I plan on redoing it. Mr.  Z- man  19:23, 20 April 2008 (UTC)
 * What do you think is wrong with it? It's certainly not perfect, but I can't think of a better way of presenting the information. <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 08:30, 21 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Aren't crats able to remove the Bot flag?  MBisanz  talk 02:26, 21 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Yes they can: I've corrected the table. <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 08:30, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

Vandalism
Wow, is it just me or is there a sudden surge in vandalism to this page? Sockpuppets anyone? -- penubag  (talk) 01:01, 1 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I've semi-protected - it's not an article or discussion, and there's clear evidence that, when the semi-protection expires, the vandalism returns immediately. <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 09:25, 1 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Still seems persistent. It's sock puppetry, who would edit this page as their first edit? -- penubag  (talk) 02:34, 6 May 2008 (UTC)

Inherited
What does Inherited mean exactly? Does it mean that a right is assumed for that usergroup but the right is not granted? So an administrator not in the group autoconfirmed would denied to move a page, but they inherit it because they are not revoked from the autoconfirmed group when promoted to an admin. -- penubag  (talk) 02:13, 10 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Does this mean that a bureaucrat 'inherits' admin rights? -- penubag  (talk) 05:03, 12 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Admins are explicitly autoconfirmed; crats don't automatically inherit sysops' rights. Max S em(Han shot first!) 05:23, 12 May 2008 (UTC)
 * So sysop accounts automatically get the ability to use e.g. movepage even if the account is newer than four days? --Random832 (contribs) 15:16, 20 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't think that's the case; although I'm prepared to be proved wrong, I don't think that's how the software works. Someone with a personal wiki want to test it? <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 15:18, 20 May 2008 (UTC)

'founder' group
There has been some back-and forth regarding the definition for this group, I've set it to a very basic explanation as it does exist--but will leave it to this talk page for the need for further information. — xaosflux  <sup style="color:#00FF00;">Talk  13:28, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I think the locus of the dispute - that there should be some independent reference for a fact in the wikipedia namespace - is utterly ludicrous. <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 13:49, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Note, my only personal argument is that there should be a description of this group, but don't really have an opinion as to the inclusion of the history of it. — xaosflux  <sup style="color:#00FF00;">Talk  13:58, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
 * The <tt>'founder'</tt> group exists on en.wiki, therefore its existence should be noted on this page - that much, I think, is indisputable. I really can't understand what's wrong with the original wording. <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 14:02, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I question the claim that it was created as a "mark of respect for Jimmy Wales, founder of Wikipedia". If this was authorized by the Board, there should be some documentation. Otherwise, I think it's likely Wales himself did (or ordered some developer to do) this. Bramlet Abercrombie (talk) 14:25, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
 * What makes you assume that it would need to be authorised by the board? As long as we don't impinge on WMF's legal isolation (ie host copyrighted material, egregiously violate WP:OR, etc) there's no need for the board to 'authorise' anything, and they're far too busy to do so. As long as we're in line with their values, they have many other better things to do than micromanage our user-rights choices :D.  The 'founder' usergroup is not implemented on any other wikimedia project (see wikimedia's actual config files), which is evidence against it being implemented by either the devs or Jimbo.  Besides, it's completley useless - Jimbo already has steward rights on meta, so he can make any rights changes there.  <tt>'founder'</tt> gives him local access to all user-rights and to Special:Makesysop, which he's never going to use, even on himself (as he's an admin anyway).  There's no possible use for the group other than as a mark of respect. <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 19:05, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Well, who's "we"? Ordinary users can hardly create new user access levels. Only developers can do that; they might do so on their own initiative, or by order of some authority, or indeed after a community decision, but in the case of a community decision a record should be on the wiki somewhere, and I can't find such. I agree it's functionally useless, only serving to bolster the Jimbo cult (and to support his "sole founder" myth), but the question is who initiated this? The passive-voice statement "it was created as a mark of respect" is a bit dubious if it may have been Wales who created it as a mark of respect for himself. Bramlet Abercrombie (talk) 19:21, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
 * What makes you so suspicious that it was his own initiative? <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 19:26, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
 * The fact that he's self-aggrandizing all the time, this would be typical. And I find it unlikely anyone else would do this on their own initiative. Bramlet Abercrombie (talk) 19:33, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Well that's your opinion, to which you're fully entitled. I'm going to e-mail the developers to get a comment from their side. <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 20:11, 23 May 2008 (UTC)

I created the group, for reasons I have explained a number of times. There were complaints from some Wikipedians about Jimmy being a steward, because it was said to be confusing. But other Wikipedians wanted him to have that group as a mark of respect. I created the founder group as a compromise between those two positions, added Jimmy to it, and then informed him afterwards that I had done so, in an apologetic email. I also wrote this description of the group. -- Tim Starling (talk) 04:33, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I assume those "other Wikipedians" told you that in private, or was there an on-wiki discussion? Bramlet Abercrombie (talk) 10:22, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Why does it matter?? <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 15:50, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Because it wouldn't be appropriate to give the impression that the community at large expressed its respect for Wales when it didn't. Bramlet Abercrombie (talk) 16:41, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I wasn't under the impression that the original wording implicated anyone in the group's creation. The version you've just added, which gives the impression that it was entirely Starling's idea, is less accurate than the intermediate version. WP:AGF extends to all namespaces, you know - why is it so difficult to accept the possibility that there might not be any conspiracy here? <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 16:53, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
 * By not implicating anyone, the original version implicated a collective decision. Apparently it was pretty much Starling's decision, backed up maybe by a handful of people on IRC. Bramlet Abercrombie (talk) 19:15, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Would you consider the text as it stands after my edit just now to be a fair representation of events? <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 19:25, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
 * The unspecified talk about "requests" is still misleading, suggesting that there was some widespread movement for this, which there wasn't. Unless Tim Starling can name the people who "requested" this, he should take the sole responsibility. Also, I don't think "sinecure" is the right word here; all user rights are sinecures in that they only involve rights and no obligations to do anything. Bramlet Abercrombie (talk) 21:22, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
 * You appear to be of the opinion that the creation of this user group constitutes a mistake for which "responsibility" (=blame?) needs to be assigned; as I've said, you are welcome to that opinion, but I don't think very many people would agree with it. Is there any particular reason why we shouldn't trust Starling to be telling the truth just a few lines above? I agree, on re-reading, that sinecure doesn't quite mean what I thought it did - can you think of a better word to sum up the nature of the group? <b style="color:forestgreen;">Happy</b>‑<b style="color:darkorange;">melon</b> 21:58, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I'm not saying what he said isn't the truth, it's just not the complete truth since "other Wikipedians" isn't specified. In all likelihood it was just a few people, otherwise there would be a record of an on-wiki discussion about it. Whether that makes it a mistake is a question anyone can answer for themselves. I'm just saying the page should make clear what the facts are. As to the nature of the group, you might say it's a pure "status symbol" for Wales if it doesn't add to the powers he already has without it. Bramlet Abercrombie (talk) 22:31, 24 May 2008 (UTC)

Edits to Autoconfirmed users
Very new users who try to upload an image are brought to Autoconfirmed users. I edited Autoconfirmed users to give these new users better insight into where the restrictions derive (e.g., the MediaWiki software itself). indicates at the bottom that "From MW 1.12, you can create your own groups into which users are automatically promoted (as with autoconfirmed and emailconfirmed) using $wgAutopromote." I presumed this meant bureaucrats since that same MediWiki List of Groups indicates that bureaucrat are "users who by default can change other users' rights." If some other group does this, please change the sentence. I included the info about an alternate (a remote one at that) to the 4/10 software scheme so that new users don't think Wikipedia is a heartless machine run by computers and more willing to continuing editing after being prevented from uploading their image, moving a page, etc.. -- JohnABerring27A (talk) 21:57, 12 June 2008 (UTC)


 * $wgAutopromote is a setting that can only be changed by system administrators (like Tim Starling or Brion VIBBER). — {admin} Pathoschild 03:29:04, 20 June 2008 (UTC)

en.wiki
Since many new users may read this page, would it be prudent to clarify en.wiki and en.wikipedia as (en.wikipedia.org / English wikipedia)?

Shouran (talk) 03:16, 10 November 2008 (UTC)

Page move vandalism
I thought that to be WP:Autoconfirmed, your account needs to be both four days old and have ten edits. Is this correct?

Domas Mituzas and ProvidentialPrudence have both been involved in Grawp-themed page move vandalism for Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and VeggieTales respectively. The first editor's contribution history lists zero edits. The second's lists five. But they were both able to move pages. Why is this? WhatamIdoing (talk) 03:32, 14 February 2009 (UTC)

How many edits
How do I know how many edits I have? Dpalme (talk) 23:00, 31 March 2009 (UTC)


 * If you want to know your edit count go to your contributions page, go to the bottom, were you will see a number of tools, including User rights, Edit count, Articles created, and files uploaded. Click on 'Edit count' and you will go to Toolserver.org, were you find your top ten most edited articles, month edits, and percents of templates, talk pages, articles, and WP pages, and much more. A quicker way to find out is to go to your preferences and it will show an edit count there. --The High Fin Sperm Whale (Talk • Contribs) 01:28, 4 January 2010 (UTC)

Trusted Editor
Might it be wise to have a kind of Trusted Editor category? The potential benefits of this include not having to contact an administrator should they want to edit something. A potential candidate should prove that they can make non-controversial edits and have the ability to think things through. They should also have a good track record among other users. This person could act as sort of a quasi administrator.

