Yogyakarta railway station

Yogyakarta Station (Stasiun Yogyakarta, ꦱꦼꦠꦱꦶꦪꦸꦤ꧀ꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠ), commonly known as Tugu Station (ꦱꦼꦠꦱꦶꦪꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦒꦸ; abbreviation YK, number 3020) is a railway station located in Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, in Indonesia. The altitude of this station is +113 m amsl. It is currently operated by the Operational Area VI Yogyakarta of Kereta Api Indonesia.

It is the biggest and most important station in Yogyakarta, located in the heart of the city. This station is adjacent to Jalan Malioboro. The city's other most important station is Lempuyangan railway station.

The station is designated as a cultural heritage by the Government of the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The station and its railway tracks, stretching from west to east, becomes the border of Jetis and Gedongtengen district.

The station serves the departure and arrival of all commercial classes (executive, business, and non-subsidized economy class) train from Jakarta, Bandung, and Surabaya.

History
Staatsspoorwegen (SS) built the railway line from Cilacap towards Yogyakarta as a part of developing Javanese southern line. Yogyakarta Station was opened along with the line opening on 20 July 1887. The southern platform was owned by the first company of Javanese railway system, the Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij (NIS) with 1,435 mm gauge, while the northern part was owned by Staatsspoorwegen (SS) with 1,067 mm gauge.

There are two currently abandoned tracks that branched from Yogyakarta Station, each to Bantul and Magelang. To the west of the station were two branch tracks which have all been deactivated, namely the route to Magelang–Parakan and to Palbapang, Bantul. The Magelang route was decommissioned between 1972 and 1976 due to the eruption of Mount Merapi, but traces of this route can still be seen in several places on Jalan Tentara Pelajar, Yogyakarta. The line was linked to the now Ambarawa Railway Museum and ends at Kedungjati, which has also been decommissioned. Apart from that, the Palbapang route was decommissioned in the 1973–1980s, but traces of the route can still be seen in several places, one of which is in the parking lot on the northwest side of the Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat complex.

Building and layout


Yogyakarta Station is divided into two railway yards in the north and south. It also has two gates: the main east gate facing Jalan Margo Utomo—Jalan Pangeran Mangkubumi for intercity train departures, and the south gate facing Jalan Pasar Kembang for departures and arrivals of Yogyakarta International Airport Rail Link services, local trains, KAI Commuter trains, and intercity train passengers. It also has a special building for the counter at the south gate.

In the 1970s, the number of Yogyakarta Station tracks probably reached eleven lines — not including the shunting line north of the station. The south yard has five train tracks with track 5 being a straight track and the north yard has six train tracks with (possibly) track 6 is a straight track. But in 1999, the platform on line 2 was built to accommodate the doors height of the executive train at the time.

Before the double track construction which was started around 2004, the old track 3 was a straight track towards Surakarta, while track 4 was a straight track towards Kutoarjo. During the construction until its operation on the Yogyakarta–Maguwo segment as of 8 January 2007 and then the Yogyakarta–Kutoarjo segment in November 2007 until it was inaugurated on 22 January 2008, the station layout underwent some changes: a still intact shunting track — even though it had been demolished — was changed to track 1, the old track 1 was changed to track 2, and the old track 2 was changed to track 3 as a straight track  to and from Kutoarjo. In addition, a high platform was added to track 3 — overlapping the old track 3 — and track 5. Currently, track 3 is used as a straight track towards Surakarta and turning track from Kutoarjo, track 4 is used as a straight track from Kutoarjo, and track 5 is used as a straight track towards Kutoarjo.



In the station area there is a locomotive depot and a train depot which are respectively located to the northwest and west. The rail turntable is to the west of the locomotive depot, which is located northwest of the station.

To the east there is a level crossing in the form of a sliding gate which is specifically for pedestrians (and, until 2023, for bicycles, rickshaws, and andong) passing around the Jalan Malioboro area. In addition, there is a bridge that spans the Code River, known as the Kewek Bridge, which crosses Jalan Abu Bakar Ali.

The station often undergone renovation and rearrangement, including high platform and canopy roof construction. The parking system has also undergone changes: the east and south gates are now only used for pick-up and pedicab parking, while the parking lot is located southwest of the station complex. In order to realize a large international standard train station, the station has been thoroughly renovated since the 2016 Eid al-Fitr mudik season, including remodeling the station counter at the south gate, as well as installing granite floors and repainting. To the south of the station were many crowded kiosks, freight forwarders, and kiosks selling airplane and train tickets, which were demolished in 2017 because they did not have permits and were considered as slum by the KAI.

Yogyakarta Station has an executive waiting room, Anggrek Executive Lounge, which is operated by KAI Wisata and utilizes the pavilion building behind the station.

To upgrade the train's electrical signaling system at the station, as of April 2021 a new electrical signaling system produced by Len Industri has been installed which will replace the old system produced by Siemens. This signaling has been active since September 2021. At the same time, the track between Yogyakarta and Lempuyangan stations is used as a double track railroad.

