With Fire and Sword (film)

With Fire and Sword (Ogniem i Mieczem; Вогнем і Мечем, Vohnem i Mechem) is a 1999 Polish historical drama film directed by Jerzy Hoffman. The film is based on the novel With Fire and Sword, the first part in The Trilogy of Henryk Sienkiewicz. At the time of its filming it was the most expensive Polish film ever made.

Plot
The story is set in Ukrainian lands of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland during the Khmelnytsky Uprising of the mid-17th century. A Polish noble, Skrzetuski, and a Cossack otaman Bohun, both fall in love with the same woman, Helena. Their rivalry unfolds against the backdrop of a Cossack uprising led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky, aimed at reclaiming control of the land from the hands of the Polish nobles. Historic events form a framework for an action and character driven plot, and fictional characters mingle with historic ones. The movie, as the book, culminates with the savage siege of Zbarazh.

Cast

 * Izabella Scorupco as Helena Kurcewiczówna
 * Michał Żebrowski as Jan Skrzetuski
 * Aleksandr Domogarov as Jurko Bohun
 * Krzysztof Kowalewski as Jan Onufry Zagłoba
 * Bohdan Stupka as Bohdan Khmelnytsky
 * Andrzej Seweryn as Jeremi Wiśniowiecki
 * Zbigniew Zamachowski as Michał Wołodyjowski
 * Wiktor Zborowski as Longinus Podbipięta
 * Daniel Olbrychski as Toğay bey (Tuhaj Bej)
 * Marek Kondrat as John II Casimir
 * Wojciech Malajkat as Rzędzian
 * Ewa Wiśniewska as Kurcewiczowa
 * Ruslana Pysanka as Horpyna
 * Gustaw Holoubek as Adam Kisiel
 * Andrzej Kopiczyński as Zaćwilichowski
 * Maciej Kozłowski as Maxym Kryvonis
 * Adam Ferency as İslâm III Giray
 * Gustaw Lutkiewicz as Yakiv Barabash
 * Dmytro Myrhorodsky as Koshovy otaman
 * Jerzy Bończak as Daniel Czapliński
 * Krzysztof Gosztyla as Jerzy Ossoliński
 * Szymon Kobylinski as Mikołaj Ostroróg
 * Andrzej Szczytko as Otaman

Critical reception
The movie has been criticized for introducing some factual inaccuracies not found in the source material. One of the least accurate sections of the film is Hoffman's presentation of the first battle between the Poles and the Cossacks, the Battle of Zhovti Vody. The movie suggests that the Poles were quickly routed by Cossacks and the Polish elite cavalry (husaria) showed needless bravado in the face of unfavorable weather conditions. In reality, the Poles not only were greatly outnumbered, especially after they had been deserted by all of the Cossacks, who had switched sides and joined Bohdan Khmelnytsky, but also had a young commander, Stefan Potocki, who was only 24 years old. Even so, the battle was eventually lost by the Poles but lasted for nearly three weeks.

The original book is often deemed to be nationalistic and Ukrainophobic, especially in Ukraine. The movie, on the other hand, has been praised for its depiction of Ukraine and Ukrainians as "vivid rather than monochromatic; they are multi-dimensional, eliciting more than one feeling of, say, fascination or dislike". However, some Polish reviewers felt that the movie emphasized the Cossacks' successes and positive traits but diminished those of the Poles in the spirit of political correctness.

The director was aware of the controversies and the criticism. He was quoted as saying, "Sienkiewicz's book is still considered anti-Ukrainian by some Ukrainians. I understand that problem, but when I was in Kiev at a conference of Ukrainian intellectuals... many people with whom I spoke had read the novel closely and they quoted whole passages where Sienkiewicz criticized the Polish nobles as strongly as the Cossacks. For both sides it was clear that the result of this tragic conflict was the eventual demise of both the Commonwealth and the Sich. I am well aware that the film may agitate those in Ukraine who blame everything on the Poles, and in Poland those who blame all that was bad on the Ukrainians. My film will certainly not convince any radicals.... My film finishes with the final words of Sienkiewicz's novel: 'Hatred poisoned the hearts of two brother nations'".

Political background
Although the original novel is the first part of the Trilogy, the film was the last part of Hoffman's version of the trilogy to be made, following The Deluge, which was filmed in 1974, and Colonel Wolodyjowski, which was filmed in 1969. This might have been due to political tension between Polish People's Republic and Ukrainian SSR, as filming a novel taking up a politically loaded subject of Polish-Ukrainian relations (another stalled film project was Taras Bulba by Nikolai Gogol) was deemed undesired by the Soviet Union.

Box office
The film turned out to be a box office success grossing PLN 105,089,363 ($26,366,071) against a budget of PLN 24,000,000 ($8,000,000).