Other abilities could include:
 * Page deletion, but another administrator has to confirm it
 * Not being affected by a rate limit
 * View deleted history
 * Editing locked pages that only administrators can edit

This ability could speed up the backlog of some of the things here. I know that there are probably those out there who either support or are against this proposal, so add ideas that you see fit. Kevin Rutherford (talk) 02:25, 22 February 2009 (UTC)


 * I think that we'd much rather make these people be full admins. WhatamIdoing (talk) 19:11, 23 February 2009 (UTC)

Poll on reviewer autopromotion for flagged protection and patrolled revisions
There is currently a poll on the autopromotion of reviewers at Wikipedia talk:Reviewers, for the trial implementation of flagged protection and patrolled revisions. For information, see general documentation and overview. All users are invited to comment, and to participate in the elaboration of a reviewing guideline as well. Cenarium (talk) 13:47, 12 April 2009 (UTC)

What the Hell?
When I created my account I could not create articles until I was autoconfirmed. Why? Daniel Christensen (talk) 16:05, 12 April 2009 (UTC)
 * You can create articles regardless of autoconfirmation. Ruslik (talk) 16:51, 12 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Maybe you were instead trying to edit an locked article? I hear those are easy to mix up...Fuzbaby (talk) 19:50, 19 May 2009 (UTC)

Changing the name
Once you have an account, can you change the name of your account, or would that wreak havoc? --The High Fin Sperm Whale (talk) 02:00, 9 June 2009 (UTC)
 * See WP:CHU. Ruslik_ Zero 19:27, 9 June 2009 (UTC)

Who can see Special:Userrights
As an admin, I can (obviously) see the flags at Special:Userrights, including the flags I don't have the ability to change, which appear "grayed out." However, a non-admin sees "Your account does not have permission to assign user rights." Is there a reason he doesn't just see the same page with all of the boxes "grayed out"? It seems like a good idea, especially since this is the best place to check what permissions a given user has. --Philosopher Let us reason together. 04:59, 27 June 2009 (UTC)
 * You could request an enhancement at . Cenarium (talk) 16:01, 20 September 2009 (UTC)


 * The bottom of contributions pages have a "User rights" link anybody can see. Maybe this should be mentioned at User access levels. PrimeHunter (talk) 13:21, 25 November 2009 (UTC)

Turning Autoconfirmed into an explicit userright
Please see and comment here. Thanks, Cenarium (talk) 16:02, 20 September 2009 (UTC)

Help
Hello, I am busy with a school project, and I cannot upload images, how do I get confirmed as a user? I have to complete this page —Preceding unsigned comment added by Super Warmonkey (talk • contribs) 12:41, 25 November 2009 (UTC)


 * Your account is old enough and you have 4 edits so you just need to make 6 more edits to any page to become autoconfirmed. You can upload images right away to Wikimedia Commons at http://commons.wikimedia.org and use them in Wikipedia. But see also FAQ/Organizations,Notability, Reliable sources. Advertising statements like "has qualified and determined teachers and faculty, giving individual attention to each and every pupil" increase the risk that a page will be considered spam and deleted. PrimeHunter (talk) 13:15, 25 November 2009 (UTC)

Okay thank you —Preceding unsigned comment added by Super Warmonkey (talk • contribs) 17:37, 1 December 2009 (UTC)

Be autoconfirmed to create a page?
Ok, I already checked at WP:PEREN and this isn't there, so here we go: I propose we make users become autoconfirmed before they can create a page. This would have positive effects:
 * It would force users to have at least a tiny amount of familiarity with Wikipedia before they add a page
 * It would severely reduce the number of pages that get speedy deleted, especially blatant vandalism/attack/nonsense pages, as most vandals are too lazy/stupid to make ten good edits and too impatient to wait four days
 * It seems to me to just make good plain common sense. We make users become autoconfirmed before they can move a page or upload an image, yet they can create a new article the second they register an account. WP:AFC will still be available for ip or non-autoconfirmed users.


 * I'm going to cross-post this in a few places, and if it no serious problems/opposition become apparent we can move on to listing on WP:CENT or something. Beeblebrox (talk) 21:41, 18 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I've often thought this was a good idea for all the reasons you say above, but I'm fairly sure its been outright rejected on more than one occasion, I just can't remember when or where-- Jac 16888 Talk 21:48, 18 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I like the idea and agree it would solve problems, but let's try a softer approach first and see if it would work:
 * Change the text that comes up when you type in a missing article name so that it strongly encourages using the New Article Wizard and adds an option to create a draft as Special:Mypage/.
 * Change the behavior when you click on a redlink so it opens the New Article Wizard with the article name pre-filled in, unless you have gone to your preferences and changed it to bypass the Wizard. Existing accounts would have this setting automatically set when the preference is added to Special:Preferences.
 * davidwr/ (talk)/(contribs)/(e-mail)  21:59, 18 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I can't say the New Article Wizard has improved things from my point of view, instead I've just being deleting more articles with a few headings and a reference to example.com, although in fairness I'm less active at speedy deletion now-- Jac 16888 Talk 22:03, 18 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I don't have a problem with the article Wizard, and I'm sure it has helped folks who come here with good intentions, but it hasn't slowed the flow of garbage pages at all, just made them look a little better before they are deleted. This way those well intentioned people would have four days to make sure that they are not creating an article that will be speedied, and outright vandals will give up in the vast majority of cases. Of course this won't stop them from vandalizing other articles, but I think it's effect on attack and nonsense pages would be quite something. We could still allow them to create subpage drafts so that they could work on the pages and get them up top snuff before they go live. If they are ready before that they can use AFC. I've tried to think this through for any serious problems that might be caused by it, and I can't think of any. Beeblebrox (talk) 22:09, 18 December 2009 (UTC)
 * Despite my comments above, I could live with not allowing users to create pages in article space if any attempt to do so automatically created the page in user-space, with a note to them explaining how to move it to article space when they had autoconfirmed status, and an easy/automagic-button way for them to add it to a Category:Articles by new editors ready to be published or someplace similar asking that an established editor give the article a patroller's-eye-view once-over, and make the move if it's not speedy-deletion-eligible, tagging it with cleanup tags if necessary. I would suggest having the software pre-fill the page with a template that has a "ready to publish=no" field, instructing the editor to change it to "yes" when it is ready. davidwr/  (talk)/(contribs)/(e-mail)  23:53, 18 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure we need to construct such an elaborate system, if they tried to create a new page and were blocked for not being confirmed, they could simply be presented with the choice to either make a userspace draft, submit what they have at AFC, or wait until they are autoconfirmed to proceed. Beeblebrox (talk) 01:45, 19 December 2009 (UTC)
 * If this choice were presented in a welcoming way, I could concede to it. We are trying to solve one problem - reducing the number of hopelessly bad articles created by new users - and we will create another problem - scaring off new editors who want to share their pride and joy.  If we do nothing but impose this rule, the cure will be worse than the disease.  If we do it right, with a strong eye to saying "we like you and value your efforts," we can reduce the number of scared-off newcomers to low enough levels that it's worth it to stop them from creating articles.  davidwr/  (talk)/(contribs)/(e-mail)  01:50,  19 December 2009 (UTC)
 * If we do it right it should actually encourage new users by lessening the chance that their first contribution will be a page that is deleted 2 minutes after they post it. I do agree that we need to make sure we are clear that it's not that we don't value them but that we are trying to make sure that their first Wikipedia experience is a positive one. The devil is in the details, as they say, but for now I'm just trying to see if this has any hope at all. Coming up with a detailed proposal at this point is probably premature. Beeblebrox (talk) 01:56, 19 December 2009 (UTC)