Station characteristics
Yogyakarta Station has two locomotive monuments on the east and south sides of the station area. The monument located at the east entrance is a portable steam engine made by Marshall Britannia, United Kingdom. Its location which was originally in the middle of the station entrance has now been moved to the north wing of the road. Meanwhile, the monument located on the south entrance is the D301 22 hydraulic diesel locomotive which has been on display since 12 December 2018. The locomotive display was carried out after all parts of the station underwent an overhaul, including adding toilets from used cars and can be used by the general public. In addition to the locomotive monument, near the east entrance, there is the words "Yogyakarta Station" in Javanese script, made in large raised letters.

The station has a train arrival song in the form of an instrumental kroncong song "Sepasang Mata Bola" by Ismail Marzuki as a train arrival bell at all major stations in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, recounting the Indonesian capital moving during the national revolution symbolized by a train from Jakarta to Yogyakarta. The song was arranged by kroncong YouTuber Purwaka Music.

Services
The following is a list of train services at the Yogyakarta Station:

Intercity trains
Executive class
 * Argo Dwipangga, to Gambir and Solo Balapan
 * Argo Lawu, to Gambir and Solo Balapan
 * Argo Wilis, to Bandung and Surabaya Gubeng
 * Argo Semeru, to Gambir and Surabaya Gubeng
 * Bima, to Gambir and Surabaya Gubeng
 * Manahan (Train), to Gambir and Solo Balapan
 * Gajayana, to Gambir and Malang
 * Turangga, to Bandung and Surabaya Gubeng
 * Taksaka, to Gambir

Executive and Business class
 * Ranggajati, to Jember via Surabaya Gubeng and Cirebon
 * Malioboro Ekspres, to Malang and Purwokerto

Executive and Premium Economy class
 * Fajar Utama Yogyakarta, to Pasar Senen
 * Senja Utama Yogya, to Pasar Senen
 * Fajar/Senja Utama Solo, to Pasar Senen and Solo Balapan
 * Mutiara Selatan, to Bandung and Surabaya Gubeng
 * Lodaya, to Bandung and Solo Balapan
 * Sancaka, to Surabaya Gubeng
 * Wijayakusuma, to Cilacap and Ketapang
 * Bogowonto, to Pasar Senen and Lempuyangan
 * Malabar (Train), to Malang and Bandung

Executive and Economy Plus class
 * Bangunkarta, to Pasar Senen and Jombang
 * Kertanegara, to Purwokerto and Malang
 * Gajah Wong, to Pasar Senen and Lempuyangan
 * Joglosemarkerto, loopline through Central Java via Purwokerto, Semarang Tawang and Solo Balapan

Commuter rail and airport rail link

 * Yogyakarta - KRL Commuter Kutoarjo Line Icon.png, to Kutoarjo
 * KRL Commuterline Yogyakarta Line cleaner icon.png, to Solo Balapan and Palur
 * YIALinecodeKAIBandara.png, to Yogyakarta International Airport

Supporting transportation
There are a number of Trans Jogja bus stops nearby the station. Near the southern entrance is a bus stop for Corridor K2-Teman Bus. The Malioboro 1 bus stop located at Malioboro Street serves Line 1A, 2A, 3A, 8, and 10.

In popular culture

 * The "Sepasang Mata Bola" song by Ismail Marzuki illustrates the atmosphere of the evening arrival at Yogyakarta Station.
 * Yogyakarta Station is one of the filming locations for the films Kereta Api Terakhir (early and last scenes), Daun di Atas Bantal (main setting), and Janur Kuning (during the attack on Toegoe Hotel).
 * Yogyakarta Station was used as one of the locations where the Yogyakarta-based rock band, Sheila on 7, took a music video for a song "Tunggu Aku di Jakarta" in 2000 and a singer from Yogyakarta who was the runner-up of the 2010 Indonesian Idol, Citra Scholastika, in her song "Pasti Bisa" in 2012.
 * Yogyakarta Station became a source of inspiration for Dimas Tedjo "Blangkon" in creating a campursari song "Stasiun Tugu".
 * Yogyakarta Station is also mentioned in the Kisah Tanah Jawa book written by the mystery content creator team, Kisah Tanah Jawa.

Incidents

 * On 14 November 2003, three passenger trains with two business class trains and one executive class crashed at the Yogyakarta Locomotive Depot. This incident started when the train set was about to be washed before being sent to Jakarta. However, the switch moves on its own when the train series is shunted, causing it to fall.
 * On 23 April 2014, a man was killed by a cement train with travel number 8067 Lempuyangan-Purwokerto relation. The victim is suspected of having a mental disorder. This incident occurred to the north of the Abu Bakar Ali Parking Park.
 * On 4 July 2017, a vocational high school student disappeared after getting off the Senja Utama Yogya train at Tugu Station. Two days later, at 15.00 pm, the family received a call from the escort that the student had been taken home.
 * On 18 September 2022, a short video recording the incident when one of the passengers on the Bangunkarta train, the Jombang–Pasar Senen relation, fell and was hit by a train, because he was left behind by the train, and forced his way in when the train door was closed and the train was in a condition to leave Yogyakarta Tugu Station. The passenger suffered an injury to his right leg and immediately received treatment.