 * This was discussed with an RfC in October, see Village pump (proposals)/Archive 53. I support the idea, but it didn't gain approval. Fences  &amp;  Windows  02:08, 19 December 2009 (UTC)
 * As I said to Rd232 a month ago, the benefit of this proposal is to funnel new articles by non-autoconfirmed users via the same avenue as IP users, to delineate newbie articles from general user articles, and have newbies operating in the less Wild West arena of AFC rather than their first experience of Wikipedia being a zealous NPPer. Fences  &amp;  Windows  02:15, 19 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I think there is no question that the most common bad first experience a newbie can get is to have his first article speedily deleted &mdash; no matter how necessary that deletion was. Guiding them towards a user space draft and making them wait until they got their feet wet with a couple of edits and a few days sounds like a good method to help them not be scared off; and has the nice side effect of making life hard(er) enough to discourage many drive-by vandals.  I'd support.  &mdash; Coren (talk) 02:29, 19 December 2009 (UTC)
 * Although I completely understand why this would be nice and save a lot of troubles overall, I have to go against it on principle and that it's opposite some of Wikipedia's general philosophy. Perfect idea and a no-brainer one would think, but it's just not "Wikipedia~y". We have enough of a public image problem as it is, and, *gasp* once word got out your account had to exist for 4 days (or 10 edits, but no one would mention that) before you could create anything it would be on every last media outlet you could think of, and we'd just be feeding fuel to general naysayers and just continuing the spiral of what seems to be keeping things status quo in stats instead of possibly growing much more.. Requiring an account to publish was passed over pretty quick (for most, not all) once people realized it was even more dull than any other web signup and, but this would be a very drastic change. "Wikipedia: The encyclopedia anyone can edit ... after waiting a few days. Check back at the end of the week"? Sigh. I'm going to be stubborn and say that Wikipedia's core nature is not compatible with this. ♪ daTheisen(talk) 03:30, 19 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I agree with daTheisen on this one. Although I like the basic idea (and in some ways agree with it), I do think that this would go against the basic premise of Wikipedia being the encyclopedia that anyone can edit! Not allowing IPs to create new articles makes sense, not allowing registered editors is more iffy. Yes, it means that a vandal can create an account and create a new article - but most vandals can't be bothered to make an account. So, I say "IPs no, all registered users yes" to creating new pages. --  Phantom Steve / talk &#124; contribs \ 09:22, 19 December 2009 (UTC)

Comment. The philosophy of being "The encyclopedia anyone can edit" is in opposition to the philosophy of traditional encyclopedias of only allowing experts to contribute. That's what it means. Only an attempt to identify users' credentials or otherwise gauge their knowledge and experience as a pre-requisite to contributing would conflict with the Wikipedia philosophy. All other changes (like being able to protect pages from editing, prevent IPs creating pages, the ability to block/ban) may or may not be desirable, but are merely technical decisions on what is best for the encyclopedia. So much for the general philosophy; on this specific proposal, it bears pointing out that we're merely talking about delaying (very slightly) the ability to immediately create new, live encyclopedia entries. Anyone can still edit existing entries, or draft new ones in userspace.

And this change is exactly the sort of change we should be examining periodically, because (a) the bigger and bigger WP gets, the less and less likely that completely inexperienced users are creating articles that should go live without some kind of review. The proportion of junk and spam (in articles created by such users) must be increasing, simply because there are less and less easy, popular topics not covered yet. Increasingly topics not covered are hard, boring ones - to get these covered we need to pull more people in for the longer term, rather than drive-by editing. In addition, (b), we need to work a lot harder to reduce the learning curve. Opponents of this change tend to focus on the idea that not being able to create new articles immediately is massively off-putting. Supporters reckon getting your first contribution deleted in minutes is more off-putting. In terms of the pros/cons, this is where the debate needs to focus. Some way of testing these things would be great, so the impact of a trial could be evaluated instead of merely being speculated about. Rd232 talk 12:19, 19 December 2009 (UTC)


 * I'm not disagreeing with you on your finer points of philosophy-- you're right that it wouldn't change the fact, but having a wait time like it's a firearms purchase is an unusual thing to try to get the public to understand out of the blue. Instead, it snowballs into another media media mess that hurts i the long run. I'll argue that part of Wikipedia "spirit" at this point is how pop culture has soaked it in, and the ultimate direction and progress of the project is directly tied to this in many ways. This does NOT mean we make any changes to the encyclopedia for this reason, just to clarify on that. Cutting away one of our "special things" would hurt people, and I'd argue that it'd be on par with theoretical restrictions on IP edits or flagged revisions in terms of "not cool". For better or worse, Wikipedia-- and en.Wikipedia in particular-- are dug into normal culture on basically the principles of easy creation and anyone can edit. Concerns of censorship would be my biggest worry with this, and actually would have some merit. We'd need a new user rights for this on this, too. Autoreviewers would have to be expanded 10-fold or admins almost the same for there to be any chance of new pages getting "the okay" without falling into the backlog of 300,000 or so articles that have citation templates on them.
 * I don't care how other language Wikipedias do it, but this English version is webbed in deeply with so many things in both the Encyclopedia and as a an internet icon that we should try as hard as we can to preserve it as something that encourages more productive participation. Put new users through article GNG "quizzes", drill NPP with a newly-reviewed and adjusted-as-necessary for new consensus set of CSD criteria, offer us userfication, give us templates with green borders and exclamation marks for talk pages as assistance and reminders instead of an automatic scolding and being yelled at to check policy along with angry red signs. All common sense issues and would just need more diligence, and these were all suggestions that came from the infamous WP:NEWT but never went anywhere. This is at least one more chance for it to end up productive. ♪ daTheisen(talk) 15:16, 19 December 2009 (UTC)

Strong oppose. This is one worst ideas I have ever seen. For Wikipedia, this is just an equivalent to the suicide. How many users will reappear after 4 days and 10 edits? My guess is less than 1%. How many spammers will be deterred by this? My guess is zero. They will simply reprogram their bots to wait 4 days and to make 10 meaningless edits. Are new users scared to death by article deletions? This has been claimed many times but I have never seen any hard evidence. Just another red-herring, in my opinion. In any case articles are not deleted without a good reason. If somebody creates an article containing ''I am Jimmy. I go to school.'', it will be deleted, of course, and the editor is likely to disappear. However, is loss of such editors a really big problem? I am much more concerned that if somebody wants to create an article about a new planet discovered somewhere, they will be told to wait 4 days (and make 10 meaningless edits) or go through a bureaucratic maze, which someone proposed above. How many editors will want to contribute under such conditions? And finally how many editors will be required to staff the AFC in this case? Ruslik_ Zero 15:40, 20 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I don't know about you, but I edited on-and-off as an IP for about a year before I got an account. Why did I get an account at all, then? Simply because I wanted to create an article and that was the only way I could do it. Most unconfirmed users probably created their accounts to create their first articles. That's why this proposal won't fly. A Stop at Willoughby (talk) 19:49, 19 December 2009 (UTC)
 * That's not a sufficient explanation, for me. The autoconfirmed hurdle (4 days + 10 edits) is low. The opportunity to draft in userspace exists in the mean time, and some mechanism to put drafts live with assistance (for the impatient) is easy to create. And we absolutely must avoid assuming that doing this loses us more users than the WP:BITEy status quo, where stuff gets deleted so quickly. In addition, I'd argue that one key thing we need is long-term contributors who really learn the system; losing drive-by "My Spam" contributors is little loss. And these potential long-term contributors need to be helped, and I'd argue that this is help, in the same way that requiring people to get driving licences before they can drive alone is help. Rd232 talk 00:02, 20 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I may be the exception, but I edited as a registered user for about six months before I ever created an actual article. Creating an article really shouldn't be someone's first edit on Wikipedia, because of the high likelihood that it will have serious problems and be deleted within minutes. I think the "media frenzy" is a red herring. Most people in fact do not understand the whole autoconfirmed thing, and it's actually not that big of a change. Non-autoconfirmed users are already restricted from certain actions, we would just be adding one more to the list. Most of the objections I am seeing so far seem to be saying that they don't actually think that this is a bad idea, but they don't think we should do it for some other reason. If it's not a bad idea, those other reasons can be overcome. The idea that this goes against Wikipedia's core philosophy doesn't jive with me, since one of the five pillars of Wikipedia is to ignore any rule when following that rule would harm rather than help the project. Beeblebrox (talk) 20:26, 19 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I must be odd too, it was over two years and several hundred edits from me creating an account to creating my first article. Note that this proposal is not to stop new users from starting articles, but to filter them through WP:AFC.  Fences  &amp;  Windows  23:25, 19 December 2009 (UTC)
 * Would people's opinion on this matter be different if we had FlaggedRevisions enabled on this Wikipedia? (And yes, I saw that daTheisen referred to FR above) (Incidently, have you seen the Flagged revisions petition?) --  Phantom Steve / talk &#124; contribs \ 00:06, 20 December 2009 (UTC)
 * "My guess is ...." + "I have never seen any hard evidence...." = ??? Are you happy to make up your mind based on speculation about how many and what kind of users the proposed approach deters versus the current one, or would some way of testing the impact of such a change actually be a good idea? Nobody is being told to wait four days, they can draft the article in userspace immediately. If whatever mechanism put in place to ensure that people can put their drafts live more quickly than that gets backlogged (WP:AFC? no, userspace drafts are much better for this), the impact of that is so very much mitigated by the fact that users can come back in four days and move it themselves (and no doubt mechanisms for reviewing abandoned drafts will be created, with no greater workload than NPP now). In fact people seem generally happy to support Flagged Revisions, which is a VASTLY more problematic version of this proposal in terms of putting people off editing and in terms of workload created.
 * More generally, the argument about junk contributors being willing to jump through any hoops is irrelevant - we'll deal with them either way. The real issue is those inexperienced contributors who might actually contribute substantially - how can we improving their experience, and make their first contribution more likely to stick, their second contribution a substantially better one once they starting getting how things work, and the contributor more likely to stick around. I'm amazed at the idea that the Potential Longterm Contributor will be put off by having to draft the article first (if they have ZERO experience), yet won't mind at all if their poor yet good faith article idea gets unexpectedly slapped with delete tags, being happy to soldier on nonetheless. For me, it's all about expectations. Saying "anyone can create an article (but you need to draft it first, if you've no experience)" is much better than "anyone can create an article (but your contribution WILL get roundly slapped with all manner of tags and possibly be deleted for being rubbish, you ignorant fool, because you've no experience and we haven't told you what experience you need or what treatment to expect)". Basically, do we want to hand the keys to our Ferrari to anyone who walks through the door and let them straight out onto the open road (if you crash and burn, we'll tag your wreckage!), or do we ask them to drive round the carpark a bit first, to get used to the controls? Rd232 talk 17:05, 20 December 2009 (UTC)

RFC on autoconfirmed status required to create an article
''Moved to Wikipedia talk:User access levels/RFC on autoconfirmed status required to create an article, on request. Reason: Section is getting too big. davidwr/ (talk)/(contribs)/(e-mail)  23:41, 27 December 2009 (UTC)''

User Rights Table
I have made a table showing who can give/revoke certain rights.

I thought it could be included in this article so people know who can grant them a particular right, if you agree with me feel free to add it. Thanks <span style="font-variant:small-caps; color: #DAA520	">Paul 23 87  16:50, 17 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Seems like overkill to be honest, it would be much easier to simply having a passage saying admins can do x, crats can do x and y and stewards can do x, y and z. I suppose if you really want a table then you should take out everyone who can't do anything at all, a huge block of red is pointless-- Jac 16888 Talk 21:13, 20 January 2010 (UTC)
 * I tend to agree, it would be easier to convey this information with words, considering that three quarters of the table is just "denied." Beeblebrox (talk) 21:18, 20 January 2010 (UTC)
 * I have improved the above table and it can be seen below:

Feel free to comment on it and if you like it feel free to add it to the main article. <span style="font-variant:small-caps; color: #DAA520	">Paul 23 87  13:42, 21 January 2010 (UTC)
 * What is 'confirmed bot'? Ruslik_ Zero 14:08, 21 January 2010 (UTC)
 * A bot which has a more perfect bond with God. Or, it might be that you missed the line between Confirmed and Bot-- Jac 16888 Talk 15:10, 22 January 2010 (UTC)
 * On a friend's wiki, she found that if you made a non-admin a 'crat, they didn't inherit the admin properties - they couldn't block users, delete pages or protect pages. I don't know what version of MediaWiki they are using, but are you sure that enwiki 'crats would have the admin rights as well? I know no one's ever been a 'crat without being an admin, but I was just curious. --  Phantom Steve / talk &#124; contribs \ 07:43, 2 April 2010 (UTC)
 * I have done some tests on my own wiki I set up today and crats alone (without admin bit) can't delete pages or block users, however if the rights are changed in the LocalSettings.php then Crats can be given those rights, could someone do a experiment(test) on wikipedia and report back here - maybe someone could create a test account and only add crat rights. Please Leave your reports in the relevent sections below. <span style="font-variant:small-caps; color: #DAA520	">Paul 23 87  10:57, 2 April 2010 (UTC)

Beautified and updated for File Mover
Behold:

By the way, why do we list Jimmy/Founder here when he can do everything? We should remove that, as in all honesty, it adds just as little as including the Anonymous users section, which can do none of these things, and was also cut.  S ven M anguard  Wha?  01:01, 16 April 2011 (UTC)

We should raise the level of auto confirmation
accounts that are more than four days old and have made at least 10 edits are considered autoconfirmed

This is shouting out to be increased, it should better be at least two weeks and at least 200 edits as it is right now it is very easy to create new accounts and be disruptive daily at the same article, I can't see a benefit in having this so low, at this level semi protection is worthless. A good faith account with a 100 edits will easily say hey, can you make this edit for me, what will we lose by raising this level to a point to deter trolls and vandals? Off2riorob (talk) 00:47, 10 February 2010 (UTC)
 * This isn't exactly the same proposal, but a review of this rfc will show what you are up against here. It would only stop them from vandalizing semi-protected articles anyway. Beeblebrox (talk) 02:01, 10 February 2010 (UTC)
 * That was my objective from the change, I will have a read of the link, thanks.. as far as BLP articles and the flagged revision goes, if we semi protected all BLP articles and raised the auto confirmed level, many of the disruptive editors would simply go away. Off2riorob (talk) 02:07, 10 February 2010 (UTC)

Why not grant autoconfirmed status 4 days after the 10th edit, rather than granting for users who have made 10 edits and been here 4 days since the 1st edit? Under the current system, someone (e.g. a spambot operator) can make 1 harmless edit, then wait 4 days, make 9 bad edits in quick succession, and then become autoconfirmed. Tisane (talk) 11:03, 1 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Actually the 4 days are counted since the date of registration, not of first edit. Cenarium (talk) 23:49, 3 April 2010 (UTC)

The threshold definitively needs to be raised, as 10 edits are not enough to stop highly motivated vandals like Serafin who has created hundreds of autoconfirmed socks. The other option would be an additional user status between autoconfirmed and sysop. -- Matthead Discuß   16:37, 3 April 2010 (UTC)
 * We'll have the usergroup of reviewers with WP:FPPR which does include an intermediary protection level (to handle cases like Seraffin, persistent targeted disruption). Patrolled revisions will give us a much better monitoring capability as well. So the autoconfirmed threshold would not need to be raised. Cenarium (talk) 23:49, 3 April 2010 (UTC)

Do IPs still have the way to request a change on a page except via the discussion page?
Well, I can't remember where it was but I encountered the rare case of a discussion (talk) page blocked for anonymous edits!! That means I cannot even request changes (grammar in this case) anymore. However, WP had a page where we could request these changes, I just cannot remember it anymore. Can anyone please help me out? -andy 85.179.125.6 (talk) 07:09, 13 February 2010 (UTC)
 * Try the protecting admin's talk page, then WP:RFPP. -- zzuuzz (talk) 12:49, 13 February 2010 (UTC)
 * You could also file a request at requests for page protection, which has a section for requesting edits to protected pages.By the way, the other two discussions you just posted in are extremely stale, and it's unlikely you'll receive any reply, in fact this edit was the first edit to that talk page in nearly five years, and the page it is a talk page of is marked as "historical and inactive." Beeblebrox (talk) 16:45, 13 February 2010 (UTC)

Researcher?
What is the researcher user group (see here)? Thanks, -- Black Falcon (talk) 05:02, 22 April 2010 (UTC)
 * See Special:ListGroupRights. They can see deleted histories, but not deleted text, for research purposes.  Log  Happy ‑ melon  08:51, 22 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Ah, I see. Thank you, -- Black Falcon (talk) 17:09, 22 April 2010 (UTC)

Obtaining Research Rights
Hello. I understand the "researcher" permission is a relatively new one. How does one go about obtaining/requesting this right? It is not yet documented on the traditional "request-for-permissions" page. My user-page should contain the pointers sufficient to demonstrate I do Wikipedia research. Thanks, West.andrew.g (talk) 02:36, 4 June 2010 (UTC)

Proposal to rename Autoreviewer to Autopatroller
Proposed here. Cenarium (talk) 16:28, 12 June 2010 (UTC)

Nano-x API
Nano-X Based on the original mini-X tutorial by David I. Bell 2000/10/3 Revision 1.0

This is a simple tutorial on using the Nano-X graphics system. Much of this is a lot easier to understand if you are familiar to X. I am not going to try to explain every concept in detail here, nor how to put it all together to make really fancy programs. Instead, I am only going to tell you just enough to let you make some simple graphics programs which work. Experience with simple test programs will enable you to build much fancier graphics programs much easier than trying to decipher what I could tell you.

I am assuming that you basically know what a screen, pixels, colors, keyboards, mice, buttons, and windows are. However, you probably don't know exactly what the properties of windows in this system are. Also, you might not know two other concepts which are important here, which are graphics contexts and events. So these things will be explained in this tutorial.

WINDOWS Windows are rectangular areas which can be drawn into. Windows have a position, specified by the x and y coordinates of their upper left corners, and also a size, specified by their width and height. Windows are arranged in a tree structure, with the parent windows controlling the child windows. The top of the tree is known as the root window. The root window is always present, and represents the total screen area.

Each child window is clipped by its parent window. This means that a window can be very large, but the only part of the window that can ever be seen is the part which shows through its parent window. This applies recursively, so that all of the parents of a window limit its visibility. The position of a window is specified relative to its parent, and not absolutely. This means that for example, when a window is moved, then all of its children will move with it. The position of a window can be negative.

Windows which have the same parent can clip each other. That is, there is a defined order among the children of a window as to which is more important. If two sibling windows overlap, then the more important window will be visible in preference to the less important window. The precedence of visibility of siblings can be dynamically adjusted. Clipping can also occur on a window by earlier siblings of any of the window's parents.

Windows can be mapped or unmapped. Unmapped windows are not visible, and cause no events. They can be thought of as "in storage" or off screen. When a window is mapped, then it can become visible on the screen. Children of an unmapped window are implicitly also unmapped. So a window is not visible until it and all of its parents are mapped. A newly created window starts off unmapped.

Windows have a background color. A newly mapped window is filled with its background color. Clearing the window later, or having obscured portions of the window become visible again, will fill the region with the background. The client program can then draw into the window to make it look correct.

Windows may have a border. A border is a set of rectangles adjacent to the four sides of the window which is drawn in a specified color, with a specified width. This makes pretty lines around the window, for example. The border cannot be drawn in by the program. Borders are optional, so that a window with a border width of zero has no border at all. Borders are "around" the window, so that they do not affect the coordinates of the window. Whether or not a window has borders, its position determines the location of the upper left corner which can be drawn into.

Windows can have a cursor associated with them. The graphics server tracks the location of the mouse, and maintains the position of a graphics cursor on the screen. This cursor can automatically change its shape and colors as it moves between different windows. The use of different cursors for different windows can be used to provide a powerful clue to the user as to what will happen if a mouse button is pressed in a window. Newly created windows inherit the same cursor as their parent.

There are two types of windows, input-output and input-only windows. Input-output windows are normal windows which are visible and can be drawn into. Input-only windows are invisible, have no border, and cannot be drawn into. Their purpose is to catch events, and to enable the cursor to be changed in different regions of a visible window. The only children of input-only windows are also input-only windows. Windows are identified by integers called window ids. The root window has a constant window id value of GR_ROOT_WINDOW_ID.

The root window does not need creating, and cannot be unmapped, moved, resized, or destroyed. However, it can be drawn into and events can be delivered to it. New windows can be created from existing windows. Their window ids are not constants, but once created the window id remains until the window is destroyed. Window ids are not reused as windows are created and destroyed.

GRAPHICS CONTEXTS When drawing objects such as lines, there are many parameters that can be specified for the function call that affect the operation. Besides the minimum information needed for the function such as the endpoint coordinates, there are extra parameters that are less important and less variable. Examples of these extra parameters are color, width (thin or thick), style (dashed, dotted), and drawing operation (setting, XOR'ing). Instead of requiring the specifying of each of these extra parameters for every function call, graphics contexts are used. Graphics contexts are just a collection of specific combinations of these extra parameters. The many possible extra parameters to each function are replaced by just one extra parameter, which is the graphics context.

For example, instead of a function call like: drawline(window, x1, y1, x2, y2, color, width, style, operation); you have instead drawline(window, gc, x1, y1, x2, y2), where the graphics context contains within itself the parameters color, width, style, and operation.

Graphics contexts are stored in the graphics server, and are identified by unique numbers in a way similar to window ids. Your program must allocate graphic contexts, which then can be used in drawing functions. A newly allocated graphics context is supplied with default parameters, such as a foreground color of white, drawing operation of setting, and width of 0. You can modify the parameters associated with the graphics context one by one, by for example, setting the foreground color to black.

A single graphics context could be used for every drawing operation by constantly setting the parameters associated with it to the values needed for each drawing call. But this is inefficient. The reason that multiple graphics contexts can be allocated is so that you can minimize the setting of their parameters. By presetting the parameters of several graphics contexts to commonly used values in your program, you can avoid changing them later. For example, you can call one graphics context white_gc, and another graphics context black_gc, and then use the correct graphics context in the drawing functions to draw in either black or white.

The parameters contained within a graphics context are currently the following: Drawing mode. Specifies the operation performed when drawing each pixel. One of: GR_MODE_SET    draw pixels as given (default) GR_MODE_XOR    draw pixels using XOR GR_MODE_OR     draw pixels using OR        GR_MODE_AND     draw pixels using AND Text font. A small integer identifying the font for drawing text. The first few are built-in to the device driver, others must be loaded by the graphics server. The default font is 0.

Foreground color. The color that is used to draw almost all objects with, such as lines, points, ellipses, text, bitmaps, and filled areas. Default is white.

Background color. The color used for some functions in addition to the foreground color. For bitmaps and text, this is the color used for the zero bits. The default background color is black. The drawing of this color can be disabled by the next parameter.

UseBackground flag. This is a boolean value which indicates whether or not the background color is actually to be drawn for bitmaps, text, and the GrArea8 function. The default is GR_TRUE.

EVENTS Events are the way in which the graphics system notifies your program of asychronous changes in the state of the screen, mouse, or keyboard. Whenever the state changes, your program is notified of this change and can act on it. The word "event" is used both for the actual change that took place, and also for the data that is returned to your program which describes the change.

Events are generated for various different types of changes that may be useful for your program to know. Events directly related to the hardware are the keyboard and mouse events. Keyboard events are generated for each key which is pressed (and released, if possible). The event contains the character which caused the event. Mouse events are generated when a button on the mouse is pressed or released, or when the mouse position moves. The event contains the buttons which are pressed, and the current position of the mouse. Other events are more subtle, and are based on non-physical changes, such as having the mouse move into or out of specific windows.

Events are generally tied to individual windows. Your program can enable or disable which kinds of events it wants for each window. Part of the data associated with an event is the window associated with the event. For example, if a key is pressed on the keyboard, the event for that key will indicate which window that key is for. You program can then act differently for different windows. Events which you have not indicated an interest in are simply discarded. The keyboard and mouse events can propagate upwards through the window tree and be delivered to some parent window. This occurs if the window does not select for the event, but one of the parent windows does. Part of the information returned about these events is the window that accepted the event, and also the original window which caused the event. Therefore, your program can determine which child window an event was for without having to select for the event for each child. Events other than keyboard and mouse events never propagate.

The window that keyboard events are delivered to depends on the current mouse position or on the "input focus". The input focus is a way of specifying that keyboard events are to be delivered to a particular window, no matter where the mouse is currently pointing. Your program can change the input focus as desired. If the input focus is set to the root window, then the keyboard events will be delivered to the window which contains the mouse pointer (or one of its parents). Events are returned to your program as a structure containing the information about the event. This information is the event type, the window id which the event is associated with, and other event-specific data. Events are stored in a queue, and are delivered to your program one by one as requested. The order of the events is preserved. Your program can either simply ask for the next available event (waiting for one if none are yet available), or it can check to see if an event is available without waiting. The delivering of events only occurs when you request an event. So even though events themselves are asychronous, the reading of them is synchronous. There are no "interrupts" for events, you must explicitly ask for them.

The important thing about programming with events is that your program should be written to run "upside-down". That is, you do not have a main routine which checks that the mouse has been moved, or the keyboard has been typed on, or which window the mouse is in. Instead, your main routine just waits for an event, and then dispatches on its type and which window it is for. Generally, you must keep some state information to remember what is happening in your program. For example, if the user wants to click the button in a window to indicate where some text should be inserted, then your program cannot simply detect the mouse click, and then wait for the text to be typed. Instead, when the mouse is clicked, it should just remember the position of the mouse and set a flag to indicate that text typing is allowed, When the keyboard event arrives, this saved information then enables you to draw the text at the correct location. Your program basically becomes one large state machine.

One obscure event is the exposure event. This is sent to your program when a window requires redrawing. Due to lack of memory space, the graphics server does not attempt to save the data from the parts of windows which are covered by other windows. Therefore, when the obscured parts of the window are uncovered, your program must be told to redraw those parts. The exposure event contains a rectangular area which requires drawing (which may in fact be larger than the area which was actually uncovered). Your program can either just redraw that area, or if more convenient, redraw the whole window. The area to be redrawn has already been cleared to the window's background color. When a window is mapped, an exposure event is sent for the window. Therefore, you should not explicitly draw into a window when it is first created and mapped, but should instead just wait for the exposure event, and then draw it. In this way, the code to draw the window only resides in one place in your program, and you prevent redundant drawing of the window.

If you are drawing the complete window on all exposure events, then it might be useful to use GrPeekEvent to examine the next event too. If it is also an exposure event for the same window, then you can read it by using GrGetNextEvent, and thereby prevent redundant redrawing. Of course, to be able to redraw the window, you may need to save extra data in order to regenerate the drawing commands. (Pixmaps are one way of doing this in the future, but they are not currently implemented.)

The following is a description of the various types of events which are available, and (in parenthesis) the typedef name for the structure that returns the event. Each event has a type field, which can be used to distinguish between the various events. For details on the other data within the structures, refer to graphics.h. The typedef GR_EVENT is a union which contains all of the possible event structures.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_NONE     (GR_EVENT) This indicates that no event has occurred. GR_EVENT_TYPE_EXPOSURE (GR_EVENT_EXPOSURE) This is generated when a window needs redrawing because it is either newly mapped, or has been uncovered by another window. This returns the window id, and the x, y, width, and height of the area within the window which needs redrawing.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_BUTTON_DOWN      (GR_EVENT_BUTTON) This is generated when a button is pressed down on the mouse. This returns the window id which generated the event, the window id which actually contains the mouse, the current position of the mouse, the buttons which are currently down on the mouse, the buttons which were just pressed down, and the current modifier flags.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_BUTTON_UP        (GR_EVENT_BUTTON) This is generated when a button is released on the mouse. This returns data similarly to button down.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_MOUSE_ENTER      (GR_EVENT_GENERAL) This is generated when the mouse enters a window. This returns the window id which generated the event.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_MOUSE_EXIT       (GR_EVENT_GENERAL) This is generated when the mouse leaves a window. This returns the window id which generated the event.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_MOUSE_MOTION     (GR_EVENT_MOUSE) Mouse motion is generated for every motion of the mouse, and is used to track the entire history of the mouse. Mouse motion generates many events and causes lots of overhead. This returns data similarly to mouse enter.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_MOUSE_POSITION   (GR_EVENT_MOUSE) Mouse position ignores the history of the motion, and only reports the latest position of the mouse by only queuing the latest such event for any single client (good for rubber-banding). This returns data similarly to mouse enter.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_KEY_DOWN         (GR_EVENT_KEYSTROKE) This indicates that a key has been pressed on the keyboard. This returns the window id which generated the event, the window id which actually contains the pointer (if the pointer is outside of the event window, this will be the event window), the current position of the mouse, the current buttons on the mouse which are down, the current modifier flags, and the character which was typed.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_KEY_UP           (GR_EVENT_KEYSTROKE) This indicates that a key has been released on the keyboard. This event is not necessarily available, and should not be depended on.This returns data similarly to key down.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_FOCUS_IN         (GR_EVENT_GENERAL) This indicates that the input focus has just changed to this window. This returns the window id which got focus.

GR_EVENT_TYPE_FOCUS_OUT        (GR_EVENT_GENERAL) This indicates that the input focus has just left this window. This returns the window id which lost focus.

To select for events, you use GrSelectEvents, and specify the window which wants to receive the events, and also specify a mask indicating the events you wish to receive. The mask is the logical OR of individual bit values representing the event types. The mask names are the same as the event names, except that the "_TYPE_" string is replaced by "_MASK_". For example, the mask associated with the event GR_EVENT_TYPE_FOCUS_IN is

GR_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_IN. If you select for both button down and button up events, then the mouse will be implicitly "grabbed" when any button is pressed down in that window. This means that the mouse position and button down and up events will be delivered only to that window, and the cursor shape won't change, even if the mouse leaves that window. The implicit grabbing ends after the last button is released. While this grabbing occurs, the input focus is also not changed as the mouse is moved. MODIFIER AND MOUSE BUTTONS Modifiers are the status of special keyboard shift-like keys. The state of these keys can be read as up or down, and don't generate any characters by themselves. These keys are for things like SHIFT, CTRL, and ALT. They are returned as bit values OR'd together in various events. Not all of these modifiers may be implemented. The GrGetScreenInfo function returns the modifiers that are implemented. The following modifiers are defined: GR_MODIFIER_SHIFT      shift key is down GR_MODIFIER_CTRL       ctrl key is down GR_MODIFIER_META       meta (or ALT) key is down GR_MODIFIER_ANY        any of the modifiers is down The mouse button state are returned as bit values OR'd together in various events. Not all of these buttons may be implemented. The GrGetScreenInfo function returns the buttons that are implemented. The following mouse buttons are defined: GR_BUTTON_1            button 1 is down (left) GR_BUTTON_2            button 2 is down (middle) GR_BUTTON_3            button 3 is down (right) GR_BUTTON_ANY          any of the buttons is down BITMAPS Bitmaps are defined as an array of GR_BITMAP values, which are unsigned shorts. Each word is 16 bits, which specify foreground and background values, with 1 being foreground and 0 being background. Higher order bits in the word represent pixels to the left of the lower order bits. Bitmaps have a width and a height, measured in pixels. The width does not need to be a multiple of 16. In this case, remaining bits in the last word of a row are unused, so that each row starts with a new bitmap word. The GR_BITMAP_SIZE macro can be used to allocate the proper number of bitmap words for a bitmap, as in:

GR_BITMAP_SIZE(width, height). The symbol GR_MAX_BITMAP_SIZE is the number of bitmap words required for the maximum sized cursor. ERROR CODES Calls to the graphics libraries may produce errors. Most errors that occur are due to specifying a window or graphics context which does not exist, or attempting an operation which is illegal. Many things are allowed even if pointless, such as drawing outside of the window boundaries, or while a window is not mapped. The things which return errors are those which definitely indicate a program bug, attempts to exceed the system limits, or a fatal device error.

In order to be as efficient as possible, error codes are not returned by individual function calls. Instead, if a function fails, an error event is generated which will eventually be noticed by the program at a possibly much later time. This allows many drawing requests to be sent at one time without having to worry about the status of each one. Error events are detected when the program checks for events, such as by calling GrGetNextEvent. At this point, if an error had occurred, a special error handler routine is called to notice the error. If the program had not set up its own error handler, a default one is called which will disconnect from the server, print out an indication of the error, and exit the program.

The following is a list of the possible errors: GR_ERROR_BAD_WINDOW_ID         the specified window id is unknown GR_ERROR_BAD_GC_ID             the specified graphics context id is unknown GR_ERROR_BAD_CURSOR_SIZE       the specified cursor is too large GR_ERROR_MALLOC_FAILED         no more memory is available in the server GR_ERROR_BAD_WINDOW_SIZE       the specified window size is illegal GR_ERROR_KEYBOARD_ERROR        an error occurred reading from the keyboard GR_ERROR_MOUSE_ERROR           an error occurred reading from the mouse GR_ERROR_INPUT_ONLY_WINDOW     drawing was attempted in an input-only window GR_ERROR_ILLEGAL_ON_ROOT_WINDOW an illegal operation was attempted on the root GR_ERROR_TOO_MUCH_CLIPPING     complexity of windows exceeded clipping limits GR_ERROR_SCREEN_ERROR          an error occurred talking to the screen driver GR_ERROR_UNMAPPED_FOCUS_WINDOW attempted to set focus to an unmapped window GR_ERROR_BAD_DRAWING_MODE      illegal drawing mode specified for a GC SCREEN PROPERTIES You do not have to hard code the size of the screen or the number of colors available in your program. Instead, you can find this information out dynamically after the connection is made to the graphics server, by using the GrGetScreenInfo call. This returns the above information, and in addition returns the color values for black and white, the aspect ratio of pixels, the number of built-in fonts available, and the modifiers and buttons which are available. The aspect ratio is useful for drawing objects which need to be scaled correctly, such as circles. The aspect ratio is the quotient of xdpcm and ydpcm, which are integer values.

typedef struct { GR_SIZE		rows;          /* number of rows on screen */ GR_SIZE        	cols;           /* number of columns on screen */ GR_SIZE        	xdpcm;          /* dots/centimeter in x direction */ GR_SIZE        	ydpcm;          /* dots/centimeter in y direction */ GR_COLOR       	maxcolor;       /* maximum legal color value */ GR_COLOR       	black;          /* the color black */ GR_COLOR       	white;          /* the color white */ GR_COUNT       	fonts;          /* number of built-in fonts */ GR_BUTTON      	buttons;        /* buttons which are implemented */ GR_MODIFIER    	modifiers;      /* modifiers which are implemented */ } GR_SCREEN_INFO; INCLUDE FILE AND GRAPHICS LIBRARY To use the graphics server, your program must include "graphics.h". This should be put into /usr/include, so that your program simply has the following line at the top: #include <graphics.h> Including this file gives you all of the definitions you need to use the graphics library. These are the typedefs, function declarations, event structures, and various constants. When loading your program, you need to load the graphics server into the program by using the -lgraph option in the cc command. For example, if your program is called myprog, then you could build it using the following:

cc -o myprog myprog.c -lgraph TYPEDEFS The following is a list of the typedefs in the include file, and a short description of their purpose. Refer to their definitions in graphics.h to find out what their actual C base type is. Most are shorts, unsigned shorts, or longs.

GR_COORD       coordinate value (x, y locations, signed) GR_SIZE        size value (widths, heights, signed) GR_COUNT       number of items (signed) GR_COLOR       full color value (32 bit value for full generality) GR_COLOR8      eight bit color value (8 bit value for efficient storage) GR_BITMAP      bitmap unit (single words of 16 bits for bitmaps) GR_MODE        drawing mode (setting, xoring, anding, oring) GR_CHAR        text character (normal chars) GR_ID          resource ids (window, graphics context, pixmap) GR_DRAW_ID     drawable id (window, pixmap) GR_WINDOW_ID   window id (identifies individual window) GR_PIXMAP_ID   pixmap id (identifies individual pixmaps, not yet used) GR_GC_ID       graphics context id (identifies indiviual graphics contexts) GR_FONT        font number (identifies individual fonts, first few built-in) GR_BOOL        boolean value (GR_TRUE or GR_FALSE) GR_FUNC        function codes (not for clients to use) GR_ERROR       error value (reasons for graphics calls to fail) GR_EVENT_TYPE  event types (identifies the type of event) GR_BUTTON      button flags (which mouse buttons are depressed) GR_MODIFIER    modifier flags (CTRL, SHIFT, etc) GR_EVENT_MASK  event masks (mask values corresponding to event types) GR_FUNC_NAME   function name (for error reporting) GR_ERROR_FUNC  error function (for defining error handlers) The following typedefs may be useful to your program. None of the library functions (currently) accept any of these structures as arguments, except for the GrPoly and GrFillPoly routines, which use GR_POINT.

typedef struct { GR_COORD       x;              /* x coordinate */ GR_COORD       y;              /* y coordinate */ } GR_POINT; typedef struct { GR_COORD       x1;             /* x coordinate of first point */ GR_COORD       y1;             /* y coordinate of first point */ GR_COORD       x2;             /* x coordinate of second point */ GR_COORD       y2;             /* y coordinate of second point */ } GR_LINE; typedef struct { GR_COORD       x;              /* x coordinate of center */ GR_COORD       y;              /* y coordinate of center */ GR_SIZE        rx;             /* radius in x direction */ GR_SIZE        ry;             /* radius in y direction */ } GR_ELLIPSE; typedef struct { GR_COORD       x;              /* x coordinate of top left corner */ GR_COORD       y;              /* y coordinate of top left corner */ GR_SIZE        width;          /* width of rectangle */ GR_SIZE        height;         /* height of rectangle */ } GR_RECT; LIMITS The coordinate system is limited to integers in the range GR_COORD_MIN to GR_COORD_MAX. This is -32768 to 32767, and fits in a short. The maximum size of a cursor definition is GR_MAX_CURSOR_SIZE, which is 16 pixels by 16 pixels. The complexity of overlapping windows is limited to GR_MAX_CLIPRECTS regions, which is 200. Each window which overlaps another requires another 1 to 4 regions depending on its position and size. GRAPHICS CALLS int GrOpen Open a connection to the graphics server. This must be the first graphics function used by your program. Currently, this sets the screen into graphics mode. Returns zero if successful, -1 on failure.

void GrClose Close the connection to the graphics server, first flushing any graphics calls that have been buffered. Currently, this sets the screen back into text mode. This (currently) should be called before your program exits, otherwise the screen will be left in graphics mode. If this occurs, you can run the 'tm' program to reset the terminal to text mode.

GR_ERROR_FUNC GrSetErrorHandler(func) GR_ERROR_FUNC  func;           /* function to handle errors */

Set an error handling routine, which will be called on any errors from the server (when events are asked for by the client). If zero is given, then a default routine will be used which will describe the error and exit. Returns the previous error handler (0 if none). When an error occurs, the error handling function is called with the following parameters: GR_ERROR, GR_FUNC_NAME, and GR_ID. These are the error code, the name of the function which failed, and a resource id (0 if not meaningful). The error routine can return if desired, but without corrective action new errors will probably occur soon.

void GrGetScreenInfo(sip) GR_SCREEN_INFO *sip;           /* location to return info into */ Return useful information about the screen. This information returned has been documented above.

void GrGetFontInfo(font, fip) GR_FONT        	font;           /* font number */ GR_FONT_INFO   *fip;           /* address of font info */ Return useful information about the specified font number. This information is the font number, the height of the font, the maximum width of any character in the font, the height of the baseline, a flag indicating whether or not the font is fixed-width, and a table of the individual widths of each character in the font. If the font is unknown, the returned font number is set to zero and the remainder of the information is undefined. Refer to graphics.h for a definition of the fields of GR_FONT_INFO.

void GrGetGCInfo(gc, gcip) GR_GC_ID       gc;             /* graphics context */ GR_GC_INFO     *gcip;          /* address of graphics context info */ Return useful information about the specified graphics context. This information is the graphics context id, the current font, the foreground and background colors, and so on. If the graphics context is unknown, the returned id is 0, and the other information is undefined. Refer to graphics.h for a definition of the fields of GR_GC_INFO.

voidGrGetGCTextSize(gc, cp, len, retwidth, retheight, retbase) GR_GC_ID       gc;             /* graphics context containing font */ GR_CHAR        *cp;            /* address of text string */ GR_SIZE        len;            /* length of text string */ GR_SIZE        *retwidth;      /* returned width of string */ GR_SIZE        *retheight;     /* returned height of string */ GR_SIZE        *retbase;       /* returned height of baseline */ Return the size of a text string for the font in a graphics context. This is the width of the string, the height of the string, and the height above the bottom of the font of the baseline for the font. The returned sizes are in pixels.

void GrGetNextEvent(ep) GR_EVENT       *ep;            /* address where event is returned */ Return the next event from the event queue, waiting for it if necessary. If a graphics error had occurred, the error handler will be called at this point. This routine first flushes any buffered graphics commands. The GR_EVENT is a union of all the possible events. The type field of the union indicates which of the possible events took place, and then the correct element of the union can be used to access that particular event type's data.

void GrCheckNextEvent(ep) GR_EVENT       *ep;            /* address where event is returned */ Return the next event from the event queue if one is ready. If one is not ready, then the event type GR_EVENT_TYPE_NONE is returned. Therefore, this routine never blocks. This routine first flushes any buffered graphics commands.

void GrPeekEvent(ep) GR_EVENT       *ep;            /* address where event is returned */ Return the next event from the event queue if one is ready, without removing it from the queue. If one is not ready, then the type GR_EVENT_TYPE_NONE is returned. This routine never blocks. This routine first flushes any buffered graphics commands.

void GrSelectEvents(wid, eventmask) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window id */ GR_EVENT_MASK  eventmask;      /* mask of events wanted */ Select events for a window for this client. The events are a bitmask specifying the events desired for this window. This totally replaces any previously selected event mask for the window.

GR_WINDOW_ID GrNewWindow(parent, x, y, width, height, bordersize, background, bordercolor) GR_WINDOW_ID   parent;         /* parent id */ GR_COORD       x;              /* x position relative to parent */ GR_COORD       y;              /* y position relative to parent */ GR_SIZE        width;          /* width */ GR_SIZE        height;         /* height */ GR_SIZE        bordersize;     /* size of border */ GR_COLOR       background;     /* background color */ GR_COLOR       bordercolor;    /* border color */

Allocate a new input-output window which is a child of the specified window. A new top-level window is made by specifying a parent of GR_ROOT_WINDOW_ID. The x and y position is the upper left corner of the window, relative to the parent's upper left corner. These corners are only for the drawable area of the windows, so that the border does not affect the position. An input-output window cannot be made as a child of an input-only window. The new window starts off unmapped, and must be mapped before it can be seen. The new window inherits the cursor of the parent window, and initially is set to select no events. This routine returns the window id of the window which can be used in other calls.

GR_WINDOW_ID GrNewInputWindow(parent, x, y, width, height) GR_WINDOW_ID   parent;         /* parent id */ GR_COORD       x;              /* x position relative to parent */ GR_COORD       y;              /* y position relative to parent */ GR_SIZE        width;          /* width */ GR_SIZE        height;         /* height */ Allocate a new input-only window which is a child of the specified window. An input-only window is invisible, and cannot be drawn into. It's only purposes are that it can select events, and can have it's own cursor. The new window starts off unmapped, and must be mapped before it is effective. The new window inherits the cursor of the parent window, and initially is set to select no events. This routine returns the window id of the window which can be used in other calls.

void GrDestroyWindow(wid) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window to destroy */ This unmaps and then destroys the specified window, and all of its children. The root window cannot be destroyed. After destroying a window, you must be careful about handling events which refer to the dead window, but which have not been read yet.

void GrGetWindowInfo(wid, wip) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window id to find out about */ GR_WINDOW_INFO *wip;           /* location to return info into */ Return useful information about the specified window. Refer to the graphics.h include file for the definition of GR_WINDOW_INFO to see what data is returned. If the window id is not valid, an error is NOT generated. Instead, the wid value in the returned structure is set to zero, and the other fields are not defined.

GR_GC_ID GrNewGC Allocate a new graphics context with default parameters. These defaults are: background of black, foreground of white, font as font 0, and drawing mode as setting. This routine returns the id for the graphics context which can be used in other calls.

GR_GC_ID GrCopyGC(gc) GR_GC_ID       gc;             /* graphics context to copy */ Allocate a new graphics context which is a copy of another one. The new graphics context has the same parameter values as the old one, but is then independent. This routine returns the id for the graphics context which can be used in other calls.

void GrDestroyGC(gc) GR_GC_ID       gc;             /* graphics context to destroy */ Destroy an existing graphics context. void GrMapWindow(wid) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window to be mapped */ Map the window to make it (and possibly its children) visible on the screen. This paints the border and background of the window, and creates an exposure event to tell the client to draw into it.

void GrUnmapWindow(wid) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window to be unmapped */ Unmap the window to make it and its children invisible on the screen. void GrRaiseWindow(wid) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window to be raised */ Raise the window to the highest level among its siblings. This means that this window will be visible in preference to those siblings. Siblings are windows which have the same parent as this window.

void GrLowerWindow(wid) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window to be lowered */ Lower the window to the lowest level among its siblings. This means that this window will be covered by any siblings which overlap it.

void GrMoveWindow(wid, x, y)       GR_WINDOW_ID    wid;            /* window to be lowered */ GR_COORD       x;              /* new relative x position */ GR_COORD       y;              /* new relative y position */ Move the window to the specified position relative to its parent. void GrResizeWindow(wid, width, height) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window to be lowered */ GR_SIZE        width;          /* new width of window */ GR_SIZE        height;         /* new height of window */ Resize the window to be the specified size. Resizing of a window can generate exposure events.

void GrClearWindow(wid, exposeflag) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window id */ GR_BOOL        exposeflag;     /* nonzero to cause an exposure */ Clear the specified window by setting it to its background color. If the exposeflag is nonzero, then this also creates an exposure event for the window.

void GrSetFocus(wid) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window id */ Set the focus to a particular window. This makes keyboard events only visible to that window or children of it, depending on the pointer location. Setting the focus window to the root window makes the input focus track the pointer (which is the default).

void GrSetBorderColor(wid, color) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window id */ GR_COLOR       color;          /* color for border */ Set the border of a window to the specified color. void GrSetCursor(wid, width, height, hotx, hoty, foreground, background,       fgbitmap, bgbitmap) GR_WINDOW_ID   wid;            /* window id to set cursor for */ GR_SIZE        width;          /* width of cursor */ GR_SIZE        height;         /* height of cursor */ GR_COORD       hotx;           /* relative x position of hot spot */ GR_COORD       hoty;           /* relative y position of hot spot */ GR_COLOR       foreground;     /* foreground color of cursor */ GR_COLOR       background;     /* background color of cursor */ GR_BITMAP      *fgbitmap;      /* foreground bitmap */ GR_BITMAP      *bgbitmap;      /* background bitmap */ Specify a new cursor for a window. This cursor will only be used within that window, and by default for its new children. The cursor is defined by giving its width and height, its foreground and background colors, its foreground and background bitmaps, and its "hot spot" position. If a pixel is specified for both the foreground and background bitmaps, then the foreground has precedence. The hot spot is an offset from the upper left corner of the bitmap, and is the location in the cursor which is important.

void GrMoveCursor(x, y)       GR_COORD        x;              /* new x position of cursor */ GR_COORD       y;              /* new y position of cursor */ Move the cursor to the specified absolute screen coordinates. The coordinates are that of the defined hot spot of the cursor. The cursor's appearance is changed to that defined for the window in which the cursor is moved to.

void GrFlush Flush the graphics buffer so that all previous requests will be executed. This is only needed if you do not check events quickly and want to see the results on the screen soon, since checking for events does an automatic flush.

void GrSetGCForeground(gc, foreground) GR_GC_ID       gc;             /* graphics context id */ GR_COLOR       foreground;     /* foreground color */ Set the foreground color in a graphics context. The default is white. void GrSetGCBackground(gc, background) GR_GC_ID       gc;             /* graphics context id */ GR_COLOR       background;     /* background color */ Set the background color in a graphics context. The default is black. void GrSetGCUseBackground(gc, flag) GR_GC_ID       gc;             /* graphics context id */ GR_BOOL        flag;           /* TRUE if background is drawn */ Set whether or not the background color is drawn in bitmaps and text. This affects GrBitmap, GrArea8, and GrText. The default is GR_TRUE.

void GrSetGCMode(gc, mode) GR_GC_ID       gc;             /* graphics context id */ GR_MODE        mode;           /* drawing mode */ Set the drawing mode in a graphics context. The drawing mode is one of GR_MODE_SET, GR_MODE_XOR, GR_MODE_AND, or GR_MODE_OR. The default is GR_MODE_SET.

void GrSetGCFont(gc, font) GR_GC_ID       gc;             /* graphics context id */ GR_FONT        font;           /* text font */ Set the font used for text drawing in a graphics context. The font is a number identifying one of several fonts. Font number 0 is always available, and is the default font. void GrLine(id, gc, x1, y1, x2, y2) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COORD       x1; GR_COORD       y1; GR_COORD       x2; GR_COORD       y2; Draw a line in the specified drawable using the specified graphics context. void GrRect(id, gc, x, y, width, height) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COORD       x;        GR_COORD        y;        GR_SIZE         width; GR_SIZE        height; Draw the boundary of a rectangle in the specified drawable using the specified graphics context.

void GrFillRect(id, gc, x, y, width, height) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COORD       x;        GR_COORD        y;        GR_SIZE         width; GR_SIZE        height; Fill a rectangle in the specified drawable using the specified graphics context. The boundary of this rectangle is identical to that drawn by the GrRect function.

void GrEllipse(id, gc, x, y, rx, ry) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COORD       x;        GR_COORD        y;        GR_SIZE         rx; GR_SIZE        ry; Draw the boundary of an ellipse in the specified drawable with the specified graphics context.

void GrFillEllipse(id, gc, x, y, rx, ry) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COORD       x;        GR_COORD        y;        GR_SIZE         rx; GR_SIZE        ry; Fill an ellipse in the specified drawable using the specified graphics context.

void GrBitmap(id, gc, x, y, width, height, bitmaptable) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COORD       x;        GR_COORD        y;        GR_SIZE         width; GR_SIZE        height; GR_BITMAP      *bitmaptable; Draw a rectangular area in the specified drawable using the specified graphics context, as determined by the specified bit map. This differs from rectangle drawing in that the rectangle is drawn using the foreground color and possibly the background color as determined by the bit map. Bits which are 1 are the foreground, and bits which are 0 are the background. Each row of bits is aligned to the next bitmap word boundary (so there can be padding at the end of each row). The background bit values are only written if the usebackground flag is set in the GC.

void GrArea8(id, gc, x, y, width, height, colortable) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COORD       x;        GR_COORD        y;        GR_SIZE         width; GR_SIZE        height; GR_COLOR8      *colortable; Draw a rectangular area in the specified drawable using the specified graphics context. This differs from rectangle drawing in that the color values for each pixel in the rectangle are specified. The color values are estricted to 8 bit values. The color table is indexed row by row from left to right. Table values whose color matches the background color are only written if the usebackground flag is set in the GC.

void GrReadArea8(id, x, y, width, height, colortable) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_COORD       x;        GR_COORD        y;        GR_SIZE         width; GR_SIZE        height; GR_COLOR8      *colortable; Read the color values from the specified rectangular area of the specified drawable into a supplied buffer. If the drawable is a window which is obscured by other windows, then the returned values will include the values from the covering windows. Regions outside of the screen boundaries, or from unmapped windows will return black.

void GrPoint(id, gc, x, y)       GR_DRAW_ID      id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COORD       x;        GR_COORD        y; Draw a point in the specified drawable using the specified graphics context. void GrPoly(id, gc, count, pointtable) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COUNT       count; GR_POINT       *pointtable; Draw a polygon in the specified drawable using the specified graphics context. The polygon is only complete if the first point is repeated at the end. Note: currently if the polygon crosses itself, and the drawing mode is set to XOR, then the individual line segments will affect each other. The endpoints of the lines are correct, however.

void GrFillPoly(id, gc, count, pointtable) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COUNT       count; GR_POINT       *pointtable; Draw a filled polygon in the specified drawable using the specified graphics context. The last point may be a duplicate of the first point, but this is not required. Note: currently only convex polygons are filled properly.

void GrText(id, gc, x, y, str, count) GR_DRAW_ID     id; GR_GC_ID       gc; GR_COORD       x;        GR_COORD        y;        GR_CHAR         *str; GR_COUNT       count; Draw a text string at the specified location in the specified drawable using the specified graphics context. The background of the characters are only drawn if the usebackground flag in the GC is set.

EXAMPLE PROGRAM The following simple program opens the graphics, creates a window, prints some text in it, waits for the mouse to be clicked in the window, then exits. main {       GR_WINDOW_ID    wid;            /* window id */ GR_GC_ID       gc;             /* graphics context id */ GR_EVENT       event;          /* current event */ GR_SCREEN_INFO si;             /* screen information */ if (GrOpen < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open graphics\n"); exit(1); }       GrGetScreenInfo(&si); wid = GrNewWindow(GR_ROOT_WINDOW_ID, MARGIN, MARGIN,               si.cols - MARGIN * 2, si.rows - MARGIN * 2,                1, si.black, si.white); GrSelectEvents(wid, GR_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_DOWN | GR_EVENT_MASK_EXPOSURE); GrMapWindow(wid); gc = GrNewGC; while (1) { GrGetNextEvent(&event); switch (event.type) { case GR_EVENT_TYPE_BUTTON_DOWN: if (event.button.wid != wid) break; GrClose; exit(0); case GR_EVENT_TYPE_EXPOSURE: if (event.exposure.wid == wid) GrText(wid, gc, 50, 50, "EXIT", 4); break; }       } } For a more complete demonstration program, see the file "demo.c" in the microwin/src/demos/nanox directory.
 * 1) include <stdio.h>
 * 2) include <graphics.h>
 * 3) define MARGIN 50                      /* margin around window */

Mohanavadivelu (talk) 04:31, 22 July 2010 (UTC)
 * How does this apply to the content of this page?  MBisanz  talk 04:36, 22 July 2010 (UTC)